EP0652586B1 - Lampe à décharge à halogénure de métal avec récipient de décharge en céramique et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Lampe à décharge à halogénure de métal avec récipient de décharge en céramique et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0652586B1
EP0652586B1 EP94117296A EP94117296A EP0652586B1 EP 0652586 B1 EP0652586 B1 EP 0652586B1 EP 94117296 A EP94117296 A EP 94117296A EP 94117296 A EP94117296 A EP 94117296A EP 0652586 B1 EP0652586 B1 EP 0652586B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal
soldering
discharge lamp
glass
lamp according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94117296A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0652586A1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Dr. Heider
Stefan Dr. Jüngst
Peter Wahrendorff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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Publication of EP0652586A1 publication Critical patent/EP0652586A1/fr
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Publication of EP0652586B1 publication Critical patent/EP0652586B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
    • H01J61/366—Seals for leading-in conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
    • H01J61/361—Seals between parts of vessel
    • H01J61/363—End-disc seals or plug seals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/24—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases
    • H01J9/32—Sealing leading-in conductors
    • H01J9/323—Sealing leading-in conductors into a discharge lamp or a gas-filled discharge device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
    • H01J61/827—Metal halide arc lamps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1 and a suitable manufacturing method.
  • metal halide discharge lamps These are metal halide discharge lamps, the color rendering of which is improved by using a ceramic discharge vessel. Typical power levels are 100-250 W.
  • a major problem in the implementation of such lamps is the sealing of the bushing.
  • the feedthrough which often consists of niobium
  • the ceramic stopper is fitted into a ceramic stopper and sealed therein in a vacuum-tight manner using glass solder or melting ceramic (eg EP-A 472 100).
  • the metal halides of the filling however, have a strongly corrosive effect on the niobium feedthrough and the glass solder. Therefore, the lifetimes of such lamps have been very limited so far. For this reason, a variety of different compositions for glass solders have been tested.
  • a glass solder is known from DE-OS 27 34 015, which consists of at least two of the oxides SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 and B 2 O 3 and at least one the oxides of yttrium and lanthanum or other rare earths.
  • Another glass solder with a very high SiO 2 content (45-50% by weight), the rest Al 2 O 3 and MgO, is described in EP-A 351 097.
  • all of these glass solders with a relatively high SiO 2 content which is between approximately 20 and 50% by weight, are more or less susceptible to reaction with halides.
  • Another object is to create a lamp using individual components which have already been tried and tested, so that the development costs can be kept low, and to specify a production method for such a lamp.
  • Glass solders of the first group would be attacked only slightly by the halides of the lamp filling, which is manifested in the lamp operation in a high constancy of the lamp voltage and the light values (color rendering, color temperature).
  • they have not proven themselves for use in metal halide lamps because their solidification behavior is very unsatisfactory. Large, needle-shaped crystals of irregular shape are formed during solidification.
  • the solidified glass melt is permeated by many cavities. Both properties result in a high susceptibility to cracking of the melting area when the temperature changes, which results from switching the lamp on and off. Accordingly, only very short lifetimes (less than 500 hours) could be achieved with glass solders from the first group.
  • the second group of solders Due to their low melting point, they are easy to melt. Due to the high SiO 2 content, they solidify predominantly glassy and without voids. As a result, the melting points are less susceptible to cracking, which is expressed in a longer service life (average service life up to 2000 hours).
  • the problem with this second group is the poor resistance to halides. Since the lamp fill reacts with the glass solder, the lamp voltage and the light values drop sharply within the first 100 hours. After about 1000 hours, a large part of the lamp filling has already reacted. Despite the good sealing of the melt, the light values become so bad that there is no advantage over a cheaper metal halide lamp with a quartz glass discharge vessel.
  • the vacuum-tight seal is provided at the ends of the discharge vessel by means of a melting area which is divided into two zones with different glass solders, the zone of the melting area facing the discharge being melted by a high-melting, halide-resistant glass solder
  • the first group is sealed, while the zone of the melting area facing away from the discharge is sealed by a low-melting glass solder of the second group, which is more susceptible to halide.
