EP0602408B1 - Broyeur - Google Patents

Broyeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0602408B1
EP0602408B1 EP93118708A EP93118708A EP0602408B1 EP 0602408 B1 EP0602408 B1 EP 0602408B1 EP 93118708 A EP93118708 A EP 93118708A EP 93118708 A EP93118708 A EP 93118708A EP 0602408 B1 EP0602408 B1 EP 0602408B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting
counter
tool
tooth
rotation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93118708A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0602408A1 (fr
Inventor
Andrew Carey-Yard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0602408A1 publication Critical patent/EP0602408A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0602408B1 publication Critical patent/EP0602408B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C18/186—Axially elongated knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C2018/188—Stationary counter-knives; Mountings thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a chopper or chopper of the type defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the cutting tool which is designed as a cutting roller, is arranged at the lower end of a loading shaft provided with an insertion funnel, the cross section of the cutting roller roughly corresponding to the lower starting cross section of the loading shaft.
  • the stationary counter knife is designed as a bar inclined downward from the circumference of the cutting roller, so that there is a cutting edge which is angular in cross section.
  • the bar is adjustable attached to a crossbar.
  • the reamer interacting with the cutting roller which clears and keeps clear the tooth gaps in which the material of the chopped material passing the counter knife is taken away, is a back and forth Hereby, extending over the entire length of the cutting roller slider is formed, which is driven in time with the passing tooth gaps.
  • the front surface of the slider is bevelled so that there is a tooth-shaped engagement tip.
  • the slide is arranged here on the lower flank of the loading shaft opposite the counter knife and is driven by the shaft of the cutting roller in a reciprocating motion via a cam.
  • the chopper or chopper according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage of being structurally much simpler, as a result of which it becomes considerably more robust and can be produced much more cheaply.
  • Counter knife and reamer are realized by a single component, the so-called counter tool, which takes over the function of both.
  • the component is rotationally symmetrical and can be easily manufactured. It is driven in rotation so that the relatively less robust and failure-prone device for converting the movement of a rotary movement into an axial reciprocating slide movement, as is present in the known chopper, is eliminated.
  • the workpiece or chopped material is cut safely and the cutting tool is reliably cleared from the tooth gaps. When regrinding the cutting tool, it is not necessary to readjust the counter tool.
  • Helical teeth on the cutting tool are possible to achieve the necessary performance and reduce the bearing forces.
  • a roller-shaped cutting tool 10 is arranged in the lower output cross section of a loading chute, of which only the left side wall is shown, which is a contact wall 11 for the chopper Workpiece or chopped material 12 forms.
  • the chopped material 12 is pressed against this contact wall 11 when the cutting tool penetrates it.
  • the rotating cutting tool 10 has cutting teeth 13 and tooth gaps 14 which are uniformly distributed over its circumference and alternately in succession and extend over the entire axial length of the cutting tool 10.
  • the cutting tool 10 with its axis of rotation 15 running in the depth of the drawing sheet is arranged relative to the contact wall 11 in such a way that the contact wall 11 extends approximately tangentially to the cutting tool 10, namely up to the tangent point denoted by 16 or extending into the depth of the drawing plane Tangent line. From there, the contact wall 11 extends in an arcuate manner to a line running in the depth of the plane of the drawing and identified by 17, which extends parallel to the axis of rotation 15.
  • the circle radius of this arcuate curvature is slightly larger than the radius of the turning circle of the cutting tooth tips and has the same center of curvature.
  • a counter-tool 20 is provided to hold the chopped material against the cutting tool 10, to shred it and to clear out the material to be cut off in the tooth gaps 17 after passage through the cutting tool 10, which counter-tool 20 extends parallel to and about the axis of rotation 15 of the cutting tool 10 radially offset axis of rotation 19 is rotatably supported and driven to rotate.
  • the direction of rotation of the counter tool 20 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the cutting tool 10, and the speed of rotation of the counter tool 20 is in a fixed ratio to the speed of rotation of the cutting tool 10. The ratio depends on the design of the counter tool 20 and the cutting tool 10 and is closer below explained.
  • the counter tool 20 has two cantilevered arm-like counter cutting edges 21, 22, which are arranged diametrically to one another on the counter tool 20 and extend over the entire axial length of the cutting tool 10 or the counter tool 20 and are designed such that they are successively in successive tooth spaces 14 of the cutting tool 10 screw in, the counter-cutting tips in each case at the cutting tooth tip of successive cutting teeth 13 screwing into the tooth gap 14 preceding the respective cutting tooth 13 in the direction of rotation and sliding therein approximately along the tooth gap contour.
  • the front boundary surface of the counter cutting edges 21, 22 in the direction of rotation each has an approximately arcuate and the rear boundary surface of the counter cutting edge 21, 22 in the direction of rotation each has an approximately flat, tangential contour.
