Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
  • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
  • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
  • B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
  • B06B1/16—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
  • B28B1/20—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by centrifugal or rotational casting
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
  • B28B19/0023—Lining the inner wall of hollow objects, e.g. pipes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B21/00—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
  • B28B21/02—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by casting into moulds
  • B28B21/10—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by casting into moulds using compacting means
  • B28B21/22—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by casting into moulds using compacting means using rotatable mould or core parts
  • B28B21/30—Centrifugal moulding
  • B28B21/34—Centrifugal moulding combined with vibrating or other additional compacting means

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the technique of centrifuging a layer of a curable liquid material. More particularly, the invention relates to the centrifugation of a curable granular material by means of an installation of the type comprising a mold of revolution.
• document FR-A-2 658 102 of the Applicant describes electric motors with a horizontal axis, the rotor of which carries an unbalance making it possible to vibrate a mold to distribute a material.
• the vibration is created in a substantially vertical direction.
• Radial vibrations are more effective because they combine with the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the mold and the force of gravity on Earth.
• the installation includes a means capable of vibrating perpendicularly to the axis XX the rotary revolution mold. Said means is articulated elastically at one end and carries at its other end a vibration roller.
• This technique has important advantages over other techniques for centrifuging a layer of liquid material, in particular the rapid installation without direct manual intervention of the limiting device whatever the diameter of the mold and the radial vibration perpendicular to axis XX. It also makes it possible to distribute several means of vibration over the length of the mold and to amplify and better control the vibrations by combining their directions with the direction of the force of gravity of the mold and of said centrifuged material.
• the invention aims to remedy these drawbacks, and to provide various advantages, in particular consisting in turning at a high speed of rotation while retaining the advantages of a radial vertical vibration applied to the mold, the mold being installed or dismantled by a movement parallel to himself.
• the radial vibrations are easily controlled because it is easier to apply a roller on the circumference than on the end opening.
• the technique of centrifuging a layer of liquid material is carried out by means of an installation of the type comprising a rotary revolution mold of horizontal XX axis open at least at one end, support members of this mold free in rotation and an axial limitation device the centrifuged layer on the side of the open end of the mold, the limiting device comprising on the one hand a cutting ring itself comprising a rigid collar which can be threaded with radial clearance on said end of the mold with the exception of an internal radial protruding collar, as well as an annular piece of elastic material integral with the collar and capable of being applied to the external surface of said end, and on the other hand a retractable support comprising means for supporting the collar and blocking means.
• the installation also comprises a roller placed under the rotary mold, the axis of the roller being included in the vertical plane containing the axis of the rotary mold.
• the installation according to the invention comprises:
• a means capable of vibrating which comprises at least two electric motors, with a horizontal axis whose rotor carries an unbalance, fixed side by side under the mold symmetrically with respect to the vertical plane containing the axis X-X of the mold;
• support members and / or rotary drive placed below the mold and fixed in translation, the mold being maintained by rotating gripping means; support members and / or rotational drive of the mold of revolution being wheels and / or cylinders arranged along two parallel horizcr.taux axes said wheels being coated with an elastic damping material, in particular rubber.
• FIG. 1 schematically represents in perspective the whole of an installation, this centrifugation according to the invention, during the establishment of the tubular mold;
• FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a centrifuge installation according to the invention.
• the invention is applied to an installation for coating liquid cement internally and by centrifugation, metal pipes 1 constituting a mold, in particular of cast iron or steel, having at one end a plain open end 2a and at its second end an open socket 2b.
• the installation comprises two slabs 3, 4 on each of which are fixed two members 5 for supporting the pipe 1.
• a clamping device 6 for the pipe against the support members is also fixed on the slabs 3, 4.
• a retractable support 7 makes it possible to fix, at each open end 2a, 2b of the pipe 1, an axial limitation device 8 for spreading the liquid cement.
• the limiting device 8 comprises on the one hand a cutting ring 9 itself comprising a rigid collar 10 which can be threaded, with radial clearance on said end 2a, 2b of the pipe 1, with the exception of a flange 11 in internal radial projection, as well as an annular piece 12 of elastic material capable of being applied to the external surface of the end 2a.
• the retractable support 7 comprises support means 7a allowing the positioning of the collar 10 by contact with the cutting ring 9 on said collar 10.
• the support 4 also comprises means 7b for locking the collar 10.
• Each member 5 comprises a stud 12, two arms 14, fixed at one end 14a to the stud 13 and comprising at the other end 14b a through hole 15 forming a bearing for an axis 16.
• the axis 16 parallel to the axis XX of the pipe 1 supports a cylindrical rotary element 17 coated on its surface of external revolution and at the end external peripheral of each of its flat faces, of a means 18 of adhesion and damping consisting of a tube of elastic material, in particular rubber, filled with air.
