EP0846042B1 - Trockenrasierapparat - Google Patents
Trockenrasierapparat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0846042B1 EP0846042B1 EP96922028A EP96922028A EP0846042B1 EP 0846042 B1 EP0846042 B1 EP 0846042B1 EP 96922028 A EP96922028 A EP 96922028A EP 96922028 A EP96922028 A EP 96922028A EP 0846042 B1 EP0846042 B1 EP 0846042B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shaving apparatus
- hair cutting
- dry shaving
- slide
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 8
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002996 emotional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001061 forehead Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B26B19/00—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers
- B26B19/02—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers of the reciprocating-cutter type
- B26B19/04—Cutting heads therefor; Cutters therefor; Securing equipment thereof
- B26B19/10—Cutting heads therefor; Cutters therefor; Securing equipment thereof involving two or more different types of reciprocating cutting elements, e.g. a pair of toothed shearing elements combined with a pair of perforated cutting elements or a combined toothed and perforated cutting assembly
- B26B19/102—Cutting heads therefor; Cutters therefor; Securing equipment thereof involving two or more different types of reciprocating cutting elements, e.g. a pair of toothed shearing elements combined with a pair of perforated cutting elements or a combined toothed and perforated cutting assembly with a secondary cutting unit being translated or slid into an operating position
Definitions
- the invention relates to a dry shaver with at least one in a housing arranged electric motor and with at least one short hair cutting system as well as an adjustable long hair cutting system and with a Actuator switch, the long hair cutting system by means of an electric motor drivable transmission device in and from at least one operating position is adjustable.
- From JP-A-4-253 888 is a dry shaver of the type mentioned known.
- the transmission device is from one on the motor shaft of an electric motor arranged gear and a coupled with this rack.
- the one with The LHS system firmly connected electric motor moves together in the vertical direction with the gear on the rack attached to the housing depending on the direction of rotation back and forth. Taking the electric motor inside the razor housing while transporting the LHS system in and out of an operating position requires one corresponding free space and, consequently, an enlargement of the dry shaving apparatus In its entirety.
- To the torque required to transport the electric motor and the LHS system according to the current state of development of electric motors an electric motor with a speed range of approx. 1000-1200 UPM used and this speed by means of a gear device to about 1000 RPM be downgraded. Such a reduction is with the gear device not feasible according to JP-A-4-253 888.
- a dry shaving apparatus with an LHS system is known from JP-A-4-253 890, that by means of an electric motor and a gear device from the housing of the dry shaver in an operating position and pivotable back into the housing from this is.
- the gear units provided for this exist e.g. from a combination of at least one gearwheel with an arched rack with internal and external teeth or from several, different diameters having gears.
- the sizes of Gear ratios for example by means of a rack and Gears or transmission devices consisting of a double-armed lever can be accomplished, set narrow limits, especially since that of the user Actuation switch to be applied actuation pressure in the course of the adjustment path of the Long hair cutting system is also to be considered, so that this is not considered is felt uncomfortably difficult.
- the object of the invention is in a dry shaver of the aforementioned Type the transport of an adjustable long hair cutting system in and out to facilitate at least one operating position, in particular the one required for this Reduce switching path of the actuation switch for the user.
- this object is achieved in a dry shaver 1 mentioned type by the features specified in the characterizing part of this claim solved.
- a major advantage of the invention is that by means of the threaded spindle as well as a moving rack movable with the threaded spindle and one with the sliding block coupled slide formed linear feed gear device Feed speed in and out of an operating position in a variety of ways simple and easy to adapt to the respective application and also changeable is.
- the feed speed of the slide is initially dependent on the speed of the Electric motor and the pitch of the threads of the threaded spindle and drive shaft and in addition in a preferred embodiment additionally from the Gear ratio of the speed reduction gear.
- the housing Electric motors there are two in the housing Electric motors are provided, one of the electric motors being the transmission device assigned.
- a major advantage of this measure is that the two Electric motors each based on the specific application in terms of performance, in particular the speed and size can be matched. Furthermore simplifies and facilitates this earmarked intended according to the invention Use of two electric motors to accommodate each with this electric motor coupled components as for driving the cutting elements of the intended Cutting systems on the one hand and the gear mechanism for the adjustable long hair cutting system on the other hand, within the volume of the housing of the dry shaving apparatus.
