EP0633447A1 - Tarnungsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Tarnungsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0633447A1
EP0633447A1 EP94401566A EP94401566A EP0633447A1 EP 0633447 A1 EP0633447 A1 EP 0633447A1 EP 94401566 A EP94401566 A EP 94401566A EP 94401566 A EP94401566 A EP 94401566A EP 0633447 A1 EP0633447 A1 EP 0633447A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
camouflage
envelope
layer
vehicle
infrared
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94401566A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Maurice Bilheur
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Direction General de lArmement DGA
Gouvernement de la Republique Francaise
Original Assignee
Delegation Generale pour lArmement
Gouvernement de la Republique Francaise
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delegation Generale pour lArmement, Gouvernement de la Republique Francaise filed Critical Delegation Generale pour lArmement
Publication of EP0633447A1 publication Critical patent/EP0633447A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
    • F41H3/02—Flexible, e.g. fabric covers, e.g. screens, nets characterised by their material or structure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for camouflaging an object, in particular a vehicle, by means of a multilayer camouflage envelope.
  • the most common detection and observation techniques are techniques that use radar, infrared, or visible waves.
  • Camouflage in the field of radar waves is therefore generally obtained by modifying their external shape, and in particular by masking the angles, dihedral or trihedra, of the surface to be camouflaged. This is achieved to date by giving a particular form to the object, during its construction. This is not always possible for objects having forms imposed by their functions. It is essential that the camouflage device does not interfere with the functions of the object to be concealed.
  • the camouflage of an object in the infrared wave domain is carried out by limiting the heat emissions to the outside of the object.
  • the camouflage in the visible wave range is obtained by using variegated paints which lower the contrast with the external environment.
  • a device for camouflaging an object is effective in the fields of infrared, radar, and visible waves, that is to say that it is multispectral.
  • the device of camouflage when the object to be concealed is used under severe conditions, which is the case when it is a military vehicle, the device of camouflage must be resistant, of an easy and integral implementation of the camouflaged object.
  • camouflage devices such as camouflage nets, but interfering with the functions of the camouflaged object. They are effective insofar as they are placed precisely on the object to be concealed, but are difficult to implement.
  • Patent FR 2 434 359 describes an envelope for multispectral camouflage of objects or installations in several domains of the spectrum comprising in combination a thermal insulating layer, a layer with diffuse reflection and a metallic net or of particles of carbon producing an effect of deception by increasing the reflection of radar waves.
  • this camouflage envelope modifies the image of the detected object but does not suppress its detection.
  • the laying constraints are not removed, which makes it unusable for concealing military vehicles.
  • Patent WO-A-87 03082 discloses a multilayer camouflage envelope comprising successively, located from the object to be camouflaged, a first layer made of plastic or metal sheets to reflect the infrared waves towards the camouflaged object and radar waves to the outside, a second layer of the same constitution and used for the same purposes, and a third substrate layer or plastic reinforcement layer on which are woven optionally metallized nylon fibers, effective in the field of visible, infrared and radar waves. It has the same drawbacks.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a device for multispectral camouflage of an object, in particular of a vehicle, effective in the fields of visible waves, infrared and radar, and which can be left permanently on the object to be concealed. .
  • the subject of the present invention is a device for camouflaging an object, in particular a vehicle, of the type comprising a multilayer camouflage envelope, effective in the field of visible, infrared and radar waves, characterized in what the camouflage envelope contains, superimposed successively from the camouflaged object: at least a first insulating layer, at least one second metallized layer for reflecting on the one hand the infrared waves towards the object, and on the other hand the radar waves towards the outside, at least a third plastic layer, at least a fourth outer layer consisting of a leaf net.
  • the invention also relates to such a camouflage device further characterized in that the envelope has a shape which, in cooperation with the metallized layer, makes it possible to modify the direction of the reflected radar waves. It thus makes it possible to hide the dihedrons present on the object to be concealed.
  • Another object of the invention is a camouflage device as above, further characterized in that the camouflage envelope comprises at least one orifice for heat exchange between the moving object and the exterior, and in that it comprises at least one orifice for heat exchange between the static object and the exterior.
  • a camouflage device comprises shims fixed to the object or integrated into the envelope to position it It can also include hoops fixed on the object to fix and position the envelope on the object.
  • This device is therefore particularly suitable for camouflaging military vehicles whose infrared emissions are high, and which are used in sometimes severe conditions.
  • This device easy to implement, can also be left permanently on the vehicle to be concealed, stopped and in motion. It also makes it possible to limit the solar radiation on the external surface of the object, which therefore lowers its internal temperature, and therefore reduces the stresses imposed on instruments, personnel and ammunition. This is very appreciable for a military vehicle of the tank type used in regions with strong sunshine.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a camouflage casing of a camouflage device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a side view of a military vehicle equipped with such a device.
