EP0673447A1 - Procede de rouissage enzymatique controle de fibres liberiennes et solution de rouissage enzymatique. - Google Patents
Procede de rouissage enzymatique controle de fibres liberiennes et solution de rouissage enzymatique.Info
- Publication number
- EP0673447A1 EP0673447A1 EP94902020A EP94902020A EP0673447A1 EP 0673447 A1 EP0673447 A1 EP 0673447A1 EP 94902020 A EP94902020 A EP 94902020A EP 94902020 A EP94902020 A EP 94902020A EP 0673447 A1 EP0673447 A1 EP 0673447A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- enzymatic
- retting
- enzyme
- endo
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000208202 Linaceae Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 101710152845 Arabinogalactan endo-beta-1,4-galactanase Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 101710121765 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 101710147028 Endo-beta-1,4-galactanase Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium oxalate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-BKBMJHBISA-N alpha-D-galacturonic acid Chemical class O[C@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-BKBMJHBISA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 101100256850 Drosophila melanogaster EndoA gene Proteins 0.000 description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 2
- OIPPWFOQEKKFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N orcinol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 OIPPWFOQEKKFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 101710130006 Beta-glucanase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002230 Pectic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010093305 exopolygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000847 nonoxynol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003248 secreting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
- D01C1/00—Treatment of vegetable material
- D01C1/04—Bacteriological retting
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a controlled enzymatic retting process of bast fibers such as, in particular, flax, hemp and jute, making it possible to release the cellulosic fibers, so as to provide a raw material which can be used in spinning avoiding certain additional mechanical, chemical or biological treatments.
- the present invention also relates to an enzymatic solution making it possible to implement the enzymatic retting process.
- the cellulose fibers are linked, at the periphery of their natural stem, by cements consisting essentially of pectins and neutral polysaccharides.
- the retting operation which consists in achieving the release of the cellulosic fibers from the other constituents, is carried out, in the traditional way, in the field, the soil microorganisms slowly propagating around the stem and secreting enzymes which act locally. by degrading the cortex thereof and dividing it into a series of sub-beams made up of a few elementary fibers.
- an inherent difficulty in retting by the enzymatic route in an unnatural medium stems from the fact that the enzymes used must have the capacity to act on pectins and on neutral polysaccharides in a sufficiently specific manner to eliminate them, while also respecting the cellulosic fiber itself.
- the object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback by proposing a retting process for bast fibers which makes it possible to easily control the action on the natural fiber of the various enzymes used, so as to avoid any attack by the latter, which would lead to its weakening.
- the present invention thus relates to a process for the retting of bast fibers, and in particular flax, using at least one enzyme capable of degrading at least the pectins contained in the natural fiber, characterized in that it consists in acting on the fiber an enzymatic solution containing an endo polygalacturonase (EC 3.2.1.15) buffered by a buffer solution at a pH between 3 and 6 and preferably close to 4.5.
- an enzyme capable of degrading at least the pectins contained in the natural fiber characterized in that it consists in acting on the fiber an enzymatic solution containing an endo polygalacturonase (EC 3.2.1.15) buffered by a buffer solution at a pH between 3 and 6 and preferably close to 4.5.
- the fiber to be treated is admitted continuously into a retting cell, inside which the enzymatic solution is sprayed onto the fiber.
- an enzyme solution comprising an endo beta 1-4 galactanase (EC 3.2.1.89) and / or an enzyme solution containing a beta 1-4 xylanase ( EC 3.2.1.8) and this in addition to the action of the enzymatic solution containing the endo polygalacturonase (EC 3.2.1.15).
- the present invention also relates to an enzymatic solution intended for the biochemical retting of bast fibers and in particular of flax, characterized in that it comprises an endo polygalacturonase (EC 3.2.1.15), buffered by a buffer solution at a pH of between 3 and 6 and preferably 4.5.
- an endo polygalacturonase EC 3.2.1.15
- the buffer solution consists of a solution containing 3 to 5 grams per liter of citric acid neutralized by a strong base, for example sodium hydroxide.
