EP0862990A1 - Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von auf Holz basierenden Laminaten - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von auf Holz basierenden Laminaten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0862990A1
EP0862990A1 EP97830086A EP97830086A EP0862990A1 EP 0862990 A1 EP0862990 A1 EP 0862990A1 EP 97830086 A EP97830086 A EP 97830086A EP 97830086 A EP97830086 A EP 97830086A EP 0862990 A1 EP0862990 A1 EP 0862990A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
agglomerate
station
wood
layer
compounds
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97830086A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0862990B1 (de
Inventor
Impero Valenti
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority to ES97830086T priority Critical patent/ES2206675T3/es
Priority to DK97830086T priority patent/DK0862990T3/da
Priority to SI9730602T priority patent/SI0862990T1/xx
Priority to DE69724759T priority patent/DE69724759T2/de
Priority to EP97830086A priority patent/EP0862990B1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PT97830086T priority patent/PT862990E/pt
Priority to AT97830086T priority patent/ATE249335T1/de
Publication of EP0862990A1 publication Critical patent/EP0862990A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0862990B1 publication Critical patent/EP0862990B1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/28—Moulding or pressing characterised by using extrusion presses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for the continuous production, starting from a malleable agglomerate, of wood-based laminates for veneering and wainscoting.
  • the present invention is an agglomerate constituted essentially by extremely fine wooden particles (wood flour), of an average diameter of about 75 micron and inert components closely linked to each other by aceto-vinyl resins.
  • the high wood content as well as the particular production technique, allow to obtain a material that is truly alternative to natural wood.
  • the subject laminate can be produced in thicknesses ranging from 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm, depending on the envisioned use.
  • the surface of the laminate undergoes an engraving or embossing process, in order to imitate more realistically the grain of the chosen wood; without such embossing, it can be lacquered directly.
  • the laminate has characteristics which are wholly similar to a normal wood in regard to gluing and painting, with the advantage of an enormously lower porosity.
  • the laminate can be modeled and adapted for gluing on any kind of support.
  • the laminate can be heat-moulded, it can be provided for use in the form of rolls, but also in the form of sheets cut to the required size.
  • the subject laminate though it is made up to a large extent of wood, is very advantageously fire-proof and thus not flammable.
  • the laminate is also water-proof, it cannot be attacked by mildews and it can be stored in a cool, dry place for an indefinite time without being subject to phenomena of dimensional, colour, or other kind of alteration.
  • the laminate is also sound-absorbing, and therefore well suited for masonry walls and public places.
  • the laminate can be glued to various supports with the use of slow adhesives with pressure drying or with rapid adhesives like Bostic; it can be polished with polyurethane- or polyester-based polishes.
  • It can be used for furniture, supported on faesite, plywood, multi-layers and sheet metal; it can be used on suitably prepared masonry walls, it is very well suited to cover frames with any kind of curve or corner, for wainscoting any plane and knickknacks; it remains unchanged over time, i.e. it is not subject to the shrinking, cracking and swelling which are characteristic of normal wood.
  • the cost-effectiveness of the laminate with respect to normal veneering stems from the lower cost of the material (though only an expert would be able to recognise the difference), from the possibility of having it in the required size and thickness, without the wastage associated with true veneering; from the lessened a need to prepare the surface for painting.
  • cutting station is also provided to finish the laminates in the desired sizes.
  • These laminates can be collected both in the form of sheets, and of reeled rolls. In both cases, the laminates are protected by appropriate protective plastic sheaths.
  • the apparatus for the continuous production of the subject laminate essentially comprises, in succession, a starting set 1 for preparing the malleable agglomerate, a laminating station 2, fed by the set 1 and able to transform the agglomerate into a thin layer 23 and a cutting station 6, able to reduce the thin layer 23 into laminates 68 of the required size.
  • wood flour a very fine wood powder, which can thus be defined as wood flour, with average granule size of about 75 micron and in a percentage ranging from 23% to 30%.
  • the wood flour it is necessary to mix an adhesive of thermoplastic material, in order to provide a certain thermoplasticity to the finished product as well; the adhesive is present in a percentage ranging from 10% to 12%.
  • the adhesive used is vinyl resin, and in particular the adhesive designated "K115" by MONTEDISON or "MOWILITH 90" by HOECHST.
  • inert mineral charges to render the laminate more compact and stronger, in a percentage ranging from 5% to 13%.
  • the agglomerate requires a lubricating agent, of the paraffin-based type, in a percentage ranging from 1 to 1.6%.
  • diluting agents are necessary, which will volatilise in the course of agglomerate manufacturing, in a percentage ranging from 48% to 58%.
