EP0761826A2 - Bronze phosphoreux, contenant du fer - Google Patents

Bronze phosphoreux, contenant du fer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0761826A2
EP0761826A2 EP96202345A EP96202345A EP0761826A2 EP 0761826 A2 EP0761826 A2 EP 0761826A2 EP 96202345 A EP96202345 A EP 96202345A EP 96202345 A EP96202345 A EP 96202345A EP 0761826 A2 EP0761826 A2 EP 0761826A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
production
seamless tubes
tubes according
deformation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96202345A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0761826A3 (fr
EP0761826B1 (fr
Inventor
Dieter Dr. Sporer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Plansee SE
Original Assignee
Plansee SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Plansee SE filed Critical Plansee SE
Publication of EP0761826A2 publication Critical patent/EP0761826A2/fr
Publication of EP0761826A3 publication Critical patent/EP0761826A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0761826B1 publication Critical patent/EP0761826B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/10—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0026—Matrix based on Ni, Co, Cr or alloys thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C22C1/059—Making alloys comprising less than 5% by weight of dispersed reinforcing phases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of pre-alloyed powders or a master alloy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing seamless tubes from materials that form a strongly elongated coarse grain structure by mechanical forming in combination with a recrystallizing heat treatment.
  • Such materials are dispersion-strengthened metals, metal alloys or intermetallic phases, which are used due to their excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures, in particular for thermally and mechanically highly stressed components.
  • An important group of these materials are the so-called ODS superalloys based on iron, nickel or cobalt, in which oxide particles are used as dispersoids.
  • the ODS superalloys extend the temperature range from heat-resistant materials to approximately 1350 ° C.
  • the materials have in common that they achieve their good high-temperature properties, in particular their good creep resistance, through the formation of an elongated coarse grain structure.
  • the materials have to be mechanically formed with a high degree of forming and have to be subjected to a subsequent annealing treatment for recrystallization. Due to this directional recrystallization, depending on the alloy and type of production, the materials show a rather pronounced directional dependence of the mechanical properties, for example the high-temperature creep resistance.
  • the best strength properties are always observed in the direction of the main forming direction, i.e. parallel to the structural extension. In the directions orthogonal to this main forming direction, these materials have so far only shown comparatively unfavorable strength values at high temperatures.
  • the greatest mechanical stress in the circumferential direction is present for pipes subjected to internal pressure.
  • the material tensions in the circumferential direction are twice as high as those in the longitudinal pipe direction.
  • the materials mentioned with an elongated coarse grain structure are appropriate if it is ensured that the high microstructure in the pipe circumferential direction is set in order to fully utilize the heat resistance potential of these materials.
  • seamless tubes made of the materials mentioned have been produced, for example, by deep hole drilling from bar stock or by hot extrusion with or without subsequent cold reduction, such as tube drawing or tube vocational step rolling.
  • the disadvantage of this method is, however, that the main forming direction lies in the axial direction of the tube and thus also the strong structural extension or structural orientation lies in this direction, which is associated with a relatively low strength in the most stressed circumferential direction of the tube.
  • the method severely restricts the tube formats that can be produced by means of the maximum available pressing forces of industrial extrusion presses, both upwards and downwards.
  • the main disadvantage of this method is, however, that only relatively thick-walled tubes can be produced, which, for reasons of heat conduction for tubes in tube bundle heat exchangers or simply because of the increased cost of materials, often does not allow technically or economically satisfactory tube production despite the optimized structure.
  • hot extrusion with or without a downstream cold processing process can be used to produce pipes with outside diameters between 25 and 40 mm and wall thicknesses between 2.5 and 5 mm.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for the production of seamless tubes, in which a strongly elongated structure is oriented in the tube circumferential direction, which ensures good reproducibility of these microstructures in a simple manner and with which thin-walled tubes with wall thicknesses below 2.5 mm can be manufactured over a large diameter range.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that a cup-shaped or sleeve-shaped starting part is brought into the desired tube shape in the unrecrystallized state by pressure rolling in accordance with DIN 8583, T2 with a degree of deformation of at least 30% and the material is subjected to intermediate annealing between individual deformation steps or final annealing is coarse-grained recrystallized after completion of the forming.
  • the cup-shaped or tubular starting part is applied to a mandrel on a conventional spinning machine and the outer diameter is reduced by means of one or preferably several spinning rollers in one or more overflows.
  • the kinematics of the cylinder pressure rolling process is such that the material flow during the forming process takes place almost exclusively in the axial direction.
  • the tangential material flow material flow in the pipe circumferential direction
  • the tangential material flow must be reduced to a minimum by coordinating the dimensions of the starting part with the pressure rollers used and the number of overflows.
  • the tubes which are produced by the process according to the invention have an elongated coarse grain structure after the recrystallization annealing which runs in the tube circumferential direction. This is achieved by simple application of the cylinder pressure rolling within the known process limits without the use of additional or without complex optimization of individual process parameters, so that good reproducibility of the pipes is ensured by the process according to the invention.
  • the process according to the invention also offers the advantage that high cross-sectional reductions per pass rolling pass and also high overall cross-sectional reductions can be achieved without heating and without intermediate annealing steps. This was not to be expected especially when using the method with ferritic ODS materials, since these materials exhibit a brittle-ductile transition behavior, so that such materials normally have to be preheated to at least 60-100 ° for the forming, in order to be sure after the forming to result in crack-free parts.
  • the fact that the method according to the invention can be used for practically all materials at room temperature without the need to preheat the workpiece and mandrel requires economical production and excellent reproducibility of the tubes. The good reproducibility concerns both the good dimensional stability and the metallurgical quality with regard to the coarse grain structure stretched in the pipe circumferential direction after the recrystallization annealing.
  • intermediate annealing in the form of relaxation or relaxation annealing can also be inserted between individual deformation steps.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly advantageously applicable to materials in the form of metals, metal alloys or intermetallic phases which are solidified with oxide and / or nitride and / or carbide particles.
  • oxides of one or more metals from the group of yttrium, aluminum, lanthanum, cerium and zircon have proven themselves in particular as solidifying particles.
  • a variant of a material which can be used according to the invention is to form the solidifying particles in the material in such a way that reactive metallic additives are added to the material, which are converted into the corresponding oxide, nitride or carbide particles during processing of the material and / or during heat treatment .
  • iron-based alloys 6-30% by weight Cr, 0-10% by weight Al, 0-2% by weight Ti, 0-10% by weight Mo, 0-10% by weight W, 0-10% by weight Ta, 0.1-2% by weight of one or more oxides from the group Y, Al, La, Ce and Zr, and Fe as the balance and as nickel-based alloys those with the composition 6-38% by weight Cr, 0.1-7% by weight Al, 0-2% by weight Ti, 0-5% by weight Mo, 0-5% by weight W, 0-5% by weight Ta, 0.1-2% by weight of one or more oxides from group Y, Al, La, Ce and Zr, and Ni as the rest, in particular proven.
  • a hollow format was produced from an ODS alloy of the same composition as in Example 1 by mechanical alloying of the powder starting materials, hot isostatic pressing and subsequent conventional hole pressing.
  • This blank was then turned into a sleeve-shaped blank with an inner diameter of 60 mm and a wall thickness of 5 mm.
  • the blank obtained in this way has a fine-grained structure. It was formed by spinning in only three overflows from the initial wall thickness of 5 mm to an end wall thickness of 0.7 mm. This corresponds to an overall degree of deformation of 84% relative cross-sectional decrease, which was achieved without heating and without intermediate annealing.
  • the tube was then examined for cracks using both the dye penetration method and the eddy current test. The tube was subsequently recrystallized in air at 1380 ° C. for one hour.
  • the microstructure shown in FIG. 2 was formed.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
EP96202345A 1995-08-28 1996-08-23 Procédé de fabrication d'un tube ODS sans soudure Expired - Lifetime EP0761826B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT45795 1995-08-28
AT457/95 1995-08-28
AT0045795U AT902U1 (de) 1995-08-28 1995-08-28 Verfahren zur herstellung nahtloser rohre