  • the two-zone seal is suitable both for melting a stopper into the end of a discharge vessel and for melting a metal bushing into a stopper or directly into the end of the vessel.
  • the stopper can be made of ceramic (in particular Al 2 O 3 ) or a composite material that mainly consists of ceramic (eg cermet).
  • the metallic feedthrough can preferably be a niobium pin or tube. However, it is also possible to use molybdenum or other high-melting materials. Al 2 O 3 (possibly with dopants) is generally used as the material for the discharge vessel.
  • compositions for the glass solders given here are for the starting materials.
  • the stopper melts into the discharge vessel Al 2 O 3 in the glass solder, so that the Al 2 O 3 portion in the glass solder in the melted lamp is higher than in the solder ring before melting (DE-OS 27 34 015).
  • Rare earth metals are to be understood here as the lanthanides with the express inclusion of the elements Sc, Y and La.
  • M x O y Several, primarily two or three of the oxides specified above can be used as M x O y . Sc 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 and La 2 O 3 are particularly suitable for simultaneous use with high-melting glass solders.
  • preferably only one component M x O y primarily an oxide of La, Gd or Dy, is used.
  • a small amount (up to 3% by weight) of B 2 O 3 can also advantageously be added as a flux.
  • a preferred composition (in% by weight) for high-melting glass solders contains 35-70% Al 2 O 3 , 0-12% SiO 2 , 0-15% Y 2 O 3 , 10-30% ScO 3 and 0-30% La 2 O 3 .
  • a preferred composition for low-melting glass solders contains 5-30% Al 2 O 3 , 20-40% SiO 2 and 40-75%, in particular 50-60% oxides of rare earth metals, especially lanthanum, dysprosium or gadolinium.
  • a guideline can be that a ratio Al 2 O 3 / SiO 2 > 1 is selected for high-melting glass solders (group 1), while this ratio is ⁇ 1 for low-melting glass solders in group 2.
  • the component to be melted is inserted into an opening at the end of the vessel, the dimensions of the component and the wall of the opening being dimensioned such that without glass solder a gap with capillary properties would remain, into which the glass solder is filled.
  • the gap is advantageously chosen such that the capillary action of the gap is more pronounced on the discharge side than in the region facing away from the discharge. This can be achieved by a suitable shape of the opening - narrowed in the direction of discharge - and / or of the component to be used (stopper or electrode system) - widened in the direction of discharge.
  • the production of the invention takes place in detail Sealing by first melting the discharge-side part of the bushing or plug with the high-melting glass solder of the first group.
  • the stopper or the bushing are pasted with a suspension of this glass solder.
  • the pasted component electrode system, consisting of bushing and electrode, or the pasted stopper
  • the end of the vessel is heated to such an extent (1500-1700 ° C) that the pasting ensures a temporary vacuum-tight seal .
  • the low-melting glass solder of the second group is applied to the end of the vessel and melted down in a manner known per se by heating the end of the vessel to about 1200-1400 ° C., the glass solder running into the annular gap capillary which initially remains in an outer zone.
  • This technique takes advantage of the happy fact that occurs when the glass solders are selected that the low-melting glass solder must form the outer zone of the meltdown, so that the second glass solder can be melted down without the first glass solder liquefying again.
  • the two glass solders are advantageously chosen so that the distance between the melting points is as large as possible; in particular, it should be more than 100 °. Accordingly, the difference in the SiO 2 content of the two glass solders should be 15%, advantageously 20% or more.
  • a metal halide discharge lamp with a power of 150 W is shown schematically. It consists of a cylindrical outer bulb 1 made of quartz glass which defines a lamp axis and which is squeezed 2 and base 3 on two sides.
  • the axially arranged discharge vessel 4 made of Al 2 O 3 ceramic is bulged in the middle 5 and has cylindrical ends 6. However, it can also consist of a cylindrical tube, for example. It is held in the outer bulb 1 by means of two power leads 7, which are connected to the base parts 3 via foils 8.
  • the power supply lines 7 made of molybdenum are welded to bushings 9, which are each melted into a ceramic end plug 10 of the discharge vessel by means of glass solder 14.
