EP0644567B1 - Gasisolierter Hochspannungsschalter mit rotierendem Lichtbogen - Google Patents

Gasisolierter Hochspannungsschalter mit rotierendem Lichtbogen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0644567B1
EP0644567B1 EP19940410076 EP94410076A EP0644567B1 EP 0644567 B1 EP0644567 B1 EP 0644567B1 EP 19940410076 EP19940410076 EP 19940410076 EP 94410076 A EP94410076 A EP 94410076A EP 0644567 B1 EP0644567 B1 EP 0644567B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rings
rotating arc
switch according
gas
cooling means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19940410076
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0644567A1 (de
Inventor
Michel Barrault
Georges Bernard
Jean-Claude Faye
Paul Glenat
Pierre Leclercq
Joseph Maffoul
Stephen Rowe
Denis Raphard
Raymond Soboul
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric SE filed Critical Schneider Electric SE
Publication of EP0644567A1 publication Critical patent/EP0644567A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0644567B1 publication Critical patent/EP0644567B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/08—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H33/10—Metal parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow
    • H01H33/982—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow in which the pressure-generating arc is rotated by a magnetic field

Definitions

  • Document FR-A-2 371 762 describes a rotary arc switch of the kind mentioned comprising rings (8) which are used to cool the electric arc and to produce a rolling effect some gas.
  • These rings each have the shape of a flat washer whose internal diameter or diameter of the central hole is slightly greater than an outside diameter of a part flared from the movable contact (11), so that the gas produced in the cut is forced to pass longitudinally in the space between the diameter outside of the movable contact and the inside diameter of the central hole of each ring (8), hence a gas rolling effect.
  • the arc electric substantially follows the inner edge of the rings and it follows that the rings are used to cool the arc but the ionized gas produced is not sufficient cooled. The breaking capacity of such a circuit breaker is limited.
  • the document EP-A-0 064 425 describes a rotary arc switch in which, inside an arc extinguishing chamber, a wall (44) is provided which is shaped cylindrical socket and which is concentrically housed in the extinguishing chamber arc which has a substantially annular shape, this wall (44) having the function of guide the gas flow so as to make it undergo a circulatory movement at the interior of the arc extinguishing chamber to improve the extinguishing function arc obtained by this circulation of gas.
  • This wall (44) consists of a single part, and therefore has only two opposite cylindrical surfaces in contact with the gas, these opposite surfaces being situated substantially along the central axis longitudinal of the switch and not offering a gas contact surface large enough to cause significant cooling of this gas.
  • post-arc currents This well-known phenomenon occurs when the classic switch works in order to cut a current whose intensity is close to the maximum admissible current for this switch, for example, for a high voltage installation, maximum admissible current equal to 30 kA.
  • These currents post-arc are electric currents that can last for several tens of milliseconds after opening the electrical contacts, without these currents does not cause a failure to cut. These currents are then called “post-recovery currents”.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a high switch rotating arc retention to obtain increased breaking capacity without increased dimensions of the switch.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide such a switch can further maintain its improved performance while reducing dimensions of the switch.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide such a switch also allowing to prevent the occurrence of "post-recovery currents" when the switch operates so as to cut off an electric current whose intensity is close to the maximum admissible value for this switch.
  • the switch according to the invention is characterized in that fixing means secure the cooling means to a rigid part of the switch, which each said rings is in the general form of a substantially planar plate and thin disc-shaped with a central hole whose diameter is greater than the most large external diameter of the movable contact, that the rings are arranged so as to surround the movable contact while being substantially centered on the longitudinal central axis of said switch, and that the maximum distance of spacing between the fixed contacts and mobile is equal to or less than the sum of the minimum distance between said means of cooling and the fixed contact and the minimum distance between said means of cooling and the movable contact fully open.
  • FIG 1 we distinguish the essential parts constituting a switch high voltage rotating arc 1 which can be used, for example, in circuit breakers high tension.
  • This switch 1 is designed so as to include certain improvements, which will be described later, which make it possible to give the switch a power of break greater than 30 kA, while reducing the dimensions of the switch.
  • Such switch can for example be easily designed so that it can perform current cuts of the order of 40 to 50 kA, without inducing post-arc current.
