EP0521534A2 - Composition d'huile lubrifiante - Google Patents

Composition d'huile lubrifiante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0521534A2
EP0521534A2 EP92115155A EP92115155A EP0521534A2 EP 0521534 A2 EP0521534 A2 EP 0521534A2 EP 92115155 A EP92115155 A EP 92115155A EP 92115155 A EP92115155 A EP 92115155A EP 0521534 A2 EP0521534 A2 EP 0521534A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
group
salt
sulfonate
composition
extreme pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP92115155A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0521534A3 (en
Inventor
Katafuchi c/o Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd. Tadashi
Saito c/o Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd. Toshio
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
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Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd filed Critical Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
Publication of EP0521534A2 publication Critical patent/EP0521534A2/fr
Publication of EP0521534A3 publication Critical patent/EP0521534A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compound
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
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    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/24—Aldehydes; Ketones
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    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/48—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C10M129/50—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring monocarboxylic
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    • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/48—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C10M129/54—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing hydroxy groups
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    • C10M135/10—Sulfonic acids or derivatives thereof
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    • C10M2215/086—Imides [having hydrocarbon substituents containing less than thirty carbon atoms]
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    • C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
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    • C10N2010/08—Groups 4 or 14
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    • C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
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    • C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
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    • C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
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    • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/50—Medical uses