  • the end plugs are also made of Al 2 O 3 .
  • the discharge vessel is filled with mercury and metal halide additives.
  • the first bushing 9a is arranged at the first end 6a, which serves as the pump end when the lamp is filled. It holds an electrode 11 in the interior of the discharge vessel, consisting of an electrode shaft 12 made of tungsten and an electrode head which is formed by a coil 13 formed at the discharge end.
  • the electrode shaft 12 is closely surrounded by a ceramic sleeve 17.
  • the second bushing 9b is arranged at the second end 6b, which is designed as a blind end. Both bushings 9 consist of a solid niobium pin, which is inserted into the bore of the end plug.
  • a filling bore 15 is provided near the pump end 6a, which is closed after filling by a glass solder or a ceramic ceramic 16.
  • Fig. 2 shows the bushing area at one end 6 of the discharge vessel in detail.
  • the niobium pin 9 with a diameter of 1.15 mm is inserted in a ceramic plug 10 with a length of 5 mm and has a length of 12 mm.
  • the electrode shaft 12 made of tungsten is butt-welded, its diameter is 0.5 mm and its length is 6.5 mm.
  • the ceramic protective sleeve 17 is fixed between the helix 13 and niobium pin 9. Their outer diameter is 1.1 mm, their inner diameter 0.6 mm.
  • the total length is 3.5 mm, of which a section (2 mm) is recessed in the bore of the plug 10, while the niobium pin 9 extends outwards over the remaining 60% of the bore.
  • the correct insertion depth of the niobium pin is ensured by a stop located on the outside of the stopper, here a stop wire 18 made of niobium.
  • the outside diameter of the Plug is 3.3 mm and the diameter of the plug bore is 1.2 mm.
  • a gap with capillary action remains between the bore wall and the niobium pin or ceramic sleeve, which is sealed with glass solder 14 over the entire length of the bore.
  • the glass solder 14 is formed from two zones of different composition.
  • a first, high-melting glass solder 14 a which has a composition according to Table 1, is used for the first half of the plug bore facing the discharge.
  • a second, low-melting glass solder 14b which has a composition according to Table 2, is used for the second half of the plug bore facing away from the discharge.
  • the plug bore dimensioned so that capillary forces only occur in the region of the melt near the discharge. This can be achieved in particular by a conical cut of the plug bore 30 (FIG.
  • Another alternative is to consciously choose the diameter of the shaft - or the sleeve surrounding it closely according to FIG. 2 - larger than the diameter of the feedthrough 9, the diameter of the bore being able to be left constant over its length.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment in which a stopper 20 made of electrically conductive cermet is inserted into the end 6 of the discharge vessel. It carries an electrode 11 on its discharge-side end. A power supply 7 is attached to the end remote from the discharge.
  • the plug 20 is melted into the vessel end 6 by means of two zones of glass solder 14a, b.
  • a high-melting glass solder 14a according to Table 1 is used.
  • a low-melting glass solder 14b with a composition according to Table 2 is used.
  • Table 1 shows examples of high-melting glass solders with a melting point T s between 1500 ° C and 1700 ° C.
  • Tab. 1 No. Composition (% by weight) T s (° C) Al 2 O 3 SiO 2 Sc 2 O 3 Y 2 O 3 La 2 O 3 1 65 - 20th 5 10th 1700 2nd 48 - 24th 9 19th 1650 3rd 48 - 19th 8th 25th 1620 4th 43 10th 17th 8th 22 1520 5 45 5 18th 8th 24th 1580 6 47 2nd 18.6 8th 24.4 1600
  • Table 2 shows examples of low-melting glass solders with a melting point T s between 1200 ° C and 1400 ° C.