  • the switch 1 is isolated by an insulating gas with high dielectric strength, in particular sulfur hexafluoride and comprises a fixed contact 2, a movable contact 3, a sealed envelope 4 which forms inside a cutting chamber 5 surrounding the fixed 2 and mobile 3 contacts, as well as a device 6 for rotating the electric arc.
  • the arc rotation device 6 comprises a fixed annular electrode arranged around the fixed contact 2 and which is connected to the latter by a coil 7.
  • the movable contact 3 is shown in its closed position of the switch in the upper part of the figure and in its switch open position in the lower part of the figure.
  • the mobile contact 3 is in the form general of a hollow tube 8 which is centered on the longitudinal central axis 9 of the switch 1.
  • the movable contact 3 moves back and forth along this longitudinal central axis 9.
  • the fixed contact 2 is in the general form of a ring and the movable contact 3 is also in the general form of a ring of appreciably diameter identical.
  • a set of connecting pieces 10, 11, 12 connects fixedly and seals the fixed contact 2 and the movable contact 3 to the waterproof envelope 4.
  • the fixed contact 2 is connected to a terminal or an external electrical connection part 13 and the contact mobile 3 is integral with a mechanical actuating device (not shown) for controlling its longitudinal reciprocating movement, and is connected electrically to a terminal or an electrical connection part (not shown).
  • Parts 10, 11, 12, 13 as well as the other parts mentioned above and not shown in Figure 1 can be of a conventional design very well known for a such a high voltage rotary arc switch 1, and these parts are therefore not described in more detail here.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide inside the chamber cut-off 5 a gas cooling device 14 which has several functions but whose essential function is to cause rapid cooling of the cut-off heated during the formation of the electric arc.
  • the cooling device gas 14 is in the form of a rigid assembly having an annular part fixed inside the interrupting chamber 5 centered on the central axis longitudinal 9 of the switch 1.
  • the sealed envelope 4 has a cylindrical shape so that the interrupting chamber 5 delimited towards the outside by the internal wall of the waterproof envelope 4 and inwards by the external wall of the tube 8 for supporting the movable contact 3, is a chamber having an annular shape.
  • the gas cooling device 14 is constituted by a plurality rings 15, each ring 15 being in the form of a washer substantially flat, that is to say that each ring 15 has a circular external rim 16 and a central hole limited by an internal rim 17.
  • the rings 15 are preferably arranged parallel to each other and are spaced from each other by a distance constant or variable, so that the rings 15 constitute between them a plurality of annular passages 18 which extend substantially radially with respect to the longitudinal central axis 9 of the switch 1.
  • the rings 15 can be maintained in place in the position described above using support pieces 19 which are used to connect the rings 15 to a rigid part 11 of the switch 1.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown only one of these support parts 19, which comprises a threaded rod whose left end is anchored to the connecting piece 11 and which extends substantially longitudinally to the interior of the interrupting chamber 5.
  • the rings 15 have holes made in correspondence with the support pieces 19 and the rings 15 are arranged in a way stacked on the support parts 19 which pass through the holes of the rings 15.
  • Spacers 20 are arranged between each adjacent ring 15 so as to ensure the spacing of the rings 15 with each other, this spacing making it possible to constitute the different annular spaces 18 described above.
  • the operation of the gas cooling device 14 is as follows:
  • the gas cooling device 14 includes a central hole with a diameter larger than the external diameter of the contact mobile 3.
  • the ring 15A which is located closest to the mobile contact 2 is disposed at a relatively small longitudinal distance from fixed contact 2 and the distance between its internal rim 17 and the external rim of the fixed contact 2 is indicated in FIG. 1 by the reference D1.
  • the ring 15B located opposite to the ring 15A is located either substantially in line with the movable contact 3 when the latter is in the open position, either further back from the movable contact 3 when the latter is in position as shown in the lower part of Figure 1.
  • one of the rings 15 located in an intermediate position between the end rings 15A and 15B constitutes the ring whose internal rim 17 is located closest to the external rim of the movable contact 3 in the open position and the distance which thus separates this internal rim 17 and the outer edge of the movable contact 3 defines a distance D2 which is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the distance which separates the movable contact 3 from the fixed contact 2 is a distance C.
  • the arrangement of the gas cooling device 14 in the switching chamber 15 is chosen so that the sum of the distances D1 and D2 is substantially equal or greater than distance C.
  • FIG. 2 represents an alternative embodiment of the device for gas cooling 14 according to the present invention.
  • the rings 15 are thicker, are fewer in number, for example three, but are made of a gas permeable metallic material, for example a porous metallic material or a metallic material constituted by agglomerated balls or by sintered particles. It follows from this that the contact surface between the gas and the metallic material is significantly increased, which increases the heat exchange between the gas and the rings 15 in order to cool the gas more efficiently.
