EP0832308B1 - Behandlung von aluminiumartikeln zur erhöhung der einbrennhärtbarkeit - Google Patents

Behandlung von aluminiumartikeln zur erhöhung der einbrennhärtbarkeit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0832308B1
EP0832308B1 EP96913857A EP96913857A EP0832308B1 EP 0832308 B1 EP0832308 B1 EP 0832308B1 EP 96913857 A EP96913857 A EP 96913857A EP 96913857 A EP96913857 A EP 96913857A EP 0832308 B1 EP0832308 B1 EP 0832308B1
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Prior art keywords
temperature
ranging
hours
time period
room temperature
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EP96913857A
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French (fr)
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EP0832308A4 (de
EP0832308A1 (de
Inventor
Tien H. Shen
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Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corp
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Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of an aluminum alloy article exhibiting improved bake hardenability. More particularly, the present invention relates to an aluminum alloy product of the Aluminum Association ("AA") 6000 aluminum alloy series exhibiting improved paint bake response when utilized for automotive purposes, such as vehicular panels.
  • AA Aluminum Association
  • the improved properties are obtained by solution heat treating at temperatures between 482°C (900°F) and 593°C (1100°F) to produce a structure of fine grain size, followed by rapid quenching of the product from the solution heat treatment temperature to 177°C (350°F) or lower at a rate of at least 5,6°C/s (10°F/s), preferably at least 168°C/s (300°F/s). Cooling from 177°C (350°F) to room temperature is accomplished at a relatively low quench rate, using air as the quenching medium. The quenched product is then aged to obtain a substantially stable level of mechanical properties.
  • the automotive material so prepared is shown to exhibit stable strength for many months while exhibiting good formability.
  • Alloys of the Aluminum Association (“AA") 6000 series present an additional problem.
  • the natural aging of AA 6000 series alloys at room temperature is detrimental to the artificial aging process.
  • the clusters formed during natural aging are too small. Although these small clusters grow larger during prolonged room temperature aging, they still fail to achieve the critical size that is necessary to be stable at the subsequent artificial aging temperature.
  • the growth of these clusters during natural aging also depletes the supersaturation of solutes in the matrix.
  • the sheet would receive a separate aging treatment to increase its strength to the maximum possible for the particular AA 6000 series alloy.
  • the economies of automobile production require that the metal strength be increased by the baking used to harden the paint on the partially assembled vehicle.
  • the paint baking temperatures are lower than the optimum, and it is necessary to modify the sheet properties to increase strength levels achieved in the paint bake.
  • the sheet product is first subjected to a solution heat treatment at about 538°C (1000°F) and then quenched to room temperature at the rate of about 1000°C/mm (1800°F/min.)
  • the quenched sheets are then aged at room temperature for about two weeks and the aged sheet products are claimed to have improved mechanical and forming properties, particularly improved bake hardenability.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,808,247 also to Komatsubara et al., describes a AA 6000 series aluminum alloy rolled sheet of improved formability and yield strength. These improved properties can, according to the reference, be obtained by solution heat treating the sheet made from the aluminum alloy for at least 5 seconds at temperatures between 500-580°C, followed by rapid quenching to room temperature at a rate within the range of 5-300°C/s. If good sheet flatness is not a consideration and only high strength is desired quenching rates in excess of 300°C/s. are recommended by the patent.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,897,124 to Matsuo et al., concerns a AA 6000 series (Aluminum-Silicon-Magnesium) aluminum alloy rolled sheet exhibiting improved properties, such as good formability, elongation, high strength and corrosion-resistance.
  • AA 6000 series Alinum-Silicon-Magnesium aluminum alloy rolled sheet exhibiting improved properties, such as good formability, elongation, high strength and corrosion-resistance.