- a major advantage of the invention is that only by activation of an electric motor driving a transmission device via an actuation switch the adjustable long hair cutting system in and out at least one of the intended operating positions is moved.
- To activate the electric motor can in particular a variety of differently designed actuation switches Operating switches with extremely short switching travel, e.g. Pressure switch or Rocker switch or without a switching path such as Contact switches are provided.
- the long hair trimming system is activated after the actuation switch and this automatically triggers activation of the electric motor via the transmission device transported to the initially specified operating position and can then by actuation of the actuation switch again in further operating positions or from one Such operating position can be adjusted to the off position.
- the two electric motors can be activated by means of a common actuation switch. Therefore, they are for the Switching on and off the electric motors largely requires the switching elements integrated in the operating switch.
- an actuation switch is assigned to each electric motor. This embodiment ensures direct activation when using the dry shaver or switching off the long hair cutting system in relation to the short hair cutting system and thus the simultaneous use or separate use of short hair cutting system and long hair cutting system with just one switching operation via the intended actuation switch.
- the arrangement of two actuation switches for each special function is considered by many users of such devices a measure that makes handling easier.
- the linear feed gear device a speed reduction gear assigned.
- the combination of Linear feed gear device and speed reduction gear ensures a Particularly easy and sensitive adjustment or adjustment of the feed movement of the adjustable long hair trimmer system.
- the long hair cutting system is on the slide firmly arranged.
- the long hair cutting system is on the slide pivotally arranged.
- this embodiment is on a housing wall of the long hair cutting system Plunger mounted in such a way that when a plunger abuts against a stop on the chassis and subsequent further movement of the slide in the direction Short hair cutting system a swiveling movement of the long hair cutting system with the Housing wall is guaranteed.
- the swivel range of the long hair cutting system can up to 180 °.
- the tappet is in one on the Enclosed slot slidably guided housing wall.
- the plunger is slidable on the slide and / or the housing guided.
- the housing wall is preferably one against the action of a spring force Spring pivoted.
- FIG. 1 shows a dry shaving apparatus with one of two housing shells 1 and 2 formed housing 3, a fixed or removable arranged on the housing 3 Shaving head frame 4 in which, for example, two short hair cutting systems K1 and K2 are arranged between two opposite end cheeks 5 and 6.
- the short hair cutting systems K1 and K2 can be both relatively rigid and relatively movable to each other as well as jointly pivotable about an axis in the shaving head frame be provided.
- a U-shaped recess 7 is formed in the front of the housing shell 1, in the slide 8 carrying a long hair cutting system L1 and an actuation switch 9 are arranged to be movable in and against a vertical direction V.
- L1 can be fixedly arranged on the slide 8 - See Fig. 2 - or, according to a further embodiment, pivotable on the slide 8 be stored - see Fig. 3 -.
- the operating switch 9 is, for example designed as a slide switch. However, other types of operating switches can also be used for example, pressure switches, rocker switches, sensor switches or rotary switches provided to activate one or more electric motors arranged in the housing become.
- At least one switching link 13 is located on the operating switch 9 provided with locking positions 10, 11 and 12.
- At least on the housing shell 1 a spring-elastic spring arm 15 which has a latching cam 14 molded, by means of which the operating switch 9 in the respective switching positions held by engagement of the locking cam 14 in the respective locking position 10, 11 and 12 is.
- the actuating switch 9 is the slide 8 with the long hair cutting system L1 active in an area below that for cutting hair usable areas of the intended short hair cutting systems K1 and K2, so that use of the shear-active area of the intended short hair cutting system unhindered by the long hair trimming system L1.
- FIG. 2 shows a side view of the dry shaving apparatus according to FIG. 1 with one on the housing shells 1 and 2 of the housing 3 attached shaving head frame 4, the Forehead cheek 5 from the housing 3 to the outer contours of the short hair cutting systems K1 and K2 is increasingly tapered.
- a recess 16 is formed, which is interrupted in Fig. 2 Line is shown.
- the switch position Off of the operating switch 9 is the long hair cutting system L1 in the recess 16 in the transition area from the housing shell 1 and the recess 16 in the shaving head frame 4. From this Switch position OFF can the long hair trimming system L1 in an above the outer Contours of the short hair cutting systems K1 and K2 intended operating position B. and transported back.
- the operating position B shown in Fig. 2 is Above one tangent to the vertices of the short hair cutting systems K1 and K2 Tangent T.