- the enzymatic solution comprises an endo beta 1-4 galactanase (EC 3.2.1.89). In another embodiment of the invention, the enzyme solution comprises a beta 1-4 xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8)
- the method and the enzymatic solution according to the invention can be used with all the fibrous plants of Liberia such as hemp, jute, ramie, and in particular flax.
- a method of enzymatic retting according to the invention will be described below, applied to the treatment of flax, but it can therefore, of course, also be used with the other bast fibers, without departing from the scope of the present invention. .
- the method and the device according to the invention find maximum efficiency when they are used in a continuous treatment method.
- green flax straw, or pre-screened flax linen are first admitted between superimposed rollers which grind the flax, then then on a conveyor belt where they are subjected to washing by spraying with water, so as to eliminate part of the pectic matter as well as certain elements inhibiting the enzymatic action, such as the polyphenols and the tannins released during the grinding, and finally in an enzymatic retting cell.
- the flax thus crosses the retting cell on a conveyor belt and travels continuously in front of nozzles which spray on it an enzymatic solution.
- the action of the enzyme solution can be controlled by adjusting the speed of the conveyor belt in front of the spray nozzles.
- the enzymatic solution consists of a mixture of an enzyme called endo polygalacturonase (EC 3.2.1.15), designated in the remainder of this text by "endo PG", with a buffer solution which buffers it at a pH of between approximately 3 and 6 and which is preferably close to 4.5, which corresponds to the zone of greatest activity of the enzyme.
- endo polygalacturonase EC 3.2.1.15
- endo PG endo polygalacturonase
- the process works particularly satisfactorily between temperatures between 40 and 60 ° C.
- the duration of the enzyme treatment depends on the temperature and the enzyme concentration used, it can vary from two hours to twenty-four hours. For practical and economic reasons, the parameters are chosen so that the durations are between two and five hours.
- an ammonium oxalate solution the concentration of which is three to five grams per liter, which will be corrected at the desired pH by a solution, will be added to the enzymatic solution.
- acid and which will play, in addition to its function of complexing agent, a function of buffer solution.
- complexing agents such as EDTA can be used, but these are only effective in an alkaline medium, and therefore cannot be added to the enzymatic solution.
- the process according to the invention also makes it possible to perfect the elimination of the neutral polysaccharides associated with pectic materials, by adding to the endo PG, an endo beta 1-4 galactanase (EC 3.2.1.89) and / or a beta 1-4 xylanase (EC 3.2.1.89)
- the retting will be controlled by varying the concentration of the enzymatic solution, the number of enzymatic activities involved, as well as, as mentioned above, the duration of treatment.
- the latter can be adjusted by varying the running speed of the treadmill when practicing continuous retting.
- the fibers were first washed using hot water at 65 ° C, the hydrotimetric titer of which was close to five.
- the fibers placed on a conveyor belt were then circulated in a retting cell where they were sprayed with an enzymatic solution at a temperature of 45 ° C for two hours.
- the enzymatic solution consisted of fresh water having a hydrotimetric titer of five, to which was added one gram per liter of wetting agent (marketed under the registered trademark SYNPERONIC NP12), 5 grams per liter. citric acid, 1.5 grams per liter of ammonium oxalate, the pH of the solution being adjusted to a value of 4, and an enzyme endo PG at the concentration of 2 grams per liter having 10,000 units of enzymatic activity per gram (10,000 u / g) manufactured by the company LYVEN.
- wetting agent marketed under the registered trademark SYNPERONIC NP12
- citric acid 1.5 grams per liter of ammonium oxalate
- pH of the solution being adjusted to a value of 4
- an enzyme endo PG at the concentration of 2 grams per liter having 10,000 units of enzymatic activity per gram (10,000 u / g) manufactured by the company LYVEN.
- the enzymatic solution consisted of a 2 gram per liter solution of an enzyme preparation produced by the LYVEN Company, identical to that of the previous test, except for its enzymatic activity which titrated more than 4,500 u / g of endo PG, enriched in endo beta 1-4 galactanase.
- the enzyme solution consisted of a PG endo, identical to that of the first test, except for its concentration which was 1 gram per liter and the presence of a beta 1- enzyme.
