EP0645799A1 - Utilisation de l'argent pour contrôler le niveau d'iode des lampes à décharge à haute intensité sans électrodes - Google Patents
Utilisation de l'argent pour contrôler le niveau d'iode des lampes à décharge à haute intensité sans électrodes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0645799A1 EP0645799A1 EP94306479A EP94306479A EP0645799A1 EP 0645799 A1 EP0645799 A1 EP 0645799A1 EP 94306479 A EP94306479 A EP 94306479A EP 94306479 A EP94306479 A EP 94306479A EP 0645799 A1 EP0645799 A1 EP 0645799A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- iodide
- silver
- fill
- iodine
- high intensity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- DKSXWSAKLYQPQE-UHFFFAOYSA-K neodymium(3+);triiodide Chemical compound I[Nd](I)I DKSXWSAKLYQPQE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- ZEDZJUDTPVFRNB-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);triiodide Chemical compound I[Ce](I)I ZEDZJUDTPVFRNB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001511 metal iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KYKBXWMMXCGRBA-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(3+);triiodide Chemical compound I[La](I)I KYKBXWMMXCGRBA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium iodide Chemical compound [I-].[Cs+] XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Chemical compound [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001516 alkali metal iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- -1 rare earth metal iodides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910021612 Silver iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- VFWRGKJLLYDFBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ag].[Ag] VFWRGKJLLYDFBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910016859 Lanthanum iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004847 absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J65/00—Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
- H01J65/04—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels
- H01J65/042—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field
- H01J65/048—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field the field being produced by using an excitation coil
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
- H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/24—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
- H01J61/26—Means for absorbing or adsorbing gas, e.g. by gettering; Means for preventing blackening of the envelope
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
- H01J61/827—Metal halide arc lamps
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to high intensity metal halide discharge lamps and, more particularly, to the use of silver in metal halide discharge lamps for controlling the iodine level therein and thereby promoting arc stability and improving lamp performance.
- high intensity metal halide lamps In operation of a high intensity metal halide discharge lamp, visible radiation is emitted by the metal portion of the metal halide fill at relatively high pressure upon excitation typically caused by passage of current therethrough.
- One class of high intensity metal halide lamps comprises electrodeless lamps which generate an arc discharge by establishing a solenoidal electric field in the high-pressure gaseous lamp fill comprising the combination of one or more metal halides and an inert buffer gas.
- the lamp fill, or discharge plasma is excited by radio frequency (RF) current in an excitation coil surrounding an arc tube which contains the fill.
- RF radio frequency
- the excitation coil acts as a primary coil, and the plasma functions as a single-turn secondary.
- RF current in the excitation coil produces a time-varying magnetic field, in turn creating an electric field in the plasma which closes completely upon itself, i.e., a solenoidal electric field.
- Current flows as a result of this electric field, producing a toroidal arc discharge in the arc tube.
- Typical electrodeless metal halide discharge lamps use metal halides for generating white color lamp emission for general lighting applications.
- free iodine formation and devitrification of the arc tube wall occur in electrodeless high intensity metal halide discharge lamps after exposure to the plasma arc discharge.
- the amount of free iodine in the arc tube increases with time. This accumulating iodine, beyond a certain threshold, causes arc instability and eventual arc extinction.
- an iodine getter for controlling the iodine level in electrodeless high intensity metal halide discharge lamps and thereby promote arc stability.
- an iodine getter should extend the useful life of the lamp and hence not enhance devitrification and etching of the arc tube wall.
- Silver is added to the fill of an electrodeless high intensity metal halide discharge lamp, which includes at least one metal iodide as a fill ingredient, for controlling the iodine vapor level therein.
- silver reacts with free iodine, forming silver iodide (AgI), which has a relatively high boiling point and a relatively low vapor pressure.
- the iodine level is thus controlled below an arc instability threshold to promote and maintain arc stability.
- silver does not attack the quartz arc tube wall because silica (SiO2) is much more stable than silver oxide (Ag2O).