  • Tab. 2 No. Composition (% by weight) T s (° C) Al 2 O 3 SiO 2 La 2 O 3 Dy 2 O 3 Gd 2 O 3 B 2 O 3 7 10th 31.5 58.5 - - 2.0 1250 8th 20th 25.2 - - 54.8 1.0 1320 9 15 29.8 55.2 - - 1.0 1300 10th 15.1 29.5 54.8 - - 0.6 1340 11 15.3 29.7 55.0 - - - 1390 12th 20th 26.1 - 53.9 - 2.0 1360 13 13.9 32.7 52.8 - - 0.6 1230 14 15.0 29.8 55.2 - - 1.0 1270

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Lampe à décharge aux halogénures métalliques, comportant une enceinte (4) de décharge en céramique, qui contient une atmosphère comportant des halogénures métalliques, l'enceinte (4) de décharge comportant deux extrémités (6) ayant des ouvertures, et deux électrodes (11) étant reliées à des entrées (7) de courant se trouvant à l'extérieur par l'intermédiaire de traversées (9) introduites dans les ouvertures, une ouverture ou les deux ouvertures étant rendues étanches au vide en utilisant de la brasure (14) de verre, caractérisée en ce qu'une pièce contenant la traversée est introduite dans l'ouverture tout en formant un interstice, une première zone de l'interstice proche de la décharge étant rendue étanche par une première brasure (14a) de verre à haut point de fusion et une deuxième zone éloignée de la décharge étant rendue étanche par une deuxième brasure (14b) de verre à bas point de fusion, les deux brasures de verre contenant de l'Al2O3, éventuellement du SiO2, et au moins un autre constituant MxOy, qui est un oxyde des métaux La, Sc, Y, des métaux des terres rares Mg, Zr, Ti, et la première brasure pour du verre contenant 0 à 12 % en poids de SiO2 et la deuxième brasure pour du verre contenant 20 à 40 % en poids de SiO2.
  2. Lampe à décharge aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les deux brasures (14a, 14b) de verre servent à obtenir l'étanchéité entre l'extrémité (6) de l'enceinte et un bouchon (10; 20) qui y est introduit, le bouchon (20) étant lui-même la traversée ou entourant une traversée (9) distincte.
  3. Lampe à décharge aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les deux brasures (14a, 14b) de verre servent à obtenir l'étanchéité entre un bouchon (10) fermant l'extrémité de l'enceinte et une traversée (9) qui y est reçue dans un trou.
  4. Lampe à décharge aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 3 caractérisée en ce que la traversée (9) est introduite profondément dans le trou, la partie voisine de l'électrode pouvant être entourée d'une douille (17).
  5. Lampe à décharge aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la teneur en SiO2 de la première brasure pour du verre est au moins inférieure de 15 %, de préférence de 20 %, à la teneur en SiO2 de la deuxième brasure pour du verre.
  6. Lampe à décharge aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les brasures de verre contiennent comme constituant MxOy au moins un des oxydes suivants Y2O3, La2O3, Sc2O3, Gd2O3, Dy2O3.
  7. Lampe à décharge aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la deuxième brasure pour du verre contient de plus jusqu'à 3 % de B2O3.
  8. Lampe à décharge aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la deuxième brasure pour du verre contient 5 à 30 % de Al2O3, 20 à 40 % de SiO2 et 40 à 75 %, notamment 50 à 60 %, d'oxydes des métaux M.
  9. Lampe à décharge aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'interstice (30; 31, 32) se rétrécit en direction de la décharge.
  10. Procédé de fabrication d'une lampe à décharge aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on met sur la partie de scellement d'abord la première brasure pour du verre, on la porte alors à une première température T1 de fusion et, ensuite, on met sur la partie de scellement la deuxième brasure pour du verre et on la porte alors à une deuxième température T2 de fusion, T2 étant inférieure à T1.
  11. Procédé suivant la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les points de fusion des deux brasures de verre différent au moins de 100 °C.