- the Operating position B of the long hair cutting system that can be transported from the OFF switching position L1 lies above one at the top vertex of one or more of the the most protruding cutting systems from the shaving head frame 4, e.g. Short hair cutting system K1 and / or short hair cutting system K2 and / or long hair cutting system L2 placed tangent T.
- the pivot angle W of the cutting blades 17 and 18 of the long hair cutting system L1 and the housing wall 19 transporting them up to 180 ° can be.
- Utilization of the swivel angle range W from 90 ° to 180 ° ensures an optimal view of the cutting area of the Land hair cutting system L1 in a mirror.
- exploitation of the swivel angle range W from 90 ° to 180 ° a reduction in the adjustment path of the slide 8 carrying the long hair cutting system L1 from the switch position OFF in operating position B above tangent T.
- Fig. 4 shows components of a dry shaver with a pivoted Long hair cutting system L1 after acceptance of all components of the short hair cutting system and the housing shells 1 and 2 of the housing 3 from a chassis 20.
- a slide 8 is slidably guided on the chassis 20.
- the slide 8 points in Area of the long hair cutting system L1 side walls 22 and 23 on which the Housing wall 19 of the long hair cutting system L1 by means of pivot bearings 24 and 25 is pivotally mounted.
- the drive lever 26 is used to transmit one of one electric drive outgoing oscillating movement on the oscillating cutting knife 17 or 18 of the long hair trimmer system L1.
- an actuation switch 9 - see FIG. 1 - can be activated Electric motor 27 arranged here, for example, via a speed reduction gear 28 with a gear device G, namely a linear feed gear device 29 is coupled.
- the linear feed gear device 29 consists of a Threaded spindle 30 and a movable on the threaded spindle 30 back and forth Triebstock 31, which has a fork 32 and a coupling element 33 with the slide 8 is coupled.
- the back and forth movement of the rack 31 in and against the vertical direction V and thus the slider 8 on the threaded spindle 30 is for example via a resilient lever 34 and the stops 35 and 36 provided on the chassis 20 can be limited.
- the slope of the Threads 37 of the threaded spindle 30, the reduction ratio of the speed reduction gear 28 and the speed of the electric motor 27 are changeable Sizes that are sensitive to the given application enable.
- a Molded support member 39 On the side walls 22 and 23 connecting wall 49 of the slide 8 is a Molded support member 39.
- On the carrier element is designed as a torsion spring Spring 40 arranged, the spring ends on the one hand on the housing wall 19 and on the other rest on a wall of the slide 8.
- a coupling piece 41 is integrally formed on the housing wall 19.
- an elongated hole 42 is formed, into which a coupling pin provided on a plunger 43 44 - see Figs. 5 and 7 - slidably engages.
- the plunger 43 extends in the direction of the electric motor.
- On the electric motor facing end of the plunger 43 is on the side facing the chassis 20 Stop 45 and on the side facing the slider 8 a cam 47 for guidance of the plunger 43 formed in a guide groove 48 in the slide 8 - see Fig. 7-.
- Fig. 5 shows a longitudinal section through the upper part of the chassis 20 and through in Switch position OFF, i.e. long hair cutting system when swiveled in L1.
- a stop 46 for the plunger 43 is formed on the chassis 20, its interaction with the stop 45 of the plunger 43 with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7 is explained in more detail.
- the embodiment according to FIG. 5 also shows with the housing wall 19 coupled cutting blades 17 and 18 of the long hair cutting system L1 and the coupling piece 41 provided with an elongated hole 42 and the plunger 43, which engages in the elongated hole 42 via the coupling bolt 44.
- Fig. 6 shows the pivoted long hair cutting system L1 is pivoted out Condition, whereby for a better representation of the side walls 22 and 23 of the slide 8 and the swivel bearings 24 and 25 provided thereon for the swivel-mounted ones Housing wall 19 and the coupling of the coupling piece 41 with the plunger 43, the arrangement of the spring 40 on the carrier element 39, the cutting knives 17 and 18 of the long hair trimmer system L1 have been omitted.
- the pivoted housing wall takes 19 of the long hair cutting system L1 still the pivot position shown in Fig. 5.
- the slide 8 executes the housing wall 19 with the on this housing wall provided cutting blades 17 and 18 a pivoting movement against the Pressure of the spring 40 designed as a torsion spring.