- 4 xylanase produced from Aspergillus niger at a concentration of 1 gram per liter and having 10,000 units of xylanasic activity per gram.
- the results of the enzymatic retting were analyzed by subjecting a sample of the treated material to intense mechanical grinding, using a ball mill, then the pectic materials and the neutral polysaccharides which were not eliminated were extracted in sodium hydroxide medium 0 , 2N for four hours at 50 ° C. After separation of the insoluble fraction, by filtration or centrifugation, the pectic content was determined on the filtrate according to the MHDP method described by Thibault JF 1979 (Lebensm.Wiss u-Technol, 12, 247-251) and the content of neutral polysaccharides according to the sulfuric orcinol method described by Tollier MT and Robin JP 1979 (Ann. Technol. Agric. 28, 1 -15). The results have been recorded in the table below and are expressed on the basis of the dry matter of the material before analyzes.
- an effective wetting agent such as for example a nonionic product of the ethoxylated nonylphenol type, for example that sold by the company ICI under the brand name "SYNPERONIC NP 12"
- a nonionic product of the ethoxylated nonylphenol type for example that sold by the company ICI under the brand name "SYNPERONIC NP 12”
- SYNPERONIC NP 12 will promote the penetration of the enzymatic solution. at the heart of the fibers.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9214937 | 1992-12-11 | ||
| FR9214937A FR2699192B1 (fr) | 1992-12-11 | 1992-12-11 | Procédé de rouissage enzymatique contrôle de fibres libériennes et solution de rouissage enzymatique. |
| PCT/FR1993/001230 WO1994013868A1 (fr) | 1992-12-11 | 1993-12-10 | Procede de rouissage enzymatique controle de fibres liberiennes et solution de rouissage enzymatique |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0673447A1 true EP0673447A1 (fr) | 1995-09-27 |
| EP0673447B1 EP0673447B1 (fr) | 1997-06-04 |
Family
ID=9436472
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94902020A Expired - Lifetime EP0673447B1 (fr) | 1992-12-11 | 1993-12-10 | Procede de rouissage enzymatique controle de fibres liberiennes et solution de rouissage enzymatique |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0673447B1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU5654194A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE69311366T2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2699192B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1994013868A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2713671B1 (fr) * | 1993-12-15 | 1996-03-01 | Sofilin Sa | Procédé de rouissage enzymatique. |
| US11306417B2 (en) | 2014-08-13 | 2022-04-19 | Syler Gibraltar Limited | Bast-fiber material processing method |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1017728A1 (ru) * | 1981-07-09 | 1983-05-15 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Биотехнический Институт | Питательна среда дл глубинного культивировани продуцентов пектолитических ферментов |
| FR2516555B1 (fr) * | 1981-11-17 | 1985-06-07 | Hurdequint Louis | Nouveau procede de rouissage du lin |
| US4481355A (en) * | 1983-11-22 | 1984-11-06 | Helmic, Inc. | Method for degumming decorticated plant bast fiber |
| FR2588886B1 (fr) * | 1985-10-18 | 1988-06-24 | Comite Eco Agric Prod Chanvre | Procede de traitement biochimique de plantes fibreuses liberiennes ou cellulosiques et assimilees |
| DE4012351A1 (de) * | 1990-04-18 | 1991-10-24 | Veda | Mazerisierendes enzympraeparat und verfahren zur bearbeitung von flachs |
-
1992
- 1992-12-11 FR FR9214937A patent/FR2699192B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-12-10 AU AU56541/94A patent/AU5654194A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-12-10 WO PCT/FR1993/001230 patent/WO1994013868A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1993-12-10 DE DE69311366T patent/DE69311366T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-12-10 EP EP94902020A patent/EP0673447B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9413868A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU5654194A (en) | 1994-07-04 |
| DE69311366T2 (de) | 1997-11-20 |
| FR2699192B1 (fr) | 1995-05-12 |
| WO1994013868A1 (fr) | 1994-06-23 |
| EP0673447B1 (fr) | 1997-06-04 |
| FR2699192A1 (fr) | 1994-06-17 |
| DE69311366D1 (de) | 1997-07-10 |
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