EP0620043A2 - Zerkleinerungsapparat für feste Gegenstände - Google Patents

Zerkleinerungsapparat für feste Gegenstände Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0620043A2
EP0620043A2 EP94400773A EP94400773A EP0620043A2 EP 0620043 A2 EP0620043 A2 EP 0620043A2 EP 94400773 A EP94400773 A EP 94400773A EP 94400773 A EP94400773 A EP 94400773A EP 0620043 A2 EP0620043 A2 EP 0620043A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
counter
knives
knife
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94400773A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0620043A3 (de
Inventor
Patrick Jean-Marie Ballu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ecp Group
Original Assignee
Tecnoma SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tecnoma SA filed Critical Tecnoma SA
Publication of EP0620043A2 publication Critical patent/EP0620043A2/de
Publication of EP0620043A3 publication Critical patent/EP0620043A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C18/182—Disc-shaped knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S241/00—Solid material comminution or disintegration
    • Y10S241/30—Rubber elements in mills

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for fragmenting solid objects, and in particular industrial and domestic waste, for recycling.
  • This device comprises a hopper-support with an inlet opening at the top and an outlet opening at the bottom, a rotor, with a horizontal axis, carrying radial knives, and a set of counter-knives, integral with the hopper- support, between which the knives pass when the rotor rotates.
  • These counter-knives are grouped into a comb and a counter-comb, an object driven by the rotor in its rotation successively encountering the comb and then the counter-comb.
  • the active surface of the comb cutters is straight and serrated, that is to say that it has notches which constitute stops which stop the movement of an object to be fragmented.
  • the axial interval between a knife of the rotor and the adjacent counter knives of the comb is relatively large, for example 5 to 10 mm, and this part of the apparatus functions as a grinder, while the axial interval between a rotor knife and the adjacent counter-blades of the counter-comb is much smaller, for example 0.5 to 1 mm, so that this part works in shears, hence the name "shredder -shear "frequently given to this type of device.
  • the device operates at relatively low speeds of rotation of the rotor, for example of the order of 20 revolutions per minute, so that it is not very noisy.
  • a rotation in the opposite direction of about one revolution makes it possible to evacuate it by an auxiliary orifice located beyond the comb, in the normal direction of rotation.
  • the document SU-A-697.186 describes a device for breaking blocks of reinforced concrete, in which these blocks, sliding on a flat support, are struck by a tool driven by a vertical reciprocating movement thanks to an eccentric system. Concrete seems to fall apart under repeated impact and release the reinforcing bars. There is nothing to suggest that these alternative movements can be effective in a device operating by shearing to fragment solid objects which may have a certain flexibility, such as waste, and to prevent jamming.
  • the present invention originates from research for the improvement of existing materials with regard to concerns their efficiency, reducing the loss of time in the presence of an object that is difficult to grind, as well as reducing the risk of jamming and improving the maintenance cost.
  • the device when the return means is a fluid cylinder, the device is equipped with means for vibrating the fluid contained in the fluid cylinder, this cylinder then constituting both a return means and a setting means in vibration of the counter knife.
  • a counter knife is carried by a pivot mounted in a fixed position relative to the support and parallel to the axis of the rotor.
  • the counter-knives can be guided on straight or curved slides, or else return means, formed in particular of springs or blocks of elastomer, could constitute by themselves the guide means.
  • fluid cylinders can be simplified, for example consisting of a projection integral with the counter knife and penetrating into a suitable cavity of the support.
  • the normal position, fixed in advance, of a counter knife is defined by a stop against which the counter knife is pushed by the return means.
  • the counter knives may be common to these rotors, with an active face facing each of them.
  • the active surface of the counter knives has a plurality of teeth capable of retaining an object in the process of fragmentation, to facilitate its shearing by a rotor knife, passing between two adjacent counter knives.
  • this feature is combined here with a shape of the active surface of the counter knife such that the tops of the teeth are located on a curve whose concavity is turned towards the axis of the rotor.
  • the invention brings an appreciable gain if it is provided that the knife holders are mounted separately from each other in a removable manner, by being threaded on a common holding piece consisting of a bar parallel to the axis of the rotor, and, advantageously, that the knife holders are mounted separately from each other in a removable manner, by being threaded on a common holding piece consisting of a bar parallel to the axis of the tree.
  • Figure 1 is a simplified overview, in exploded perspective, of the crusher.
  • Figure 2 is a section along line II-II of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a detail view illustrating a variant of the embodiment of FIG. 2.
  • Figure 4 is a detail view illustrating a variant of the rotor.
  • the apparatus described by way of example comprises a support 1, consisting of two side panels 2, 3, vertical in the whole, connected together by two vertical plates with ends 4, 5.
  • the assembly thus defines a passage vertical, generally rectangular in shape. Inside this passage extends a horizontal rotor shaft 6, mounted for rotation on bearings 7, 8, carried by the end plates 4, 5.
  • One of the end plates 5 further carries a motor drive 9 of the rotor.
  • One of the side panels 3 has a vertical surface in the direction of the rotor, while the other panel 2 has an inclined upper part 10, which gives a hopper shape to the interior passage of the support.
