EP0837621A1 - Plasmabrenner mit neuen Dichtungsmerkmalen - Google Patents

Plasmabrenner mit neuen Dichtungsmerkmalen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0837621A1
EP0837621A1 EP97402414A EP97402414A EP0837621A1 EP 0837621 A1 EP0837621 A1 EP 0837621A1 EP 97402414 A EP97402414 A EP 97402414A EP 97402414 A EP97402414 A EP 97402414A EP 0837621 A1 EP0837621 A1 EP 0837621A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cathode
anode
plasma torch
plasma
capillary tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97402414A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0837621B1 (de
Inventor
Christian Gay
Emmanuel Mornay
Gilles Guillot
Patrice Fournier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP0837621A1 publication Critical patent/EP0837621A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0837621B1 publication Critical patent/EP0837621B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/52—Generating plasma using exploding wires or spark gaps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/58—Electric firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/63—Electric firing mechanisms having means for contactless transmission of electric energy, e.g. by induction, by sparking gap

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of torches plasma.
  • a plasma torch is a system that generates high pressure gases (around 500 MPa) from a high voltage electrical discharge (of the order of 20 kV) caused between two electrodes.
  • Plasma torches are used in industry for for example cutting conductive materials, or still to destroy certain products or materials, or to make metallic deposits. They are also used in the armaments field to generate a pressure allowing the firing of a projectile.
  • Known plasma torches include an anode and a cathode separated by a capillary tube made in one material which is both electrically insulating and susceptible to decompose to generate a plasma (for example a plastic material).
  • the electric discharge between anode and cathode is primed using a copper or other fuse conductive material. The electric arc thus created causes a plasma which ablates the wall of the capillary tube which leads to the generation of high pressure light gases and high temperature.
  • gases are used either to directly accelerate a projectile, either to vaporize a fluid (for example water) which increases the volume of gas.
  • anode and cathode are fixed on either side of a support tube which ensures the torch stiffness and radial confinement of the plasma generates.
  • the cathode is annular in order to allow an exit axial of the plasma jet through it.
  • the invention provides a plasma torch whose mechanical strength and tightness are improved.
  • the invention therefore relates to a plasma torch comprising an anode and a cathode separated by a tube capillary made of an electrical insulating material and ablatable by the action of plasma, torch characterized in that the anode has a conductive case closed at first end, case inside which the tube is placed capillary.
  • the tube capillary is separated from the anode by an insulating sheath.
  • the anode case extends longitudinally substantially to the cathode, the sheath insulator at least partially surrounding the cathode.
  • the cathode may have a conical bearing coming from position in a complementary conical housing of the case conductive, the insulating sheath having a flared part which is interposed between the conical bearing of the cathode and the conical housing of the conductive case.
  • the anode may include a base forming an arc foot disposed at the bottom of the conductive case.
  • the cathode may include a sealing lip ring applied against the insulating and delimiting sheath a bore receiving a reduced diameter end of the capillary.
  • the cathode may include an axial housing in which a conductive ring will be placed forming the arch foot.
  • the torch according to the invention may include a sleeve insulating tubing surrounding the anode and ensuring its secured to the cathode.
  • It may also include at least one O-ring disposed between the tubular sleeve and the insulating sheath.
  • This plasma torch 1 comprises an anode 2 and a cathode 3 separated by a capillary tube 4.
  • the torch 1 generally has a symmetry of revolution. It is installed in a bore 5 fitted on a support 6, which is here a weapon (not shown in detail), weapon which comprises a tube 7 and a breech plate 8.
  • the capillary 4 is made of an insulating material electric and susceptible to ablation, i.e. to generate light gases by the action of plasma.
  • a plastic material such as polyethylene. It has an axial bore 9 to inside which a fuse is positioned (not shown), for example a copper wire.
  • Anode 2 is constituted by a metal case which has a bottom 10 of reduced diameter and a body cylindrical 12.