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0761826A2 true EP0761826A2 (fr) 1997-03-12
EP0761826A3 EP0761826A3 (fr) 1998-10-28
EP0761826B1 EP0761826B1 (fr) 2001-05-23

Family

ID=3491143

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96202345A Expired - Lifetime EP0761826B1 (fr) 1995-08-28 1996-08-23 Procédé de fabrication d'un tube ODS sans soudure

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0761826B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT902U1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59606939D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2158234T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115055532A (zh) * 2022-05-30 2022-09-16 西北工业大学 一种兼具高强度和高塑性的钴铬基合金无缝管制备方法

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB629131A (en) * 1947-05-05 1949-09-13 Samuel James Everett Improvements relating to the production of elongated metal tubular parts
US4034588A (en) * 1970-05-11 1977-07-12 Columbiana Foundry Company Methods of piercing and enlarging elongate metal members such as seamless tubes
FR2443884A1 (fr) * 1978-12-15 1980-07-11 Vallourec Fabrication de tubes sans soudure de forts diametres
CH671583A5 (fr) * 1986-12-19 1989-09-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
DE3832014C2 (de) * 1988-09-16 1994-11-24 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung hochfester nahtloser Stahlrohre
JPH02217443A (ja) * 1989-02-16 1990-08-30 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd ごみ焼却廃熱ボイラ管用高クロム鋼
DE59007734D1 (de) * 1989-05-16 1995-01-05 Asea Brown Boveri Verfahren zur Erzeugung grober längsgerichteter Stengelkristalle in einer oxyddispersionsgehärteten Nickelbasis-Superlegierung.
DE59105546D1 (de) * 1990-03-20 1995-06-29 Asea Brown Boveri Verfahren zur Erzeugung von längsgerichteten grobkörnigen Stengelkristallen in einem aus einer oxyddispersionsgehärteten Nickelbasis-Superlegierung bestehenden Werkstück.
DE4014614A1 (de) * 1990-05-07 1991-11-14 Pm Hochtemperatur Metall Gmbh Superlegierung auf nickelbasis
DE4332132A1 (de) * 1993-09-17 1995-03-23 Mannesmann Ag Herstellverfahren für nahtlose Rohre aus Nichteisenmetallen, insbesondere Kupfer und Kupferlegierungen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115055532A (zh) * 2022-05-30 2022-09-16 西北工业大学 一种兼具高强度和高塑性的钴铬基合金无缝管制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT902U1 (de) 1996-07-25
DE59606939D1 (de) 2001-06-28
EP0761826A3 (fr) 1998-10-28
ES2158234T3 (es) 2001-09-01
ATE201456T1 (de) 2001-06-15
EP0761826B1 (fr) 2001-05-23

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