EP0587263A2 - Objet courant ou de collection avec marquage d'identification - Google Patents

Objet courant ou de collection avec marquage d'identification Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0587263A2
EP0587263A2 EP93250245A EP93250245A EP0587263A2 EP 0587263 A2 EP0587263 A2 EP 0587263A2 EP 93250245 A EP93250245 A EP 93250245A EP 93250245 A EP93250245 A EP 93250245A EP 0587263 A2 EP0587263 A2 EP 0587263A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
marking
range
light
article
wavelength
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93250245A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0587263A3 (en
Inventor
Oleg Ivanovich Fisun
Lev Nikolaevich Lupichev
Viktor Vassilevich Maklakov
Richard Schimko
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Borus Spezialverfahren und Geraete im Sondermaschinenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Borus Spezialverfahren und Geraete im Sondermaschinenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Borus Spezialverfahren und Geraete im Sondermaschinenbau GmbH filed Critical Borus Spezialverfahren und Geraete im Sondermaschinenbau GmbH
Publication of EP0587263A2 publication Critical patent/EP0587263A2/fr
Publication of EP0587263A3 publication Critical patent/EP0587263A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B39/00—Watch crystals; Fastening or sealing of crystals; Clock glasses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44C—PERSONAL ADORNMENTS, e.g. JEWELLERY; COINS
    • A44C19/00—Devices for preventing pilfering of watches or jewellery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/14—Security printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/22—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B45/00—Time pieces of which the indicating means or cases provoke special effects, e.g. aesthetic effects
    • G04B45/0084—Pictures or inscriptions on the case or parts thereof, attaching complete pictures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S283/00—Printed matter
    • Y10S283/901—Concealed data
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/913—Material designed to be responsive to temperature, light, moisture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/914—Transfer or decalcomania
    • Y10S428/915—Fraud or tamper detecting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23921—With particles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24777—Edge feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24851—Intermediate layer is discontinuous or differential
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24893—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including particulate material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24893—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including particulate material
    • Y10T428/24901—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including particulate material including coloring matter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an object of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • identification marks are often provided, which are distinctive and allow the object to be clearly identified or its owner to be identified.
  • a marking method which works by means of a so-called stream laser head.
  • the object to be marked arrives in front of the stream laser print head by means of a conveyor belt.
  • the laser head is positioned and guided by means of a microprocessor-controlled device for the sequential generation of a predetermined writing pattern. For example, a number of predefined letters and numbers are specified according to their coordinates in their position.
  • Three photo elements control the position of the object to be marked on the assembly line. When this has reached a predetermined position, the stream laser print head switches on and places the markings on the surface material point by point.
  • DE 31 47 385 C2 discloses a method for identifying laminated glass panes, in which a visible marking is written into the intermediate layer of laminated glass by means of a laser beam and has an absorption coefficient for the laser radiation that differs from the glass.
  • Both labeling methods can only be used for special items and, because of the visibility of the markings, only provide forgery-proof labeling to a limited extent.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying an object of the type mentioned at the outset with a marking which, on the one hand, does not impair the value of the object when it is attached or read out and, moreover, cannot be removed from the object without damage.
  • the invention includes the idea that additional protection of the object to be provided with the marking is associated with this if it does not lose value when it is attached, but only when an attempt is made to remove the marking, so that any abusive owner or user who may have an interest in removing the mapping label, which will not be removed.
  • This can be the case for property offenses if the labeling helps to secure existing legal relationships through individualization of the labeled item or through owner identification, or on the other hand if a sales or trading channel, which the item has taken until its sale to its end customer, is disclosed shall be.
  • Such a marking is particularly effective in a transparent area of the surface of the surface to be marked Subject, since the attempted elimination leads to particularly obvious defects.
  • Transparent areas are specifically provided for optical purposes - be it that there should be an insight or perspective - be it that, as with transparent gemstones, refraction or reflection effects should be used.
  • the resulting visual impairment in the event of damage or destruction of the area in question will result in an impairment, which will constitute an obstacle to the intention to remove the marking in question.
