EP0755039A2 - Procédé et système pour le pronostic de l'écoulement du trafic - Google Patents

Procédé et système pour le pronostic de l'écoulement du trafic Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0755039A2
EP0755039A2 EP96250138A EP96250138A EP0755039A2 EP 0755039 A2 EP0755039 A2 EP 0755039A2 EP 96250138 A EP96250138 A EP 96250138A EP 96250138 A EP96250138 A EP 96250138A EP 0755039 A2 EP0755039 A2 EP 0755039A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
traffic
data
route
vehicles
computer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96250138A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0755039A3 (fr
EP0755039B1 (fr
Inventor
Uwe Dr. Rer. Nat. Albrecht
Josef Dipl.-Ing. Heimann
Werner Dr. Rer. Nat. Schulz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vodafone Holding GmbH
Original Assignee
Mannesmann AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mannesmann AG filed Critical Mannesmann AG
Publication of EP0755039A2 publication Critical patent/EP0755039A2/fr
Publication of EP0755039A3 publication Critical patent/EP0755039A3/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0755039B1 publication Critical patent/EP0755039B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096708—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control
    • G08G1/096716—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control where the received information does not generate an automatic action on the vehicle control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096733—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where a selection of the information might take place
    • G08G1/096741—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where a selection of the information might take place where the source of the transmitted information selects which information to transmit to each vehicle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096766—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission
    • G08G1/096775—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission where the origin of the information is a central station

