EP0806030A1 - AMORTISSEUR DE BRUIT l/4 - Google Patents

AMORTISSEUR DE BRUIT l/4

Info

Publication number
EP0806030A1
EP0806030A1 EP96900025A EP96900025A EP0806030A1 EP 0806030 A1 EP0806030 A1 EP 0806030A1 EP 96900025 A EP96900025 A EP 96900025A EP 96900025 A EP96900025 A EP 96900025A EP 0806030 A1 EP0806030 A1 EP 0806030A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sound
resonators
absorber according
sound absorber
openings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96900025A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0806030B1 (fr
Inventor
Robert H. Van Ligten
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Autoneum International AG
Original Assignee
Rieter Automotive International AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rieter Automotive International AG filed Critical Rieter Automotive International AG
Publication of EP0806030A1 publication Critical patent/EP0806030A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0806030B1 publication Critical patent/EP0806030B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sound absorber according to the preamble of claim 1 and in particular to a sound absorber for vehicles made from several tubular resonators, preferably of different lengths.
  • the walls of the box-shaped hollow body must be lightweight, ie very thin.
  • these thin-walled hollow bodies tend to deform due to the fluctuations in sound pressure and thus limit the quality factor of the resonator. Since the quality factor significantly influences the efficiency of the absorbers, the lightweight construction must also always accept a reduction in the acoustic effectiveness of these absorbers.
  • the acoustic effectiveness of these absorbers is fundamentally limited because the number of sound-absorbing openings is limited by the geometric expansion of the individual hollow bodies.
  • these hollow bodies have a base area of 15x15mm 2 to 60x60mm 2 , with a construction height of 5 to 25mm and a hole diameter of 4 to 11mm.
  • the openings are directed upwards and can therefore easily fill the cavities with moisture and dirt, which again affects the sound absorption.
  • An insulating part is also known from DE-39'13 347, which has a multiplicity of cell-like cavities arranged closely next to one another, which are open on one side. With this insulating part, the energy of the impinging sound field is essentially irregular Reflections, absorption in the material and interference effects dissipated.
  • a sound absorber with the features of claim 1, i.e. with a sound absorber made of several tubular resonators, preferably of different lengths, the at least one sound opening of which adjoins a sound-reflecting surface.
  • the tubular resonators can take any position on the sound-reflecting surface, in particular the resonators can also rest on this surface.
  • a sound pressure maximum is formed directly in front of this surface.
  • This sound pressure maximum arises from the superposition of the incident and reflected wave at this point.
  • the mouth of a tube is placed directly on such a sound-reflecting surface.
  • the incident sound wave thus runs into the tube, is reflected at its end, and runs back to the mouth opening.
  • Sound waves, the wavelength of which is 4 times the length of the tube appear at the mouth opening with a phase shift of half a wavelength.
  • This creates a strong sound pressure gradient in the mouth area which contributes locally to high air flow velocities and thus to the desired dissipation of acoustic energy.
  • ⁇ / 4 tubes can be arranged in any direction and also do not necessarily have to have a straight course.
  • the cross section of these tubes can also have any shape. It is understood by a person skilled in the art to adapt the length of the tubes to the selected shapes and resonance frequencies. However, those skilled in the art will simply choose shapes with a substantially constant cross-sectional area.
  • interaction zones A ⁇ areas in which destructive interference takes place are essential for the effective functioning of the present invention.
  • these areas are called interaction zones A ⁇ , their expansion with the respective sound opening area A Q and the
  • Quality factor Q can be related. It turns out that the ratio between the area of the interaction zone A w and the sound opening area A 0 is proportional to the quality factor Q.
  • the openings of the tubular resonators are preferably distributed over the corner points of an imaginary network of isosceles triangles.
  • the individual tubular resonators are tuned to a sound field in the range of 1-2 kHz, i.e. have a length corresponding to the quarter-wave length of approximately 80-40 mm.