  • the bottom 10 is intended to receive an electrical contact 11 which is mechanically integral with the cylinder head plate 8.
  • the cylindrical body 12 has an axial bore 13 to the interior of which houses the capillary 4 and a base 14 forming arc foot.
  • the base 14 is made of a very conductive material and with high mechanical strength which has the function of limiting erosion due to the foot of the electric arc.
  • It has a longitudinal channel 15 which makes it possible to evacuate the air trapped between the bottom 10 and the base 14 at the time of the installation of the latter, which makes it possible to apply the base 14 strongly against the bottom to ensure good contact electric.
  • the capillary tube 4 is separated from the anode 2 by a cylindrical sheath 19, which is made of a material electrical insulation, for example a fiber-based composite of glass.
  • This sheath is to provide insulation between the anode and the cathode.
  • the open end of anode 2 has a conical profile 16 which is complementary to a conical bearing 17 arranged on cathode 3. This conical profile facilitates mounting of the cathode and ensures the coaxiality of these two parts.
  • the insulating sheath 19 has a flared part 20 which is interposed between the conical bearing 17 of the cathode 3 and the conical housing 16 of the conductive case of anode 2 and avoids any electrical short circuit at this level between the anode and the cathode.
  • the cathode 3 has an annular sealing lip 18 which is applied against the insulating sheath 19 and which delimits a bore receiving an end 21 with diameter reduced capillary 4.
  • the lip 18 is intended to be deformed by the effect of the pressure of the plasma generated by the torch to prevent any plasma leak between the cathode 3 and the insulating sheath 19, leaks that would affect the efficiency of the torch and damage the electrical insulation.
  • the cathode 3 In order to locate the base of the electric arc, the cathode 3 also includes an axial housing 22 in which is disposed a conductive ring 23 forming the arc foot. This ring is made of the same material as the base 14.
  • the cathode 3 has an axial orifice 24 which makes communicate the interior of the torch with a chamber 25 intended to receive a projectile (not shown) and possibly a gas-generating material (for example the water).
  • a projectile not shown
  • a gas-generating material for example the water
  • the flared part 20 of the insulating sheath 19 ends in a cylindrical portion 26 which surrounds the cathode 3.
  • An insulating tubular sleeve 27 surrounds the anode 2 and secures it to cathode 3 by through radial screws 28.
  • the sleeve 27 completes the electrical insulation between the anode and cathode.
  • O-rings 29, 30, 31 are arranged between the sleeve 27 and the insulating sheath 19. They allow avoid the formation of an electric arc at the level of the games radial mounting.
  • the current supply at the cathode is ensured by a contact ring 34 which remains integral with the support 6 and which carries at least two longitudinal tabs flexible 35.
  • the sleeve 27 also includes an annular machining 32 which is intended to receive and guide a crown 33 secured to an insulating sheath 36 which surrounds the contact 11 and electrically isolates it from the cylinder head plate 8.
  • a difference in electrical potential of around 20 kilo volts is applied between anode 2 and cathode 3.
  • the electrical insulation is ensured by the sheath 36 surrounding the contact 11, the insulating sleeve 27, the seals O-rings 29, 30 and 31 and the insulating sleeve 19.
  • anode and cathode are only connected to each other by the fuse placed inside the capillary 4.
  • This fuse initiates an electric arc between anode and cathode, arc which is maintained and causes the ablation of the material of the capillary and the generation of a plasma that comes out of the torch 1 through the axial hole 24.
  • the anode 2 proposed by the invention makes it possible to avoid any plasma leakage towards the rear of the torch (towards the contact 11).
  • the cylindrical body 12 of the anode 2 surrounds the capillary 4 over its entire length. It ensures the maintenance radial of this one despite the strong pressures developed at inside the torch. This results in excellent hold mechanical torch with minimal radial bulk.
  • the torch according to the invention can be used in the armament field for firing high-speed projectiles significant (greater than 2000 m / s).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
EP97402414A 1996-10-18 1997-10-14 Plasmabrenner mit neuen Dichtungsmerkmalen Expired - Lifetime EP0837621B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9612680A FR2754969B1 (fr) 1996-10-18 1996-10-18 Torche a plasma a etancheite amelioree
FR9612680 1996-10-18
US08/954,036 US5938950A (en) 1996-10-18 1997-10-20 Plasma torch with improved gas-tightness