  • the aluminum alloy sheet of this reference is utilized for automotive body sheets, such body sheets possess improved post-bake strength.
  • the rolled sheet is subjected to a solution heat treatment at 450-590°C, followed by rapid quenching to room temperature at a rate of not less than 5°C/s.
  • the reference teaches that the cooling rate of the second stage quench must be done at a slow rate to prevent the formation of GP zones which result in poor bake hardenability.
  • the main drawback of this reference is that the sheet cannot be allowed to cool below 50°C (122°F). Cooling below 50°C (122°F) would probably result in the formation of GP zones and poor bake hardenability. This is a serious practical limitation because the operation of commercial plants require that sheet material be held for several hours at room temperature before it can be further processed.
  • EP 480 402 discloses a process for pre-ageing an aluminium alloy sheet.
  • aluminum sheet is processed as coils and involves many steps, including hot rolling, cold rolling, trimming, annealing, heat treating, quenching, and leveling.
  • steps including hot rolling, cold rolling, trimming, annealing, heat treating, quenching, and leveling.
  • it is fed from process to process as strip in a continuous manner.
  • the continuous nature of the process puts constraints on the individual processes which must be adjusted to fit the speed of the strip, which in turn is strongly governed by the economics of the total process.
  • the individual steps of the process can be controlled in a number of ways, including by adjusting the temperature, and by choosing the length of the path through the process equipment, which in fact controls the time in which the aluminum is in the individual process.
  • a need remains for a method of producing AA 6000 series aluminum alloy rolled sheet that exhibits improved formability and improved strength after low temperature aging as caused by the paint baking step used in the curing of paint on new automobiles and yet can be stored at room temperature for up to a day before further processing without having significantly diminished physical properties after the paint bake step. Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide such a method.
  • the present invention provides a method of producing an aluminum article comprising the steps of: (a) providing stock including an aluminum alloy comprising 0.40 to 1.50 wt.% silicon, .20 to 1.50 wt.% magnesium, not more than 1.20 wt.% copper, .02 to .20 wt.
  • This invention relates to AA 6000 series rolled aluminum alloy sheet products exhibiting significantly improved forming characteristics and post-bake strength. More particularly, this invention concerns the production of an improved Aluminum-Silicon-Magnesium alloy rolled sheet product for use in the automotive industry where products exhibiting ready formability and high strength are required.
  • the process involves providing stock comprising an aluminum alloy including 0.40 to 1.50 wt.% silicon, 0.20 to 1.50 wt.% magnesium, .02 to .20 wt. % of either manganese or chromium, 0.20 to 1.20 wt.
  • % copper, the remainder substantially aluminum, incidental elements and impurities hot working the stock; solution heat treating at a temperature ranging from 482°C (900°F) to 593°C (1100°F) for a time period of about 2.0 seconds to 30 minutes; rapid quenching at a rate of at least 200°F/sec. to a threshold temperature ranging from 66°C (150°F) to 121°C (250°F); cooling at room temperature for not more than 24 hours; and reheating to a temperature ranging from 66°C (150°F) to 182°C (360°F) for a time period of about 24 hours to two minutes. The higher the reheat temperature the less amount of time is required to obtain the beneficial result.
  • the chemical composition of the alloy of the present invention is similar to that of AA 6000 series alloys.
  • a preferred alloy would comprise 1.0 to 1.3 wt.% silicon, .40 to .80 wt.% magnesium, not more than .70 wt.% copper, .02 to .20 wt.% of either manganese or chromium, the remainder substantially aluminum, incidental elements and impurities.
  • I either hot roll, extrude, forge or use some other similar hot working step.
  • My new process is well-suited for making automobile body sheet, so I prefer a hot rolling step where the stock is heated to a temperature ranging from about 427°C (800°F) to 593°C (1100°F) for about 1 to 24 hours.
  • I heat the stock to a temperature ranging from 527°C (980°F) to 552°C (1025°F) for 1 to 6 hours to obtain a gage thickness ranging from 5 to 2,5 mm (0.20 to 0.10 inches).