  • the camouflage casing of a multispectral camouflage device shown in FIG. 1 generally comprises successively a first insulating layer 1, a second metallized layer 2, a third plastic layer 3, and a fourth layer consisting of a leaf net 4 assembled using traditional techniques.
  • the infrared waves, emitted by the hot parts of a vehicle to be concealed, are isolated by the insulating layer 1, which according to this embodiment, consists of glass fibers.
  • the residual infrared waves which pass through the layer 1 are reflected by the internal face of the metallized layer 2.
  • the detection of the infrared waves emitted by the hot parts concealed by means of this camouflage envelope is not possible. .
  • the concealment of the vehicle in the field of radar waves is ensured by the metallized layer 2, which reflects the waves emitted by a detection device, towards a zone determined to be less likely to be threatening.
  • the metallized layer 2 which reflects the waves emitted by a detection device, towards a zone determined to be less likely to be threatening.
  • the camouflage in the visible wave area is provided by the plastic layer 3, which according to this embodiment is made of polyvinyl chloride.
  • This layer is variegated in color, so as to lower the contrast of the envelope with respect to the external environment.
  • the color of this layer 3 is chosen according to the environment in which the vehicle will operate.
  • a leaf net 4 On this polyvinyl chloride layer is placed a leaf net 4. This net consists of leaves which isolate layer 3 from solar radiation. Thus, the temperature of the surface of this layer 3, and therefore the temperature of the concealed vehicle, is lowered.
  • the thickness of the sheets is such that the amount of heat stored by solar radiation is low and their cooling is rapid.
  • the leaf net 4 can be produced in a known manner in a material absorbing radar waves. It therefore cooperates with the layer metallic to conceal the vehicle from radar radiation.
  • An essential element of the combination is the existence and the usefulness of a fourth outer layer 4, made up of a net of leaves.
  • This fourth layer which rests on the plastic layer, cooperates with the latter, with the metallized layer and indirectly with the insulating layer.1 Consequently, the first three layers benefit from the presence of the outer layer 4, i.e. leaf net.
  • this leaf net 4 cooperates with the layer 3, by isolating from solar radiation, the lowering of the temperature of the surface of this layer resulting in cooling of the camouflaged object. Consequently, the leafy net also cooperates with layer 1, since cooling the camouflaged object implies a reduction in heat emissions towards the exterior of this object, therefore infrared waves on the surface of the layer. 1.
  • the leaf net 4 also cooperates with the metallized layer 2, since together with this layer, it absorbs and / or reflects the radar waves towards the outside of the object.
  • the plastic layer 3 only fulfills the following function: this layer, variegated so as to lower the contrast of the envelope with respect to the external environment, ensures the camouflage of the object in the visible wave domain.
  • the military vehicle shown in Figure 2 is equipped with the camouflage device shown in Figure 1.
  • This vehicle has characteristic shapes which are imposed by its functions. Its camouflage in the field of radar waves is achieved, by means of the camouflage envelope, by reflecting the waves emitted by devices of detection, such as those equipping missiles, in areas that are known to be non-threatening.
  • the camouflage envelope has several parts, each having a particular shape, obtained by forming.
  • the infrared waves emitted by the hot parts of this vehicle, in particular the engine, are reflected towards the vehicle by the camouflage envelope.
  • the shims 5 define a space between the vehicle and the envelope and therefore allow air circulation.
  • the fresh air inlet orifices 61 situated at the lower ends of the two parts 71 and 72 of the envelope, as well as the space between the envelope and the vehicle, which is determined by the height of the shims 5, a few centimeters for example, allow the evacuation of a quantity of heat to the outside, at places specifically chosen to ensure discretion in thermal infrared.
  • camouflage envelope lowers the surface temperature of the vehicle, and therefore, similarly lowers the internal temperature of the vehicle. Equipment and personnel are thus less used.
  • the camouflage envelope is produced in two parts 71 and 72, the first covering the upper part of the vehicle, in this case the turret, and the second covering the rest of the vehicle.
  • the envelope made to measure is perfectly adapted to the vehicle to be protected. Tests have shown that under maximum sunshine conditions the external temperature of the vehicle can thus be lowered significantly, and therefore that the internal temperature of the vehicle can also be lowered by an equivalent amount, which then makes it possible to use of a low-power air conditioner, which is impossible when the internal temperature of the vehicle is too high.
  • the wedges are preferably made of a plastic material, capable of deforming to return to its initial shape, in order to support the weight of a person when the vehicle entrance is located at the top.
  • the camouflage envelope is fixed to the vehicle by means of arches 8, the shape of which is adapted to that of the vehicle, according to the structural constraints of the vehicle, and depending of the direction in which the radar waves must be reflected to ensure effective concealment.
  • the hoops are preferably deformable under the weight of a man, in order to protect the envelope during the passage of this person.
  • the fastening devices are positioned so as to adapt perfectly to the vehicle and ensure sufficient grip for driving.
  • the shims used to hold the envelope can also be made from a rigid non-elastic material, as can the third layer of plastic, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
EP94401566A 1993-07-09 1994-07-07 Tarnungsvorrichtung Withdrawn EP0633447A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9308462 1993-07-09
FR9308462A FR2707385B1 (fr) 1993-07-09 1993-07-09 Dispositif de camouflage.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0633447A1 true EP0633447A1 (de) 1995-01-11

