Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
  • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
  • A63B69/36—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for golf
  • A63B69/3623—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for golf for driving
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
  • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
  • A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
  • A63B71/0686—Timers, rhythm indicators or pacing apparatus using electric or electronic means
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
  • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
  • A63B24/0003—Analysing the course of a movement or motion sequences during an exercise or trainings sequence, e.g. swing for golf or tennis
  • A63B24/0006—Computerised comparison for qualitative assessment of motion sequences or the course of a movement
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
  • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
  • A63B24/0003—Analysing the course of a movement or motion sequences during an exercise or trainings sequence, e.g. swing for golf or tennis
  • A63B24/0006—Computerised comparison for qualitative assessment of motion sequences or the course of a movement
  • A63B2024/0012—Comparing movements or motion sequences with a registered reference
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
  • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
  • A63B24/0003—Analysing the course of a movement or motion sequences during an exercise or trainings sequence, e.g. swing for golf or tennis
  • A63B24/0006—Computerised comparison for qualitative assessment of motion sequences or the course of a movement
  • A63B2024/0012—Comparing movements or motion sequences with a registered reference
  • A63B2024/0015—Comparing movements or motion sequences with computerised simulations of movements or motion sequences, e.g. for generating an ideal template as reference to be achieved by the user
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
  • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
  • A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
  • A63B71/0619—Displays, user interfaces and indicating devices, specially adapted for sport equipment, e.g. display mounted on treadmills
  • A63B71/0622—Visual, audio or audio-visual systems for entertaining, instructing or motivating the user
  • A63B2071/0625—Emitting sound, noise or music

