EP0797483A1 - Procede de revetement en continu d'un substrat en forme de bande a l'aide d'une composition de peinture thermodurcissable - Google Patents

Procede de revetement en continu d'un substrat en forme de bande a l'aide d'une composition de peinture thermodurcissable

Info

Publication number
EP0797483A1
EP0797483A1 EP95907141A EP95907141A EP0797483A1 EP 0797483 A1 EP0797483 A1 EP 0797483A1 EP 95907141 A EP95907141 A EP 95907141A EP 95907141 A EP95907141 A EP 95907141A EP 0797483 A1 EP0797483 A1 EP 0797483A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film
band
process according
shaped substrate
paint
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95907141A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Wilhelmus Besamusca
Paul Herman Guillaume Binda
Martinus Ploeg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke DSM NV
Original Assignee
DSM NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DSM NV filed Critical DSM NV
Publication of EP0797483A1 publication Critical patent/EP0797483A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/0895—Manufacture of polymers by continuous processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/26—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
    • B05D1/265—Extrusion coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C09D175/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2150/00—Compositions for coatings
    • C08G2150/20—Compositions for powder coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2250/00—Compositions for preparing crystalline polymers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the continuous coating of a band-shaped substrate with a thermosetting paint composition comprising, first forming a film from a thermosetting paint in viscous form, applying said film to the band-shaped substrate, and subsequently curing the paint film.
  • EP- A-369,477 describes a process in which a band-shaped metal substrate is unwound from a coil, prepared and dried.
  • a fluid powder paint composition is directly applied by an extruder with a film applicator at a temperature below the reaction temperature of the crosslinker, after which the paint composition is applied to the coil.
  • the temperature is then increased to above the reaction temperature of the crosslinker and the paint is distributed and cured after which the substrate is cooled and rewound.
  • the reaction between epoxy and acid functional groups is the most important curing reaction used in practice for crosslinking thermosetting powder paint compositions.
  • EP-A-369,477 does not describe a paint composition suitable for using with such a process.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improvement of a process for the continuous coating of a band-shaped substrate with a thermosetting paint composition which overcomes the stated problem.
  • the invention is characterized in that the paint composition comprises a binder composition consisting of a hydroxyl-functional polyester resin and a crosslinker having blocked isocyanate groups.
  • a binder composition is defined as a composition comprising the combination of resin and crosslinker.
  • a paint composition is defined as a mixture comprising a binder composition and various additives such as for example pigment, catalyst and flow agent. A coating results after the curing of the paint formulation.
  • the powder paint formulation is preferably fed in particulate form to a hot melt compounding unit, where it is converted, above the glass transition temperature of the binder system, into viscous form before being applied.
  • particulate form means that the composition consists of chunks, chips, powder, lumps or any other kinds of processible loose solids.
  • the hot melt compounding unit can, for example, be a single or twin screw extruder or a melting pot.
  • a hot melt compounding unit is employed in which heating as well as a certain degree of motion can occur, optionally with a build-up of pressure.
  • an extruder is employed.
  • twin screw extruder it is possible to allow thorough mixing to occur in the extruder. This makes it feasible to feed a dry blend paint formulation comprising substantially unmixed raw materials to the extruder, which yields substantial upstream savings in paint preparation. The blend is mixed, melted and compounded in the extruder to obtain a paint.
  • a twin screw extruder also enables the practitioner to introduce other additives and pigments, into the extruder simultaneously with the aforementioned constituent elements, to obtain a good homogeneous blend.
  • the binder composition is preferably added in already compounded form, or in a form in which the constituent parts are at least partly mixed.
  • the binder composition becomes viscous in the hot melt compounding unit and it is thereafter converted into film form.
  • the latter is preferably carried out by pressing the viscous paint composition through a slit- shaped aperture (die).
  • a die with a suitable aperture for this purpose is a flat film die, which is well-known to those skilled in the extrusion arts.
  • An example of a flat film die is a so-called coathanger die, which provides for a uniform outflow rate across the entire width.