- the addition of silver to the arc tube does not accelerate the decomposition of iodides in the fill, such as sodium iodide (NaI), cerium iodide (CeI3), lanthanum iodide (LaI3) and neodymium iodide (NdI3), which would otherwise enhance devitrification and etching of the quartz wall. Lamp performance and life are thus substantially improved using silver as an iodine getter.
- iodides in the fill such as sodium iodide (NaI), cerium iodide (CeI3), lanthanum iodide (LaI3) and neodymium iodide (NdI3)
- FIG. 1 illustrates a typical electrodeless high intensity metal halide discharge lamp 10.
- lamp 10 includes an arc tube 14 formed of a high temperature glass, such as fused silica.
- arc tube 14 is shown as having a substantially ellipsoid shape.
- arc tubes of other shapes may be desirable, depending upon the application.
- arc tube 14 may be spherical or may have the shape of a short cylinder, or "pillbox", having rounded edges, if desired.
- Arc tube 14 contains a metal halide fill, including at least one metal iodide, in which a solenoidal arc discharge is excited during lamp operation.
- a suitable fill comprises at least one rare earth metal halide (e.g., cerium iodide (CeI3), lanthanum iodide (LaI3), neodymium iodide (NdI3), praeseodymium iodide (PrI3)) and at least one alkali metal halide (e.g., sodium iodide (NaI), cesium iodide (CsI) and lithium iodide (LiI).
- CeI3 cerium iodide
- LaI3 lanthanum iodide
- NdI3 neodymium iodide
- PrI3 praeseodymium iodide
- alkali metal halide e.g., sodium
- One exemplary fill comprises sodium iodide, cerium iodide and xenon combined in weight proportions to generate visible radiation exhibiting high efficacy and good color rendering capability at white color temperatures.
- a fill is described in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 4,810,938 of P.D. Johnson, J.T. Dakin and J.M. Anderson, issued on Mar. 7, 1989 and incorporated by reference herein.
- Another exemplary fill comprises a combination of lanthanum iodide, sodium iodide, cerium iodide, and xenon, as described in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 4,972,120 of H.L. Witting, issued Nov. 20, 1990 and incorporated by reference herein.
- a suitable excitation coil 16 may comprise, for example, a two-turn coil having a configuration such as that described in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,039,903 of G.A. Farrall, issued Aug. 13, 1991 and incorporated by reference herein. Such a coil configuration results in very high efficiency and causes only minimal blockage of light from the lamp.
- the overall shape of the excitation coil of the Farrall patent is generally that of a surface formed by rotating a bilaterally symmetrical trapezoid about a coil center line situated in the same plane as the trapezoid, but which line does not intersect the trapezoid.
- suitable coil configurations may be used, such as that described in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 4,812,702 of J.M. Anderson, issued Mar. 14, 1989 and incorporated by reference herein.
- the Anderson patent describes a coil having six turns which are arranged to have a substantially V-shaped cross section on each side of a coil center line.
- Still another suitable excitation coil may be of solenoidal shape, for example.
- RF current in coil 16 results in a time-varying magnetic field which produces within arc tube 14 an electric field that completely closes upon itself.
- Current flows through the fill within arc tube 14 as a result of this solenoidal electric field, producing a toroidal arc discharge 20 in arc tube 14.
- the operation of an exemplary electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp is described in Johnson et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,810,938, cited hereinabove.
- silver is added to the metal iodide fill of an electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp in order to control the level of iodine vapor therein, thereby promoting arc stability.
- silver reacts with free iodine that has been released due to metal loss in the arc tube wall, forming silver iodide (AgI).
- the silver iodide Under lamp operating conditions, some of the silver iodide vaporizes and some remains in the liquid phase.
- the vapor pressure of the silver iodide is determined by its liquid temperature which, in turn, is controlled by the power applied to the system.
- the iodine that is bound to silver in the liquid phase is not released to the vapor phase because silver iodide has a relatively high boiling point (1506°C) and a relatively low vapor pressure.