  • FIG. 3 represents another variant of the device for cooling the gas 14.
  • a cylindrical annular part 20 which is spaced from the outer edges 16 of the rings 15 and which is made of a porous metallic material.
  • FIG 4 shows yet another alternative embodiment of the gas cooling 14 according to the present invention.
  • the rings 15 have a general form of planar plate, as above, but also include similar undulations for each ring which have the consequence that, when the rings are stacked, the annular space 18 located between each adjacent ring is a space which constitutes a non-rectilinear path but a zigzag path because this space constitutes baffles. This causes some turbulence in the gas which passes through the annular spaces 18, which further increases the heat exchange between the gas and the rings 15 in order to cool the gas even more effectively.
  • the stacking of metal sheets or rings 15 of the gas cooling device 14 is fixed directly to the front part 30 of the coil 7 by means of bolts 32 (one of which is visible in Figure 5).
  • Coil 7 is formed by a succession of turns 34 connected in series, and assembled one against the other the other by means of screws 36, which extend parallel to the bolts 32.
  • the coil 34 upper coil 7 is in contact with a current supply range 37 connected to the upper terminal 38 of the circuit breaker.
  • the sheets 15 of the gas cooling device are electrically isolated from the coil 7 by means of isolation comprising in particular an insulating sleeve 40 crossed by each bolt 32. According to a variant devoid of isolation means, the sheets 15 of the cooling device are at the potential of the coil.
  • the rings 15 are made of a metallic material but also of an insulating material.
  • the rings 15 are made of an electrically conductive material, provision may be made for slots 30 (see Figure 1A) formed in these rings to avoid or limit the appearance of eddy currents which can be induced in the rings 15 by the presence of the coil 7 of the device for rotating the arc 6.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Drehlichtbogenschalter mit einem Isoliergas hoher dielektrischer Festigkeit, der
    einen feststehenden Kontakt (2) sowie einen beweglichen Kontakt (3),
    ein gasdichtes Gehäuse (4), das mit dem genannten Gas gefüllt ist und eine, den feststehenden sowie den beweglichen Kontakt umgebende Lichtbogenlöschkammer (5) bildet,
    eine Anordnung (6) mit einer Spule (7), um den Lichtbogen auf dem feststehenden Kontakt in Drehung zu versetzen,
    sowie eine, in der Lichtbogenlöschkammer angeordnete Kühlvorrichtung (14) mit mehreren Flachringen (15) oder Blechen umfaßt, die zur Bildung von aufeinanderfolgenden Ringzwischenräumen (18) annähernd parallel sowie in einem bestimmten Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühlvorrichtung (14) mittels Befestigungsmitteln fest mit einem biegesteifen Teil des Schalters verbunden ist, daß jeder der genannten Ringe (15) im wesentlichen als annähernd flache und dünne, scheibenförmige Platte mit einer Mittelöffnung ausgebildet ist, deren Durchmesser größer ist als der größte Außendurchmesser des beweglichen Kontakts (3), daß die Ringe annähernd konzentrisch zur Mittellängsachse (9) des genannten Schalters um den beweglichen Kontakt herumgeführt sind und daß der Maximalabstand (C) zwischen dem feststehenden und dem beweglichen Kontakt kleiner oder gleich der Summe aus dem Mindestabstand (D1) zwischen der genannten Kühlvorrichtung und dem feststehenden Kontakt einerseits und dem Mindestabstand (D2) zwischen der genannten Kühlvorrichtung und dem vollständig geöffneten beweglichen Kontakt andererseits ist.
  2. Drehlichtbogenschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühlvorrichtung (14) an der Stirnseite (30) der Spule (7) befestigt ist.
  3. Drehlichtbogenschalter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannten Ringe (15) in annähernd flachen Blechen ausgebildet sind.
  4. Drehlichtbogenschalter nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bleche (15) der Kühlvorrichtung durch Isoliermittel, die eine um jeden Gewindebolzen (32) geführte Isolierstoffhülse (40) umfassen, elektrisch von der Spule (7) isoliert sind.
  5. Drehlichtbogenschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannten Ringe (15) in annähernd flachen Isolierblechen ausgebildet sind.
  6. Drehlichtbogenschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannten Ringe (15) in Platten aus einem porösen Material ausgebildet sind.
  7. Drehlichtbogenschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannten Ringe (15) in annähernd flachen, mit Wülsten versehenen Blechen ausgebildet sind.
  8. Drehlichtbogenschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in einem gewissen Abstand vom Außenrand (16) der Ringe ein äußeres, ringförmiges Zylinderteil (20) um die genannten Ringe geführt ist.
  9. Drehlichtbogenschalter nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannten Metallringe (15) mindestens einen Radialschlitz (30) aufweisen.
EP19940410076 1993-09-20 1994-09-15 Gasisolierter Hochspannungsschalter mit rotierendem Lichtbogen Expired - Lifetime EP0644567B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9311255 1993-09-20
FR9311255A FR2710452B1 (fr) 1993-09-20 1993-09-20 Interrupteur haute tension à arc tournant.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0644567A1 EP0644567A1 (de) 1995-03-22
EP0644567B1 true EP0644567B1 (de) 1999-07-28