  • Standing waves can be formed in these ⁇ / 4 resonators, which are phase-shifted by ⁇ / 2 with respect to the wave front of the same wavelength reflected in the mouth region and which interfere destructively with it.
  • the ⁇ / 4 absorber according to the invention has at least one group of tubular resonators of different lengths. It does not matter whether the sound openings are on the front or on the jacket side.
  • Resonators distributed on a surface.
  • the effectiveness of the mechanism shown also depends to a large extent on the sound-reflecting property of the material forming the cavity. Soft and resilient materials lead to reflection losses and impair the above absorption mechanism. It is therefore understood that only for the resonators according to the invention airtight, smooth and reverberant, ie good sound reflecting materials come into question.
  • the ⁇ / 4 resonators are formed from a sheet metal or plastic film. By arranging the resonators in groups, they can be attached to the vehicle in a tile-like manner and aligned in such a way that any contamination by water or oil cannot get caught, i.e. can flow out again directly.
  • Sound absorbers can be made using known means. By applying the reverberant absorbers, vehicle parts that tend to oscillate and vibrate are additionally stiffened and damped.
  • the cavities are molded directly into a reverberant matrix, preferably into a lightweight matrix made of plastic, metal or ceramic.
  • Figures la to ld show the basic arrangement of the resonators in relation to the sound-reflecting surface A.
  • the ⁇ / 4 resonator is perpendicular to the sound-reflecting surface A. Its mouth opening A 0 lies in this surface A. It leaves it can be demonstrated experimentally that the sound absorption decreases to the extent that the mouth opening A Q projects beyond the sound-reflecting surface A.
  • the resonator 3 can also be inclined or in the manner of a roof tile in relation to the sound-reflecting surface A. This allows the overall thickness of the entire resonator to be reduced. This arrangement lends itself particularly to its simple method of manufacture and is suitable for use as a modular kit.
  • the length of the individual resonators 3 and their diameter can easily be adapted to the desired absorption properties.
  • a preferred arrangement is shown in Figure lc.
  • the resonators 3 lie parallel on the sound-reflecting surface A. This arrangement works according to the invention, ie locally generates a strong air flow in the area A w .
  • the arrangement shown in FIG. 1d corresponds to that in FIG. 1c, but is easier to manufacture in practice.
  • the sound opening A 0 of the resonator 3 can be located on the end face thereof, or, as shown in FIG.
  • the cross-sectional area of the resonator 3 can have any shape and in particular the resonators 3 themselves do not necessarily have to have a straight course, but can also be designed with a curved course.
  • Figure 2 shows a simple embodiment of the inventive sound absorber in supervision.
  • a group of resonators 10 are designed as straight hollow bodies, which have a sound opening either at the end 13 or at the bottom 15.
  • the honeycomb-shaped base surface 12 allows a surface-covering coating.
  • the individual resonators 10 have a length of 43 mm to 84 mm, i.e. are tuned to frequencies between 1 and 2 kHz.
  • These ⁇ / 4 absorbers can be produced, for example, from hard and smooth plastic or molded from sheet metal foils.
  • FIG. 3a shows a box-shaped embodiment made of an extruded plastic molded part 16.
  • the cross section of the individual resonators 10 is approximately rectangular here.
  • the sound-effective mouth openings 17 are provided on the jacket side.
  • the end walls 18 of the resonators 10 can be moved as desired. This allows a targeted optimization of the acoustic absorption effectiveness. It goes without saying that these ⁇ / 4 absorbers can also be arranged in several layers.
  • FIG. 3b shows an embodiment in which the resonators 16 are essentially made up of two molded parts 7, 9.
  • a first molded part 7 is preferably made of aluminum and has ribs 8 running parallel to one another.
  • This molded part 7 can be formed directly from aluminum foam or from an aluminum sheet.
  • the ribs 8 of this molded part 7 are provided with a second molded part 9, in particular a film or a sheet metal, preferably made of aluminum, and together form the hollow bodies 6 according to the invention.
  • the openings 5 can be punched out of the second molded part 9.
  • FIG. 4a shows a further modular embodiment of the ⁇ / 4 absorber according to the invention. This consists of block-like components 25, in which the tubular
