Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
  • D01F6/90—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyamides
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
  • D02G1/12—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes

Definitions

• the invention relates to shrinking polyamide fibers, a process for their Manufacture and its use in the manufacture of yarn.
• High shrinkage is desired for polyamide fibers for certain applications.
• These shrinking fiber types become normal up to 40% shrinking fibers added to a densification of felt or fleece by shrinking or to make bulky fibers for the knitting sector, for voluminous fabrics for women's and men's clothing and textiles To achieve floor coverings and ultimately optimal hosiery yarns (B. Von Falkai (ed.), Synthesefaser, Verlag Chemie (1981), p. 129).
• the object of the invention was therefore to provide inexpensive, high-shrinkable dyeable materials To develop PA fibers using conventional ones Spinning and drawing technology made and what yarn, in particular Hochbausch carpet yarns and hosiery yarns can be manufactured.
• the fibers are angled using co-polyamides Monomers synthesized and subjected to a modified crimping process, which is characterized in that the crimp with low cable moisture happens.
• copolyamides are synthesized using the following monomer units: isophorone diamine, hexamethylene diamine, meta-xylylenediamine, isophthalic acid or adipic acid, at least one of the monomer units having to be angled.
• monomer units isophorone diamine, hexamethylene diamine, meta-xylylenediamine, isophthalic acid or adipic acid, at least one of the monomer units having to be angled.
• Preferred combinations are:
• the relatively highest shrinkage values can be found with the co-polyamides, which the angled monomer units contain isophoronediamine and adipic acid, be preserved.
• the composition of the shrinking polyamide fibers is 80-95% by weight ⁇ -caprolactam and 5-20% by weight comonomers from the above-mentioned monomer units.
• the polyamide fibers according to the invention are characterized in that the Thermal shrinkage is over 15%.
• the fibers of the invention can be produced by a process in which filaments are produced in a manner known per se by melting the monomers in an extruder, the melt emerges from a spinneret, Spinning of the filaments obtained for fibers, drawing, steaming, Crimping and cutting the fibers, the crimping using a crimper is achieved by upsetting and for cooling the Krimper feed rollers and stuffer box dry ice cooling is used.
• the Dry ice cooling has the advantage that the fibers do not become damp and a premature shrinkage is avoided.
• copolyamides were produced on a pilot plant scale with an experimental autoclave with a volume of 130 l.
• the batch quantity per variant was 40 kg.
• the solution viscosity of the various copolyamide variants in 0.5% m-cresol gave values in the range from 1.93 to 2.08.
• Composition of the copolyamides (% % by weight) 1.
• component 2nd component 1 95% Capro + 5% HMD and IPS 2nd 90% Capro + 10% HMD and IPS 3rd 85% Capro + 15% HMD and IPS 4th 95% Capro + 5% MXD and APS 5
• Capro + 10% MXD and APS 6 95% Capro + 5% IPD and APS 7
• the co-monomer proportions of the second component were approximate stoichiometric ratio added to the caprolactam.
• the physical core sizes of the different capolyamides are summarized in Table 2 in comparison to conventional polyamide 6 types (A30 and A34), which are characterized by a different degree of polymerization.
• the determination of the melting points and the specific melting enthalpy of the investigated polyamides and copolyamides was determined using the Heat flow DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) device TC 11 der Mettler carried out.
• the polyamide and copolyamide samples were run twice at a heating rate heated from 10K / min and evenly with 5K / min in between cooled down.
• the melting enthalpy for 100% crystalline PA 6 is 26.0 in the literature kJ / mol, which corresponds to 229.9 J / g, given (Journal of Polymer Science, Part-B, Polymer Physics, Vol. 28, Number 10, pages 2271-2290, 1990)
• the polymer With a single-screw extruder with 2-zone heating and a conically grooved feed zone, the polymer is drawn in, plasticized and the pressure required to supply the melt pump flanged to the extruder with the required amount of melt.
• the screw has a diameter of 39.8 mm and an L / D ratio of 15.
• the spinning pump a gear pump from BARMAG with a throughput of 6 cm 3 / revolution, generates the pressure necessary to pulsate the melt through the heated spinning box and convey it through the capillaries of the spinneret.
• the filaments fall through an approx. 1.5 m long cross-flow inlet shaft. In this were all Try spinning the filaments with air at 20 ° C and a pressure of 20 mm WS blown.
• the filaments continue to cool in the subsequent approx. 4 m long chute and after leaving the chute with a preparation roller Spin finish applied to the filaments. Then the spun filaments brought together into a thread, with 2 godets drawn off and wound onto a spool with a winder.
• Table 3 shows the spinning tests carried out with the associated setting parameters for producing an 11.0 dtex copolyamide high-shrink fiber.
• the fiber route consists of roller conveyor, net trough, drafting system 1 (S1), steam channel, Drafting unit 2 (S2) and drafting unit 3 (S3) together.
• the stretch values are 7-roll drafting systems, whereby The drafting system 1 can be heated with water and the drafting system 2 and 3 with steam. The drawn filaments are then wound with a type winder DS 34 Z wound up by DIETZE & SCHELL.
• the crimped fibers were cut with the GRU-GRU stack cutting machine NEUMAG company cut into staple fibers with a cutting length of 80 mm.
