EP0783089B1 - Brûleur sous forme d'un cône - Google Patents

Brûleur sous forme d'un cône Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0783089B1
EP0783089B1 EP96810821A EP96810821A EP0783089B1 EP 0783089 B1 EP0783089 B1 EP 0783089B1 EP 96810821 A EP96810821 A EP 96810821A EP 96810821 A EP96810821 A EP 96810821A EP 0783089 B1 EP0783089 B1 EP 0783089B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cone
burner
outlet diffuser
fuel
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96810821A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0783089A3 (fr
EP0783089A2 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Dr. Döbbeling
Adnan Dr. Eroglu
Hans Peter Knöpfel
Wolfgang Dr. Polifke
Thomas Dr. Sattelmayer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Publication of EP0783089A2 publication Critical patent/EP0783089A2/fr
Publication of EP0783089A3 publication Critical patent/EP0783089A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0783089B1 publication Critical patent/EP0783089B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C15/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in pulses influenced by acoustic resonance in a gas mass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/002—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
    • F23R3/12—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/283—Attaching or cooling of fuel injecting means including supports for fuel injectors, stems, or lances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/30—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply comprising fuel prevapourising devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/07002—Premix burners with air inlet slots obtained between offset curved wall surfaces, e.g. double cone burners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cone burner for gaseous and / or liquid fuels, according to the preamble of the claim 1.
  • EP-B1-0321809 discloses a gas for combustion and / or liquid fuels suitable double cone burners known.
  • This burner consists of two hollow, one into one Partial conical bodies which are tangential Have air inlet slots. At the radial end of each air inlet slot is a line for gaseous fuel arranged. Mixing the gaseous fuel into the combustion air flowing in tangentially therefore takes place within the air inlet slots, and that in the entire interior of the burner. When using liquid fuel this via a centrally arranged nozzle into the interior of the burner injected.
  • the invention tries to avoid all of these disadvantages. It is based on the task of a cone burner for gaseous and / or to create liquid fuels, the one has reduced NOx and CO emissions.
  • the partial cone body a common one at its downstream end Have outlet diffuser.
  • the partial cone bodies have one Transition area to the outlet diffuser, in which the size of the air inlet slots continuously in the direction of flow decreases.
  • the outlet diffuser is circular and has no air inlet slots educated.
  • the cone burner now has a circular exit cross-section to the combustion chamber, which is compared to the known double-cone burners the cooling air requirement for those used there Sickles are eliminated.
  • the outlet diffuser provides an additional advantage a stronger shielding of the reaction zone the neighboring burners, resulting in increased flame stability is achieved.
  • the diameter of the Fuel supply decreases in the direction of flow.
  • the gas perforation in the transition area according to the local slot width adjusted and an even distribution of the gaseous fuel in the combustion air.
  • the outlet diffuser has a length from about 10 to 25 percent of the total length of the cone burner has and has an exit surface which is not greater than 1.3 times one at the beginning of the transition area formed cross-sectional area of the partial cone bodies formed double cone part. Such, relative short diffuser results in a small boundary layer thickness, preventing the flame from kicking back in the boundary layer becomes.
  • the outlet diffuser has an opening angle that increases continuously in the direction of flow, which is initially equal to the cone angle of the burner and downstream continuously larger than this is. This stabilizes the wall boundary layer and thus minimizing the risk of flow separation.
  • FIG. 1 shows one known from the prior art Double cone burner shown. It consists of two halves, hollow partial cone bodies 1, 2 which are laterally offset from one another, lie on top of each other and complement each other to form a body. Therefore, the partial cone bodies 1, 2 have in the flow direction 3 offset central axes 4, 5 (Fig. 2). The double-cone burner points in the direction of flow 3 conical burner interior 6. Between the partial cone bodies 1, 2 are tangential air inlet slots 7, 8 formed.
