EP0848862A1 - Reseau d'antennes - Google Patents

Reseau d'antennes

Info

Publication number
EP0848862A1
EP0848862A1 EP97927140A EP97927140A EP0848862A1 EP 0848862 A1 EP0848862 A1 EP 0848862A1 EP 97927140 A EP97927140 A EP 97927140A EP 97927140 A EP97927140 A EP 97927140A EP 0848862 A1 EP0848862 A1 EP 0848862A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna array
decoupling
array according
structural element
reflector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97927140A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0848862B1 (fr
Inventor
Roland Gabriel
Max GÖTTL
Georg Klinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kathrein SE
Original Assignee
Kathrein Werke KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kathrein Werke KG filed Critical Kathrein Werke KG
Publication of EP0848862A1 publication Critical patent/EP0848862A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0848862B1 publication Critical patent/EP0848862B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna array for the simultaneous reception or simultaneous emission of electromagnetic waves with two linear orthogonal polarizations according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Dual polarized antenna arrays ie radiator arrangements, which dipoles, slots or planar radiator elements for the simultaneous reception or simultaneous emission of electromagnetic waves with two orthogonal linear polarizations, which are supplied to separate and decoupled outputs, are well known.
  • a radiating element arrangements at ⁇ may exist play, of several elements in the form of dipoles, slots or planar radiating, as described for example in EP 0685900 Al, or from the preliminary tests "antennas" o
  • Ambientennas o
  • paragraph, Bibliographisches home stitute Mannhei / Vienna / Zurich, 1970, pages 47 to 50 are known be ⁇ .
  • radiators This is for example the case of round radiators with horizontal polarization, the shapes of a Dipolqua- drates or known a Dipolnches having a Kopp men ⁇ lung between the two spatially offset by 90 ° systematic.
  • radiator arrangements which are also referred to below as radiator modules, are usually arranged in front of a reflecting surface, the so-called reflector, and in the case of planar antennas a metallic layer of the substrate can simultaneously act as a reflector.
  • each transmitting and receiving station can connect ten or more radiator modules together to form an array.
  • the radiator modules can be arranged side by side or one below the other. The direction in which the radiator modules are arranged straight or at an angle next to or below one another is to be referred to as the alignment of the antenna array.
  • X-polarized arrays designated ⁇ net.
  • the neighboring modules couple relatively strongly to one another. Decoupling values of 20 to 25 dB, for example, which are perceived as insufficient, are not uncommon.
  • this type of antenna offers the advantage over dual-polarized antennas with horizontal and vertical polarization that transmission to the mobile station is possible on both polarizations.
  • Antenna arrays have already been proposed which are used to improve the decoupling between the individual radiators, i.e. provide the radiator modules, partition walls that are aligned perpendicular to the mounting or connecting direction or line between two adjacent radiator modules.
  • Experiments have now shown that such a construction in X-polarized arrays usually even leads to a deterioration in the decoupling due to a polarization rotation to be determined, in particular in the case of broadband antennas.
  • the antenna array comprises several, i.e. Radiator modules arranged in a plurality of horizontal rows and vertical columns, a rod-shaped reflector element in the manner of a parasitic reflector being arranged in each case between two radiator modules arranged vertically or horizontally next to one another.
  • This rod-shaped parasitic reflector element is in each case oriented transversely to the connecting line connecting two adjacent radiator modules.
  • These parasitic reflector elements are used for radiation shaping, which is effective even when a single radiator module is used.
  • the solution according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for the mobile radio sector.
  • a decoupling device is seen with a novel structural element in front ⁇ between two adjacent radiating element modules.
  • This structural element is completely different from that used in e.g. B. vertically aligned antenna arrays used horizontal partitions or rods, exactly the other way around.
  • the structural element according to the invention used for decoupling namely has a longitudinal extension which is oriented in the vertical direction of attachment of two arrays arranged next to one another (in principle also in the case of the horizontal attachment direction of two arrays arranged next to one another).
  • a decoupling device with a cross-shaped structural element is used between two adjacent X-polarized radiator modules, which consists, for example, of two intersecting individual bars (ie, metallic conductive bars) or of cross-shaped slits in the reflector surface or a metal-conductive surface that is offset parallel to it is introduced.
  • the conductive cross-shaped structural elements are conductively connected to one another at their intersection.
  • cross-shaped conductive structural elements lie in different planes to one another, but which should essentially not be further than half a wavelength apart.
  • Figure la is a schematic plan view of a ntennenarray with two radiating element modules un ⁇ provided therebetween Inventions gema touch decoupling device in plan view ⁇ ;
  • Figure lb a side view along the arrow lb in Figure la;
  • Figure 2a a modified exemplary embodiment of an antenna array according to the invention with a cross-shaped decoupling device in plan view;
  • Figure 2b a rare representation according to the arrow direction Ilb in Figure 2a;
  • FIG. 2c a schematic perspective illustration of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b;
  • FIG 3a shows a modified from FIG 2a Ausbowungs ⁇ example in which so-called patch radiator as a radiator modules are used;.
  • Figure 3b a rare representation of Figure 3a according
  • Figure 4a another exemplary embodiment of a
  • an antenna array with two radiator modules 1 is shown, which consist of a double dipole arrangement 3. It can be a so-called cross dipole, for example, which spatially surrounds two 90 offset systems comprises, which are fed separately. In a departure from this, however, other double dipole arrangements can also be used, in which the individual dipoles have a square structure in plan view, that is to say in the preferred emission direction (that is, a so-called dipole square). Finally, even further differing radiator modules can be used to receive electromagnetic waves with two linear orthogonal polarizations, as will be explained below using so-called patch radiators.
  • the radiator modules 1 are seated in front of a reflector 7 with their dipoles at a distance from the reflector 7.
  • the reflector 7 is formed by a metallization 9 on a circuit board 11, on the rear side of which there is a feed network 13 which connects the individual radiator modules separately for the respective polarization.
  • the dipoles 3 are mechanically held and electrically contacted via a so-called symmetry 14 with respect to the circuit board 11, i. H. so fed from the board 13.