  • a die having an aperture width of 0.5-1 mm is preferred.
  • the film extruded through such a die is relatively homogeneous.
  • the film will generally have a thickness corresponding with the desired thickness of the coating, for example 20 ⁇ m - 100 ⁇ m.
  • the film is preferably applied pressureless, i.e. with a gap between the outflow aperture of the extruder and the surface of the band-shaped material: the so-called R-gap.
  • This gap is preferably between 0.1 and 2 cm, and more preferably is narrower than 1 cm. If the gap is too wide, there will be excessive necking of the film between the outflow aperture and the band-shaped material.
  • the aperture width is set such that necking does not exceed the desired width of the coating. The outflow aperture will therefore generally be wider than the width of the material to be coated.
  • the outflow velocity of the film from the outflow aperture will be set relative to the displacement velocity of the band-shaped material such that the film is stretched by a factor of 5 to 20.
  • the film is stretched by a factor of 8 to 12.
  • the film is stretched so that the film is applied in a thickness of approximately 25 to 75 ⁇ m.
  • the film is found to be sufficiently elastic for such stretching.
  • the film will readily adhere to most kinds of band-shaped material.
  • the applied film is preferably pressed onto the band-shaped substrate. Pressing the applied film can be accomplished using various means, such as a pressure roller, for example a polishing roll, or with compressed air, for example an air knife.
  • the pressure roller is preferably cooled and has a polished, chrome-plated or teflon-coated surface.
  • the roll is pressed onto the band-shaped material as close as possible to the outflow aperture (and should therefore preferably not be too large) but at the same time not too close to the outflow aperture, because the roll will then be in contact with the film over too great an area, with the risk of excessive cooling of the latter.
  • the band-shaped material After being coated, the band-shaped material is re-wound.
  • the winding speed of the band-shaped material and the paint composition extrusion speed must be adjusted to one another.
  • the winding speed of the material will generally lie between about 30 and about 150 /min, and preferably between about 60 and about 100 m/min, with the aim generally being to maximize the speed.
  • the band-shaped material can have a thickness of up to about 2.5 mm or more and this thickness is usually between about 0.2 and about 0.8 mm.
  • the width of the material generally ranges between 0.05 and about 2.5 m.
  • the band-shaped material is heated in a pre ⁇ heating oven to a temperature To between about 50°C and about 200°C, and preferably to a temperature between 100°C and about 170°C. More preferably, To is about 120°C to about 150°C.
  • the film can, in principle, be applied in any desired thickness, but is preferably applied in a thickness greater than 20 ⁇ m, and more preferably in a thickness of about 50 to about 100 ⁇ m, and most preferably in a thickness of about 60 to about 100 ⁇ m.
  • the paint formulation is extruded at a temperature T x at which the paint cannot yet cure. In general, this is a temperature higher than 90°C, because otherwise the viscosity of the paint is too high to permit successful extrusion.
  • T x is preferably between about 80°C and about 150°C and more preferably between about 90°C and 130°C.
  • the paint formulation is generally cured in an oven.
  • the throughput time in the oven is generally kept as short as possible and generally ranges between about 10 and about 60 seconds.
  • the curing occurs in 15 to 50 seconds and more preferably in about 20 to about 30 seconds.
  • the curing oven can be an infrared oven, a gas oven or other suitable type of oven.
  • the curing temperature T 2 generally lies between about 130°C and about 350°C and preferably between about 160°C and about 300°C and more preferably between about 230°C and about 260°C. It should be noted that T 2 must always be greater than T x .
  • the temperature T 2 means the temperature of the band-shaped material (the so-called "peak metal temperature") and the applied coating. The temperature of the oven may be higher than T 2 .
  • Suitable band-shaped substrates include for example aluminum, cold-rolled steel and (hot dip) galvanized steel.
  • the substrate may be pretreated, for example with a primer.
  • a primer is generally applied as a thin layer in wet form.
  • the band-shaped material can, if desired, be successively repeatedly coated according to the process of the present invention.
  • the same or different paint compositions can be applied in each successive treatment. On most existing equipment, preference will be given to applying the paint in a single operation.
  • the paint is applied in a single coating treatment, i.e. single operation, due to the limitations imposed by equipment installed in most present-day factories.
  • Polyesters are generally obtained by reaction of aliphatic polyalcohols and polycarboxylic acids.
