EP0844100A2 - Blanchet d'impression offset - Google Patents

Blanchet d'impression offset Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0844100A2
EP0844100A2 EP97120396A EP97120396A EP0844100A2 EP 0844100 A2 EP0844100 A2 EP 0844100A2 EP 97120396 A EP97120396 A EP 97120396A EP 97120396 A EP97120396 A EP 97120396A EP 0844100 A2 EP0844100 A2 EP 0844100A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
printing
layer
blanket
printing blanket
continuously produced
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97120396A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0844100B1 (fr
EP0844100A3 (fr
Inventor
Giovanni Dr. Batti
Bruno Ginelli
Mirco Dr. Pellegrini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novurania SpA
Original Assignee
Novurania SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Novurania SpA filed Critical Novurania SpA
Publication of EP0844100A2 publication Critical patent/EP0844100A2/fr
Publication of EP0844100A3 publication Critical patent/EP0844100A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0844100B1 publication Critical patent/EP0844100B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N10/00—Blankets or like coverings; Coverings for wipers for intaglio printing
    • B41N10/02—Blanket structure
    • B41N10/04—Blanket structure multi-layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N2210/00—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings
    • B41N2210/04—Intermediate layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N2210/00—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings
    • B41N2210/06—Backcoats; Back layers; Bottom layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N2210/00—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings
    • B41N2210/14—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings characterised by macromolecular organic compounds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/909—Resilient layer, e.g. printer's blanket