  • both partial cone bodies 1, 2 and there at the outer end of the Air inlet slots 7, 8 are each a fuel line 9, 10 arranged for gaseous fuel 11 (Fig. 1).
  • the Fuel lines 9, 10 are with several, in the entire area of the air inlet slots 7, 8 evenly distributed and fuel feeds formed as openings 12 are provided.
  • Both partial cone bodies 1, 2 each have a cylindrical one Initial part 13, 14, which are also offset from one another are arranged.
  • the tangential air inlet slots 7, 8 upstream over the entire length of the double cone burner.
  • the double cone burner i.e. in its cylindrical beginning 13, 14, is an opening into the burner interior 6, central liquid fuel nozzle 15 arranged.
  • Both Partial cone bodies 1, 2 have a flat, in the range of 10 ° up to 30 ° trained cone angle 16.
  • Combustion chamber side 17 is a collar-shaped on the double-cone burner, as anchoring for the partial cone body 1, 2 serving end plate 18th arranged.
  • end plate 18 is a number of Bores 19 formed through which cooling air 20 for the Immediately upstream of the end plate 18, crescent-shaped Ends of the partial cone bodies 1, 2 to the combustion chamber 17 is derived.
  • liquid fuel 21 When liquid fuel 21 is used, its injection takes place at an acute angle, at the narrowest cross section of the burner interior 6. This forms a conical fuel profile 22, which is surrounded by rotating combustion air 23 flowing in via the tangential air inlet slots 7, 8. In the axial direction, the concentration of the liquid fuel 21 is continuously reduced by the mixed-in combustion air 23. At the downstream end of the double-cone burner, a central backflow zone 24 of the fuel mixture is formed, which causes the conical fuel profile 22 to burst (vortex breakdown). As a result, a good fuel concentration over the burner cross section is achieved in this area. The combustion mixture is ignited at the top of the reverse flow zone 24. Only at this point can a stable flame front 25 arise. If gaseous fuel 11 is burned, it passes through the openings 12 into the burner interior 6, where it is mixed with the combustion air 23. A conical fuel profile 22 is also formed in the burner interior 6.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a device according to the invention Double cone burner.
  • Double cone burner For the sake of clarity are only the essential components or the opposite the prior art shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 changed Components shown.
  • the two half, hollow partial cone bodies 1, 2 of the burner complement each other to form a body designed as a double cone part 26, which downstream in a common, circular Outlet diffuser 27 merges.
  • a transition region 28 from the double cone part 26 to the outlet diffuser 27 is Immediately upstream of the outlet diffuser 27.
  • this transition area 28 takes the size of the air inlet slots 7, 8 continuously in the direction of flow 3.
  • the burner cross section is continuously expanded, making the Area through which the fuel mixture flows also in the transition area 28 becomes larger or at least remains constant.
  • the outlet diffuser 27 has a length 29 of approximately 15 percent the total length 30 of the double-burner. Its exit surface 31 corresponds to approximately 1.3 times the cross-sectional area 32 at the beginning of the transition area 28. He owns an opening angle 33 which is initially equal to the cone angle 16 of the burner and in the flow direction 3 continuously increases.
  • transition region 28 to the outlet diffuser 27 is shown in FIG shown enlarged, whereby the arrangement and design of the ending at the downstream end of the transition region 28 Fuel line 9 become clear.
  • Figures 5 to 7 show three partial cross sections of the double cone part 26 in its transition region 28.
  • Fig. 5 is the beginning, in Fig. 6 the middle part and in Fig. 7 the end of the transition area 28 shown.
  • the transition area 28 becomes the diameter of the fuel line 9 and the openings 12 reduced in the direction of flow 3.
  • the air inlet slots 7, 8 are completely closed.
  • At downstream adjoining circular outlet diffuser 27 neither air inlet slots 7, 8 nor fuel lines 9, 10 arranged (Fig. 3).