  • the two radiator modules 1 shown are arranged one above the other in a vertical orientation V and again in a parallel orientation to the reflector plane.
  • the double dipole arrangement 3 is selected such that a linear polarization of + 45 ° and -45 °, based on the vertical V, can be received with the radiator modules 1.
  • a decoupling structural element 17 is also provided in the illustrated exemplary embodiment according to FIGS 17a exists. In the exemplary embodiment shown, this is arranged centrally between the two radiator modules 1, the rod 17a being located in the connection or attachment direction 21 of the radiator modules 1, that is to say on the direct connecting line between the adjacent radiator modules 1.
  • the longitudinal or extension component of the decoupling structure element 17 according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1a and 1b is ⁇ . than at least 1/4 of the distance between the two adjacent centers or base points 23 of the radiator modules.
  • the longitudinal component is preferably more than 40 or 50% of the radiator module distance 25 mentioned.
  • the rod 17a is shown arranged at a small distance above the reflector surface 7, and is, that is mechanically held 18 on the reflector 7 through the circuit board 11 and thereby mt the reflector 7 is electrically contacted while standing element via a ⁇ Ab.
  • the decoupling structural element could also be further away from the reflector surface 7 than the double dipole arrangement 3, although influences on the radiation diagram with decoupling that is good per se can then be determined when the distance of the decoupling structural element 17 from Reflector surface is more than half as far away as the dipoles of the double dipole arrangement 3.
  • the arrangement is preferably such that the conductive decoupling structural element 17 in the form of the rod 17a is not more than 1/8 to 1/4 wavelength from that Reflector level is removed.
  • the arrangement can be such that the dipoles 3 ', for example at intervals of 0.1 to 0.5 wavelength, preferably 0.2 to 0.3 wavelength, in particular by 0.25 wavelengths, in front of the reflector surface, the decoupling structural element 17 being at a distance of 0.015 to 0.125 wavelengths, in particular 0.015 to 0.035 wavelengths (ie approx. 1/60 to 1/8, ms - special 1/60 to 1/30 of the wavelength), opposite the reflector surface 7 can have.
  • the decoupling structural element 17 may not be in the form of a rod, but rather in the form of a slot made in the top view of FIG. It is also possible to arrange a conductive surface at a distance in front of the reflector surface, in which a corresponding recess is then made, which has a structure with a longitudinal extension, preferably parallel and lying in the region of the connection or attachment direction 21.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c differs from the exemplary embodiment explained above in that no decoupling structural element 17 but a cross-shaped decoupling structural element 17b made of two crossing rods is used for the decoupling structural element 17 .
  • a schematic perspective representation of the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 2a and 2b is shown in FIG. 2c.
  • the rods 27 are almost perpendicular to one another, the two rods being oriented almost parallel to the polarization planes, ie to the dipoles 3 '.
  • the cross-shaped decoupling structural element 17b with the rods 27 is also conductive again, the two rods 27 being conductively connected to one another at their intersection 29.
  • the longitudinal component in the connecting or mounting direction 21 of the cruciform decoupling structural element 17 thus formed is, for example, 0.25 to 1 wavelength, preferably 0.5 to 0.8 wavelength, in particular by 0.7 wavelength.
  • “Long component” is to be understood as the projection onto the vertical, that is to say onto the direct connecting line between two adjacent radiator modules in the direction of attachment. Due to the symmetrical structure, the extension in the transverse direction to the mounting direction 21 is of equal length, but this need not be mandatory.
  • patch radiators la are used as radiator modules, as are fundamentally derived from the previous publication ITG technical report 128 "Antennas", VDE-Verlag GmbH, Berlin, Offenbach , Page 259 are known.
  • aperture-coupled microstrip patch antennas with a cross-slot or offset-slot arrangement for receiving two orthogonal linear polarizations are known.
  • the patch radiators la have a square structure in plan view and are each aligned with their slot arrangement again at a 45 ° angle to the vertical V in order to be able to receive or send both + 45 ° and -45 ° polarizations.
  • the cross-shaped decoupling structural element 17 is particularly suitable, as it is based on the exemplary embodiment according to the figures 2a and 2b has been described.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 4a and 4b differs from that according to FIGS. 3a and 3b only in that instead of the cross-shaped decoupling structural elements 17b formed in the form of crossing rods 27 and arranged in front of the plane of the reflector 7, a corresponding cross-shaped slot is now used 17c is used as a decoupling structural element, the arrangement and orientation of which can otherwise correspond to the cross-shaped rod arrangement 17b according to FIGS. 3a and 3b.
  • the dimensioning can be similar to that of the cruciform rod arrangement according to FIGS. 3a and 3b.
  • FIGS. 3a only the mechanical anchoring and support of the dipoles 3 on the reflector or the circuit board have been indicated in FIGS.
  • the usual constructions are used, for example, to anchor the individual dipoles to a substrate or a circuit board via the symmetries 14 mentioned and to supply them electrically. If, for example, the dipoles are anchored to the reflector plate and held above them via two webs or arms and are conductively connected to the reflector plate, the dipoles are fed in from the circuit board via separate lines.
  • DE 43 02 905 C2 or other dipole devices known therefrom by way of example only.
  • FIGS. 3a the mechanical support of the dipoles with respect to the reflector or the circuit board is not shown in more detail.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un réseau d'antennes pour la réception simultanée ou diffusion simultanée d'ondes électromagnétiques avec deux polarisations orthogonales linéaires qui présente un dispositif de désaccouplage (17) entre deux modules radiants (1). Ce dispositif de désaccouplage est prévu entre deux modules radiants (1) adjacents dans le sens de montage (21). L'amélioration réside dans le fait qu'il prévu entre deux modules radiants (1) adjacents, un élément structural de désaccouplage (17) qui s'étend au moins dans le sens de montage (21) avec sa partie longitudinale, ladite partie longitudinale ayant une longueur supérieure ou égale à 25 % de la distance (25) entre les centres ou bases (23) des modules radiants (1) adjacents correspondants.
EP97927140A 1996-07-04 1997-06-05 Reseau d'antennes Expired - Lifetime EP0848862B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19627015 1996-07-04
DE19627015A DE19627015C2 (de) 1996-07-04 1996-07-04 Antennenfeld
PCT/EP1997/002922 WO1998001923A1 (fr) 1996-07-04 1997-06-05 Reseau d'antennes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0848862A1 true EP0848862A1 (fr) 1998-06-24
EP0848862B1 EP0848862B1 (fr) 2002-04-17