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a novel lubricating oil composition, more particularly to a lubricating oil composition for metal working which is suitable as a processing oil for super finishing processing or bearing processing and has excellent stain resistance so that stain will not be generated not only in the absence of sulfur type extreme pressure agents but also in the presence of such agents.
  • Cutting or grinding of metal is characterized in that temperature rises greatly and a fresh surface always appears upon cutting or grinding. Therefore, such an extreme pressure agent is required to have sufficient durability against the rise in temperature on friction surfaces and to react rapidly with the friction surfaces so that fresh metal surfaces which will be generated successively can be covered quickly with the lubricating film of the extreme pressure agent. For that reason, a sulfur type or chlorine type agent having high activity is generally used under very high temperature conditions.
  • the sulfur type extreme pressure agent there are used, for example, sulfur simple substance, a sulfide, a sulfurized fat and oil, a sulfurized mineral oil or the like.
  • a lubricating oil containing the active sulfur is excellent in processability, it has a defect that stains are generated in the processed metal product after processing and causes inevitably the lowering of the product value. Even if a lubricating oil which does not contain the aforementioned active sulfur is used, it is apprehended that stains will be generated by using a working tool (grinder) containing sulfur as an ingredient.
  • This invention has been made for the purpose of overcoming the defects in conventional lubricating oils for metal working and providing a lubricating oil composition for metal working which is excellent in stain resistance so that stains will not be generated not only in the absence of a sulfur type extreme pressure agent, but also in the presence of such an agent.
  • the present inventors have conducted earnest researches for developing a lubricating oil composition for metal working which is excellent in stain resistance. As a result, it has been found that the aforementioned object can be reached by incorporating a specific compound with a base oil. This invention has been accomplished on the basis of this knowledge.
  • this invention provides a lubricating oil composition, characterized in that (B) an amine represented by the formula (I) and (C) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a sulfonate, a phenate and a salicylate are incorporated into (A) a base oil and, if necessary, (D) an extreme pressure agent and/or an oiliness agent are further incorporated into the base oil.
  • the base oil used as the component (A) has no limitation except that the viscosity at the temperature of 40°C is in the range of 1 to 300 cSt, and any one of the base oils which have been conventionally used in lubricating oil compositions for metal working such as a mineral oil, a synthetic oil, a sulfurized mineral oil or a sulfurized fat and oil can be used.
  • a sulfur type base oil such as a sulfurized mineral oil, a sulfurized fat arid oil or a sulfurized olefin advantageously gives excellent processability.
  • the aforementioned base oil may be used alone or in combination of the two or more.
  • the amine which is the component (B) in the composition of this invention, is the compound represented by the formula (I): wherein n denotes 2 to 6, preferably 3; R1 and R2 represent respectively a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkylaryl group, an aralkyl group or an aryl group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 24 carbon atoms and may be the same or different provided that both of the two do not represent hydrogen atoms simultaneously.
  • R1 and R2 represent respectively a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkylaryl group, an aralkyl group or an aryl group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 24 carbon atoms and may be the same or different provided that both of the two do not represent hydrogen atoms simultaneously.
  • n in the above-mentioned formula (I) is less than 2, the amine has a problem of odor; and the amine in which n exceeds 6 is less available. If R1 or R2 has carbon atoms less than 5, the amine has the problems of odor or poor solubility; and the amine in which R1 or R2 has carbon atoms exceeding 30 is less available.
  • the diamines include for example N-laurylpropylenediamine, N-myristylpropylenediamine, N-palmitylpropylenediamine, N-stearylpropylenediamine, N-eicosylpropylenediamine, N-oleylpropylenediamine, N,N-dilaurylpropylenediamine, tallow propylenediamine or the like.
  • the amount to be incorporated is generally selected in the range of 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 2% by weight on the basis of the weight of the composition. If the amount is less than 0.1% by weight, the effect of this invention cannot be exhibited satisfactorily. If the amount exceeds 5% by weight, the improvement of the effect corresponding to that amount cannot be expected.
  • one or more kinds of the compounds selected from a sulfonate, a phenate and a salicylate are used as the component (C).
  • the base numbers of the sulfonate, phenate and salicylate are not limited specifically and are preferably in the range of 10 to 500 mg KOH/g, more preferably 150 to 500 mg KOH/g, particularly a high base number in the range of 150 to 450 mg KOH/g being preferred.
  • the component having such a high base number has good durability of the effect (particularly stain resistance).
  • the sulfonate either a petroleum sulfonate or a synthetic sulfonate can be used, and as the salt form, there are mentioned an alkali metal salt, an alkaline earth metal salt, a diamine salt, an ammonium salt or the like.
  • the alkaline earth metal salt particularly a calcium salt and a barium salt are preferred.
  • a sulfonate which is obtained by recovering as a sulfonate a petroleum sulfonic acid which is a by-product during the purification of liquid paraffin with sulfuric acid or by sulfonating a mineral oil having a suitable molecular weight with a sulfonating agent such as concentrated sulfuric acid, fuming sulfuric acid or sulfuric acid anhydride and further converting into a sulfonate is used.
  • the synthetic sulfonate there is used a sulfonate obtained by sulfonating bottoms containing as the main component didodecylbenzene as a by-product during the production of dodecylbenzene as a raw material of a synthetic detergent by alkylating, for example, benzene with a propylene tetramer, or by sulfonating dinonylnaphthalene which is obtained by the alkylation of naphthalene with nonene and further converting the sulfonic acid into a salt.
  • the sulfonate having a high base number is obtained by contacting the sulfonate thus obtained with carbon dioxide gas in the presence of an excessive amount of an alkali compound such as an hydroxide, for example calcium hydroxide or barium hydroxide, or an oxide.