  • the agglomerate according to the present invention must be such as not to adhere to any support during the process whereby the laminate is formed with the subject apparatus, the presence of said lubricant contributes to this goal, such lubricant being specifically zinc stearate, but a contribution is also provided by the inert mineral charge of talc, always present in the agglomerate.
  • the inert materials of the agglomerate may also be chosen among calcium carbonate (example 4), aluminium-based compounds, such as aluminium hydroxide (example 1), phosphorus-based compounds, such as ammonium polyphosphate (example 2), or silica-, carbonate-, magnesium- and manganese-based compounds, all materials present in the powder derived from diatoms, a particular type of shells (example 2).
  • This latter component is particularly interesting, since in the agglomerate it is rather spongy and thus easily absorbs liquids for a successful agglomerate but also lets the liquids and the diluting agents easily volatilise during the drying and laminating process which will be described further on.
  • aluminum hydroxide can be found in the product known as "APYRAL” BY VAW AG BOON - (GERMANY); ammonium polyphosphate can be identified with the product "exolit 422" by GREAT LAKES INDIANA - (U.S.A.); diatom powder can be found in the product "CELITE 281" by JOHN MANVILLE (U.S.A.).
  • the fire-proof materials pertaining to non-flammable agglomerates in particular, are chosen among bromine-based compounds, such as decabromodiphenyloxide, commercially available for instance as "DER 83" by GREAT LAKES INDIANA (example 2); antimony-based compounds, such as antimony sesquioxide (example 1); phosphorus salts-based compounds, such as ammonium polyphosphate which, as mentioned above, is also an inert charge (example 2); chlorine-based compounds, such as chloroparaffin or chlorinated paraffin, available commercially as "cloroparaffina 70" manufactured by the Italian firm CAFFARO (example 1); aluminium-based compounds such as the said aluminium hydroxide or APYRAL (example 1).
  • bromine-based compounds such as decabromodiphenyloxide
  • antimony-based compounds such as antimony sesquioxide
  • phosphorus salts-based compounds such as ammonium polyphosphate which, as mentioned above, is also
  • This last compound is useful above all because it reduces the emission of fumes, without developing aggressive or toxic products, and its endothermic decomposition develops a large quantity of water, diluting atmospheric oxygen, without adding to unburned by-products and carbon residues.
  • lubricant i.e. zinc stearate
  • this product is a thermoplastic material and therefore contributes to the final plasticity of the laminate.
  • diluting agents comprise trichloroethane and turpentine in proportions which may vary approximately from 8:1 to 15:1. While trichloroethane essentially serves as a pure diluting agent, turpentine in practice acts as a solvent. In the course of the laminate formation process, these diluting agents will be eliminated from the final product by means of volatilisation and recovered to be reused in the cycle.
  • the starting set 1 comprises a first station 11 for the calibrated distribution of the compounds of the agglomerate which are in the solid and/or powdery state, such as the wood flour, the vinyl resin related to the adhesive, the inert materials, etcetera, while a second calibrated distribution station 12 is destined to the compounds of the agglomerate which are in the liquid state, such as the diluting agents and, for instance, the "DER 83".
  • a first station 11 for the calibrated distribution of the compounds of the agglomerate which are in the solid and/or powdery state, such as the wood flour, the vinyl resin related to the adhesive, the inert materials, etcetera
  • a second calibrated distribution station 12 is destined to the compounds of the agglomerate which are in the liquid state, such as the diluting agents and, for instance, the "DER 83".
  • each calibrated distribution station is fitted, for each compound, with a containment silos 16, associated to its own device 17 for weighing the compound, in order to feed it to the corresponding mixer 13 or 14, in the pre-set, exact quantity, independently from the other compounds, through a distribution way 18 or 18'.
  • the mixers 13 and 14 and each weighing device 17 are commanded electrically by a microprocessor circuit 19, in order always to provide the correct doses to the kneading machine 15, regardless of the quantity required.
  • a stand-by tank 20 connected to it, able to store and feed material to the lamination distribution 2, replacing the kneading machine 15 during the latter's down time.
  • the material formed by the kneading machine 15 or coming from the stand-by tank 20 is transferred to the subsequent laminating station 2 by means of a screw conveyer 151 and 201.
  • the lamination station 2 instead comprises, in succession, an extruder 21, which forms an agglomerate layer formed along the horizontal direction, and a calendering station 22, able to determine the definitive thickness of the layer which will constitute the final laminate.
  • the calendering station 22 comprises at least a pair of motor-driven roller sets 221, 222, facing each other and oriented downward. One of them and preferably the one next to the extruder 21 (see Figure 4), is fixed, while the other one (222) is movable with respect to the first. In particular it has to create a through-passage section 211 in the agglomerate layer exiting from extruder 21, in order to reduce it to a thin thickness 23, which is the definitive one of the laminate to be obtained.