- the long hair cutting system has a pivoting angle W of, for example, 100 ° - see FIG.
- the stop 35 can be designed, for example, as a contactor for the electric motor be and therefore cause an interruption of the circuit.
- the stop 35 can e.g. also act as a load switch in such a way that by an increased current consumption the electric motor the electric motor is switched off.
- FIG. 7 shows a section through the upper part of the chassis 20 with the stop 46 on the chassis 20 and the stop 45 on the ram 43. Opposite the stop 45 is formed on the plunger 43, a cam 48 for guiding the plunger 43 engages in a guide groove 47 provided on the slide 8. The opposite The end of the plunger 43 is located above the coupling bolt 44 due to the slightly larger travel of the slide 8 relative to the plunger 43 at the lower end of slot 42.
- the long hair trimmer system L1 is returned to the OFF position by actuating the actuation switch 9 again, e.g. by repatriation of the locking position 12 in the locking position 11 - see Fig. 1 -. With this switching process a reversal of the direction of rotation of the electric motor 27 is effected at the same time.
- the Triebstock 31 performs an actuating movement from the stop with the spring-elastic lever 34 35 to the plant on which the stop 36 from, for example, as a contactor trained stop 36 from; whereby after the lever 34 abuts the electric motor is switched off.
- the long hair cutting system L1 is now in the Switch position OFF and below the active areas of the shaving head frame 4 provided short hair cutting systems K1 and K2 and / or L2 - see Fig. 1 to 3 -.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dry Shavers And Clippers (AREA)
- Reverberation, Karaoke And Other Acoustics (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Trockenrasierapparates mit zwei Kurzhaarschneidsystemen, einem verschiebbar gelagerten Langhaarschneidsystem und einem Betätigungsschalter,
- Figur 2
- eine Seitenansicht des Trockenrasierapparates nach Fig. 1 mit einem auf einem Schieber fest angeordneten Langhaarschneidsystems in Trimmposition,
- Figur 3
- eine Seitenansicht des Trockenrasierapparates nach Fig. 1 mit einem auf einem Schieber schwenkbar angeordneten Langhaarschneidsystem in Trimmposition,
- Figur 4
- eine perspektivische Darstellung des Gehäusechassis eines Trockenrasierers nach Fig. 1 mit schwenkbar gelagertem Langhaarschneidsystem in der Schaltstellung AUS sowie mit Bauelementen für den Transport des Langhaarschneidsystems in eine Betriebsstellung,
- Figur 5
- eine Seitenansicht des Chassis und des schwenkbar gelagerten Langhaarschneidsystems in Schaltstellung AUS,
- Figur 6
- einen Schnitt durch das Langhaarschneidsystem nach Fig. 5 mit einem mit der Gehäusewand gekoppelten Stössel,
- Figur 7
- eine perspektivische Darstellung des Chassis sowie einem in einer Betriebsstellung befindlichen Langhaarschneidsystem,
Claims (11)
- Trockenrasierapparat mit wenigstens einem in einem Gehäuse (3) angeordneten Elektromotor (27) und mit wenigstens einem Kurzhaarschneidsystem (K1, K2) sowie einem verstellbar angeordneten Langhaarschneidsystem (L1) und mit einem Betätigungsschalter (9), wobei das Langhaarschneidsystem (L1) mittels einer von einem Elektromotor (27) antreibbaren Getriebeeinrichtung (G) in und aus wenigstens einer Betriebsstellung (B) verstellbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Getriebeeinrichtung (G) aus einer Linearvorschubgetriebeeinrichtung (29) gebildet ist, die durch eine Gewindespindel (30), einen mittels der Gewindespindel (30) bewegbaren Triebstock (31) und einen mit dem Triebstock (31) gekoppelten Schieber (8) gebildet ist.
- Trockenrasierapparat nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Gehäuse (3) zwei Elektromotore (27) vorgesehen sind und einem der Elektromotore (27) die Getriebeeinrichtung (G) zugeordnet ist.
- Trockenrasierapparat nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Elektromotore (27) mittels eines gemeinsamen Betätigungsschalters (9) aktivierbar sind.
- Trockenrasierapparat nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedem Elektromotor (27) ein Betätigungsschalter (9) zugeordnet ist.