  • Resonators 27 are. These can be subsequently drilled out or directly molded using an appropriate injection molding process. In a preferred form, the cavities of the resonators 27 run parallel to the block geometry and these blocks 25 are placed on one another and fixed in the manner of roof tiles during assembly. It goes without saying that the optimal dimensioning of the tubular resonators 23 is within the range of the skilled person.
  • Various reverberant materials can also be used to manufacture these ⁇ / 4 absorber blocks. For the time being, only light-weight materials, such as hard plastics, open-cell or closed-cell foams, in particular aluminum foam, coated papers or foils, in particular aluminum foils, are suitable for vehicle construction. For other applications, for example in building or road construction, the materials customary there can of course be used, as long as it is smooth and sound-reflecting surface within the resonators is observed.
  • the resonators 27 run obliquely to the block geometry.
  • the angular position of the individual resonators can of course differ from one another.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of the distribution of the resonators of different lengths. Here are the
  • Resonator groups in this length range and with a cross-sectional area of 0.25 to 2 cm 2 can be produced inexpensively by deforming a plastic or metal foil in such a way that semi-tubular depressions form and mounting this shaped foil against a carrier layer or carrier plate resp. is stuck on.
  • Such shaped resonators are also sound-hard when using thin foils because of the inherent rigidity of curved surfaces and have a high quality factor as resonators.
  • the resonators according to the invention are glued to the inner surface of the walls or roof of, for example, panel vans.
  • the ⁇ / 4 resonator foils have an additional stiffening effect and, if the adhesive is selected appropriately, also produce a vibration-damping effect.
  • a special technical problem in vehicle construction are cavities that arise from the special structure of the chassis. Particular attention must be paid to the cavities in doors between the sheet metal and the cladding.
  • the ⁇ / 4 absorber film according to the invention can be applied both to the door panel and to the door trim. When gluing to the door panel, the stiffening and vibration-damping effect can in turn be benefited.
  • the absorbers according to the invention are primarily suitable for applications in which the disturbing and to be absorbed noise occurs in a limited frequency range.
  • gearboxes or toothed belts which run at constant speed, produce fans of fans, electric motors or propeller motors in aircraft, noise sources with a precisely defined narrow frequency range.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des amortisseurs de bruits constitués d'une pluralité de résonnateurs (10) tubulaires dont les ouvertures Ao destinées aux bruits sont contigües à une surface commune (A) et sont réparties de sorte que les zones d'interaction Aw desdites ouvertures Ao soient réparties de façon à couvrir la surface la plus grande possible tout en ne se chevauchant pratiquement pas. Des modes de réalisation préférés consistent en des pièces moulées (7, 9) extrudées en plastique présentant une rigidité mécanique et une raideur acoustique adéquates.
EP96900025A 1995-01-27 1996-01-04 AMORTISSEUR DE BRUIT l/4 Expired - Lifetime EP0806030B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH22695 1995-01-27
CH00226/95A CH690143A5 (de) 1995-01-27 1995-01-27 Lambda/4-Schallabsorber.
CH226/95 1995-01-27
PCT/CH1996/000002 WO1996023294A1 (fr) 1995-01-27 1996-01-04 AMORTISSEUR DE BRUIT μ/4

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0806030A1 true EP0806030A1 (fr) 1997-11-12
EP0806030B1 EP0806030B1 (fr) 2000-08-30

Family

ID=4182165

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96900025A Expired - Lifetime EP0806030B1 (fr) 1995-01-27 1996-01-04 AMORTISSEUR DE BRUIT l/4

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US5959265A (fr)
EP (1) EP0806030B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3778935B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1173937A (fr)
AR (1) AR000728A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR9606802A (fr)
CH (1) CH690143A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE59605821D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2150092T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT806030E (fr)
WO (1) WO1996023294A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59605821D1 (de) 2000-10-05
US5959265A (en) 1999-09-28
WO1996023294A1 (fr) 1996-08-01
CH690143A5 (de) 2000-05-15
JP3778935B2 (ja) 2006-05-24
EP0806030B1 (fr) 2000-08-30
JPH10512687A (ja) 1998-12-02
PT806030E (pt) 2001-01-31
ES2150092T3 (es) 2000-11-16
BR9606802A (pt) 1997-12-30
CN1173937A (zh) 1998-02-18
AR000728A1 (es) 1997-08-06

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