EP0816042A1 - Verfahren zum Herstellen von Legierungsgussstücken - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Herstellen von Legierungsgussstücken Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0816042A1
EP0816042A1 EP96830377A EP96830377A EP0816042A1 EP 0816042 A1 EP0816042 A1 EP 0816042A1 EP 96830377 A EP96830377 A EP 96830377A EP 96830377 A EP96830377 A EP 96830377A EP 0816042 A1 EP0816042 A1 EP 0816042A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casting
alloy
process according
mould
carried out
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96830377A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Guido Baggioli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guido Baggioli SNC Di Baggioli Giuseppe & Pellegrini Clementina
Original Assignee
Guido Baggioli SNC Di Baggioli Giuseppe & Pellegrini Clementina
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guido Baggioli SNC Di Baggioli Giuseppe & Pellegrini Clementina filed Critical Guido Baggioli SNC Di Baggioli Giuseppe & Pellegrini Clementina
Priority to EP96830377A priority Critical patent/EP0816042A1/de
Publication of EP0816042A1 publication Critical patent/EP0816042A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/004—Thixotropic process, i.e. forging at semi-solid state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D31/00—Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates; Cleaning and working on castings
    • B22D31/002—Cleaning, working on castings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for manufacturing alloy castings of the type comprising the following steps: filling a shaped cavity of a casting mould with an alloy in a fluid state; cooling and solidifying the alloy within the casting mould. drawing the obtained casting out of the casting mould.
  • the present invention applies to the production field of articles made of an aluminium alloy or other alloys, obtained from any casting process, by high-pressure die-casting or gravity die-casting, using either a permanent mould (or chill) or molding sand, for example.
  • high-pressure die-casting is a process essentially consisting in filling a mould cavity with a molten alloy, generally an aluminium alloy, so as to form a semifinished or finished article usually named "casting", following solidification of the obtained alloy by heat exchange with the mould walls.
  • high-pressure die-casting In comparison with the other gravity die-casting processes either in the sand or in a chill, high-pressure die-casting generally enables achievement of a greater productivity.
  • the obtained pieces must be in any case submitted to impregnation processes and severe controls leading to many production discards caused by an unsatisfactory imperviousness due to the unavoidable presence of inner microporosities in the material.
  • the process for making alloy castings in accordance with the present invention is characterized in that the casting previously drawn out of the casting form or mould, is submitted to at least one dynamic shock carried out by forcedly closing at least one portion of the casting itself into at least one shaped cavity of a forging die, geometrically similar to and of lower sizes than the sizes exhibited by said at least one portion of the casting drawn out of the casting mould.
  • an alloy casting made following a process in accordance with the present invention has been generally identified by reference numeral 1.
  • casting 1 is intended for the manufacture of an impeller for a conventional compressor to be employed in refrigerating circuits, and for the purpose it has a substantially disc-shaped base portion 2, provided with a first projecting portion 3 consisting of a winding wall extending in a plurality of coils 3a each of them being of a height "H" considerably greater than its thickness "S".
  • the height "H"-thickness "S" ratio is provided to be greater than 3.
  • a second projecting portion 4 consisting of a cylindrical wall intended for offering a seat for a bearing, It too has a height "H" considerably greater than its thickness "t".
  • Manufacture of casting 1 takes place by a cast moulding operation, under pressure or gravity for example, essentially involving filling of a shaped cavity of a mould with an appropriate alloy in the molten state.
  • the alloy is allowed to cool and solidify within the mould. When the alloy has reached solidification and is sufficiently cold, extraction of the casting from the casting mould is carried out.
  • the alloy herein employed may be any aluminium alloy of the type currently employed in moulding by high-pressure or gravity casting into sand or a chill.
  • an aluminium alloy with a silicon content in the range of 4% to 14%, a copper content of 0.05% to 4%, an iron content of 0.25% to 2%, a zinc content of 0.5% to 3% and optionally other components to an extent not exceeding 1% altogether can be used.
  • the composition of an alloy which can be used in accordance with the present invention is given hereinafter: Al 87.13%, Si 7.376%, Cu. 2.803%, Fe 0.766%, Mn 0.252%, Mg 0.465%, Zn 0.839%, Pb 0.115%, Sn 0.021%, Ni 0.094%, Ti 0.072%, Cr 0.0663%.
  • the casting resulting from the casting process has linear sizes slightly higher, just as an indication in a range included between 0.5 and 2%, than the nominal sizes that casting 1 will have at the end of the process of the invention and before the execution of possible mechanical finishing workings.
  • the chain line 1a in Fig. 1 shows, by way of example, the outline of a casting (identified by 1a as well) drawn out of the casting mould, before the execution of the subsequent process steps.
  • Casting 1a thus obtained is submitted to a dynamic shock achieved by carrying out at least one compacting step by closing said casting into the cavity of a forging die suitably sized in accordance with said nominal values.
  • the forging die cavity (the die is not shown as it is known per se and conventional) is geometrically similar to casting 1a drawn out of the casting mould, and its sizes are proportionally smaller than said mould.
  • casting 1a is heated until the latent liquefaction temperature of aluminium or in any case of at least one of the alloy components forming the casting itself. More particularly, in a preferential solution, the casting is brought to a temperature of about 520°C, or at all events a temperature preferably included between 500 and 550°C, so as to cause a partial liquefaction of the alloy that can be quantified, just as an indication, in a percentage included between 5% and 40% of liquid fraction.
  • casting 1a Following its closure into the forging die, casting 1a is submitted to a dynamic shock essentially embodied by a sudded compression action homogeneously distributed over the whole casting surface, causing compacting of said casting to the nominal sizes corresponding to the forging die cavity.
  • the partial change of state of the alloy obtained by heating and also by conversion into heat of the impact energy absorbed by the casting, facilitates the mutual flowing of the crystals forming the alloy and, as a result, the geometrical and dimensional adaptation of casting 1a to the forging die cavity without causing undesired material upsettings or other anomalous deformations of the projecting portions 3, 4.
  • Closing of the forging die takes place at high speed, in such a short period of time that a great impact energy is transmitted to the casting being worked.
  • This dynamic shock involves compacting of the material forming the casting and brings about many advantageous effects in terms of quality of the finished product.
  • shock wave transmitted to the casting causes crushing of possible crystalline aggregates and a homogeneous dispersion of same in the aluminium matrix.
  • the compacting action causes elongation of the aluminium matrix crystals which tale the aspect of fibres extending in a direction parallel to the adjacent casting surfaces. This phenomenon is particularly apparent in parts of small thickness and, at all events, close to the outer casting surfaces.
  • segment denoted b "X" corresponds to a section having a length of 0.1 mm on the sample surface reproduced in the micrographic images.
  • Figs. 4a and 4b Shown in Figs. 4a and 4b is the crystalline structure of a casting obtained by high-pressure die-casting before execution of the compacting step in accordance with the present invention.
  • the presence of many microporosities and macroporosities corresponding to the areas of darker background can be clearly seen, which are due to the material shrinkage during the solidification and cooling steps.
  • the crystalline aggregations of the different alloy components can be detected, in particular in Fig. 4b, among the different aluminium crystals, the latter corresponding to the the areas of ligher background.
  • Figs. 3a and 3b show the crystalline structure detected in the innermost part of the thickness of a casting identical with that shown in Figs. 4a and 4b, but submitted to a compacting step.
  • the surface of the examined piece was treated with a 0.05% solution of hydrofloric acid over a period of fifteen seconds, in order to better highlight the crystalline structure thereof.
  • Figs. 2a and 2b refer to the same compacted sample as shown in Figs. 3a and 3b, and reproduce the crystalline structure of same close to its outer surfaces and more particularly at the connection area, denoted by III in Fig. 1, between the base portion 2 and one of the projecting portions 3.
  • Figs. 5a and 5b refer to a casting obtained by a high-pressure die-casting operation performed with the aid of advanced technologies, aimed at minimizing formation of porosities.
  • the sample examined in said figures was further submitted to a mechanical working involving material removal which lead to the elimination of all surface crackings. From said figures one can notice the presence of microcavities in the crystalline structure, although in a lower amount than in Figs. 2a and 2b, and also of many crystalline aggregates making tooling of the obtained casting difficult.
  • the process can be adapted for the production of castings involving the use of alloys different from those herein described, optionally by gravity die-casting instead of high-pressure die-casting.
  • the compacting step can be performed many times by closing the casting in succession into cavities of sizes becoming increasingly smaller, each of these steps being alternated with a fresh heating to give the material the desired plasticity.
  • compacting can be indifferently executed over the whole casting as previously described, or on one or more distinct portions thereof, in a single step or in several steps in succession.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
EP96830377A 1996-07-03 1996-07-03 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Legierungsgussstücken Withdrawn EP0816042A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96830377A EP0816042A1 (de) 1996-07-03 1996-07-03 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Legierungsgussstücken