Definitions

• the invention relates to training a sportsperson for some sporting activity and, in particular, to regulating the movements of the sportsperson engaged in that activity.
• the invention has application to all kinds of sports and to a wide range of sportspersons including a novice commencing to learn the rudiments of some sport as well as someone more proficient seeking to improve performance. Background of Invention
• predetermined signals are used as timing synchronizers to induce and guide the execution of movements by a sportsperson engaged in a particular sporting activity.
• the signals may be produced by an electronic device which has been programmed to generate a sequence of auditory pulses having predetermined characteristics.
• the predetermined signals are dependent upon the particular sporting activity.
• characteristics of the sequential pulses are derived from a prior analysis of the movements involved in an appropriate sporting behaviour.
• the prior analysis may be based upon an optimum model of performance where the sportsperson is being trained to achieve an output for which there is an accepted standard.
• the prior analysis may be based upon a model derived from a study of the sportsperson's own behaviour.
• the derived model may be used repetitively by that particular sportsperson in order to achieve consistency in timing.
• a number of models may be analysed so that the sportsperson may experiment with different timing strategies.
• the model may be a human one or it may be mechanical.
• stimulus parameters are derived. These parameters may include the onset of movement of a body part, the duration of movement and the relative timing of movements of different parts of the body. Other information such as speed or force of movement may be included.
• the stimulus parameters are used to vary characteristics of the auditory pulses such as intensity or duration or quality or the like to relate to movements of different parts of the body and/or to provide other information concerning the particular movement.
• the stimulus parameters are fed into a programmable computer by such means as a keyboard.
• the auditory pulses are relayed to the sportsperson by audio output means.
• the audio output means include an individual earpiece for each sportsperson.
• the audio output means may include a radio link to a remote sportsperson. In either case, timing information may be relayed directly and instantaneously to a sportsperson.
• Fig.1 is a block diagram illustrating a sports training device in accordance with the invention.
• Figs.2a and 2b combined show a circuit diagram illustrating one embodiment of a sports training device in accordance with the invention.
• sports-synch and “sports-pacer”, respectively.
• a single sports training device may be designed so as to be suitable for use in both applications.
• separate devices may be designed specifically for one or other application.
• the sports-synch is intended primarily for what may be described as discrete activities such as hitting a golf ball or hitting a cricket ball. Such activities can be made more precise if the onset and duration of various body movements can be signalled precisely to the sportsperson.
• those two particularised activities illustrate the flexibility of the sports-synch to control self-contained, internally triggered actions as occur in golf as well as actions which have external timing requirements as in cricket.
• the ideal golf swing involves synchronous movement of several parts of the body.
• a sequential signal pattern may be based on an analysis of the golf swing using a human or mechanical model.
• the synchrony may be signalled to the golfer by a sequence of different auditory tones which signal the onset of movement for different body parts.
• the whole sequence commences with a brief synchronous tone burst at, for example, 2 per second. This tone burst acts as an onset signal and may be triggered at the golfer's discretion.
• the golfer will learn which tones are the trigger for movement of particular parts of the body and will then practise to put the sequence together with the timing indicated. Thus, the golfer will learn to maintain consistency in timing.
• the sports-synch also has application to cricket batting strokes. Efficient stroke-play in cricket involves a multiplicity of decisions in a short space of time. Sports-synch will enable a batsman to practise the timing of specifically identified shots.
• the timing sequence of the shot could be based upon an ideal model or, alternatively, on an individual model as, for example, in the case of juniors whose body proportions do not allow them to approach the ideal.
• Each shot will be identified by a different tonal sequence and, preferably, a different onset signal for the commencement of each shot.
• the advantage of using the bowling machine is that the batsman could practise a certain shot over and over again provided that the bowling machine is set up to deliver a ball at constant length and velocity.
• the timing sequence would preferably be initiated remotely from the bowling machine by, for example, a radio link. If a human bowler were to be used, the timing sequence for the shot could be initiated remotely by a third party such as a coach.
• the timing of each tone would be programmed in advance from a model such that the sequence for an activity may be triggered in full from a single input.
• the single input trigger could be initiated manually or by a remote signal from another device such as a bowling machine.
• the sports-synch could also be reprogrammed by the user in order to change various features of the total event to suit the individual.
• the sports-synch may be used in other activities which culminate in a precise movement which has a timing prerequisite such as high-jumping, bowling a cricket ball, putting, etc. All of these activities involve a single sequence of events which should be tailor-made and then initiated singly.
• the sports-pacer is intended for the timing of measured repetitive movements such as occurs in running and swimming.
• the essential purpose of this device is to deliver auditory signals which are to be synchronized with the mode of propulsion (e.g., a pace in running or a swimming stroke) such that the pacing feature is immediately convertible into a measure of velocity.
• a sports-pacer acts as a speedometer for the athlete.
• the accuracy of the speedometer function is dependent upon measurements of the particular athlete performing over set distances so that paces or strokes per distance can be converted to pulses per unit time. Given this information, it is possible to programme a training regimen for an athlete or a full race without the athlete having constantly to check a time-piece.
• the device would be flexible enough to correct for changes in terrain, simply by the athlete or coach noting the change in distance travelled over changes in slope of running surface.
• a race like a marathon could be programmed from start to finish.
• the athlete in full knowledge of his speed throughout the race, would be able to preset his pace for the race in advance.
• An athlete would also be able to test out different strategies for racing given that the pacer would enable the athlete to race at different velocities at different stages of the race, with a precise knowledge of what those velocities are.
• An application of the device which differs slightly from the prior examples is to aid in synchronizing the run-up of a bowler in cricket.
• Fast bowlers in particular need a precise rhythm when they bowl.
• a sports-pacer would be able to provide a series of pulses to pace each step in the run-up and the subsequent arm movements leading to the delivery of the ball.
• a sports-pacer needs to be a more flexible device than a sports-synch.