Family

ID=7798955

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97927140A Expired - Lifetime EP0848862B1 (fr) 1996-07-04 1997-06-05 Reseau d'antennes

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6025812A (fr)
EP (1) EP0848862B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR100454146B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2228548C (fr)
DE (2) DE19627015C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2175417T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998001923A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108028462A (zh) * 2015-11-25 2018-05-11 康普技术有限责任公司 具有解耦单元的相控阵列天线

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CN111384595B (zh) * 2018-12-29 2021-07-16 华为技术有限公司 多入多出天线及基站
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DE102019108901A1 (de) 2019-03-22 2020-09-24 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Antennenanordnung für Mobilfunksysteme mit zumindest einem dual-polarisierten Kreuzdipol
CN110176671B (zh) * 2019-05-20 2024-06-11 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 一种毫米波阵列天线
CN113748572B (zh) 2020-03-24 2022-11-01 康普技术有限责任公司 具有成角度馈电柄的辐射元件和包括该辐射元件的基站天线
CA3172693A1 (fr) 2020-03-24 2021-09-30 Xiaohua Hou Antennes de station de base comprenant un module d'antenne active, dispositifs et procedes associes
US12218425B2 (en) 2020-04-28 2025-02-04 Outdoor Wireless Networks LLC Base station antennas having reflector assemblies including a nonmetallic substrate having a metallic layer thereon
WO2022051906A1 (fr) * 2020-09-08 2022-03-17 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司 Élément de découplage et antenne
CN213753057U (zh) * 2020-12-31 2021-07-20 罗森伯格技术有限公司 天线振子和天线
EP4040602B1 (fr) * 2021-02-08 2025-03-05 Nokia Technologies Oy Réseau d'antennes à plaque
CN215418610U (zh) 2021-08-31 2022-01-04 康普技术有限责任公司 频率选择反射板和基站天线
CN114824793B (zh) * 2022-04-12 2025-09-26 领翌技术(横琴)有限公司 解耦结构和天线阵列
CN117199772A (zh) 2022-06-01 2023-12-08 康普技术有限责任公司 基站天线
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US6025812A (en) 2000-02-15
WO1998001923A1 (fr) 1998-01-15
CA2228548C (fr) 2003-01-14
DE19627015A1 (de) 1998-01-08
CA2228548A1 (fr) 1998-01-15
DE59707037D1 (de) 2002-05-23
KR19990037683A (ko) 1999-05-25
ES2175417T3 (es) 2002-11-16
KR100454146B1 (ko) 2005-01-24
EP0848862B1 (fr) 2002-04-17
DE19627015C2 (de) 2000-07-13

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