  • the polycarboxylic acids generally are selected from the group consisting of aromatic and cycloaliphatic polycarboxylic acids because these acids tend to have a Tg increasing effect on the polyester. In particular two- basic acids are used.
  • Examplary polycarboxylic acids are isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, hexahydro terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid and 4,4-oxybisbenzoic acid and, in so far as available, their anhydrides, acid chlorides or lower alkyl esters such as e.g. the dimethylester of naphthalene dicarboxylic acid.
  • the carboxylic acid component usually comprises at least about 50 mol%, preferably at least about 70 mol%, isophthalic acid and/or terephthalic acid.
  • aromatic cycloaliphatic and/or acyclic polycarboxylic acids useful herein include, for example, 3,6-dichloro phthalic acid, tetrachloro phthalic acid, tetrahydro phthalic acid, hexahydro terephthalic acid, hexachloro endomethylene tetrahydro phthalic acid, phthalic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, decane dicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, trimellitic acid and maleic acid.
  • carboxylic acids can be used in amounts of up to at most 50 mol% of the total amount of carboxylic acids. These acids may be used as such, or, in so far as available at their anhydrides, acid chlorides or lower alkyl esters.
  • Hydroxy carboxylic acids and/or optionally lactones can also be used, such as, for example, 12-hydroxy stearic acid, hydroxy pivalic acid and ⁇ -caprolactone.
  • Monocarboxylic acids such as, for example, benzoic acid, tert.-butyl benzoic acid, hexahydro benzoic acid and saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, can, if desired, be used in minor amounts.
  • the polyester can be a crystalline polyester, although amorphous polyesters are preferred. Mixtures of crystalline and amorphous polyesters can be used. Amorphous polyesters have a viscosity generally within a range of between 100 and 8000 dPas (measured at 158°C, Emila). Crystalline polyesters usually have a lower viscosity in the range of about 2 to about 200 dPas.
  • Hydroxyl functional polyesters can be prepared in a manner known per se by the use of a sufficient excess of glycol (polyalcohol) in the polyester synthesis.
  • the hydroxyl value of the polyester is preferably between 10 and 80 mg KOH/g resin and more preferably between 15 and 60 mg KOH/g resin.
  • the Tg of the polyester is chosen such that the Tg of the polyester-crosslinker mixture is sufficiently high (preferably > 30°C) to ensure physical stability of the powder paints or binders prepared from them at room temperature. If so desired, combinations of polyester and crosslinker having a lower Tg can be used for preparing a powder coating composition. However, to maintain powder stability such powders are stored chilled.
  • the Tg of the polyester is preferably 40-90°C and more preferably 45- 75°C. In the case of crystalline polyesters, the Tg may also be significantly lower than the aforementioned value of 30°C. The crystallization temperature must then be higher than 30°C, and preferably higher than 45°C.
  • Isocyanates include, among others, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic di-, tri- and tetraisocyanates such as, for example, 1,5-naphthalenediisocyanate, 4,4'- diphenylmethanediisocyanate, 4,4 '-diphenyldimethyl- methanediisocyanate, di- and tetraalkyldiphenylmethane- diisocyanate, 4,4 '-dibenzyldiisocyanate, 1,3- phenylenediisocyanate, 1,4-phenylenediisocyanate, isomers of toluenediisocyanate, l-methyl-2,4-diisocyanate- cyclohexane, 1,6-diisocyanate-2,2,4-trimethylhexane, 1,6- diisocyanate-2,4,4-trimethylhexane and 1-isocyanate- methyl-3-iso
  • the volatility can be suppressed by trimerization, for example, or by reaction with isocyanate-reactive compounds.
  • any blocking agent can be employed, as long as the deblocking temperature is higher than the temperature at which extrusion takes place.
  • Illustrative blocking agents usefully employed to block an isocyanate herein include, for example, phenols, alcohols, thioalcohols, thiophenols, oximes, ⁇ -dicarbonyl compounds, lactams, aminimides, amines, amides, imides, nitrilocarbonates and isocyanate-dimers.
  • methylethylketoxime or caprolactam is employed. Methylethylketoxime deblocks at 130-150°C and caprolactam at 180°C.
  • an internally blocked isocyanate is used.
  • Internally blocked isocyanates are commercially available, e.g. Vestonal BF 1540TM (produced by Hills).
  • An exemplary internally blocked isocyanate compound is an urethidione derived from IPDI.
  • additives such as fillers, gloss agents, pigments, antioxidants, stabilizers, flow agents and/or catalysts can be added to the resin during mixing.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of equipment on which the process according to the invention might be carried out.
  • reference numeral (1) designates a coil of band-shaped material, metal foil for example.
  • a band (2) of the coiled material is unwound and transported, horizontally to the right in Figure 1.
  • the plant configuration can be adapted to any particular configuration.
  • the configuration shown in Figure 1 is therefore not presently regarded as being the only means for setting up the apparatus for carrying out the present processes.