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a printing blanket for offset printing according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • Printing blankets which are attached to the printing cylinder of an offset printing machine, serve to print the image, for example on a metal printing plate, onto the material to be printed, for example paper, cardboard or metal, which can be in the form of sheets or rolls transfer.
  • the first type which is the subject of the present invention, are so-called.
  • Continuously produced printing blankets that are continuously produced on a roll and then cut to size according to the printing cylinder on which they are to be used.
  • the second and third types are individually manufactured printing blankets, which are each specially made for the printing cylinder to be used and, on the one hand, like a sleeve ( Sleeve printing blanket ”) can be pushed over the printing cylinder or, on the other hand, traditionally can be clamped individually with a tensioning device.
  • the second type of printing blanket has the advantage that it is not attached to the printing cylinder by means of a groove formed in the cylinder surface by conventional means Thus, there are no imbalances in the rotation of the printing cylinder and a higher rotational and thus printing speed is made possible are also very expensive.
  • the continuously produced printing blankets are each cut according to the dimensions of the impression cylinder.
  • Attach the respective blanket to the printing cylinder clamping rails attached to the blanket for example by means of screws, whereupon the Clamping rails on a groove of the impression cylinder formed in the cylinder surface were clamped.
  • this technique is outdated and is becoming current Disposable rails are used, which are clamped to the printing blanket and glued at the same time will. If the printing blanket is worn, it will be together with the disposable rail disposed of. In comparison to the previously used multi-purpose clamping rails is therefore It is important in today's technology that the printing blanket is constructed in such a way that the one-way clamping rails can easily fall in love with him.
  • a printing blanket which has a lithographic surface on its Has top and a metal layer on its underside. Between the Metal layer and the lithographic surface is a compression layer arranged.
  • a compression layer serves to avoid a Process through volume reduction in the pressure zone and to compensate for Indentation differences. It is crucial that the compression layer is itself does not expand when compressed, i.e. that their volume at Squeezing actually shrinks so that no laterally spreading Faults arise.
  • the printing blanket disclosed in the Japanese patent application has the great disadvantage that that its lower layer is formed from the reinforcing layer, which is made of metal here is, so that the disposable clamping rails used today for fastening the Printing blanket on the printing cylinder can not be reliably attached to this printing blanket can.
  • the metal such as Aluminum existing one-way clamping rails can be difficult to fall in love on the metal layer, so that a reliable It is not possible to clamp this blanket on the printing cylinder.
  • Another The disadvantage of the metal layer arranged on the underside of the printing blanket is that Moisture that is between the blanket and the printing cylinder during the Printing process forms or gets there, neither absorbed by the printing blanket be able to step out laterally between the printing blanket and printing cylinder and thus can lead to corrosion of the impression cylinder.
  • the same disadvantages apply of course also for printing blankets that have a polymer or on their underside Have polyester film, because the disposable clamping rails hardly on these materials are glued and no liquid is absorbed by them, but is included.
  • Some of the known printing blankets without a reinforcing layer have the disadvantage that the stabilizing layer (or several Stabilizing layers) made of fabric material, for example cotton fabric material, have a comparatively high static elongation. This leads to the fact that Printing blankets on the printing cylinder often have to be retensioned and the Print quality is affected by blurring of the individual halftone dots. Especially when used for four-color printing, four for four colors in a row arranged pressure cylinder can be used, an uneven expansion of the four printing blankets used in succession for printing on the same sheet of paper lead to a false register of colors and thus image blur.
  • the stretch in the weft direction is Fabric much higher than in the warp direction, so that this only on a pressure cylinder with the warp direction (longitudinal direction) in the circumferential direction of the cylinder can. Clamping the printing blankets on the printing cylinder in the weft direction (Transverse direction) is not possible due to the high elongation.
  • a printing blanket which has a lithographic surface, a Reinforcement layer made of metal, a compression layer and a fabric layer has, which is arranged on the lower layer of the printing blanket.
  • the one on the bottom arranged fabric layer is on the underside of the compression layer arranged, which is attached to the reinforcing layer on its upper side.
  • the Print layer with the lithographic surface is by means of a primer or a Adhesive layer attached to the metal layer. So are on this known printing blanket Although the disposable clamping rails used nowadays can be easily attached, as its Underside is formed by a layer of fabric, however, it has other serious Disadvantages.
  • the first disadvantage is that the metal reinforcement layer, the according to their purpose, to stretch the blanket lengthways and crossways avoid a slight stretch and when opening the printing blanket a compression cylinder strongly compresses the underlying compression layer.
  • Another disadvantage of this known printing blanket is that it is not a printing blanket for the Printing on varnishes can be used.
  • varnish usually cut out parts of the lithographic surface manually or with a plotter, that correspond to those parts of the object to be printed that do not have varnish should be printed.
  • the remaining uncut parts of the lithographic surface take up the varnish and print it on the corresponding sections of the respective object to be painted.
  • the relief depth is crucial. The deeper the relief depth is, the better it can be prevented be that paint accumulates in the cut out parts and accumulates and itself then transfers to the respective object to be printed (substrate), which is a Decrease in quality and cause an undesired machine downtime can.
  • the printing blanket known from the above Japanese patent application however, the metal layer just below that forming the lithographic surface Print layer. If this printing blanket is to be used for varnish printing, the maximum relief depth only correspond to the thickness of the print layer, since no further than can be cut to the hard metal layer. So this is known Printing blanket difficult to use for varnish printing because the relief depth is too small. The cut out parts of the printing blanket create an insufficient relief depth and lead after a short printing time for the accumulation of paint in the recessed areas. This known printing blanket is therefore not for printing varnish over a longer period Suitable period.
  • the object of the present invention is thus a continuously produced Printing blanket for offset printing with a lithographic surface, one Compression layer, a reinforcement layer with a low stretch and one on the side of the reinforcement layer facing away from the lithographic surface Arranged fabric layer to provide improved print quality in particular through a better distribution of the pressure during the printing process enables and that is still suitable for coating printing.