  • I generally perform hot rolling at a starting temperature ranging from 427°C (800°F) to 538°C (1000°F) or even higher as long as no melting or other ingot damage occurs.
  • I homogenize the stock to produce a substantially uniform distribution of alloying elements before the hot working step, I homogenize the stock to produce a substantially uniform distribution of alloying elements.
  • I homogenize by heating the stock to a temperature ranging from about 482°C (900°F) to 593°C (1100°F) for a period of at least 1 hour to dissolve soluble elements and to homogenize the internal structure of the metal.
  • I homogenize for 4 to 6 hours at about 552°C (1025°F)
  • I may additionally cold working after hot rolling to further reduce sheet thickness.
  • I allow the sheet to cool to less than 38°C (100°F) and most preferably to room temperature before I begin cold rolling.
  • I cold roll to obtain at least a 40% reduction in sheet thickness, most preferably I cold roll to a thickness ranging from about 50 to 70% of the hot rolled gauge.
  • the process of my invention can be practiced by providing the AA 6000 series alloy as discussed above and then strip-casting and cold rolling the stock instead of hot working.
  • I solution heat treat the stock After cold rolling (or after hot rolling if I do not cold roll) I next solution heat treat the stock. Generally, I solution heat treat at a temperature ranging from a 482°C (900°F) to 593°C (1100°F) for 2 seconds to 30 minutes. It is important to rapidly heat the stock, preferably at a heating rate of 55°C (100°F) to 1100°C (2000 °F)/min. Preferably, I solution heat treat a temperature ranging from a 538°C (1000°F) to 555°C (1030°F) for a time period ranging from about 3 to 10 minutes. Most preferably, I solution heat treat at about 546°C (1015°F) for about 10 minutes at a heating rate of about 550°C/mm (1000°F/min).
  • I rapidly cool the stock to minimize uncontrolled precipitation of secondary phases such as Mg 2 Si.
  • I quench at a rate of at least 110°C/s (200°F/s) from the solution temperature to a temperature of 177°C (350°F) or lower.
  • I quench at a rate of at least 165°C/s (300°F/s) to the temperature range of about 88°C (190°F) to 99°C (210°F).
  • I quench using a high pressure water spray or by immersion into a water bath generally at a quench rate of at least 275°C/s (500°F/second) to a temperature of about 93°C (200°F).
  • I generally hold the stock at the cooled temperature for about at least 30 seconds, preferably from about 1 minute to 1 hour and most preferably from about 2 to 10 minutes.
  • the availability of this holding period or delay time is an important advantage of my invention.
  • the commercial manufacturing of aluminum sheet involves many process steps such as hot and cold rolling, heat treating, annealing and so on.
  • the sheet is fed as a strip from process to process in a continuous manner. The entire process must then, however, be slowed to accommodate the slowest process step. Alternatively, some of the slower steps can be performed as a batch process thus allowing the remaining continuous process steps to operate more efficiently at higher speeds.
  • Batch processing necessarily requires that the sheet be held or stored, generally at room temperature, for several hours or even a full day while awaiting to be batch processed.
  • the aluminum sheet may be stored at room temperature immediately after batch processing while waiting to be further processed in the continuous process. My invention allows for the flexibility of a holding period in which the sheet can be stored at room temperature without resulting in a significant deterioration in metallurgical properties.
  • FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 I now illustrate three embodiments of my invention as compared to the prior art.
  • the prior art is generally represented by U.S. Pat. No. 5,266,130 to Uchida et al.
  • FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 compare my invention to the teachings of Uchida et al. at threshold cooling temperatures of 121°C (250°F), 93°C (200°F), and 66°C (150°F) respectively.
  • FIGs. 1, 2, and 3 illustrate an important advantage of my invention: the ability to store heat treated sheet at a temperature below 122°F (50°C) for up to 24 hours without degrading the strength properties of the sheet.