Family

ID=9449103

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94401566A Withdrawn EP0633447A1 (de) 1993-07-09 1994-07-07 Tarnungsvorrichtung

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0633447A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2707385B1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2744515A1 (fr) * 1996-02-02 1997-08-08 Hutchinson Ecran de protection thermique pour un corps solide situe dans un milieu ambiant de faible densite
FR2761407A1 (fr) * 1997-03-28 1998-10-02 Zodiac Int Dispositif de dissimulation thermique d'une source de rayonnements infrarouges, notamment d'un moteur a combustion interne de vehicule
EP1102027A3 (de) * 1999-11-19 2002-06-12 DORNIER GmbH Infrarot-Tarnvorrichtung
CN112762767A (zh) * 2021-01-15 2021-05-07 宁波曙翔新材料股份有限公司 一种开合式隐身防护装置和地面站隐身防护装置
DE102024002749A1 (de) 2024-05-02 2025-11-06 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Tarnvorrichtung zur Veränderung der thermischen Abstrahlungscharakteristik von Oberflächenstrukturen

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2434359A1 (fr) * 1978-07-28 1980-03-21 Gottlieb Commercial Tapis de camouflage multispectral d'objets ou d'installations
GB1605187A (en) * 1977-11-15 1983-03-02 Pusch G Camouflage materials
EP0114154A2 (de) * 1983-01-14 1984-07-25 Diab-Barracuda Ab Wärmetarnung
WO1987003082A1 (en) * 1985-11-12 1987-05-21 Jorgen Birch Broad spectrum camouflage mat and screen
WO1989003971A1 (en) * 1987-10-28 1989-05-05 Diab-Barracuda Ab A camouflage covering
EP0468173A1 (de) * 1990-07-21 1992-01-29 C.F. PLOUCQUET GmbH & Co. Tarnnetz

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1605187A (en) * 1977-11-15 1983-03-02 Pusch G Camouflage materials
FR2434359A1 (fr) * 1978-07-28 1980-03-21 Gottlieb Commercial Tapis de camouflage multispectral d'objets ou d'installations
EP0114154A2 (de) * 1983-01-14 1984-07-25 Diab-Barracuda Ab Wärmetarnung
WO1987003082A1 (en) * 1985-11-12 1987-05-21 Jorgen Birch Broad spectrum camouflage mat and screen
WO1989003971A1 (en) * 1987-10-28 1989-05-05 Diab-Barracuda Ab A camouflage covering
EP0468173A1 (de) * 1990-07-21 1992-01-29 C.F. PLOUCQUET GmbH & Co. Tarnnetz

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2744515A1 (fr) * 1996-02-02 1997-08-08 Hutchinson Ecran de protection thermique pour un corps solide situe dans un milieu ambiant de faible densite
FR2761407A1 (fr) * 1997-03-28 1998-10-02 Zodiac Int Dispositif de dissimulation thermique d'une source de rayonnements infrarouges, notamment d'un moteur a combustion interne de vehicule
ES2149683A1 (es) * 1997-03-28 2000-11-01 Zodiac International S A Dispositivo para la ocultacion termica de una fuente de rayos infrarrojos, en especial de un motor de combustion interna para vehiculos.
EP1102027A3 (de) * 1999-11-19 2002-06-12 DORNIER GmbH Infrarot-Tarnvorrichtung
US6613420B1 (en) 1999-11-19 2003-09-02 Dornier Gmbh Infrared camouflage device
CN112762767A (zh) * 2021-01-15 2021-05-07 宁波曙翔新材料股份有限公司 一种开合式隐身防护装置和地面站隐身防护装置
DE102024002749A1 (de) 2024-05-02 2025-11-06 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Tarnvorrichtung zur Veränderung der thermischen Abstrahlungscharakteristik von Oberflächenstrukturen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2707385A1 (fr) 1995-01-13
FR2707385B1 (fr) 1995-08-25

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