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96830377A EP0816042A1 (de) 1996-07-03 1996-07-03 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Legierungsgussstücken

Publications (1)

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EP0816042A1 true EP0816042A1 (de) 1998-01-07

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EP (1) EP0816042A1 (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999029454A1 (es) * 1997-12-09 1999-06-17 Vitromatic Comercial, S.A. De C.V. Proceso para fabricar valvulas de aluminio para quemadores de estufas domesticas de gas
FR2778125A1 (fr) * 1998-05-04 1999-11-05 Serio Emile Di Procede pour fabriquer des pieces en alliages coules, et notamment en aluminium
US6021663A (en) * 1996-09-20 2000-02-08 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Process and leak detector for inspecting a plurality of similar test bodies for leaks
EP0980730A1 (de) * 1998-08-14 2000-02-23 Schuler Hydrap GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formteilen aus thixotropen Metall-Legierungen
FR2803232A1 (fr) * 1999-12-29 2001-07-06 Serio Emile Di Procede perfectionne pour fabriquer des pieces en alliage leger
FR2816858A1 (fr) * 2000-11-17 2002-05-24 Process Conception Ing Sa Procede de fabrication de pieces en alliages metalliques, avec un refroidissement avant pressage
EP1393849A3 (de) * 2002-08-30 2004-12-01 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Reifenformwerkzeuges
WO2009006939A1 (de) 2007-07-09 2009-01-15 Bharat Forge Aluminiumtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Giessen-schmieden von knetlegierungen
CN104080558A (zh) * 2011-12-29 2014-10-01 圣让工业公司 在执行通过铸造随后锻造的两个连续操作获得的部件中对锻模进行敷裹的方法
CN107470527A (zh) * 2017-08-11 2017-12-15 徐州东力锻压机械有限公司 一种变速箱箱体的锻造工艺