Family

ID=9451094

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19940410076 Expired - Lifetime EP0644567B1 (de) 1993-09-20 1994-09-15 Gasisolierter Hochspannungsschalter mit rotierendem Lichtbogen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0644567B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69419681T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2136182T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2710452B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100536054C (zh) * 2007-06-08 2009-09-02 华中科技大学 旋转电弧脉冲功率开关

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2739972B1 (fr) * 1995-10-16 1997-12-05 Schneider Electric Sa Disjoncteur electrique a gaz isolant et a autoexpansion
DE102014101687A1 (de) * 2014-02-11 2015-08-13 Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Schaltgerät zum polaritätsunabhängigen Schalten von Gleichstrom

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE822691C (de) * 1949-03-15 1951-11-26 Fabriek Van Electrische App N Wechselstromschalter, insbesondere fuer hohe Stromstaerken
FR1100959A (fr) * 1954-03-10 1955-09-27 Gardy Particip App Procédé et dispositif de coupure d'arc électrique et leurs applications
GB776748A (en) * 1954-03-16 1957-06-12 Reyrolle A & Co Ltd Improvements relating to high-voltage air-break circuit-breakers
US3555224A (en) * 1968-12-23 1971-01-12 Gen Electric Arc chute for an air circuit breaker
FR2371762A1 (fr) * 1976-11-18 1978-06-16 Cem Comp Electro Mec Appareil electrique de coupure a haute tension, notamment un disjonct a auto-soufflage de l'arc electrique de coupure par un gaz
FR2461349A1 (fr) * 1979-07-12 1981-01-30 Merlin Gerin Chambre de coupure perfectionnee pour disjoncteur basse tension multipolaire a boitier moule
JPS57170233U (de) * 1981-04-20 1982-10-26
JPS59144726U (ja) * 1983-03-15 1984-09-27 日新電機株式会社 ガスしや断器

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100536054C (zh) * 2007-06-08 2009-09-02 华中科技大学 旋转电弧脉冲功率开关

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2710452A1 (fr) 1995-03-31
DE69419681T2 (de) 2000-04-06
ES2136182T3 (es) 1999-11-16
FR2710452B1 (fr) 1995-11-24
EP0644567A1 (de) 1995-03-22
DE69419681D1 (de) 1999-09-02

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