  • This task is accomplished through a continuously produced blanket for offset printing solved with the features of claim 1, which is characterized in that the Compression layer between the lithographic surface and the Reinforcement layer is arranged.
  • the fabric layer which is arranged on the side of the reinforcement layer which is from the facing away from the lithographic surface enables a safe and reliable Attachment of the one-way clamping rails to the printing blanket.
  • the usually made of metal Existing disposable clamping rails can be easily glued to the fabric will.
  • Another advantage of this fabric layer is that it can be used during the Liquid produced between the reinforcing layer and the printing process Soak up the pressure cylinder and discharge it as a result of wicking, so that this Liquid can evaporate and cause no corrosion.
  • the fabric layer is advantageously on that of the lithographic surface opposite side of the reinforcement layer attached.
  • At least one further compression layer to arrange the lithographic surface and the reinforcing layer.
  • This allows for example, one or between the first and a second compression layer several layers of tissue can be arranged.
  • the first reinforcement layer and a second reinforcement layer for example through one or more fabric layers be separated.
  • the or one of the reinforcement layers consists of one Polymer film, a polyester film or a metal foil.
  • the printing blanket according to the invention for coating printing it is advantageous that when cutting the printing forms right up to the hard reinforcement film can be cut out without being injured.
  • the printing blanket according to the exemplary embodiment has a lithographic layer 5, which is provided with a lithographic surface 6 for transferring the printed image.
  • a tissue intermediate layer 4 Under the lithographic layer 5 is a tissue intermediate layer 4 and one compressible layer 3 arranged, for example, contains microspheres.
  • Means a further intermediate layer 7 of fabric is underneath the stabilizing layer 1 consisting for example of a polymer film or a metal foil.
  • a textile finishing layer 2 the better one Connection of the printing blanket with a disposable clamping rail is used in the Printing cylinder is clamped.
  • the layers are known per se Bonding techniques linked together. It should be noted that in the shown Embodiment the textile layers 4, 7 for reasons of simpler Producibility are provided, but can also be omitted without the To leave the framework of the teaching according to the invention.
  • the static elongation of the blanket was measured as follows: A blanket sample 25 mm wide and 300 mm long is clamped and a tensile load of 250 N exposed for 10 minutes. The relative stretch of the blanket is measured on a reference length of 100 mm.
  • the reinforcement layer 1 is like this trained that the stretch of the blanket with a static load of 10 Newton per mm for 10 minutes in the longitudinal and transverse directions at most 3% is.
  • the printing blanket can advantageously be designed so that the static expansion in Lengthways and crossways maximum 2%, maximum 1% or maximum 0.5% is.
  • the difference between the static elongation in the longitudinal direction and the static elongation in the transverse direction can be at most 1%, preferably at most 0.5% be.
  • the elongation is Blanket with a static load of 10 Newtons per mm for 10 minutes Duration in at least one direction at most 0.6%.
  • offset printing of particularly high resolution is possible.
  • the possibly still existing fabric layers only serve to simplify the connection of the Layers among themselves. Therefore, an inexpensive material can be used for the fabric layers High stretch fabrics are used because their stretch properties are not of Meaning.
  • One or more reinforcement layers made of polymer film or metal foil have the advantage that the stretching properties are isotropic in contrast to fabric material and the printing blanket can therefore be stretched onto the printing cylinder in both the longitudinal and transverse directions.
  • the printing blanket can be cut from the roll in both the longitudinal and transverse directions, and if necessary also in any other direction, whereby a larger number of printing cylinder widths can be supplied with a given roll width without unnecessarily much waste.
  • printing blankets (a so-called. Winder ”) after removal of the damaged area in the transverse direction again clamped on a printing cylinder of a smaller format and thus continue to be used.
  • the reinforcement layer made of a polymer or metal foil also has a significantly smaller elongation than known printing blankets according to the prior art with a reinforcement layer made of textile fabric material, so that a distortion or an increase in the pressure points ( dot gain ") is reduced. This makes it possible to improve the resolution that can be achieved with the printing blanket.
  • the printing original which is applied by means of a rigid plastic film (film) or directly to the likewise rigid printing plate, is likewise used in the exemplary embodiment described Rigid printing blanket is then transferred to the rigid substrate (paper, cardboard, metal, plastic), so there is only a very slight stretching of the image-transmitting medium in every process step of the printing process, in contrast to known printing blankets with reinforcing layers made of textile fabric.
  • the printing blanket according to the invention also has the advantage that at a lower Stretching a frequent tensioning of the printing blanket on the printing cylinder as with conventional printing blankets is not required. Besides, the loss of strength is that caused by the stretching of the printing blanket, less.
  • the printing blanket according to the exemplary embodiment has a slight plastic stretching of the printing blanket, ie if it is used repeatedly with interruption, the printing blanket returns to its original stretching state, so to speak Memory ". This is particularly advantageous if parts are cut out in the printing blanket in order not to print at the cut-out areas. As mentioned above, this process is used to provide only parts of a printed image with an additional lacquer layer, but to leave other parts unpainted .
  • the adhesion between the reinforcement layer is advantageously and the overlying layers between 0.3 and 1kg / cm, whereas the adhesion between the reinforcement layer 1 and the underlying fabric layer 2 is preferably greater than 1kg / cm. It is particularly advantageous to be precise predefined target separation value that specifies the separability of the above Reinforcement layer 1 layers from the reinforcement layer 1 precisely specifies for a simple detachment of the corresponding parts of the printing blanket for coating printing to enable.
  • the reinforcing layer 1 is a polyester film, it is particularly favorable to use the adhesive or - Primer intermediate layer, which of course between the individual in the Blanket provided layers are present to secure them together, made from an antistatic rubber compound. Because the polyester film is hydrophobic and is dielectric and does not absorb water, static electricity can build up on it occur. Through the use of antistatic rubber compounds for the adhesive or Intermediate layers create a static charge on the entire printing blanket avoided. The effect of avoiding static build-up of the printing blanket is further supports if the reinforcement layer 1 has a static elongation of less than 0.4%.