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1711000A (en) * 1925-07-02 1929-04-30 Gen Motors Res Corp Method of making wrought-metal articles
GB1078781A (en) * 1963-04-26 1967-08-09 Julius Friedrich Werner Schleg Hot working of metal castings
US4177086A (en) * 1977-03-31 1979-12-04 Societe Pour Le Forgeage Et L'estampage Des Alliages Legers Forgeal Process for the thermal treatment and the quenching of forged articles
JPS58125328A (ja) * 1982-01-20 1983-07-26 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 鍛造品の製造方法
EP0119365A1 (de) * 1983-03-14 1984-09-26 Thomas Di Serio Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stücken aus Aluminium oder Aluminiumlegierung
US4775426A (en) * 1986-04-03 1988-10-04 Richards Medical Company Method of manufacturing surgical implants from cast stainless steel and product
FR2614814A3 (fr) * 1987-05-04 1988-11-10 Serio Thomas Di Procede pour fabriquer des pieces en aluminium, alliages divers et tous alliages en general

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1711000A (en) * 1925-07-02 1929-04-30 Gen Motors Res Corp Method of making wrought-metal articles
GB1078781A (en) * 1963-04-26 1967-08-09 Julius Friedrich Werner Schleg Hot working of metal castings
US4177086A (en) * 1977-03-31 1979-12-04 Societe Pour Le Forgeage Et L'estampage Des Alliages Legers Forgeal Process for the thermal treatment and the quenching of forged articles
JPS58125328A (ja) * 1982-01-20 1983-07-26 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 鍛造品の製造方法
EP0119365A1 (de) * 1983-03-14 1984-09-26 Thomas Di Serio Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stücken aus Aluminium oder Aluminiumlegierung
US4775426A (en) * 1986-04-03 1988-10-04 Richards Medical Company Method of manufacturing surgical implants from cast stainless steel and product
FR2614814A3 (fr) * 1987-05-04 1988-11-10 Serio Thomas Di Procede pour fabriquer des pieces en aluminium, alliages divers et tous alliages en general

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 007, no. 237 (M - 250) 21 October 1983 (1983-10-21) *

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6021663A (en) * 1996-09-20 2000-02-08 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Process and leak detector for inspecting a plurality of similar test bodies for leaks
WO1999029454A1 (es) * 1997-12-09 1999-06-17 Vitromatic Comercial, S.A. De C.V. Proceso para fabricar valvulas de aluminio para quemadores de estufas domesticas de gas
FR2778125A1 (fr) * 1998-05-04 1999-11-05 Serio Emile Di Procede pour fabriquer des pieces en alliages coules, et notamment en aluminium
EP0955113A1 (de) * 1998-05-04 1999-11-10 Emile Di Serio Verfahren zum Herstellen von Stücken aus Gusslegierungen , insbesondere aus Aluminium
EP0980730A1 (de) * 1998-08-14 2000-02-23 Schuler Hydrap GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formteilen aus thixotropen Metall-Legierungen
WO2001049435A1 (fr) * 1999-12-29 2001-07-12 Saint Jean Industries Procede perfectionne pour fabriquer des pieces en alliage leger
FR2803232A1 (fr) * 1999-12-29 2001-07-06 Serio Emile Di Procede perfectionne pour fabriquer des pieces en alliage leger
FR2816858A1 (fr) * 2000-11-17 2002-05-24 Process Conception Ing Sa Procede de fabrication de pieces en alliages metalliques, avec un refroidissement avant pressage
EP1213367A1 (de) * 2000-11-17 2002-06-12 Process Conception Ingenierie S.A. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gussteilen aus Leichtmetall-Legierungen mit Kühlung vor dem Pressen
EP1393849A3 (de) * 2002-08-30 2004-12-01 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Reifenformwerkzeuges
CN100556645C (zh) * 2002-08-30 2009-11-04 日本碍子株式会社 轮胎成形用金属模的制造方法
WO2009006939A1 (de) 2007-07-09 2009-01-15 Bharat Forge Aluminiumtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Giessen-schmieden von knetlegierungen
CN104080558A (zh) * 2011-12-29 2014-10-01 圣让工业公司 在执行通过铸造随后锻造的两个连续操作获得的部件中对锻模进行敷裹的方法
CN104080558B (zh) * 2011-12-29 2016-10-05 圣让工业公司 在执行通过铸造随后锻造的两个连续操作获得的部件中对锻模进行敷裹的方法
CN107470527A (zh) * 2017-08-11 2017-12-15 徐州东力锻压机械有限公司 一种变速箱箱体的锻造工艺

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