  • a pivot 12, parallel to the axis of the rotor 6, is mounted in holes provided in the end plates 4, 5. Only one of these holes, 12A, is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the pivot 12 can slide at through these holes, for disassembly. It is located towards the lower part of the side panel 2, below the inclined part 10, without projecting into the interior passage of the support. It can be provided that the pivot 12 is immobilized in rotation on its axis, or that it can pivot on itself.
  • the rotor 6 carries a series of knives 13, which are constituted as a thick plate, cut in the general shape of an S, with two active faces whose concavity is turned forward in the direction of rotation symbolized by the arrow 14. L he end of each active face constitutes a tooth directed towards the front.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant where the active face of the rotor 13 has a plurality of teeth 13A.
  • the knives are mounted on the rotor, which passes through them in their central part, without possible rotation.
  • the rotor has a hexagonal section, as well as the central bore of the knife. This allows the use of identical knives, offset from each other by a sixth of a turn.
  • a shape for example grooved, to the rotor, and a shape corresponding to the bore of the knives.
  • the counter knives 15 are interposed between the knives 13.
  • Each counter knife 15 is mainly constituted as a plate of generally triangular shape. It will be observed that, in the example described, the knives and counter-knives are constituted as plates with edges parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the rotor. This provision, which facilitates their obtaining, is not imperative, one can conceive, for example, that the knives decrease in thickness by deviating from the axis of the rotor, or vice versa, and the counter knives have a section adapted to keep constant the axial interval between a knife and the adjacent counter knife.
  • the active face 16 of the counter knife has a concavity facing upwards and towards the axis of the rotor. It has teeth 17, the shape of which is not given with precision, since it closely depends on the nature of the objects to be treated. It will however be observed that these teeth advantageously have a flank turned opposite to the direction of rotation 14 of the rotor, and which makes, with the direction of the objects which strike it, an angle close to 90 °, while the opposite flank of each tooth is on the contrary close to a parallel to the path of the objects entrained by the knives 13.
  • a second side 18 of each triangular plate constituting a counter-knife 15 carries a sleeve 19 directed parallel to the axis of the rotor, and which is crossed by the fixed pivot 12, while allowing the pivoting of the counter knife around this shaft.
  • the connection between the sleeve 19 and the counter knife 15 is ensured by two spacer plates 20, parallel to the plate 15, integral with the latter, and offset with respect to the latter in the axial direction.
  • the counter knife At rest, the counter knife extends from the vicinity of the lower edge of the inclined portion 10 of the side panel 2 to the vicinity of the rotor 6. It deviates a little from the latter under the thrust of an object to fragment.
  • the thickness of the plates 20, and / or the length of the sleeves 19 are calculated to ensure the desired spacing between two adjacent counter knives.
  • This spacing is equal to the thickness of a knife 13, increased by twice the axial clearance provided between a knife and the adjacent counter knife. It will be noted that spacer sleeves 19A are provided, in a similar manner between the knives 13, to establish between them a spacing equal to the thickness of a counter knife, increased by twice the value of the axial clearance provided.
  • the thickness of the knives and the counter knives, as well as the axial clearances, and therefore the spacing between the knives and the successive counter knives, are adaptable according to the nature of the material of the objects to be ground, as well as the shape, dimensions and granulometry both of these objects and of the products that one wishes to obtain.
  • the plates 20 also carry an arm 21, which extends upwards parallel to the side 18, and the extension of which passes substantially through the axis of the pivot 12.
  • the arm 21 carries a stop 22, perpendicular to the arm 21, and whose axis is in the plane of the counter knife 15.
  • This stop 22 enters a closed bottom shell 23, which is fixed to the inclined part 10 of the side panel 2.
  • a mass of elastomer 24 is interposed between the stop 22 and a support plate 25 located in the vicinity of the bottom of the shell 23.
  • An adjustment screw 26 makes it possible to move the support plate 25 more or less away from the bottom of the shell.
  • the adjusting screw 26 is mounted in the arm 21, to act on the stop 22. This arrangement allows easier access to the screw 21.
  • the support plate 25 can then be removed, the mass of elastomer 22 then coming to bear against the bottom of the shell 23.
  • the amplitude of the oscillations can be varied.
  • the frequency of this can be modified, at equal amplitude, by changing the mass of elastomer 24.
  • a stop 27 limits the amplitude of the pivoting in the opposite direction of the counter knife, it prevents the latter from coming into contact with the rotor and defines its normal position.
  • the arm 21 carries a projection 30, forming a piston, which penetrates into a cylinder 31, connected to a vibratory source 32 of pressurized fluid, such as oil, and to an accumulator of gas pressure 33.
  • the fluid keeps the counter knife in a state of forced oscillation, while when an object to be fragmented rotates the counter knife on the pivot 12, the presence of the accumulator 33 causes the cylinder 31 acts as an elastic reminder.
  • the return means 20 to 26, 30, 31 are located before the pivot 12, in the direction of rotation of the rotor 13, indicated by the arrow 14.
  • the return means are arranged to oppose a pivoting of the counter-knife resulting from the passage of an object to be ground.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
EP94400773A 1993-04-16 1994-04-11 Zerkleinerungsapparat für feste Gegenstände. Withdrawn EP0620043A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9304526 1993-04-16
FR9304526A FR2703928B1 (fr) 1993-04-16 1993-04-16 Appareil pour fragmenter des objets solides.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0620043A2 true EP0620043A2 (de) 1994-10-19
EP0620043A3 EP0620043A3 (de) 1995-03-29

Family

ID=9446156

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94400773A Withdrawn EP0620043A3 (de) 1993-04-16 1994-04-11 Zerkleinerungsapparat für feste Gegenstände.