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0837621A1 true EP0837621A1 (de) 1998-04-22
EP0837621B1 EP0837621B1 (de) 2003-02-19

Family

ID=26233049

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97402414A Expired - Lifetime EP0837621B1 (de) 1996-10-18 1997-10-14 Plasmabrenner mit neuen Dichtungsmerkmalen

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5938950A (de)
EP (1) EP0837621B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2754969B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111918473A (zh) * 2020-07-27 2020-11-10 内蒙古东源科技有限公司 一种等离子体炬绝缘密封装置
CN116669272A (zh) * 2023-06-19 2023-08-29 南京理工大学 一种高温等离子体射流发生装置

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6329628B1 (en) * 1998-12-10 2001-12-11 Polytechnic University Methods and apparatus for generating a plasma torch
GB0011080D0 (en) * 2000-05-08 2000-06-28 Wang Wang N Electrodes and plasma generating devices including electrodes
FR2827039B1 (fr) 2001-07-06 2003-11-28 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif d'allumage pour un chargement propulsif
FR2844873B1 (fr) * 2002-09-25 2006-11-24 Giat Ind Sa Inflammateur a double effet et procede d'allumage mettant en oeuvre un tel inflammateur
US6805055B1 (en) * 2003-06-25 2004-10-19 Gamma Recherches & Technologies Patent Sa Plasma firing mechanism and method for firing ammunition
US7091441B1 (en) * 2004-03-19 2006-08-15 Polytechnic University Portable arc-seeded microwave plasma torch
EP1689216A1 (de) * 2005-02-04 2006-08-09 Vlaamse Instelling Voor Technologisch Onderzoek (Vito) Plasmastrahl unter atmosphärischem Druck
SE533831C2 (sv) * 2005-03-15 2011-02-01 Bae Systems Bofors Ab Plasmajettändare för en elektro-termisk-kemisk(ETK) kanon, kulspruta eller annat eldrörsvapen av motsvarande typ
CN102897892B (zh) * 2012-10-26 2013-10-16 清华大学 一种增强型毛细管针放电等离子体水处理装置
US11617610B2 (en) 2018-04-26 2023-04-04 Us Patent Innovations Llc System and method for micro-sized cold atmospheric plasma treatment

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0338458A1 (de) * 1988-04-18 1989-10-25 Fmc Corporation Plasma-Waffe mit einem Verbrennungsverstärker
US5287791A (en) * 1992-06-22 1994-02-22 Fmc Corporation Precision generator and distributor device for plasma in electrothermal-chemical gun systems
GB2276801A (en) * 1993-03-29 1994-10-05 Fmc Corp Multiple arc plasma initiating ignition/combustions in a cartridge for a projectile

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5261315A (en) * 1991-11-04 1993-11-16 Fmc Corporation Precision capillary discharge switch

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0338458A1 (de) * 1988-04-18 1989-10-25 Fmc Corporation Plasma-Waffe mit einem Verbrennungsverstärker
US5287791A (en) * 1992-06-22 1994-02-22 Fmc Corporation Precision generator and distributor device for plasma in electrothermal-chemical gun systems
GB2276801A (en) * 1993-03-29 1994-10-05 Fmc Corp Multiple arc plasma initiating ignition/combustions in a cartridge for a projectile

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111918473A (zh) * 2020-07-27 2020-11-10 内蒙古东源科技有限公司 一种等离子体炬绝缘密封装置
CN116669272A (zh) * 2023-06-19 2023-08-29 南京理工大学 一种高温等离子体射流发生装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0837621B1 (de) 2003-02-19
FR2754969A1 (fr) 1998-04-24
FR2754969B1 (fr) 1998-11-27
US5938950A (en) 1999-08-17

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