EP94117296A 1993-11-10 1994-11-02 Lampe à décharge à halogénure de métal avec récipient de décharge en céramique et son procédé de fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP0652586B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4338377A DE4338377A1 (de) 1993-11-10 1993-11-10 Metallhalogenidentladungslampe mit keramischem Entladungsgefäß und Herstellverfahren für eine derartige Lampe
DE4338377 1993-11-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0652586A1 EP0652586A1 (fr) 1995-05-10
EP0652586B1 true EP0652586B1 (fr) 1997-07-09

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EP94117296A Expired - Lifetime EP0652586B1 (fr) 1993-11-10 1994-11-02 Lampe à décharge à halogénure de métal avec récipient de décharge en céramique et son procédé de fabrication

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5532552A (fr)
EP (1) EP0652586B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07192698A (fr)
DE (2) DE4338377A1 (fr)
HU (1) HU214420B (fr)

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JPH09213272A (ja) * 1995-11-27 1997-08-15 Toto Ltd 金属蒸気発光管の封止部構造及び封止方法
JP3151166B2 (ja) 1996-05-16 2001-04-03 日本碍子株式会社 高圧放電灯およびその製造方法
DE19757152C2 (de) 1997-12-20 2002-10-31 Thomas Eggers Elektrode für Entladungslampen
EP1001453B1 (fr) * 1998-03-05 2004-09-22 Ushio Denki Kabushiki Kaisya Corps d'entree de courant electrique, destine a une ampoule, et procede de fabrication associe
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US6635993B1 (en) 1998-08-26 2003-10-21 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Joined bodies, high-pressure discharge lamps and a method for manufacturing the same
JP3397145B2 (ja) * 1998-09-18 2003-04-14 ウシオ電機株式会社 セラミック製ランプ
JP3686286B2 (ja) * 1999-06-25 2005-08-24 株式会社小糸製作所 アークチューブおよびその製造方法
DE19933154B4 (de) * 1999-07-20 2006-03-23 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh Entladungslampe
DE10026802A1 (de) 2000-05-31 2002-01-03 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Metallhalogenidlampe mit keramischem Entladungsgefäß
JP2004513480A (ja) * 2000-11-06 2004-04-30 コーニンクレッカ　フィリップス　エレクトロニクス　エヌ　ヴィ 高圧放電ランプ
US6528945B2 (en) 2001-02-02 2003-03-04 Matsushita Research And Development Laboratories Inc Seal for ceramic metal halide discharge lamp
US7563293B2 (en) * 2001-08-02 2009-07-21 3M Innovative Properties Company Al2O3-rare earth oxide-ZrO2/HfO2 materials, and methods of making and using the same
US20050200281A1 (en) * 2002-05-10 2005-09-15 Belder Gerald F. Seal for a discharge lamp
JP3926211B2 (ja) * 2002-05-29 2007-06-06 日本碍子株式会社 高圧水銀灯および高圧水銀灯用封止材
US6856091B2 (en) * 2002-06-24 2005-02-15 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Seal for ceramic metal halide discharge lamp chamber
US7132797B2 (en) * 2002-12-18 2006-11-07 General Electric Company Hermetical end-to-end sealing techniques and lamp having uniquely sealed components
JP4155258B2 (ja) * 2004-02-10 2008-09-24 セイコーエプソン株式会社 ランプ装置及びその製造方法並びにランプ装置を備えたプロジェクタ
US20060290285A1 (en) * 2005-06-24 2006-12-28 Osram Sylvania Inc. Rapid Warm-up Ceramic Metal Halide Lamp
US8102121B2 (en) * 2007-02-26 2012-01-24 Osram Sylvania Inc. Single-ended ceramic discharge lamp
EP1975975A1 (fr) 2007-03-30 2008-10-01 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Für Elektrische Glühlampen mbH Unité de construction pour une lampe électrique dotée de pistons extérieurs
US20090212704A1 (en) * 2008-02-27 2009-08-27 Osram Sylvania Inc. Ceramic discharge vessel with chromium-coated niobium feedthrough and discharge lamp containing same

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EP0587238B1 (fr) * 1992-09-08 2000-07-19 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lampe à décharge à haute pression

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU214420B (hu) 1998-03-30
EP0652586A1 (fr) 1995-05-10
HUT69815A (en) 1995-09-28
DE59403298D1 (de) 1997-08-14
DE4338377A1 (de) 1995-05-11
JPH07192698A (ja) 1995-07-28
US5532552A (en) 1996-07-02

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