  • the band is heated in an oven (3) to a desired temperature T x .
  • the paint formulation is supplied by the schematically represented extruder (4) at a temperature Tl, after which the paint formulation is applied by the extruder die (5) as a film to the band at temperature T 0 as shown by reference numeral (6), drawn as a thickening of band 2.
  • the above-referenced process involves pressing a cold block of material against a heated moving sheet. This has the further disadvantage of creating major shearing forces between the material and the heated moving sheet. In addition, the quantity of the coating being applied is difficult to control.
  • JP-A-54- 158448 Another process for coating a band-shaped material with an extruded coating is described in JP-A-54- 158448, the complete disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the examples of JP-A-54-158448 teach to use a binder system based on an epoxy resin or on a polyester-TGIC system or on an acrylate polymer. These examples do not indicate to use the binder composition according to the present invention.
  • JP-A-54-157142 describes a process for coating a band-shaped material with an extruded coating.
  • the coating in JP-A-157142 is based on a resin curing under the influence of air, such as an unsaturated polyester resin or an epoxy resin, for example. This has the drawback that the resin must be stored in the absence of air and that it cannot be used to produce thicker-layer coatings, because the interior of a thick layer does not come into sufficient contact with air to cure sufficiently.
  • the curing rate of the system according to JP-A-54-157142 is also far lower than the curing rate of the system according to the present invention.
  • GB-A-1443292, DE-A-3328133 and US-A-4528355 are examples of publications which describe powder paint compositions based on a mixture of a hydroxyl functional polyester and a blocked isocyanate. However, these applications do not relate to a process for the continuous coating of a band-shaped material.
  • US-A-3503823 discloses a process for coating sheet metal strips on to a reel with a thermosetting resin wherein the resin is applied directly to the moving metal strip. It relates to extrusion coating of a metal substrate comprising heating the coated substrated at least on the interface between the coating and the substrate to a temperature which is higher than that of the coating material at the time when the coating material is extruded onto the substrate. The substrate may be heated immediately before or after the coating is extruded onto the metal. US-A-3503823 does not disclose or suggest to use the binder composition according to the present invention.
  • composition was extruded as film using a flat film die (about 30 cm) of the coathanger type on a coil-coating line (about 280 mm), with a cooled and polished pressure roller pressing the film onto the coil, which was pre-heated to 170°C.
  • the aluminium coil coated in this way was then cured in an oven at a peak metal temperature (“PMT”) of 250°C.
  • Example I The process of Example I was followed, with the pressure roller being replaced by an air knife which used compressed air to press the film onto the band-shaped material.
  • Example I The process according to Example I was repeated using a paint consisting of 558 parts carboxyl-functional polyester resin Dralac P5000TM (DSM Resins), 42 parts TGIC as crosslinker, 300 parts titanium dioxide, 9 parts flow agent and 4.5 parts benzoin.
  • Example II Onto a band-shaped material as described in Example I, a powder paint layer was sprayed in various thicknesses between 25 and lOO ⁇ m in powder form using a conventional method of powder paint application. It was not possible to achieve a line speed as high as in the examples according to the present invention. Moreover, the surface of the film produced was of lower quality because of orange peel.
  • the process according to the present invention has the additional advantage that several process steps can be omitted, allowing the product to be obtained considerably more economically.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de revêtement en continu d'un substrat en forme de bande à l'aide d'une composition de peinture thermodurcissable. Le procédé consiste à former un film de peinture thermodurcissable à l'état visqueux, puis à appliquer ce film sur le substrat en forme de bande, et enfin à faire durcir le film de peinture. La composition de peinture comporte une composition liante constituée d'une résine polyester hydroxyl-fonctionnelle et d'un agent de réticulation à groupes isocyanates inhibés.
EP95907141A 1994-02-14 1995-02-03 Procede de revetement en continu d'un substrat en forme de bande a l'aide d'une composition de peinture thermodurcissable Withdrawn EP0797483A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE9400172A BE1008074A3 (nl) 1994-02-14 1994-02-14 Werkwijze voor het op continue wijze bedekken van een strookvormig materiaal met een thermohardende verf.
BE9400172 1994-02-14
PCT/NL1995/000050 WO1995021706A1 (fr) 1994-02-14 1995-02-03 Procede de revetement en continu d'un substrat en forme de bande a l'aide d'une composition de peinture thermodurcissable