- the total iodine concentration in the vapor phase is regulated by the liquid temperature only, and an excessive iodine buildup is avoided.
- arc stability is promoted and maintained.
- the quantity of silver employed as an iodine getter according to the present invention in order to control iodine vapor pressure below an arc instability threshold is dependent upon such factors as type and quantity of fill ingredients, size and shape of the arc tube, excitation power and operating temperature.
- An exemplary quantity is in the range, for example, from approximately 0.4 to 4 milligrams.
- silver does not attack (or reduce) the quartz arc tube wall because silica (SiO2) is much more stable than silver oxide (Ag2O).
- silver is less stable than the iodides of the lamp fill such as, for example, sodium iodide (NaI), cerium iodide (CeI3), lanthanum iodide (LaI3), neodymium iodide (NdI3), and praeseodymium iodide (PrI3), so that the addition of silver to the arc tube does not accelerate the decomposition of the iodides of the fill which would otherwise enhance devitrification and etching of the quartz wall. Lamp performance and life are thus substantially improved using silver as an iodine getter.
- each group A and B of lamps were compared, each group consisting of lamps which did employ silver as an iodine getter and corresponding control lamps which did not employ an iodine getter.
- the lamps of groups A and B are ellipsoid with dimensions 19mm x 26mm.
- Each lamp of group A (and its corresponding control group) contained 8 mg of a fill mixture comprising sodium iodide (NaI) and neodymium iodide (NdI3) in a 5:1 molar ratio.
- Each lamp of group B (and its corresponding control group) contained 10 mg of a fill mixture comprising sodium iodide (NaI) and neodymium iodide (NdI3) in a 7:1 molar ratio.
- the lamps of group A were dosed with 1 mg of silver, and the lamps of group B were dosed with 0.49 mg of silver.
- the lamps of group A were operated with excitation coils of 31 mm inner diameter (I.D.), and the lamps of group B were operated with excitation coils of 34 mm I.D., each group being tested at a power level of 300 coil Watts.
- Each lamp of groups A and B had a quartz outer jacket filled with nitrogen gas surrounding the arc tube, the group A jackets having an outer diameter (O.D.) of 30 mm and the group B jackets having an O.D. of 33 mm.
- Photometric data were taken for the lamps of group A at burn times of 100, 500, 1000 and 2000 hours.
- the graph of Figure 2 compares the efficacy of the lamps of group A using silver as an iodine getter and the corresponding control lamps. Lamp efficacy was higher for the lamps of group A using silver as an iodine getter than for the control lamps. In addition, the lumen loss over the first 2000 hours of operation was much lower for the lamps of group A (2.5%) than for the control lamps (15%).
- Free iodine formed in the arc tubes was measured by absorption spectroscopy at a wavelength of 515 nm.
- the results for group A and B and their corresponding control groups are illustrated graphically in Figures 3 and 4, respectively.
- Iodine accumulated rapidly in the ungettered control lamps.
- the level of free iodine in the lamps using silver as an iodine getter was very low.
- arc instability was observed in a lamp of control group B at 2642 hours at an iodine absorbance of 0.36, equivalent to 0.56 mg of I2 formed in the lamp.
- the arc was stable and the iodine absorbance was near zero in a corresponding silver-gettered lamp.
- Figure 5 shows color temperature as a function of lamp operating time for group A silver-gettered lamps and group A control lamps. The color temperature increased by 400°C in the control lamps at 2000 hours, while a constant color temperature was observed in the silver-gettered lamps.
- Figure 6 compares the color rendition index (CRI) values measured for the silver-gettered and control lamps of group A.
- CRI values measured at 100 hours were very similar in both the silver-gettered and control lamps.