  • the flow of the fuel mixture is in the outlet diffuser 27 slightly delayed and therefore unstable at its center. Thereby it only comes close to the downstream end of the outlet diffuser 27 to form the central backflow zone 24 of the fuel mixture and thus to burst the conical Fuel profile 22. Because the outlet diffuser 27 is trumpet-shaped is formed, there is a constant surface course from transition area 28 to the entry of the fuel mixture reached in the combustion chamber 17. As a result, the boundary layer resolves does not decrease in its interior, so that is advantageous a stable flame front only downstream of the double-cone burner 25 can train. By changing the length of the double cone part 26, the slot width, the opening angle 33 or the number of air inlet slots 7, 8 can be the location the vortex burst according to the specific conditions to be influenced.
  • Air inlet slots 7, 8 become a fluid transition from the double-cone burner geometry to the circular one Outlet diffuser 27 reached. This makes sudden cross-sectional jumps avoided.
  • the adjustment of the gas perforation the local size of the air inlet slots 7, 8 takes place through the corresponding reduction in the opening diameter. Naturally the distance between the openings 12 can also be increased become.
  • An additional advantage of the trumpet-shaped trained outlet diffuser 27 is the stabilizing one Effect of its convex curved wall.
  • the outlet diffuser has 27 an opening angle 34, which is equal to the cone angle 16 of the burner is formed (Fig. 8). Because of the simple, Straight shape of the outlet diffuser 27 can this double cone burner manufactured much lighter and cheaper become.
  • a cooling air baffle is outside the combustion chamber wall 35 36 arranged, which is upstream to the outlet diffuser 27 is sufficient and at the downstream end of the air inlet slots 7, 8 ends.
  • the outlet diffuser 27 is with in the space between combustion chamber wall 35 and cooling air baffle 36 back-flowing cooling air cooled from the outside, the latter finally in a plenum formed upstream of the burner 37 opens. Because of this convective cooling of the outlet diffuser 27, the operational security compared to first embodiment further improved.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Brûleur en forme de cône pour des combustibles gazeux et/ou liquides (11, 21), se composant de
    a) au moins deux corps partiels coniques creux (1, 2) se complétant mutuellement pour former un corps (26), dont les axes centraux (4, 5) sont disposés avec un décalage l'un par rapport à l'autre dans le sens de l'écoulement (3),
    b) fentes d'entrée d'air tangentielles (7, 8) disposées entre les corps partiels coniques (1, 2),
    c) plusieurs entrées de combustible (12) pour un combustible gazeux (11) réparties uniformément dans toute la région des fentes d'entrée d'air (7, 8),
    d) un espace intérieur de brûleur (6) s'évasant en forme de cône dans le sens de l'écoulement (3),
    e) un gicleur central à combustible liquide (15) disposé à l'extrémité amont du brûleur en forme de cône et débouchant dans l'espace intérieur de brûleur (6),
    caractérisé en ce que
    f) les corps partiels coniques (1, 2) possèdent à leur extrémité aval un diffuseur de sortie commun (27),
    g) les corps partiels coniques (1, 2) présentent une région de transition (28) vers le diffuseur de sortie (27), dans laquelle la grandeur des fentes d'entrée d'air (7, 8) diminue de façon continue dans le sens de l'écoulement (3),
    h) le diffuseur de sortie (27) est de forme circulaire et ne comporte pas de fentes d'entrée d'air (7, 8).
  2. Brûleur en forme de cône suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre des entrées de combustible (12) dans la région de transition (28) des corps partiels coniques (1, 2) diminue dans le sens de l'écoulement (3).
  3. Brûleur en forme de cône suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le diffuseur de sortie (27) présente une longueur (29) d'environ 10 à 25 pour cent de la longueur totale (30) du brûleur en forme de cône et possède une section de sortie (31), qui n'est pas supérieure à 1,3 fois une section transversale (32) du corps (26) formée au début de la région de transition (28).
  4. Brûleur en forme de cône suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le diffuseur de sortie (27) possède un angle d'ouverture (34) qui est égal à la conicité (16) du brûleur.
  5. Brûleur en forme de cône suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le diffuseur de sortie (27) possède un angle d'ouverture (33), qui est initialement égal à la conicité (16) du brûleur et qui augmente en continu dans le sens de l'écoulement (3).
EP96810821A 1995-12-27 1996-11-25 Brûleur sous forme d'un cône Expired - Lifetime EP0783089B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19548853A DE19548853A1 (de) 1995-12-27 1995-12-27 Kegelbrenner
DE19548853 1995-12-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0783089A2 EP0783089A2 (fr) 1997-07-09
EP0783089A3 EP0783089A3 (fr) 1998-11-11
EP0783089B1 true EP0783089B1 (fr) 2001-04-11