  • I first prepared an alloy as direct chill cast ingot having the following composition: Element Wt. % Si 1.26 Mg 0.79 Cu 0.71 Fe 0.13 Cr 0.049 I preheated the ingot to 552°C to (1025°F) for four hours, followed by an air cool. I then scalped 6,3mm (0.25") from the top and bottom rolling surfaces. Next, I reheated it to 508°C (950°F) for an hour, hot rolled it to a gauge of 3,2 mm (0.125"). After hot rolling, I annealed the strip at 343°C (650°F) for 2 hours and then cold rolled to a final gauge of 1mm (0.04").
  • FIG. 4 shows the effect of delay time on paint bake response. For a delay time as long as 6 hours after the 93°C (200°F) quench, no significant deterioration in paint bake response was observed. For samples that were delayed for 24 hours, the paint bake response dropped to a level similar to that of samples that received only a 3 minute, 200°F water quench. The paint bake response after 11 days of natural aging, however, was still better for the 3 minute, 93°C (200°F) water quenched sample than that of the 21°C (70°F) water quenched sample.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Verfahren zur Fertigung eines Aluminiumprodukts, bestehend aus folgenden Schritten:
    (a) Bereitstellen von Material mit einer Aluminiumlegierung, bestehend aus 0,40 bis 1,50 % Massenanteil Silikon, 0,20 bis 1,50 % Massenanteil Magnesium, nicht mehr als 1,20 % Massenanteil Kupfer, 0,02 bis 0,20 % Massenanteil eines aus der aus Mangan und Chrom bestehenden Gruppe gewählten Elements, wobei der Rest hauptsächlich Aluminium, Nebenelemente und Fremdstoffe ist;
    (b) Warmumformen des Materials;
    (c) Lösungswärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur in einem Bereich von ungefähr 482°C (900°F) bis 593°C (1100°F) für eine Zeitdauer von ungefähr 2,0 Sekunden bis ungefähr 30 Minuten;
    (d) schnelles Abschrecken bei einem Durchsatz von mindestens 110°C/Sekunde (200°F/Sekunde) von der Lösungstemperatur bis auf eine Temperatur von 177°C (350°F) oder weniger für eine Zeitdauer von mindestens 30 Sekunden;
    (e) Abkühlen auf Raumtemperatur;
    (f) Für nicht mehr als 24 Stunden auf Raumtemperatur halten; und
    (g) Wiederaufwärmen bis auf eine Temperatur im Bereich von 66°C (150°F) bis 182°C (360°F) für eine Zeitdauer von 24 Stunden bis 2,0 Minuten.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Aluminiumlegierung 1,0 bis 1,3 % Massenanteil Silikon, 0,40 bis 0,80 % Massenanteil Magnesium, 0,02 und 0,20 % Massenanteil Chrom und nicht mehr als 0,70 % Massenanteil Kupfer enthält.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Aluminiumlegierung 1,0 bis 1,3 % Massenanteil Silikon, 0,40 bis 0,80 % Massenanteil Magnesium, 0,02 und 0,20 % Massenanteil Mangan und nicht mehr als 0,70 % Massenanteil Kupfer enthält.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei Schritt (b) aus der aus Homogenisieren, Warmwalzen, Extrudieren und Schmieden bestehenden Gruppe gewählt wird.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, wobei Schritt (b) das Homogenisieren der Legierung bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 482°C (800°F) bis 593°C (1100°F) für eine Dauer von 1 bis 24 Stunden und Warmwalzen, um eine Maßdicke von ungefähr 5 bis 2,5 mm (0,20 bis 0,10") zu erhalten, umfasst.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, mit zusätzlichem Kaltumformen nach Schritt (b).
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei Schritt (c) Lösungswärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 538°C (1000°F) bis 555°C (1030°F) für eine Zeitdauer im Bereich von 3 bis 10 Minuten umfasst.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei Schritt (d) schnelles Abschrecken mit einem Durchsatz von mindestens 165°C/Sekunde (300°F/Sekunde) bis zu einer Schwellentemperatur im Bereich von 88°C (190°F) bis 99°C (210°F) für eine Zeitdauer im Bereich von 1 Minute bis 1 Stunde umfasst.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei Schritt (f) das Halten auf Raumtemperatur für nicht länger als 6 Stunden umfasst.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei Schritt (g) das Wiederaufwärmen auf eine Temperatur im Bereich von 88°C (190°F) bis 99°C (210°F) für eine Zeitdauer im Bereich von 1,5 bis 1/2 Stunden umfasst.
EP96913857A 1995-05-30 1996-05-02 Behandlung von aluminiumartikeln zur erhöhung der einbrennhärtbarkeit Expired - Lifetime EP0832308B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/452,815 US5662750A (en) 1995-05-30 1995-05-30 Method of manufacturing aluminum articles having improved bake hardenability
US452815 1995-05-30
PCT/US1996/005919 WO1996038598A1 (en) 1995-05-30 1996-05-02 Processing aluminium articles for improved bake hardenability