- Trockenrasierapparat nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Linearvorschubgetriebeeinrichtung (29) ein Drehzahluntersetzungsgetriebe (28) vorgeordnet ist.
- Trockenrasierapparat nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an dem Schieber (8) das Langhaarschneidsystem (L1) fest angeordnet ist.
- Trockenrasierapparat nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an dem Schieber (8) das Langhaarschneidsystem (L1) schwenkbar angeordnet ist.
- Trockenrasierapparat nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an einer Gehäusewand (19) des Langhaarschneidsystems (L1) ein Stössel (43) derart gelagert ist, daß bei Anlage eines Anschlages (45) des Stössels (43) an einem Anschlag (46) am Chassis (20) bei anschließender weiterer Bewegung des Schiebers (8) in Richtung Kurzhaarschneidsystem (K1, K2) eine Schwenkbewegung des Langhaarschneidsystem (L1) mit der Gehäusewand (19) gewährleistet ist.
- Trockenrasierapparat nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stössel (43) in einem an der Gehäusewand (19) vorgesehenen Langloch (42) gleitbar geführt ist.
- Trockenrasierapparat nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stössel (43) an dem Schieber (8) und/oder dem Gehäuse (3) gleitbar geführt ist.
- Trockenrasierapparat nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gehäusewand (19) gegen die Wirkung einer Federkraft einer Feder (40) schwenkbar ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19531013A DE19531013C1 (de) | 1995-08-22 | 1995-08-22 | Trockenrasierapparat |
| DE19531013 | 1995-08-22 | ||
| PCT/EP1996/002755 WO1997007942A1 (de) | 1995-08-22 | 1996-06-25 | Trockenrasierapparat |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0846042A1 EP0846042A1 (de) | 1998-06-10 |
| EP0846042B1 true EP0846042B1 (de) | 1999-10-27 |
Family
ID=7770195
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96922028A Expired - Lifetime EP0846042B1 (de) | 1995-08-22 | 1996-06-25 | Trockenrasierapparat |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0846042B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH11511993A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE186003T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19531013C1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1997007942A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9712663D0 (en) | 1997-06-16 | 1997-08-20 | Borealis As | Process |
| JP3707421B2 (ja) | 2001-10-26 | 2005-10-19 | 松下電工株式会社 | 振動型リニアアクチュエータ |
| DE102004029234A1 (de) | 2004-06-17 | 2006-01-12 | Braun Gmbh | Elektrischer Rasierapparat |
| DE102006028470A1 (de) | 2006-06-21 | 2007-12-27 | Braun Gmbh | Elektrisch betriebener Rasierapparat |
| JP5592785B2 (ja) * | 2007-06-14 | 2014-09-17 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ | 電気装置及びシェービング装置 |
| DE102007050057A1 (de) | 2007-10-19 | 2009-04-23 | Braun Gmbh | Elektrisch betriebener Rasierapparat |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3729257A1 (de) * | 1987-09-02 | 1989-03-23 | Braun Ag | Trockenrasierapparat mit einem kurzhaarschneidsystem und einem verschiebbaren langhaarschneidsystem |
| JP2979257B2 (ja) * | 1991-02-01 | 1999-11-15 | 九州日立マクセル株式会社 | 電気かみそり |
| JP2979255B2 (ja) * | 1991-02-01 | 1999-11-15 | 九州日立マクセル株式会社 | 電気かみそり |
| DE4128217A1 (de) * | 1991-08-26 | 1993-03-04 | Braun Ag | Elektrischer rasierapparat |
| AT398721B (de) * | 1992-05-19 | 1995-01-25 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Rasierapparat mit einer verstellbaren zahnschneideinrichtung |
-
1995
- 1995-08-22 DE DE19531013A patent/DE19531013C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-06-25 DE DE59603498T patent/DE59603498D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-25 JP JP9509740A patent/JPH11511993A/ja active Pending
- 1996-06-25 EP EP96922028A patent/EP0846042B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-25 AT AT96922028T patent/ATE186003T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-25 WO PCT/EP1996/002755 patent/WO1997007942A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19531013C1 (de) | 1996-10-17 |
| WO1997007942A1 (de) | 1997-03-06 |
| JPH11511993A (ja) | 1999-10-19 |
| DE59603498D1 (de) | 1999-12-02 |
| ATE186003T1 (de) | 1999-11-15 |
| EP0846042A1 (de) | 1998-06-10 |
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