  • the through-passage section shall be adjustable and, for example, the movable roller set can be pivoting, around a hinge 225 coinciding for instance with the axis of the roller at the larger height.
  • roller sets are preferably fully encompassed by continuous belts 223 and 224, which of course are movable along the direction of flow of the agglomerate layer.
  • the two roller sets shall be moved by chains 226, motor-driven along the direction of rotation of the arrows F1 and F2.
  • Downstream of the calendering station 222 is a conveyor belt 227 placed at the output side of the roller sets and able to transfer the thin agglomerate layer towards the subsequent stations.
  • the layer exiting the calendering station 22 could, in theory, be transferred directly to the cutting station 6, if the agglomerate layer were to be dried naturally or if waiting periods were possible.
  • this apparatus since this apparatus must be designed for a large hourly production, it is evident that, between the calendering station 22 and the cutting station, it is necessary to have additional stations able to accelerate the drying process of the agglomerate layer.
  • a forced ventilation station 3 which comprises at least a fan 31 and a hood 32 placed over it to collect volatilisation products and to render the agglomerate layer suitable to be permanently engraved.
  • the subsequent engraving station 4 comprises (see Figure 5) at least a first fixed roller 41 and a second rotating and engraved counter-roller 42, whose position with respect to the first roller can be adjusted according to the thickness of the agglomerate layer to be engraved, which passes between the two rollers.
  • the adjustable roller is connected for instance with a handwheel 42 which, actuating for instance worm screws 44 which engage the support 45 of the engraved rotating counter-roller, causes it to move away from or towards the fixed roller 41.
  • a rapid drying station 5 Downstream of the engraving station 4, there is a rapid drying station 5, to disperse in a short time all the volatile products which were used to constitute an effective initial agglomerate. It comprises a ventilated chamber 51, in which one or more fans 53 send forced air inside the chamber 51, and at least one exit 54 for the volatile products, which, as shall be made clear further on, are all conveyed inside a single collection hood 7, from which the volatile products are collected by a recovery device 8, so they can be re-entered into the cycle, through the starting set 1.
  • the cutting station 6 At the output of the drying station 5, through one or more conveyor belts T, the cutting station 6 is reached, which comprises a slitting machine 61 to determine the lateral cuts of the finished laminate, and a vertical shear 62 able instead to determine the transverse cuts of the laminate 68.
  • a counter 64 Downstream of the cutting station 6 is a counter 64 for packaging the laminate, cut in overlaid sheets, vertically movable in height, in order to support a pile of laminates, each with its own plastic sheath interposed.
  • the packaging counter 65 comprises at least one reel 66 for the collection of the laminate and of the protection sheath 69 and it also comprises at least an additional stand-by reel 67.
  • the agglomerate since the process for laminating the subject agglomerate must unfold without any snags, the agglomerate must necessarily be insofar as possible free of adherence to the various supports it encounters during the process. This problem is for the most part solved by the paraffin-based lubricants present in the agglomerate itself and by the talc chosen as an inert mineral charge, but the apparatus itself is also provided with a design feature for this purpose. All conveyors T and the conveyors 52 of the rapid drying station 5 are made up of non-stick and fire-proof meshes. Lastly, it should be noted that the whole laminate forming process is advantageously carried out at ambient temperature, which should be no lower than 18/20°C.
  • the whole apparatus including the said microprocessor circuit 19 is run and regulated by a computerised electronic system (100), with synoptic display, which determines the adjustments of all the motor drives and/or regulation devices, such as the intervention time of the drying stations, the distances between the roller sets (221) and (222) etcetera.
  • the computerised electronic system (100) runs and regulates the functional phases of the whole apparatus.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
EP97830086A 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von auf Holz basierenden Laminaten Expired - Lifetime EP0862990B1 (de)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK97830086T DK0862990T3 (da) 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 Apparat til kontinuerlig fremstilling af træbaserede laminater
SI9730602T SI0862990T1 (en) 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 Apparatus for the continuous production of wood-based laminates
DE69724759T DE69724759T2 (de) 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von auf Holz basierenden Laminaten
EP97830086A EP0862990B1 (de) 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von auf Holz basierenden Laminaten
ES97830086T ES2206675T3 (es) 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 Aparato para la produccion continua de laminados a base de madera.
PT97830086T PT862990E (pt) 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 Equipamento para a producao em continuo a partir de um aglomerado maleavel de laminados a base de madeira destinados a forrar e a folhear
AT97830086T ATE249335T1 (de) 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von auf holz basierenden laminaten