• Table 6 contains physical characteristics of selected copolyamide filaments before and after the crimping process.
• the samples were preferably stored for at least 24 hours over phosphorus pentoxide (P 2 O 5 , drying agent) in the desiccator or air-conditioned in a standard climate (20 ° C, 65% relative air humidity).
• P 2 O 5 phosphorus pentoxide
• test procedure (I) 8 individual fibers or pieces of yarn with a length of approx. 250 mm are fastened to a special sample frame with a clamping spring. At the lower end of the sample, a fineness-related weight (standard value 100 mg / dtex) is attached, which creates a constant pre-tension in the sample. After determining the initial length L 0 , the test specimens were relieved and "boiled" in boiling water for 5 minutes. After an acclimatization and relaxation time of one hour for fibers and two hours for yarns, the test specimens are loaded again and the length L 1 is read off.
• the long staple worsted spinning process was used for yarn production Selected using a double card.
• a polyamide was used as the mixing partner for the high shrink components 6-fiber of the type TS-28-2R with a titer of 6.70 dtex, 80 mm stack length and 0.5 to 3.0% cooking shrinkage is used.
• This low-shrinking Type was chosen so that the shrinkage and bulk test of the yarn only the influence of the shrinking blend component comes into play.
• the HS component of mixture 1 is already in the product range of EMS-CHEMIE existing polyamide 6HS fiber with 14.0 dtex, 80 mm stack length and a cooking shrinkage of 10 to 14%.
• the HS components of mixes 2 and 3 are high-shrinking copolyamides with 11.0 dtex, 80 mm stack length and a cooking shrinkage of up to 27% (Table 8).
• the thermal shrinkage of spun yarn was done using the crimp construction meter TEXTURMAT from TEXTECHNO.
• the bulk or crimping of spun yarn after one Heat treatment was performed using the TEXTURMAT crimp contraction measuring device by TEXTECHNO based on DIN 53 840.
• Each sample variant is first made with a willow (1 m in circumference) 3 skeins of yarn with a precisely defined total titer. These skeins of thread are then hung in a heating cabinet and there 10 Hot air treatment at 120 ° C for minutes. This treatment triggers the shrinkage of the yarn, which results in an increasing Wrinkles or bulk expresses. For the quantitative determination of the The yarn strands become crimped after an acclimatization period of Suspended in the magazine of the crimp contraction measuring device for 2 hours and with a fork in the lower loop of the skeins of thread rests, successively loaded with different forces.
• the load fork applies a load of 250 cN. After a loading time of 10 seconds, the length L g of the yarn strand is determined and the loading fork swivels back to the starting position in order to load the next yarn strand.
• the second test cycle begins, in which the length L z of the yarn strands is determined under a load of 2.5 cN.
• the crimp results in percent and is calculated as the mean of the 3 single measurements and the confidence interval of the mean (95%) specified.
• the Construction and tensile testing machine DYNAFIL M from TEXTECHNO used for the determination of the shrinking force of the spun yarns.
• the measuring device essentially consists of a drive part, Heating tube part and measuring head part, with a chart recorder is coupled together.
• the yarn to be tested is defined with Biasing force led to a two-stage godet, the rear godet (feed godet) feeds the yarn to the measuring zone and the the front interchangeable godet pulls off the yarn.
• the shrink force measurement is the diameter of the two godets the same size, so that there is no delay between the intake and withdrawal godets arises.
• the yarn with adjustable thread tension wound on a metal drum After the take-off godet, the yarn with adjustable thread tension wound on a metal drum.
• the yarn to be examined passes through from the feed godet the heating tube vertically downwards to the force measuring roller, which with a Force sensor is connected.
• the thread is around the force measuring roller placed and outside the heating pipe back up to the fume cupboard guided.
• the triggered shrinkage of the yarn as it passes through The heating zone causes a force in the Garnachse, that with the force measuring head determined and given as the shrink force in cN.
• the statistical certainty of the measured values was determined by the coefficient of variation CV specified.
• the heating tube was used for the shrinkage force measurements heated to 160 ° C, the largest at this temperature Shrinking forces have occurred.
• the test speed or the Yarn throughput speed was 10 m / min.
• the Koch shrinkage of the different yarn types behaves exactly the same, like the Koch shrinkage of the added high shrinkage fibers, i.e. the yarn blend with the highest shrinkage also the most shrinking copolyamide fibers.
• Yarn mix 4 which contains no high shrinkage fibers (reference variant) shows the lowest shrinkage.
• the thermal shrinkage at 160 ° is much smaller than the cook shrink.
• the shrinkage differences between each Mixtures have the same tendency as with cooking shrink.
• the measurement of the crimp provides similar results for all 4 variants Values and therefore does not allow any information about crimpability and bulk.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=7795885

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (4)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 1996
  • 1996-05-31 DE DE1996122027 patent/DE19622027C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1997
  • 1997-06-02 EP EP97108807A patent/EP0816538A3/fr not_active Withdrawn

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events