  • an alkali compound such as an hydroxide, for example calcium hydroxide or barium hydroxide, or an oxide.
  • the sulfonate may be used alone or in combination of the two or more.
  • the phenate can be prepared, for example, by reacting an alkylphenol with elementary sulfur and a metal hydroxide in an alcohol as a solvent.
  • an alkylphenol with elementary sulfur and a metal hydroxide in an alcohol as a solvent.
  • a variety of salts in the same manner as in the sulfonate among others a calcium salt being preferred.
  • the salicylate an alkali metal salt, an alkaline earth metal salt, a diamine salt or an ammonium salt of the alkylsalicylic acid represented by the general formula (II) are used: wherein R represents an alkyl group.
  • alkaline earth metal salts especially the calcium salt and the magnesium salt are preferably used.
  • the alkylsalicylic acid can be generally prepared by alkylating phenol with an -olefin having 14 to 18 carbon atoms and subjecting the resultant alkylphenol to Kolbe-Schmidt reaction.
  • the salicylate having a high base number is prepared in the same manner as the aforementioned sulfonate.
  • the alkylsalicylic acid in which the alkyl group is placed at the para-position to the hydroxyl group is advantageous because of its excellent dispersibility at high temperatures.
  • the salicylate may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and it may also be combined with the aforementioned sulfonate or phenate.
  • the sulfonate, the phenate or the salicylate as the component (C) is generally used in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 5% by weight on the basis of the weight of the composition. If the amount is less than 0.1% by weight, the effect of this invention will not be exhibited satisfactorily; if it exceeds 10% by weight, the improvement of the effect corresponding to that amount cannot be expected. The optimum amount is about 1% by weight to the weight of the composition.
  • an extreme pressure agent and/or an oiliness agent can be incorporated as the component (D), if necessary.
  • the extreme pressure agent or the oiliness agent has no particular limitation, and those which is conventionally used in a lubricating oil for the processing of machines can be used.
  • the extreme pressure agent reacts in a satisfactory speed with the friction surfaces under the extreme pressure condition of the loading on the friction surfaces, covers quickly the fresh metal surfaces which will generate in succession with the lubricating film, so that the extrusions on the surfaces are protected from fusion or breakage.
  • a sulfur type extreme pressure agent such as sulfur as simple substance, a sulfide, a sulfurized olefin, a sulfurized mineral oil, a sulfurized fat and oil or the like
  • a chlorine type extreme pressure agent such as a chlorinated paraffin, a chlorinated fat, and oil, a chlorinated naphthalene, a chlorinated polyphenyl, a chlorinated alkylbenzene, methyl trichlorostearate, pentachloropentadienic acid, dibutyl chlorendate or the like
  • a phosphorus type extreme pressure agent such as tributyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, lauryl acid phosphate, oleyl acid phosphate, a tallow amine salt of octyl phosphate, an oleylamine salt of oleyl acid phosphate, tribut
  • the oiliness agent has the effect of adsorbing on metal surfaces and forming a strong adsorption film to decrease friction.
  • the oiliness agent there are mentioned, for example, a higher fatty acid such as oleic acid, stearic acid or the like; a higher alcohol such as stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol or the like; an amine or an ester.
  • the oiliness agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and it may also be combined with the aforementioned extreme pressure agent.
  • the extreme pressure agent or the oiliness agent as the component (D) is generally incorporated in an amount of 0.01 to 40% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 20% by weight on the basis of the weight of the composition.
  • Stain resistance of the lubricating oil composition was evaluated as follows:
  • the processed bearings were coated with the composition, stacked and left standing for 3 days under the conditions of 30°C and a humidity of 95%; then the stacked bearings were observed according to the following criteria:
  • composition was boiled together with active sulfur in an amount of 0.5% by weight, and the composition was evaluated in the same manner as the method (1) according to the following criteria:
  • Lubricating oil compositions each having a formulation shown in Table 1 were prepared, and their stain resistances were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • the extreme pressure agent and the oiliness agent were used as a mixture of the ratio 2 : 1 by weight.
  • the lubricating oil composition of this invention is a lubricating oil composition for metal working which is excellent in stain resistance so that stain will not be generated not only in the absence of a sulfur type extreme pressure agent but also in the presence of such an agent.
  • the lubricating oil composition of this invention is preferably used particularly for bearing processing or super finishing processing.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP19920115155 1988-09-16 1989-09-13 Lubricating oil composition Withdrawn EP0521534A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP22977488 1988-09-16
JP229774/88 1988-09-16

Related Parent Applications (2)

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EP89910189A Division-Into EP0394468B1 (fr) 1988-09-16 1989-09-13 Huile lubrifiante

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EP0521534A3 EP0521534A3 (en) 1993-02-03

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EP89910189A Expired - Lifetime EP0394468B1 (fr) 1988-09-16 1989-09-13 Huile lubrifiante

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Cited By (1)

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EP0776964A1 (fr) * 1995-12-01 1997-06-04 Ethyl Petroleum Additives Limited Fluides hydrauliques

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US7820600B2 (en) 2005-06-03 2010-10-26 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Lubricant and method for improving air release using ashless detergents
US7851418B2 (en) 2005-06-03 2010-12-14 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Ashless detergents and formulated lubricating oil containing same
US7879775B2 (en) * 2006-07-14 2011-02-01 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricant compositions

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0776964A1 (fr) * 1995-12-01 1997-06-04 Ethyl Petroleum Additives Limited Fluides hydrauliques

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0394468B1 (fr) 1993-12-01
EP0394468A1 (fr) 1990-10-31
EP0521534A3 (en) 1993-02-03
EP0394468A4 (en) 1991-03-20
DE68911129D1 (de) 1994-01-13
WO1990002786A1 (fr) 1990-03-22

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