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and system for forecasting traffic flows at selected locations or sections of a road network, in particular for traffic control and route guidance of vehicles, in which determined traffic flow data, which contain information at least on the traffic density, from a traffic computer which has a digital road map, can be used to forecast the expected traffic flows.
  • a system for optimal use of a road network is known from WO 89/02142, which has at least one recording sensor at selected locations or route sections, which detects the traffic condition, in particular the traffic density.
  • the traffic status data is then transmitted to a control center, which can be a traffic computer.
  • the processing and preparation of the traffic condition data takes place, which are then used for direct traffic control, for example by direct information to the driver; the traffic control is based on a target-actual comparison of the traffic status data from selected locations or sections of the route.
  • the target values correspond, for example, to the optimal traffic condition on the corresponding section of the road network.
  • the traffic condition data of two measuring points determined at different locations are e.g. subjected to a correlation analysis in order to derive statements to get about the traffic flows.
  • a disadvantage of this system for better utilization of the existing road network is that the traffic flows can only be forecast inadequately, since the partial flows from which the determined traffic flows are composed can in particular only be determined to a limited extent. A forecast of traffic flows This system is therefore subject to considerable uncertainty at selected locations or sections of the route.
  • the invention provides that vehicles in a sample vehicle fleet each determine and store their current location as a function of time and / or distance, so that the location positions determined are available for evaluation as route data of the route traveled. At least some of the vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet transmit the route data to a traffic computer at intervals.
  • the traffic computer determines the traffic flows and their composition, ie the partial flows from which the traffic flows are essentially composed, from the currently recorded route data and assigns them to the selected locations or sections of the route.
  • the determined traffic flows and their composition serve to determine and / or update statistical traffic flow data, which are used by the traffic computer as time-dependent empirical values for the forecast of the traffic flows.
  • current driving activity data are additionally recorded in a predetermined larger spatial area around the selected locations or route sections and transmitted to the traffic computer, so that the traffic computer, based on the driving activity data, the forecast of the traffic flows at the selected locations or route sections by extrapolation of the assigned ones Can determine traffic flow data taking into account the time-dependent empirical values.
  • current driving activity data Data can also be used that do not always represent an actual driving activity, but only indicate an imminent driving activity (e.g. readiness display of a mobile phone in a vehicle that is just being started).
  • the traffic computer not only has traffic flow data at specific points in time, but also information about the traffic flows that make up this traffic flow data.
  • the route data transmitted by the vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet contain information on the one hand, for example, about the relative traffic density at individual locations or sections of the route, and on the other hand also information about which traffic flows cause this traffic density in part. It is thus possible, for example from the number of active motor vehicles in a predetermined larger spatial area around the selected locations or route sections, to reliably predict the short-term or long-term traffic flows to be expected at the selected locations or route sections.
  • the route data are transmitted in a reduced form by removing redundant data which are contained in the route data, for example, when traveling along a straight road or freeway.
  • the transmission is advantageously carried out via a radio telephone.
  • Statistical traffic flow data is determined and / or updated depending on the parameters if the traffic flows have to be forecast with greater certainty. For example, the traffic flow data are determined and / or updated depending on the day of the week and the time of day.
  • the current driving activity data expediently comprise the operating state of the vehicles which are equipped with a driving activity sensor.
  • the invention acquires the driving activity data by querying and evaluating the activity of mobile radio telephone networks.
  • the readiness display when starting the vehicle can be used for this. In this case, there is no need to install special driving activity sensors.
  • the size of the spatial area in which the imminent or already running driving activities are recorded is expediently specified as a function of the population density.
  • a system for implementing the method has vehicles from a sample vehicle fleet, each of which has means for determining the current position, for storing at least the route data and for transmitting data to a receiving unit which is arranged outside the vehicles.
  • the driving activities are recorded by spatially distributed driving activity sensors, which in turn have means for transmitting the recorded driving activity data to the fixedly arranged receiving unit.
  • the system comprises a traffic computer which has a digital road map, an electronic memory for storing empirical values and is connected to the receiving unit for receiving the data transmitted by the vehicles of the sample vehicle fleet and the driving activity sensors.
  • the current position is expediently determined by a receiver for signals from navigation satellite systems (e.g. GPS), since it is small in structure and the position can be determined relatively easily with sufficient accuracy.
  • navigation satellite systems e.g. GPS
  • the traffic computer has a transmission unit for sending requests to the driving activity sensors, so that the driving activity sensors can be controlled from the traffic computer via a receiving unit, which is also provided. In this way, the traffic computer is given the opportunity to obtain the driving activity data if necessary.
  • the vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet also have a receiving unit for receiving requests from the traffic computer.
  • the driving activity sensors are installed in as many vehicles as possible and that the driving activity data is transmitted in an anonymous form to the traffic computer, for example when the vehicle is started.
  • the driving activity sensors are also installed, for example, in vehicles that do not belong to the sample vehicle fleet.
  • the driving activity sensors e.g. are permanently installed in the road surface of secondary streets within a residential area in order to record the number of active vehicles that are likely to contribute to the corresponding traffic flows at the selected locations or sections of the route at different times.
  • the vehicles also expediently have a sensor for detecting the current vehicle speed, the traffic flows can then be determined more precisely and linked directly to the vehicle density.
  • the system for carrying out the method for forecasting the traffic flows essentially comprises three subsystems: a sample vehicle fleet 10, driving activity sensors 20 arranged spatially distributed, which can be installed in particular in the vehicles 11 of the sample vehicle fleet 10, and a traffic computer 30.
  • the spatially distributed driving activity sensors 20 can be movable as well as stationary driving activity sensors 20. It is essential here that driving activity sensors 20 are arranged spatially distributed over a certain geographical area in order to record the driving activities as "area-wide" as possible.
  • the subsystems can be interconnected in terms of data technology.
  • the vehicles 11 of the sample vehicle fleet 10 are each equipped with a transmitter.
  • the driving activity sensors 20, together with a transmitter also form a technical device Unit that can automatically transmit driving activity data to the traffic computer 30.
  • the traffic computer 30 is provided with a corresponding receiving unit 31 for receiving the route data of the vehicles 11 of the sample vehicle fleet 10 and the driving activity data recorded by the driving activity sensors 20.
  • the receiving units of the vehicles 11 of the sample vehicle fleet 10 and / or the driving activity sensors 20 can be equipped with a receiving device. These receiving devices then make it possible to receive requests from the traffic computer, which can call up the corresponding travel route and driving activity data when there is a corresponding need for information, for example in difficult traffic situations on the corresponding route sections.
