EP0615218A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la compensation de l'humidité dans un détecteur à dispersion de lumière - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la compensation de l'humidité dans un détecteur à dispersion de lumière Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0615218A1
EP0615218A1 EP94103217A EP94103217A EP0615218A1 EP 0615218 A1 EP0615218 A1 EP 0615218A1 EP 94103217 A EP94103217 A EP 94103217A EP 94103217 A EP94103217 A EP 94103217A EP 0615218 A1 EP0615218 A1 EP 0615218A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
moisture
transmitter
receiver
smoke density
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94103217A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0615218B1 (fr
Inventor
Otfried Post
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0615218A1 publication Critical patent/EP0615218A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0615218B1 publication Critical patent/EP0615218B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
    • G08B29/24—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for compensating the air humidity according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an apparatus for performing the method.
  • the backward-scattering optical smoke detectors used today are excellent early warning devices for fires with smoke development, for example smoldering fires. When used in rooms with high air humidity, undesirable high false alarm rates often occur due to condensation in the optical detector.
  • the backward scattering optical smoke detectors generally referred to as scattered light detectors, have very good smoke detection properties, they react disadvantageously to water vapor or small water droplets, because the scattered light detectors can detect the scattered light from water vapor that has penetrated into the measuring chamber, e.g. on the labyrinth, on ridges and lenses as condensation, do not differentiate from the scattered light caused by smoke.
  • European patent application 0 418 410-A1 describes such a method and an apparatus therefor.
  • the environmental parameter relative humidity with a in the measuring chamber Arranged moisture sensor measured and a measured moisture value determined therefrom by means of a linearizing device. Above a certain measured value for the relative air humidity, the smoke density measured value is compensated with the moisture measured value and the compensated smoke density measured value is further processed to form alarm criteria.
  • the device provided for this purpose is designed such that the scattered light detector has a transmitter circuit which controls the light transmitter, a receiver circuit which converts the receiver current of the light receiver into a frequency change, an oscillator circuit which converts the measurement signals of the moisture sensor into frequency-analog signals, and has a microcomputer, which controls the transmitter circuit.
  • the microcomputer measures the frequency change of the light receiver during a quartz-stable gate time and stores it as a smoke density measurement signal. Furthermore, he measures the frequency-analog signals of the moisture sensor and uses this to determine the value of the relative air humidity from a linearization table in the read-only memory and stores this as a moisture measurement value and compensates the smoke density measurement value with the moisture measurement value.
  • the object of the invention is to further develop and improve the known method and the known device.
  • the smoke density is measured with a scattered light detector based on the principle of optical backscattering.
  • a generally pulse powered light transmitter e.g. an infrared light emitting semiconductor diode and a light receiver, e.g. a photodiode, are arranged in a labyrinth chamber so that only the light scattered by smoke particles that have penetrated into the measuring chamber falls on the light receiver.
  • An electronic circuit amplifies the receiver current, which is further processed as a smoke density measurement.
  • the air humidity is not determined with its own moisture sensor, but with the aid of a further light transmitter and the already existing light receiver.
  • a moisture deposit on the receiving optics is detected by periodically measuring the smoke density with the first light sensor and, with a time offset, the moisture with the second light sensor and processing the two measured values in a downstream microcomputer.
  • the moisture coating on the receiver lens reflects the light from the second light transmitter, which is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the light receiver in such a way that the emitted light touches the receiving optics approximately tangentially on its surface.
  • the output signal of the light receiver for moisture detection depends on the thickness of the moisture film and is weakened accordingly if there is more moisture in the detector. This is evaluated in a manner known per se in the downstream microprocessor. It is expedient to set the received signal in the case of a dry scattered light detector via the control power of the second light transmitter so that an amplifier connected downstream of the light receiver operates in the upper modulation range.
  • Every light transmitter is one Assigned transmission circuit, which is controlled by the microcomputer, the light receiver is followed by a receiving circuit in which the output signals of the light transmitter are amplified and then fed to the microcomputer, which digitizes the received signal and then processes it.
  • a scattered light detector SM is indicated, which has an optical measuring chamber MK, a so-called labyrinth.
  • the light emitted by the first light transmitter LS1 through the transmitter lens SL radiates in this measuring chamber MK. If smoke particles RP or water droplets WT enter the measuring chamber MK, the light from the light transmitter LS1 is scattered backwards and the light receiver LE with its receiving optics EL receives the scattered light.
  • a second light transmitter LS2 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the light receiver LE or the receiving optics EL so that the emitted radiation touches the lens surface approximately tangentially.
  • the output signals of the light receiver LE are amplified via a receiver switch S-Sch, which is fed to the microcomputer ⁇ R, in which they are digitized using an analog-digital converter ADW.
  • the microcomputer controls the two transmission circuits S-Sch1 and S-Sch2, which control the light transmitters LS1 and LS2 at different times.
  • the microcomputer ⁇ R is connected to the primary signal line ML, which in turn is connected to a central Z via the a and b wires.
  • the light receiver LE is generally a photodiode, which is once the light scattered by the smoke receives the first light-emitting diode LS and the other time receives the light from the second light-emitting diode (infrared semiconductor diode) LS2.
  • the second infrared light-emitting semiconductor diode is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the receiving lens EL in such a way that the emitted radiation touches the lens surface approximately tangentially.
  • the output voltage of the receiver circuit E-Sch is set via the drive power of the second infrared light-emitting diode LS2 with a dry surface of the receiving lens EL so that it comes into the upper modulation range of the receiving amplifier (E-Sch).
  • Condensation ie a moisture coating on the surface of the receiving lens leads to a reflection of the infrared radiation of the second light-emitting diode LS2 on the surface of the water droplets WT sitting on the receiving lens EL, which leads to a reduction in the receiver output signal.
  • the receiving lens can also be a lens-shaped surface of a light guide that directs the incident infrared radiation to the photodiode.
  • the diode current of the second light-emitting diode is only a few percent of the diode current of the first light-emitting diode.
  • the two light transmitters are operated at different times. Because of the low drive power and the special beam alignment of the second light transmitter, the resulting received signal is only dependent on the thickness of the moisture film on the surface of the receiving lens, but not on any smoke particles that may be present in the measuring chamber. In this case, the output signal of the light receiver is therefore a measured value for the air humidity.
  • the microcomputer ⁇ R uses this to determine amplified and and digitized output signal the light receiver the degree of condensation via a linearization table in the read-only memory and stores it as the condensation value or the moisture value.
  • the smoke density measurement value and the moisture measurement value can either be sent periodically to the fire control center Z via the connected primary signal line ML, so that the humidity compensation of the smoke density measurement value is carried out in the control center.
  • the moisture compensation of the smoke density measured value can also take place in the scattered light detector itself, ie in the microcomputer of the scattered light detector.
  • the microcomputer then sends the compensated smoke density measured value from the detector via the connected primary signal line to the fire alarm control panel.
  • the regulation for humidity compensation takes into account the relationship between the humidity and the condensation described above and the uncompensated smoke detector measured value in such a way that the formation of water droplets is recognized and the resulting light reflection does not lead to an increase in the smoke detector measured value.
  • the smoke density measured value is compensated and the compensated smoke density measured value is further processed for alarm generation. This ensures that the scattered light detector detects smoke particles that have penetrated even at high relative atmospheric humidity with an almost constant sensitivity and does not deliver any false alarms when condensation occurs.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
EP94103217A 1993-03-10 1994-03-03 Procédé et dispositif pour la compensation de l'humidité dans un détecteur à dispersion de lumière Expired - Lifetime EP0615218B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4307585 1993-03-10
DE4307585A DE4307585C1 (de) 1993-03-10 1993-03-10 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kompensation der Feuchtigkeit in einem Streulichtmelder