  • This obstacle will also be at least indirectly decisive in the decision of a person who wants to pursue an illegal or otherwise unfair purpose by removing the label.
  • a major advantage of the solution according to the invention is that it is not readily recognizable at which point of the object in question the marking is provided, so that for this reason alone the attempt to remove it does not lead to the desired result.
  • the identification mark is designed as an optical marking, which is not recognizable when irradiated with a light source with a wavelength range within the sensitivity range of the human eye and which is transparent in at least a part of the wavelength range within the sensitivity range of the human eye, the object remains in the relevant one Transparent area - but can be used if necessary tinted or tarnished (opaque).
  • the range is transparent to a further wavelength range - outside the sensitivity range of the human eye.
  • the transparent element to be marked is in particular the cover of an element which emits light, receives light or forms an optical control display, which is preferably on the front or in the viewing area of the viewfinder is arranged, since the attempt to remove a marking by removing material would be particularly noticeable here.
  • the display also serves as an input device through local pressure.
  • the transparent area of the display can also be the front pane of a cathode ray tube, an LCD or plasma screen.
  • the object can preferably also be a wristwatch, and the transparent area can be the cover for the dial or another display for time display.
  • the attempt to remove the marking would be extremely disruptive. Drilling or weakening the watch cover glass would also weaken the mechanical stability so that it could break or another property - for example the water or pressure resistance - could no longer be guaranteed.
  • cover glasses made of transparent plastic. It is particularly expedient if the transparent area is connected to the rest of the object by gluing, welding or the like and cannot be removed without destruction, so that removal or replacement of the transparent area together with the marking does not lead to its removal while maintaining its usability or Value of the item.
  • the collectible according to the invention with identification identification can also be a gem or piece of jewelry - such as an uncut or cut diamond - in which an unrecognizable identification is of particular economic benefit.
  • the wavelength to be selected for the irradiation depends on the molecular structure of the material and is experimentally determined in a preferred embodiment of the method for generating the label by determining the absorption of the material over a sufficiently wide wavelength range with the aid of one or more tunable light sources. If this results in the presence of a plurality of absorption maxima or resonance wavelengths, the most pronounced or a maximum for the identification radiation is preferably close to the working wavelength of an available identification light source. selected, whereby it must be ensured that the selected wavelength is also in the working range of the lighting device (s) which will later be used for reading out the identification.
  • the markings are then generated with high-energy light, preferably by means of coherent high-energy pulse radiation (laser radiation), with a wavelength in the range of resonance absorption and with a beam speed and beam parameters which give the desired value of the effective energy input.
  • coherent high-energy pulse radiation laser radiation
  • the thermal energy generated in the material is partially dissipated or the object is precooled in such a way that the irradiated areas can only heat up to a temperature at which a substantial permanent change in the Material is still reliably excluded by the radiated or converted thermal energy. This ensures that, apart from the intended marking, no other indication of the presence of the marking is visible, so that it cannot be found without further aids.
  • the marking is carried out by means of laser radiation with a wavelength tuned to a resonance maximum in the range from 250 to 450 nm - for example using a nitrogen, excimer or dye laser.
  • a wavelength tuned to a resonance maximum in the range from 250 to 450 nm - for example using a nitrogen, excimer or dye laser.
  • this range is preferably used for identification because of the availability of inexpensive and easy-to-use light sources.
  • the charging voltage in the case of an excimer laser of the pump laser
  • the pulse repetition frequency, the local dwell time or writing speed and / or the spot diameter of the laser beam its radiation energy is adjusted in coordination with any cooling provided, so that the local effective energy input is used to achieve this a permanent marking exceeds the necessary threshold value, the thermal energy balance being set such that, taking heat dissipation into account, the local temperature remains below a temperature at which a substantial permanent deformation or other change in the material of the object to be treated occurs.
  • the marking generated is advantageously made visible or read out by means of an illumination system with the light wavelength close to the resonance absorption wavelength of the marked material.
  • the marking can advantageously be carried out light on a dark background or dark on a light background.
  • the marking is often shaped by means of radiation expedient of the object through a template or even inevitable.
  • Metal stencils are particularly suitable.
  • the identification is generated at a resonance wavelength in the UV range, reading out is possible in a simple manner using a simple broadband UV light source (dark radiator).
  • a simple broadband UV light source dark radiator
  • the marking “modulates” the fluorescence behavior of the object or the other materials.