Family

ID=7781504

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96810821A Expired - Lifetime EP0783089B1 (fr) 1995-12-27 1996-11-25 Brûleur sous forme d'un cône

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5807097A (fr)
EP (1) EP0783089B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3810502B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1119560C (fr)
DE (2) DE19548853A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0924458B1 (fr) * 1997-12-22 2002-08-28 Alstom Brûleur
RU2167363C2 (ru) * 1999-05-25 2001-05-20 Открытое акционерное общество "Авиадвигатель" Горелка с предварительным смешением газового топлива и воздуха
EP1217295B1 (fr) * 2000-12-23 2006-08-23 ALSTOM Technology Ltd Brûleur pour la génération d'un gaz chaud
DE10342763A1 (de) * 2003-09-16 2005-07-07 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Gasbrenner für flüssigen Brennstoff
FR2870741B1 (fr) * 2004-05-25 2008-03-14 Coletica Sa Phase lamellaires hydratees ou liposomes, contenant une monoamine grasse ou un polymere cationique favorisant la penetration intercellulaire, et composition cosmetique ou pharmaceutique la contenant.
EP1817526B1 (fr) * 2004-11-30 2019-03-20 Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG Procédé et dispositif de combustion d'hydrogène dans un brûleur a prémelange
USD544090S1 (en) * 2005-06-03 2007-06-05 Emerson Electric Co. Radial diffuser
FR2915989B1 (fr) * 2007-05-10 2011-05-20 Saint Gobain Emballage Injecteur mixte a bas nox
CN101852443B (zh) * 2010-03-15 2012-04-18 高海华 生物质锅炉加氧猛火燃尽装置
EP2831508A1 (fr) * 2012-03-29 2015-02-04 ALSTOM Technology Ltd Chambre de combustion de turbine à gaz
EP2722591A1 (fr) * 2012-10-22 2014-04-23 Alstom Technology Ltd Brûleur à multiples cones pour une turbine à gaz
US8967985B2 (en) 2012-11-13 2015-03-03 Roper Pump Company Metal disk stacked stator with circular rigid support rings
CN104566371A (zh) * 2014-12-15 2015-04-29 昆山富凌能源利用有限公司 一种环保节能燃气灶芯
KR101990767B1 (ko) * 2017-08-09 2019-06-20 한국기계연구원 이중 원추형 가스터빈용 버너 및 이 버너에 공기를 공급하는 방법
CN109737450B (zh) * 2018-12-11 2019-12-03 北京航空航天大学 燃烧室燃烧振荡控制装置及燃烧室燃烧振荡控制方法
CN116557908B (zh) * 2023-02-28 2025-09-09 中山大学·深圳 一种带有气动雾化功能的可变火焰稳定器

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3707773C2 (de) * 1987-03-11 1996-09-05 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Einrichtung zur Prozesswärmeerzeugung
CH674561A5 (fr) 1987-12-21 1990-06-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
CH679692A5 (fr) * 1989-04-24 1992-03-31 Asea Brown Boveri
ATE124528T1 (de) * 1990-10-17 1995-07-15 Asea Brown Boveri Brennkammer einer gasturbine.
DE4316474A1 (de) * 1993-05-17 1994-11-24 Abb Management Ag Vormischbrenner zum Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine, einer Brennkammer einer Gasturbogruppe oder Feuerungsanlage
DE4426353A1 (de) * 1994-07-25 1996-02-01 Abb Research Ltd Brenner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH09189406A (ja) 1997-07-22
EP0783089A3 (fr) 1998-11-11
DE59606762D1 (de) 2001-05-17
US5807097A (en) 1998-09-15
JP3810502B2 (ja) 2006-08-16
EP0783089A2 (fr) 1997-07-09
CN1158397A (zh) 1997-09-03
CN1119560C (zh) 2003-08-27
DE19548853A1 (de) 1997-07-03

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