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0615218A1 true EP0615218A1 (fr) 1994-09-14
EP0615218B1 EP0615218B1 (fr) 1996-09-11

Family

ID=6482440

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94103217A Expired - Lifetime EP0615218B1 (fr) 1993-03-10 1994-03-03 Procédé et dispositif pour la compensation de l'humidité dans un détecteur à dispersion de lumière

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0615218B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE142807T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4307585C1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0615218T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2091645T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3021486T3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1596349A1 (fr) * 2004-05-13 2005-11-16 Job Lizenz GmbH & Co. KG Méthode pour la détection et l'annoncer de la condensation dans des détecteurs de fumée
WO2021155920A1 (fr) 2020-02-05 2021-08-12 Durag Gmbh Dispositif de mesure de la lumière diffusée de particules dans un gaz

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5781291A (en) * 1996-10-22 1998-07-14 Pittway Corporation Smoke detectors utilizing a hydrophilic substance
DE19912911C2 (de) * 1999-03-22 2001-07-19 Schako Metallwarenfabrik Vorrichtung zur Erkennung von Rauch
DE102004020489B4 (de) * 2004-04-26 2007-06-28 Minimax Gmbh & Co. Kg Brandmelder für Einsatz in Außenatmosphäre
DE102004032294B4 (de) * 2004-07-03 2012-02-09 Minimax Gmbh & Co. Kg Beheizter Brandmelder
EP4280189A1 (fr) 2022-05-18 2023-11-22 Carrier Corporation Surveillance de la condensation dans un système de détection de fumée aspirée

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH571750A5 (en) * 1974-09-10 1976-01-15 Nohmi Bosai Kogyo Co Ltd Photoelectricccc aerosol or smoke detector - second photo cell receives reflected light from prism surface to compensate for contamination
EP0418410A1 (fr) * 1989-09-19 1991-03-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Méthode et appareil pour compenser l'humidité de l'air dans un détecteur de fumée

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH571750A5 (en) * 1974-09-10 1976-01-15 Nohmi Bosai Kogyo Co Ltd Photoelectricccc aerosol or smoke detector - second photo cell receives reflected light from prism surface to compensate for contamination
EP0418410A1 (fr) * 1989-09-19 1991-03-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Méthode et appareil pour compenser l'humidité de l'air dans un détecteur de fumée

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1596349A1 (fr) * 2004-05-13 2005-11-16 Job Lizenz GmbH & Co. KG Méthode pour la détection et l'annoncer de la condensation dans des détecteurs de fumée
WO2021155920A1 (fr) 2020-02-05 2021-08-12 Durag Gmbh Dispositif de mesure de la lumière diffusée de particules dans un gaz

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK0615218T3 (da) 1996-11-04
ATE142807T1 (de) 1996-09-15
DE59400613D1 (de) 1996-10-17
DE4307585C1 (de) 1994-03-10
ES2091645T3 (es) 1996-11-01
EP0615218B1 (fr) 1996-09-11
GR3021486T3 (en) 1997-01-31

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