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0797483A1 true EP0797483A1 (fr) 1997-10-01

Family

ID=3887968

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95907141A Withdrawn EP0797483A1 (fr) 1994-02-14 1995-02-03 Procede de revetement en continu d'un substrat en forme de bande a l'aide d'une composition de peinture thermodurcissable

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0797483A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1545795A (fr)
BE (1) BE1008074A3 (fr)
FI (1) FI963161A7 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995021706A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1083300C (zh) * 1996-06-14 2002-04-24 巴斯福涂料股份公司 金属带材涂漆方法
EP1319698A1 (fr) * 2001-12-12 2003-06-18 Dsm N.V. Procédé pour l'application de masse thermofusible
JPWO2007032060A1 (ja) * 2005-09-13 2009-03-19 サンスター技研株式会社 高粘度材料の塗布装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2151871C3 (de) * 1971-10-19 1979-04-05 Elastogran Gmbh, 2844 Lemfoerde Vorrichtung zur fortlaufenden Beschichtung der Rückseite von Teppichen mit Kunststoffschaum auf der Basis von Polyurethan
DE2352239A1 (de) * 1973-10-18 1975-04-30 Cassella Farbwerke Mainkur Ag In der hitze haertbare ueberzugsmittel zur schmelzbeschichtung
DE3328131C2 (de) * 1983-08-04 1994-02-03 Huels Chemische Werke Ag Pulverlacke auf der Basis teilblockierter IPDI-Isocyanurate und hydroxylgruppenhaltiger Polyester sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung matter Überzüge
DE3328133C2 (de) * 1983-08-04 1986-07-31 Hüls AG, 4370 Marl Pulverlacke auf der Basis von uretdiongruppenhaltigen Isophorondiisocyanatadditionsverbindungen und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung matter Überzüge

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9521706A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI963161L (fi) 1996-08-13
FI963161A0 (fi) 1996-08-13
AU1545795A (en) 1995-08-29
BE1008074A3 (nl) 1996-01-09
FI963161A7 (fi) 1996-08-13
WO1995021706A1 (fr) 1995-08-17

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