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  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
EP97120396A 1996-11-22 1997-11-20 Blanchet d'impression offset Expired - Lifetime EP0844100B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19648494 1996-11-22
DE19648494A DE19648494C2 (de) 1996-11-22 1996-11-22 Drucktuch für Offsetdruck

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0844100A2 true EP0844100A2 (fr) 1998-05-27
EP0844100A3 EP0844100A3 (fr) 1998-09-09
EP0844100B1 EP0844100B1 (fr) 2001-05-30

Family

ID=7812528

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97120396A Expired - Lifetime EP0844100B1 (fr) 1996-11-22 1997-11-20 Blanchet d'impression offset

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6019042A (fr)
EP (1) EP0844100B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4104194B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE201631T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19648494C2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1112860A3 (fr) * 1999-12-27 2003-04-16 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft Méthode pour la fabrication des blanchets d'impression tubulaires en caoutchouc
WO2010069540A3 (fr) * 2008-12-18 2010-08-12 Manroland Ag Blanchet de forme cylindrique, à extension radiale, et procédé de fabrication d'un blanchet de ce type
ITMI20100850A1 (it) * 2010-05-13 2011-11-14 Printgraph Waterless S P A Blanket particolarmente per macchine da verniciatura per l ottenimento ottimale di riserve
IT201800002259A1 (it) * 2018-01-31 2019-07-31 Pavan Forniture Grafiche S P A Unità strutturale sotto blanket per cilindri porta-blanket di macchine da stampa e procedimento per regolare una distanza di un blanket da una parete di un cilindro porta-blanket

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3467456B2 (ja) 1999-09-10 2003-11-17 住友ゴム工業株式会社 印刷用ブランケット
US6389965B1 (en) * 1999-12-21 2002-05-21 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Tubular printing blanket with tubular isotropic reinforcing layer
US6640711B2 (en) * 2002-01-15 2003-11-04 Michael A. Smoot Bridge mandrel for use as a repeat builder in a printing machine
US7399526B2 (en) * 2002-10-11 2008-07-15 Day International, Inc. Printing blanket and method for reducing corrosion and abrasion of printing blankets and blanket cylinders
US7498274B2 (en) * 2004-05-14 2009-03-03 Day International, Inc. Composite packing material for use in offset lithography and method of making
US8783178B2 (en) * 2005-11-09 2014-07-22 Day International, Inc. Printing blanket including a non-extensible backing layer and a relief area which may be mounted in a variety of lockup mechanisms
US20080041255A1 (en) * 2006-08-18 2008-02-21 Andrew Robert L Printing blanket having a non-extensible porous backing
DE102009003817A1 (de) 2009-04-23 2010-10-28 Contitech Elastomer-Beschichtungen Gmbh Mehrschichtiges Flächengebilde in Form eines Drucktuches oder einer Druckplatte für den Flexo-und Hochdruck mit einer Lasergravur
DE102009043921A1 (de) 2009-09-01 2011-03-03 Contitech Elastomer-Beschichtungen Gmbh Mehrschichtiges Flächengebilde und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102010055576A1 (de) 2010-12-21 2012-06-21 Manroland Ag Drucktuch für eine Rollenrotationsdruckmaschine
US9156299B2 (en) 2011-06-30 2015-10-13 Eastman Kodak Company Laser-imageable flexographic printing precursors and methods of imaging
DE102011053747A1 (de) 2011-09-19 2013-03-21 Contitech Elastomer-Beschichtungen Gmbh Druckform zur Verwendung für den Hochdruck, insbesondere den Flexodruck
DE102011053748A1 (de) 2011-09-19 2013-03-21 Contitech Elastomer-Beschichtungen Gmbh Mehrschichtiges Flächengebilde zur Verwendung als Drucktuch oder Druckplatte für den Hochdruck, insbesondere den Flexodruck