  • the counter-cutting tips are tooth-shaped when viewed in the direction of rotation, the tooth shape being similar to that of the cutting teeth 13.
  • the rotational speed of the counter tool 20 with the two counter cutting edges 21, 22 is z / 2 times greater than that of the cutting tool 10, where z is the number of cutting teeth 13.
  • the cutting tool 10 has ten cutting teeth 13, so that the rotational speed of the counter tool 20 is five times as large as that of the cutting tool 10.
  • the drive for the counter tool 20 is expediently via a transmission gear with a transmission ratio of 5: 1 Drive for the cutting tool 10 derived.
  • the counter tool 20 can also be used with only one shear bar or three or four shear bars. Its rotational speed is then z / n times larger than the rotational speed of the cutting tool 10, where n is the number of counter cutting edges.
  • the chopped material 12 thrown into the loading chute is gripped and drawn in by the front flanks of the cutting teeth 13.
  • the chopped material 12 is pressed against the contact wall 11, which accordingly also functions as a feed wall.
  • the chopped material 12 is held in a reliable system on the system wall 11. This hold-down effect prevents impact noise and facilitates the severing of the chopped material 12 in the area of line 17 in connection with the counter tool 20.
  • the tooth gaps 14 in which the cut material 121, 122 is picked up when passing the line 17, is cleared out and kept free by means of the counter cutting edges 21 and 22 of the counter tool 20, which also acts as a reamer. As can be seen in the comparison of FIGS.
  • the counter cutting edge 21 plunges into the tooth gap 14 preceding in the direction of rotation of the cutting tool 10 and pushes the gap located therein , material 121 separated from the chopped material 12 from the tooth gap 14 (FIG. 2).
  • the tooth gap 14 is cleared and can absorb material again when immersed in the chopped material 12.
  • the shear bar 22, together with the subsequent cutting tooth 13 cuts off the next piece of material 122 and then clears it out by immersing it in the leading tooth gap 14 in the same manner as described above.
  • the counter tool 20 is cleared of chopped material by the cutting tool 10.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Broyeur équipé d'un outil rotatif de coupe (10) présentant à sa périphérie, successivement, des dents de coupe (13) et des creux de denture (10) et coopérant avec un contre-couteau pour broyer (hacher) des pièces (12) ainsi que d'une curette qui, en service, plonge successivement dans le creux de denture (14) pour en faire sortir la matière broyée,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le contre-couteau et la curette sont constitués par un outil d'opposition (20) entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe (19) parallèle à l'axe de rotation (15) de l'outil de coupe (10) et décalé radialement par rapport à cet axe,
    l'outil (20) tourne en sens opposé à celui de l'outil de coupe (10) et à une vitesse dans un rapport fixe avec celle de l'outil de coupe (10),
    l'outil (20) porte au moins une contre-lame (21, 22) en forme de bras dépassant dont la configuration est telle que la pointe de la contre-lame, en tournant, passe devant la pointe de la dent de coupe (15), pour pénétrer dans le creux de denture (14) précédant cette dent dans le sens de rotation et suivre sensiblement le contour de ce creux de denture.
  2. Broyeur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la pointe du contre-couteau (21, 22), vu dans le sens de rotation, a la forme d'une dent.
  3. Broyeur selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la forme en dent de la pointe du contre-couteau (21, 22) est analogue à celle des dents de coupe (13).
  4. Broyeur selon une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'outil d'opposition (20) porte deux contre-lames (21, 22) diamétralement opposées qui pénètrent en tournant, successivement dans les creux de denture (14) successifs de l'outil de coupe (10).
  5. Broyeur selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la face délimitant, en avant dans le sens de rotation, chaque contre-lame (21, 22) présente une forme sensiblement en arc tandis que l'autre face, délimitant la contre-lame en arrière dans le sens de rotation, présente un tracé sensiblement plan et tangentiel.
  6. Broyeur selon la revendication 4 ou 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la vitesse de rotation de l'outil d'opposition (20) portant deux contre-lames (21, 22) est z/2 fois plus grande que la vitesse de rotation de l'outil de coupe (10), z étant le nombre des dents de coupe (13) portées par cet outil (10).
  7. Broyeur selon une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'outil de coupe (10) et l'outil d'opposition (20) ont la forme de rouleaux, les contre-lames (21, 22) occupant toute la longueur axiale de l'outil d'opposition (10).
  8. Broyeur selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    tangentiellement à l'outil de coupe (10) s'étend une paroi d'appui (11) de la pièce (12), contre laquelle cette pièce est pressée lorsqu'elle est pénétrée par les dents de coupe (13), cette paroi d'appui (11) conduisant sous l'action de l'outil de coupe (10) à une ligne (17) parallèle aux axes (15, 19) des outils de coupe et d'opposition (10, 20) et le long de laquelle ces outils, lorsqu'ils tournent, ont leurs pointes de dent qui se rapprochent au maximum.
  9. Broyeur selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la paroi d'appui (11) est plate et, à partir du point de tangence (16), sa partie extrême a la forme d'un arc dont le rayon de courbure correspond à celui de la trajectoire des pointes des dents de coupe.
EP93118708A 1992-12-17 1993-11-22 Broyeur Expired - Lifetime EP0602408B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4242640A DE4242640A1 (de) 1992-12-17 1992-12-17 Häcksler
DE4242640 1992-12-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0602408A1 EP0602408A1 (fr) 1994-06-22
EP0602408B1 true EP0602408B1 (fr) 1997-04-02