- lamp operation time increased, the CRI value of the control lamps increased, while the CRI of the silver-gettered lamps remained almost constant. Hence, color consistency is improved with the addition of silver to the fill.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
- Common Detailed Techniques For Electron Tubes Or Discharge Tubes (AREA)
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12538893A | 1993-09-23 | 1993-09-23 | |
| US125388 | 1993-09-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0645799A1 true EP0645799A1 (fr) | 1995-03-29 |
Family
ID=22419485
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94306479A Withdrawn EP0645799A1 (fr) | 1993-09-23 | 1994-09-02 | Utilisation de l'argent pour contrôler le niveau d'iode des lampes à décharge à haute intensité sans électrodes |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0645799A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPH07153371A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2130424A1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19632220A1 (de) * | 1995-08-11 | 1997-02-13 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Elektrodenlose Entladungslampe |
| WO1998025294A1 (fr) * | 1996-12-04 | 1998-06-11 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Lampe a halogenures metalliques |
| RU2155415C2 (ru) * | 1996-11-22 | 2000-08-27 | Саес Геттерс С.П.А. | Устройство дозированной подачи кислорода для газоразрядных ламп высокого давления |
| RU2231857C2 (ru) * | 2002-09-13 | 2004-06-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Кроссовер" | Способ и устройство приготовления и подачи многокомпонентного рабочего газа в разрядное пространство газоразрядного прибора |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2062956A (en) * | 1979-11-13 | 1981-05-28 | Gen Electric | Metal halide lamp containing thorium |
| JPS5914246A (ja) * | 1982-07-15 | 1984-01-25 | Toshiba Corp | メタルハライドランプ |
| US4810938A (en) * | 1987-10-01 | 1989-03-07 | General Electric Company | High efficacy electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp |
| DE3838322A1 (de) * | 1987-11-12 | 1989-05-24 | Toshiba Kawasaki Kk | Hochleistungs-entladungslampe |
| EP0397421A2 (fr) * | 1989-05-08 | 1990-11-14 | General Electric Company | Lampe à décharge sans électrodes à hautes intensité et efficacité |
| EP0453893A1 (fr) * | 1990-04-24 | 1991-10-30 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Lampe à décharge à haute pression |
-
1994
- 1994-08-18 CA CA 2130424 patent/CA2130424A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1994-09-02 EP EP94306479A patent/EP0645799A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-09-19 JP JP22230794A patent/JPH07153371A/ja not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2062956A (en) * | 1979-11-13 | 1981-05-28 | Gen Electric | Metal halide lamp containing thorium |
| JPS5914246A (ja) * | 1982-07-15 | 1984-01-25 | Toshiba Corp | メタルハライドランプ |
| US4810938A (en) * | 1987-10-01 | 1989-03-07 | General Electric Company | High efficacy electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp |
| DE3838322A1 (de) * | 1987-11-12 | 1989-05-24 | Toshiba Kawasaki Kk | Hochleistungs-entladungslampe |
| EP0397421A2 (fr) * | 1989-05-08 | 1990-11-14 | General Electric Company | Lampe à décharge sans électrodes à hautes intensité et efficacité |
| EP0453893A1 (fr) * | 1990-04-24 | 1991-10-30 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Lampe à décharge à haute pression |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 8, no. 95 (E - 242)<1532> 2 May 1984 (1984-05-02) * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19632220A1 (de) * | 1995-08-11 | 1997-02-13 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Elektrodenlose Entladungslampe |
| DE19632220B4 (de) * | 1995-08-11 | 2005-07-28 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd., Kadoma | Elektrodenlose Entladungslampe |
| RU2155415C2 (ru) * | 1996-11-22 | 2000-08-27 | Саес Геттерс С.П.А. | Устройство дозированной подачи кислорода для газоразрядных ламп высокого давления |
| WO1998025294A1 (fr) * | 1996-12-04 | 1998-06-11 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Lampe a halogenures metalliques |
| US5973453A (en) * | 1996-12-04 | 1999-10-26 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Ceramic metal halide discharge lamp with NaI/CeI3 filling |
| RU2231857C2 (ru) * | 2002-09-13 | 2004-06-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Кроссовер" | Способ и устройство приготовления и подачи многокомпонентного рабочего газа в разрядное пространство газоразрядного прибора |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2130424A1 (fr) | 1995-03-24 |
| JPH07153371A (ja) | 1995-06-16 |
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