  • the marking is made perceptible to the eye in a simple manner, although both the marking and the illuminating light are not in the visible wavelength range.
  • the marking is applied in coded form by using holographic methods, the coded marking generated in this way then also being read out using coherent radiation.
  • An evaluation of the marking is then also possible depending on the direction, so that the direction information for coding is additionally available for a possible encryption.
  • an identification mark is designed as an optical marking M which is not recognizable when irradiated with a light source having a wavelength range within the sensitivity range of the human eye.
  • the front lens of the lens is in an optically transparent area of the photo camera for at least a part of the wavelength range within the sensitivity range of the human eye and for another outside the sensitivity range of the human eye, which serves to read out the marking.
  • the alternative is the Marking in the front glass of the viewfinder 3 attached; this marking is designated M 'in the figure.
  • the integrity of the viewfinder or the optics is of great importance, especially for a photo or video camera, so that the attempt to remove the marking which is invisible to humans would severely limit its usefulness since the optical properties deteriorate.
  • a flaw in the optics is extremely annoying. This is especially true for SLR cameras, where the optics also serve as a viewfinder.
  • the identification M or M 'in the photo camera - as in principle also the objects described below - is generated by local irradiation by means of laser light with a wavelength near a resonance wavelength lying outside the visible range of the optical glass forming the material with such an adjusted intensity that
  • a permanent marking M or M ' is created which, when illuminated with light of the appropriate wavelength, has a different optical effect in the visible and / or invisible light range compared to the effect of the non-irradiated areas of the front lens of the lens or the viewfinder.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is a portable computer 4, the transparent area being formed by the front pane of the screen or display 5.
  • the screen and processor parts are usually inseparable, so that if the screen display is impaired when trying to remove the invisible marking M, the usability is severely restricted.
  • miniaturized computers are usually more expensive than table-top devices and are more likely to be lost when traveling, an individualized identification of the display, which cannot be removed without damage, is of particular importance.
  • Portable computers are usually those in a laptop, notebook or palmtop housing, with the screen preferably being designed as an input device which reacts to local pressure effects in order to save a keyboard.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is a wristwatch 6, in which the transparent area having the invisible identification M serves as a cover glass 7 for the dial area or another display.
  • the watch shown is watertight up to a predetermined limit pressure, the cover glass 7 forming part of the housing which seals the watch against the ingress of water. Damage when attempting to remove the marking would not only make the watch appear damaged on the outside, but would also impair its actual usability due to the reduced pressure resistance.
  • the cover glass 7 is connected to the rest of the clock by gluing in the same material, so that a replacement of the glass is not possible without destroying the entire housing.
  • the entire gem represents the transparent area which is provided with the marking M.
  • the mark cannot be removed without a significant loss in value of the stone, since this would have to be accompanied by a complete re-grinding with a considerable loss of size.
  • objects of art such as paintings, porcelain, etc. protect effectively against loss by means of the method according to the invention, since the integrity of the surface is also regarded as a quality indicator.
  • surface damage on the underside is generally regarded as an indication of a poor quality sorting. Damage to the upper part of the decoration would be unacceptable for the serious collector, and an otherwise invisible property label that is attached and cannot be removed without damage represents effective protection against theft.
  • the embodiment of the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments specified above. Rather, a number of variants are conceivable which make use of the solution shown, even in the case of fundamentally different types.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
EP93250245A 1992-09-08 1993-09-08 Article with identification mark for composition or collection purposes Withdrawn EP0587263A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4230548 1992-09-08
DE4230548A DE4230548C2 (de) 1992-09-08 1992-09-08 Verfahren zur Erzeugung von als Baustoff geeignetem Calcium-Alphahalbhydrat aus feuchtem, feinteiligem Rauchgasentschwefelungsgips

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0587263A2 true EP0587263A2 (fr) 1994-03-16
EP0587263A3 EP0587263A3 (en) 1996-05-01

Family

ID=6467804

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93250245A Withdrawn EP0587263A3 (en) 1992-09-08 1993-09-08 Article with identification mark for composition or collection purposes

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5401561A (fr)
EP (1) EP0587263A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE4230548C2 (fr)
IL (1) IL106941A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA936577B (fr)

Cited By (1)

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EP0587263A3 (en) 1996-05-01
DE4230548C2 (de) 1996-01-18
US5401561A (en) 1995-03-28
IL106941A (en) 1996-01-31
DE4230548A1 (de) 1994-03-10
IL106941A0 (en) 1993-12-28

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