• Said elastic material contains textile threads fixed securely to a fixing heel 19 on the cylindrical element 17.
• the means 18 comprises, above the heel 19 consisting of a very hard which surrounds a hoop of steel wires, sidewalls 20 made up of an assembly of several elements made of flexible and resistant rubber, said sidewalls 20 being connected together by a tread 21 comprising very fine treads and ridges intended to improve grip.
• the clamping device 6 comprises a beam 22 of axis parallel to the axis X-X and located higher in space.
• the beam 22 is held by a frame 23 and it supports two arms 23a, 23b each connected to rotary cylindrical elements 24 identical to the elements 17.
• Pneumatic flexible cylinders 25a, 25b provide damping between the arms 23a, 23b, the elements 24 and the pipe 1.
• Hydraulic cylinders 26 articulated on the slab 3, 4 make it possible to lift the elements 24 by the outlet following its stroke from the rod of the cylinders 26, which causes the rotation of the arms 23a, 23b around the beam 22.
• the end of the sliding rod of each cylinder 26 is fixed to the lower part of an arm 23a, 23b.
• the installation comprises between the two slabs 3, 4 a means 27 able to vibrate perpendicularly to the axis XX the pipe 1 serving as a rotary mold.
• Said means 27 is installed under the axis XX in a vertical plane containing this axis XX.
• the means 27 consists of a roller 28 comprising for example five axial grooves 29.
• the roller 28 is fixed to an axis 30 supported by a U-shaped angle iron 31 of which each branch 32, directed upwards, forms a bearing for the axis 30.
• the angle iron 31 is linked to an articulated arm 33 on a horizontal axis 34 and perpendicular to axis XX.
• the horizontal axis is held at the end of an L-shaped metal part 35 resting on the ground and forming the support of the means 27.
• a flexible jack 36 is placed between the U-shaped angle iron 31 and the metal part 35 The flexible cylinder 36 absorbs the vibrations generated by the roller 28; it also supports the roller 28 by means of the angle iron 31.
• Said cylinder 36 prevents the vibrations caused by the roller 28 from being transmitted to the ground, which would cause nuisance.
• the installation comprises a motor 37 fixed to a chassis 38 and driving a rotating shaft 39.
• the shaft 39 is fixed at each end to a ball joint 40, 41.
• the ball joint 40 is linked to the motor and the ball joint 41 to the axis of the rotary cylindrical elements 24.
• the motor is able to drive the elements 24 in rotation.
• the installation is supplied with a metal pipe or mold 1 by moving it horizontally perpendicular to itself up to the vertical of the axis X-X. Then, the pipe 1 is lowered to the contact of the four support members 5.
• the pipe 1 is brought in, it is already provided with a pneumatic ring applied to the bottom of its socket 2b by tightening and elastic jamming due to its inflation to serve as a cement cutter on the side of the socket.
• the retractable support 7 located in the extension of the axis X-X brings the limiting device 8 into contact with the end 2a by displacement towards the end of the pipe 1 and along said axis X-X.
• the motor 27 drives the elements 24 in rotation, causing the rotation of the pipe 1.
• the roller 28 is brought by means of the flexible cylinder 36 into contact with the pipe 1 which drives it in rotation, the grooves 29 of the roller 28 cause impacts on the pipe 1 which form vertical vibrations which are transmitted to the entire pipe 1.
• the frequency of the vibrations is adjusted by the number of grooves 29 on the roller 28 and the speed of rotation of the pipe 1.
• liquid cement is poured into it.
• the frequency of the vibrations is adjusted by means of a vibrating device 42 mounted in an installation as shown in FIG. 2.
• a vibrating device 42 mounted in an installation as shown in FIG. 2.
• This last figure which differs from the installation of FIG. 1 in that it comprises said device 42 and that the roller 28 'has no groove.
• the elements of the installation of FIG. 2 are identified by the same reference numerals as those designating the corresponding elements of FIG. 1.
• the device 42 comprises two motors 43a, 43b with a horizontal axis, the rotor of which carries an unbalance 44a, 44b, fixed side by side under the U-shaped angle 3 ' .
• the axes of the two motors 43a, 43b are horizontal perpendicular to the axis XX and parallel to one another.
• the device also comprises a control means 45 which drives the two motors 43a, 43b at the same speed in the opposite direction.
• the motors are supplied with electric current they cause vibrations of vertical direction.
• the motors 43a, 43b are started when the roller 29 is brought into contact with the pipe 1 and when liquid cement is poured into it. When the roller 29 is removed, the power supply to the motors is cut.
• the invention can be used for manufacturing concrete or cement pipes or for applying an internal coating of cement mortar to metal pipes 1.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
• Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
• Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9436876

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (14)

Families Citing this family (3)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1992
  • 1992-12-15 FR FR9215426A patent/FR2699106B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1993
  • 1993-12-01 PL PL93309351A patent/PL309351A1/xx unknown
  • 1993-12-01 CZ CZ951555A patent/CZ155595A3/cs unknown
  • 1993-12-01 RU RU95117940A patent/RU2102229C1/ru active
  • 1993-12-01 EP EP94900895A patent/EP0674574A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1993-12-01 AU AU55676/94A patent/AU5567694A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1993-12-01 CA CA002151844A patent/CA2151844A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1993-12-01 SK SK797-95A patent/SK79795A3/sk unknown
  • 1993-12-01 WO PCT/FR1993/001180 patent/WO1994013449A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1993-12-01 BR BR9307660-6A patent/BR9307660A/pt unknown
  • 1993-12-06 TR TR01136/93A patent/TR28722A/xx unknown
  • 1993-12-06 ZA ZA939112A patent/ZA939112B/xx unknown
  • 1993-12-10 MX MX9307833A patent/MX9307833A/es unknown
• 1995
  • 1995-06-01 BG BG99689A patent/BG61439B1/bg unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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