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5454522A (de)
EP (1) EP0620043A3 (de)
JP (1) JP2666177B2 (de)
FR (1) FR2703928B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19752538C1 (de) * 1997-11-27 1999-01-14 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Schlackenbrecher
US6729566B2 (en) * 2001-04-17 2004-05-04 American Pulverizer Co., Mo. Corp. Multi-sided shaft for a crusher
DE10204772A1 (de) * 2002-02-05 2003-08-21 Tbe Habermehl Anlagenbau Gmbh Schneidwerk, insbesondere zur Zerkleinerung von Spänen
EP1497032B1 (de) * 2002-03-25 2006-05-10 Alpinit Patentverwertungs-Anstalt Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung
JP3936268B2 (ja) * 2002-09-19 2007-06-27 株式会社松井製作所 細断機
DE10247281B3 (de) * 2002-10-10 2004-03-04 Metso Lindemann Gmbh Zerkleinerungsmaschine für Material beliebiger Art, z.B. Abfall oder Holz
US7832670B2 (en) * 2004-03-19 2010-11-16 Astec Industries, Inc. Material reducing apparatus
US7090157B2 (en) * 2004-03-19 2006-08-15 Peterson Pacific Corp. Material reducing apparatus
JP4914013B2 (ja) * 2005-03-03 2012-04-11 伝導工業株式会社 プラスチックボトル破砕機及びプラスチックボトル破砕方法
KR100837304B1 (ko) 2007-09-10 2008-06-12 재경산업 주식회사 파쇄 칼날
SE532784C2 (sv) * 2008-07-09 2010-04-06 Rapid Granulator Ab Kvarnhus samt förfarande för montering och demontering av en kniv i detta.
JP2014065089A (ja) * 2012-09-24 2014-04-17 Aisin Ai Co Ltd 切り粉破砕装置、切り粉破砕刃、並びに前記切り粉破砕装置における切り粉破砕データ収集方法
US9925541B2 (en) 2013-09-18 2018-03-27 American Pulverizer Company Pretensioning cable assembly for securing a crusher/shredder rotor intact upon its shaft
KR101703145B1 (ko) * 2015-09-11 2017-02-06 (주)헬퍼로보텍 압축상토블록 파쇄 및 공급장치
KR102328789B1 (ko) * 2021-03-31 2021-11-18 주식회사 에코프라임 페트병 전용 분쇄기
CN118142660B (zh) * 2024-05-09 2024-07-05 兰州理工大学 一种中药材粉碎研磨机

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US1524675A (en) * 1924-03-22 1925-02-03 Marion Machine Foundry & Suppl Crusher
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GB1095654A (en) * 1964-04-07 1967-12-20 Coal Industry Patents Ltd Rotary crushers
US3703970A (en) * 1971-02-23 1972-11-28 Benson Ind Ltd Apparatus for treating waste material
GB1372776A (en) * 1972-08-25 1974-11-06 Rose Downs & Thompson Ltd Lump breaker
FR2233470A1 (en) * 1973-06-18 1975-01-10 Testut Aequitas Large scale waste disposal unit - has cooperating blades on rotary cylinder and pivoting door within duct
FR2247286B1 (de) * 1973-10-15 1977-03-11 Maillet Edgard
FR2254371A1 (en) * 1973-12-14 1975-07-11 Artesienne Const Mec Refuse comminuter with helical set of blades - has refuse forced through narrow gap between combs beneath blades
DE2436337C2 (de) * 1974-07-27 1984-11-08 Hazemag Dr. E. Andreas GmbH & Co, 4400 Münster Prallmühle mit schwenkbar gelagertem Prall- oder Mahlwerk
CA1035657A (en) * 1976-01-23 1978-08-01 Carl H. Kersey Independently mounted thresher cutters
SU697186A1 (ru) * 1977-07-27 1979-11-15 Специальное Конструкторское Бюро Треста "Ленинградоргстрой" Ордена Ленина Главленинградстроя Установка дл разрушени железобетонных изделий
DE2916513A1 (de) * 1979-04-24 1980-11-06 Ibag Vertrieb Gmbh Zerkleinerungsmaschine
GB2061128B (en) * 1979-10-20 1983-08-10 Ofrex Group Ltd Document shredding machines
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH06320036A (ja) 1994-11-22
FR2703928B1 (fr) 1995-06-23
JP2666177B2 (ja) 1997-10-22
EP0620043A3 (de) 1995-03-29
FR2703928A1 (fr) 1994-10-21
US5454522A (en) 1995-10-03

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