Publications (3)

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EP0832308A1 EP0832308A1 (de) 1998-04-01
EP0832308A4 EP0832308A4 (de) 1998-08-05
EP0832308B1 true EP0832308B1 (de) 2001-08-01

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EP96913857A Expired - Lifetime EP0832308B1 (de) 1995-05-30 1996-05-02 Behandlung von aluminiumartikeln zur erhöhung der einbrennhärtbarkeit

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US (1) US5662750A (de)
EP (1) EP0832308B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69614264T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2162053T3 (de)
WO (1) WO1996038598A1 (de)

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DE69628922T2 (de) * 1995-05-11 2004-01-29 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Aluminium 6xxx-legierung mit verbesserter beschädigungsbeständigkeit
FR2748035B1 (fr) * 1996-04-29 1998-07-03 Pechiney Rhenalu Alliage aluminium-silicium-magnesium pour carrosserie automobile
CA2440666C (en) * 2001-03-28 2011-07-12 Sumitomo Light Metal Industries, Ltd. Aluminum alloy sheet with excellent formability and paint bake hardenability and method for production thereof
DE10330400A1 (de) * 2003-07-04 2005-01-20 Alutec-Belte Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken eines Gussteils
US7491278B2 (en) * 2004-10-05 2009-02-17 Aleris Aluminum Koblenz Gmbh Method of heat treating an aluminium alloy member and apparatus therefor
US7272273B2 (en) * 2005-01-21 2007-09-18 Neophotonics Corporation Photodetector coupled to a planar waveguide
JP5203772B2 (ja) * 2008-03-31 2013-06-05 株式会社神戸製鋼所 塗装焼付け硬化性に優れ、室温時効を抑制したアルミニウム合金板およびその製造方法
AT506727B1 (de) * 2008-05-09 2010-10-15 Amag Rolling Gmbh Verfahren zur wärmebehandlung eines walzguts aus einer aushärtbaren aluminiumlegierung
CN102489974B (zh) * 2011-12-31 2014-07-30 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 轨道交通车体顶板用铝合金型材的制造方法
CN103866215A (zh) * 2014-03-05 2014-06-18 中信戴卡股份有限公司 一种提高铝合金铸件性能的方法
US10513766B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2019-12-24 Novelis Inc. High strength 6XXX aluminum alloys and methods of making the same
WO2017106654A2 (en) 2015-12-18 2017-06-22 Novelis Inc. High-strength 6xxx aluminum alloys and methods of making the same
WO2019174870A1 (en) * 2018-03-15 2019-09-19 Aleris Aluminum Duffel Bvba Method of manufacturing an almgsi alloy sheet product
JP7096911B2 (ja) 2018-05-15 2022-07-06 ノベリス・インコーポレイテッド 高強度６ｘｘｘ及び７ｘｘｘアルミニウム合金ならびにその作製方法
CN109457155B (zh) * 2018-12-28 2020-09-08 中南大学 一种热稳定6xxx系铝合金及其热处理工艺
CN114934242A (zh) * 2022-05-24 2022-08-23 日善电脑配件(嘉善)有限公司 铝基复合材料及其加工方法

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EP0480402A1 (de) * 1990-10-09 1992-04-15 Sumitomo Light Metal Industries Limited Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Werkstoffes aus eines Aluminiumlegierung mit ausgezeichneter Pressverformbarkeit und Einbrennhärtbarkeit

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JP2614686B2 (ja) * 1992-06-30 1997-05-28 住友軽金属工業株式会社 形状凍結性及び塗装焼付硬化性に優れた成形加工用アルミニウム合金の製造方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3135653A (en) * 1961-11-03 1964-06-02 Sandy Hill Iron & Brass Works Felt conditioner
EP0480402A1 (de) * 1990-10-09 1992-04-15 Sumitomo Light Metal Industries Limited Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Werkstoffes aus eines Aluminiumlegierung mit ausgezeichneter Pressverformbarkeit und Einbrennhärtbarkeit

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ES2162053T3 (es) 2001-12-16
US5662750A (en) 1997-09-02
DE69614264T2 (de) 2002-06-13
WO1996038598A1 (en) 1996-12-05
EP0832308A4 (de) 1998-08-05
DE69614264D1 (de) 2001-09-06
EP0832308A1 (de) 1998-04-01

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