  • the means installed in the vehicles of the sample vehicle fleet 10 include a device for determining the current position and expediently also the current vehicle speed, a memory for storing at least the route data and the above-mentioned. Transmitting device for transmitting data to the traffic computer 30 which is arranged outside the vehicles 11.
  • a receiver for signals from navigation satellite systems can be provided in the vehicles of the sample vehicle fleet 10, for example.
  • a storage unit is provided in the vehicles 11 of the sample vehicle fleet 10, which is expediently organized in the form of a ring storage system and only records the information over a limited period of time.
  • the storage of the position positions determined by the receiver for signals from navigation satellite systems and the data transmission to the traffic computer 30 are expediently controlled by a microprocessor integrated in the vehicle.
  • the transmitter unit installed in the vehicles 11 enables this Transmission of the route data to the traffic computer 30, the data transmission being triggered by the microprocessor.
  • the traffic computer 30 arranged outside the vehicles 11 of the sample vehicle fleet 10 is connected directly to a receiving unit 31.
  • the travel routes of the vehicles 11 of the sample vehicle fleet 10 are transferred to the traffic computer 30 via this connection.
  • the traffic computer 30 is equipped with corresponding storage units for storing the travel routes.
  • a digital road map provided in the traffic computer 30 enables the assignment of the travel routes to the associated road sections.
  • the empirical values derived from the travel routes with regard to the traffic flows and their composition at selected locations or sections of a road network are stored in a special memory unit of the traffic computer 30.
  • driving activity sensors 20 are arranged spatially distributed in this area. Spatially distributed is not to be understood statically, since the driving activity sensors 20 can be sensors installed in vehicles, for example, which detect the operating state of the vehicle and can transmit it to the traffic computer 30 immediately or under certain predetermined or predefinable conditions.
  • the driving activity sensors 20 can also be sensors that do not or not only record current driving activities of a vehicle, but also record events that are related to upcoming driving activities. The upcoming driving activities can be related to the recorded events with a certain statistical certainty.
  • the driving activity sensors 20 can be cellular telephones, the activity of which can be detected and evaluated within a cellular telephone network in order to obtain information about upcoming or current driving activities.
  • the “driving activity sensors” are not equipped with a special transmission device for transmitting the detected activity data to the traffic computer 30, but the mobile telephone network takes over the data transmission with the transmission units to the traffic computer 30.
  • the starting point of the method for forecasting the traffic flows at selected locations or sections of a road network are vehicles 11 of a sample vehicle fleet 10 that automatically determine their travel route and move within a road network.
  • the movement of these vehicles 11 within the road network takes place e.g. randomly and without special requirements.
  • the current position and the current vehicle speed are continuously determined in the vehicle and successively stored together in a storage unit.
  • These stored location positions represent the most important part of the route data, which in particular can also include the time of the respective location determination.
  • the route data are transmitted from the vehicles 11 of the sample vehicle fleet 10 to the fixed reception unit 31 of the traffic computer 30 by means of the transmission unit.
  • the route data are transmitted depending on the time and / or the route; they can be carried out regularly or irregularly or also on request.
  • the receiving unit 31 transfers the travel route data to the traffic computer 30, which initially stores them in a memory or memory area provided for this purpose.
  • the route data are each assigned to the individual sections of the road network on the digital road map. Thereafter, the traffic computer 30 determines the essential partial flows (partial traffic flows) and the traffic densities caused thereby at at least one selected location or route section of a road network relative to one another, that is to say the percentage of a partial flow in the total traffic flow at a selected location or route sections of a road network determined.
  • These traffic flow conditions determined in this way are compared and modified with the empirical values available in the memory, ie with the empirical values at the same time on a corresponding weekday, taking into account special boundary conditions.
  • a special boundary condition would be, for example, the start of school holidays on that day in a certain state and the like.
  • the modification can take place, for example, by carrying out a special averaging in which the weighted average is formed from the current traffic flow conditions and the "experience traffic flow conditions" at the selected location or route section at such a time on a corresponding day of the week taking into account special boundary conditions.
  • the time-dependent “experience traffic flow conditions” are expediently updated by the traffic computer 30, for example also by weighted averaging.
  • the driving activity data determined by the driving activity sensors 20 in a predetermined larger area around a selected location or route section are transmitted to the receiving unit 31, transferred from the receiving unit 31 to the traffic computer 30 and from the traffic computer 30 in one the memory or memory area provided for this purpose is stored and evaluated at a suitable time.
  • the evaluation is carried out by starting from the determined driving activity data, i.e. the driving activities, partial flows (partial traffic flows) resulting from this with a certain statistical probability. This can in turn be done on the basis of empirical values stored in the memory.
  • the forecast of the traffic flows at selected locations or sections of a road network is then carried out with the aid of the partial flows (partial traffic flows) derived from the driving activity data on the basis of the determined traffic flow conditions, i.e. essentially by extrapolation of the traffic flow data (traffic flow conditions) assigned to the places or sections of the route, taking into account empirical values which can be time-dependent in particular. Appropriate measures to influence traffic or route guidance of vehicles can then be carried out on the basis of the predicted traffic flows.
  • the method according to the invention mainly provides the traffic flow conditions at selected locations or sections of a road network;
  • the determination of the absolute traffic densities, if these are required, generally has to be carried out using supplementary methods.
  • this determination of the absolute traffic density can be made on the basis of empirical values. It is also possible to distribute some traffic density sensors in the road network and thus calibrate the traffic flow conditions, i.e. absolute locations or sections of the route Assign traffic densities based on the specific traffic flow conditions.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Navigation (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
EP96250138A 1995-07-07 1996-06-26 Procédé et système pour le pronostic de l'écoulement du trafic Expired - Lifetime EP0755039B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19526148A DE19526148C2 (de) 1995-07-07 1995-07-07 Verfahren und System zur Prognose von Verkehrsströmen
DE19526148 1995-07-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0755039A2 true EP0755039A2 (fr) 1997-01-22
EP0755039A3 EP0755039A3 (fr) 1997-01-29
EP0755039B1 EP0755039B1 (fr) 2002-12-04

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EP96250138A Expired - Lifetime EP0755039B1 (fr) 1995-07-07 1996-06-26 Procédé et système pour le pronostic de l'écoulement du trafic

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5812069A (fr)
EP (1) EP0755039B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE229211T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19526148C2 (fr)

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DE59609937D1 (de) 2003-01-16
DE19526148A1 (de) 1997-02-06
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US5812069A (en) 1998-09-22
ATE229211T1 (de) 2002-12-15
EP0755039B1 (fr) 2002-12-04

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