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US3263606A (en) * 1964-05-27 1966-08-02 William G Poynter Multicolor perfecting press having an offset blanket with electromagnetic support means
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GB1250912A (fr) * 1968-08-10 1971-10-27
US3983287A (en) * 1971-11-22 1976-09-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Compressible printing blanket
DE2217796C3 (de) * 1972-04-13 1980-04-03 Elisabeth 5110 Alsdorf Klapproth Geb. Weyermann Zweischichten-Drucktuch für Offset-Druckmaschinen
DE2244766A1 (de) * 1972-09-13 1974-03-21 Continental Gummi Werke Ag Drucktuch
US3881045A (en) * 1973-07-24 1975-04-29 Du Pont Offset printing blanket
DE2337962A1 (de) * 1973-07-26 1975-04-03 Phoenix Gummiwerke Ag Zweiteiliges drucktuch
DE2530355A1 (de) * 1975-07-08 1977-01-20 Roland Trautmann Drucktuch mit nicht dehnbarer unterlage fuer offsetdruck
JPS59209198A (ja) * 1983-05-13 1984-11-27 Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd オフセツト印刷機用ブランケツト
US5006400A (en) * 1988-12-09 1991-04-09 Day International Printing blanket construction having nontextured surface
US4981750A (en) * 1989-01-23 1991-01-01 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Printing blanket with lateral stability
WO1991004157A1 (fr) * 1989-09-19 1991-04-04 Kinyosha Co., Ltd. Blanchet de caoutchouc comprimable pour impression offset
JPH0717114B2 (ja) * 1989-10-19 1995-03-01 住友ゴム工業株式会社 オフセットブランケット
US5066537A (en) * 1990-10-04 1991-11-19 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Printing blanket containing a high elongation fabric
JP2726341B2 (ja) * 1990-12-04 1998-03-11 住友ゴム工業 株式会社 印刷用オフセットブランケット
US5352507A (en) * 1991-04-08 1994-10-04 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Seamless multilayer printing blanket
CA2068629C (fr) * 1991-05-14 1996-05-07 James B. Vrotacoe Blanchet d'imprimerie tubulaire sans passage
FR2718079B1 (fr) * 1994-03-31 1996-05-15 Rollin Sa Blanchet d'impression perfectionné et cylindre d'impression équipé de ce blanchet.

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1112860A3 (fr) * 1999-12-27 2003-04-16 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft Méthode pour la fabrication des blanchets d'impression tubulaires en caoutchouc
WO2010069540A3 (fr) * 2008-12-18 2010-08-12 Manroland Ag Blanchet de forme cylindrique, à extension radiale, et procédé de fabrication d'un blanchet de ce type
ITMI20100850A1 (it) * 2010-05-13 2011-11-14 Printgraph Waterless S P A Blanket particolarmente per macchine da verniciatura per l ottenimento ottimale di riserve
IT201800002259A1 (it) * 2018-01-31 2019-07-31 Pavan Forniture Grafiche S P A Unità strutturale sotto blanket per cilindri porta-blanket di macchine da stampa e procedimento per regolare una distanza di un blanket da una parete di un cilindro porta-blanket

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6019042A (en) 2000-02-01
JP4104194B2 (ja) 2008-06-18
ATE201631T1 (de) 2001-06-15
JPH10297133A (ja) 1998-11-10
DE19648494C2 (de) 2002-03-07
EP0844100B1 (fr) 2001-05-30
EP0844100A3 (fr) 1998-09-09
DE19648494A1 (de) 1998-06-04
DE59703667D1 (de) 2001-07-05

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