• the device would have inbuilt programmes of performance based, for example, upon the measurement of world-class athletes in appropriate races which can be used as a model.
• the device could also be based upon individual programmes over set distances.
• the sports training device illustrated in Fig.1 is suitable for both the sports-synch and sports-pacer applications.
• the device comprises a programmable electronic system made up of three main components.
• the first is an input device with a keypad which is used to select programmes (if there is more than one programme) and input stimulus parameters.
• the second is a computer and tone generator with an associated memory made with programmable microchips.
• the third is an audio amplifier and speaker, through which the sounds generated by the computer are relayed to a sportsperson.
• the device allows the user to select sounds covering a wide range of frequencies and intensities and arrange them in sequence.
• the sequence can then be played, on command from the keypad, through any of a number of speaker or earpiece outputs.
• the device may also contain a display which indicates to the user the precise details (frequency, duration, sequence, etc.) of the information currently programmed.
• the output characteristics of the device can cover the whole range of audible frequencies of sound, the tonal durations may range from milliseconds to seconds and the total duration of the auditory sequences can be as short as milliseconds or as long as hours .
• the device may include means whereby a number of different auditory sequences can be stored concurrently. Further, the device may incorporate more than one programme.
• the appropriate programme and auditory sequence may be selected through operation of the keypad.
• the audio output means used to relay a sequence of auditory tones to a sportsperson comprises an earpiece which may be worn by the sportsperson.
• individual earpieces may be supplied to each person.
• the audio output means should include a radio link.
• Figs. 2a and 2b depict a circuit diagram for a sports training device according to one embodiment of the invention.
• the training device may be used either as a sports-synch or a sports-pacer.
• the major differences in function result from the way in which tonal sequences are selected by the programme and are stored in the hardware and triggered by the sportsperson.
• the sports-synch function preparatory signals start off a sequence. These are followed by a series of tones, whose frequency and inter-pulseintervals have been selected so as to guide a whole-body action involving the movement of many parts.
• the range of tones used will be less extensive, since it is the repetitive feature of a particular movement which will be signalled; however, the output will be such as to cover the repetitive movement sequence for the total duration of a sporting activity, such as the running of a marathon, which takes over two hours.
• the circuit shown in Figs. 2a and 2b represents a programmable tone sequence generator which is controlled by a Motorola (MC 68705C8) microcontroller UI.
• the controller UI monitors the input keys of keyboard KI and performs all timing and tone selection functions for the device operation in either of its sports-synch or sports-pacer applications.
• the tones and times are stored in the processor ROM and are accessed by the CPU to generate precisely controlled tones and accurate durations.
• the circuit also includes a reset generator (MC34064) which monitors the power supply and holds controller UI in a reset condition during power failure or low battery voltage.
• Voltage regulator (MC78L05) U3 regulates the battery voltage to give +5 volts for the digital circuit.
• a generator U4 generates -5 volts from the +5 supply for the microchip of tone generator (ML2035) U5 which takes serial data from controller U1 via the SPI in hexidecimal format to produce a sine wave.
• a low power amplifier (LM386) U6 takes sine wave from tone generator U5 and provides sufficient power to drive low impedance head phones or earpiece. The power is provided by a 9 volt battery B1.
• PA EQU $00 5 Port A Data/address LO Bus
• SPDR EQU $0C ; I/O Data Register
• ICRH EQU $14 ; Input Capture Reg HI
• TCRH EQU $18 ; Timer Count HI
• TCARL EQU $1A ; Timer alternate Count HI
• RAMDATA EQU $58 ; RAM data IN/OUT
• RAMADDL EQU $59 ;
• BEEPS EQU $66 ; No. of notes in sequence
• DIGIT5 EQU $72 ; Tone duration mill isecs
• DIGIT4 EQU $73 ; Tone duration hundredths
• DIGIT3 EQU $74 ; Tone duration tenths
• DIGIT2 EQU $75 ; Tone duration seconds
• DIGIT1 EQU $76 ; Tone duration ten seconds
• MSDIGIT EQU $77 ; Tone timer counters
• TOPB JSR BEEP3 ; Sound 3 beeps
• PLYMEM JMP PLAYNUM ; Play what's in memory
• JSR PLYNSTR Set for play only
• JSR STOREIT is the sequence number
• JSR SEQSAVE store it in RAM $7FFD LDA SEQCNT ; Get the sequence number ⁇
• NXTKEY CMP KEYTBL,X ; Compare to 1st colum in table,
• BRA SCLE ; ; - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
• JSR STOREIT Store tone frequency ; - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
• NXTDIG LDA DIGIT5-i,X ; Get next digit
• JPONY JMP PONY ;Relit ive jump to large
• MULTEN STA MULTEMP ;
• LCDATA DEC DATACNT ; Point to next data group in L
• FULTST BRSET 2, FLAG ;Ram full if 2, flag is set
• JSR STOREIT indicate end of a tone sequence
• SETC BSET 1 , FLA6 ; Set high tones flag
• JMP UP Return to key checking routine ; - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
• BRA FULTST Return to main routine ; - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
• NXTLIN CMP TIMTBL,X ;for a match
• SETSHP BSET 3, FLAG ; Sharp note
• NOSHP BRCLR 0, FLAG, RTNS ;If set then play & store
• PLAYNUM JSR PLAYMESG ; Play it message
• N0G00D JSR PEEP ; Warning tone
• NXTBYTE INC RAMADDL ;Next byte
• RAMR JSR RRAM ;No, read the address
• JSR WLCD Display the number ; - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
• MEMCLR JSR CLRMEM ; Display MEMORY EMPTY
• PANIC JSR FAULT ; Display ' 32K BYTES SEARCHED SQUEND : CLR MSBY ;
• NTKEY BRSET 7,PD,NTKEY ;Wait for key press
• RAMDATA contains the data to be writen to and read *
• RAMPNT H&L now contain the address of next free ram byte ; This address has to be put into RAMADDR H & L
• JSR RRAM Get number in RAM STA SEQCNT ;Put it in counter RTS ;Return
• DELAYM Uses X and MSEC to give a varrible length delay ; in O.OOi SEC increments.
• RTN CLR TCR ;Stop clock
• REPTB LDA SELECTljX ; Get character
• PLAYMESG JSR DPYCLR ; Clear LCD
• REPTF LDA ZERO,X ;Get character
• REPTU LDA MESGA,X ;Get character
• REPTW LDA SEQDPY,X ;Get character
• REPTX LDA RAMF,X ;Get character
• RPTX LDA RAMFL,X ;Get character

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
• Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
• Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)
• Golf Clubs (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (3)

Family

ID=3775419

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (11)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 1992
  • 1992-05-22 WO PCT/AU1992/000237 patent/WO1992021106A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1992-05-22 EP EP92910878A patent/EP0587622B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1992-05-22 AU AU17699/92A patent/AU650755B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1992-05-22 DE DE69218597T patent/DE69218597T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1992-05-22 KR KR1019930703505A patent/KR100218640B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1992-05-22 JP JP50972992A patent/JP3308529B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1992-05-22 CA CA002109413A patent/CA2109413C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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