Family

ID=6475549

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93118708A Expired - Lifetime EP0602408B1 (fr) 1992-12-17 1993-11-22 Broyeur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5373998A (fr)
EP (1) EP0602408B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4242640A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1030763B1 (de) * 2022-08-23 2024-09-11 Claas Saulgau Gmbh Häckselwerk einer landwirtschaftlichen Erntemaschine

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4344738A1 (de) * 1993-12-28 1995-06-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Häcksler
DE19518378C1 (de) * 1995-05-23 1996-11-14 Elektra Beckum Ag Gartenhäcksler
CN115228570B (zh) * 2022-07-21 2024-11-26 南京绿上农业开发有限公司 一种具有防止物料缠绕功能的撕碎机

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US98757A (en) * 1870-01-11 Improvement in cider-mills
US1032132A (en) * 1911-10-20 1912-07-09 Charles Gormley Fertilizer-distributer.
IT1119222B (it) * 1979-10-16 1986-03-03 Sant Andrea Novara Officine Macchina trituratrice
US4410144A (en) * 1981-02-26 1983-10-18 General Steel Industries, Inc. Synchronously coordinated counterrotated crusher roll teeth system
US4401279A (en) * 1981-08-27 1983-08-30 General Steel Industries, Inc. Synchronously counter-rotating intermeshing differential speed crusher roll assembly
DE4024060A1 (de) * 1990-07-28 1992-02-06 Lescha Maschf Gmbh Haecksler
JP3188909B2 (ja) * 1991-07-17 2001-07-16 松爾 中込 ２軸破砕機

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1030763B1 (de) * 2022-08-23 2024-09-11 Claas Saulgau Gmbh Häckselwerk einer landwirtschaftlichen Erntemaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0602408A1 (fr) 1994-06-22
DE59306028D1 (de) 1997-05-07
DE4242640A1 (de) 1994-06-23
US5373998A (en) 1994-12-20

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