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97830086A EP0862990B1 (de) 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von auf Holz basierenden Laminaten

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0862990A1 true EP0862990A1 (de) 1998-09-09
EP0862990B1 EP0862990B1 (de) 2003-09-10

Family

ID=8230579

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97830086A Expired - Lifetime EP0862990B1 (de) 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von auf Holz basierenden Laminaten

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0862990B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE249335T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69724759T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0862990T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2206675T3 (de)
PT (1) PT862990E (de)
SI (1) SI0862990T1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002026456A3 (en) * 2000-09-29 2002-05-16 Steinhoff Mfg Pty Ltd Method of handling synthetic wood mouldings and article

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB388387A (en) * 1930-07-24 1933-02-22 Celluloid Corp Improvements in the manufacture of moulded articles from cellulose derivatives
GB586198A (en) * 1943-07-10 1947-03-11 Ici Ltd Production of modified cellulosic materials and articles having improved chemical and physical properties
GB880198A (en) * 1959-06-15 1961-10-18 Charles Lawrence Blake Plastic containing composition and the process of making the same
US4112145A (en) * 1974-09-09 1978-09-05 S.U.B. Societa Utilizzazione Brevetti S.R.L. Method of manufacturing a lining layer
JPS6042009A (ja) * 1983-08-19 1985-03-06 Sadao Nishibori 木質合成板の成形方法
EP0426619A2 (de) * 1989-10-31 1991-05-08 ICMA SAN GIORGIO S.p.A. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Platten
US5096046A (en) * 1990-03-14 1992-03-17 Advanced Environmental Recycling Technologies, Inc. System and process for making synthetic wood products from recycled materials

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB388387A (en) * 1930-07-24 1933-02-22 Celluloid Corp Improvements in the manufacture of moulded articles from cellulose derivatives
GB586198A (en) * 1943-07-10 1947-03-11 Ici Ltd Production of modified cellulosic materials and articles having improved chemical and physical properties
GB880198A (en) * 1959-06-15 1961-10-18 Charles Lawrence Blake Plastic containing composition and the process of making the same
US4112145A (en) * 1974-09-09 1978-09-05 S.U.B. Societa Utilizzazione Brevetti S.R.L. Method of manufacturing a lining layer
JPS6042009A (ja) * 1983-08-19 1985-03-06 Sadao Nishibori 木質合成板の成形方法
EP0426619A2 (de) * 1989-10-31 1991-05-08 ICMA SAN GIORGIO S.p.A. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Platten
US5096046A (en) * 1990-03-14 1992-03-17 Advanced Environmental Recycling Technologies, Inc. System and process for making synthetic wood products from recycled materials

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 168 (M - 396) 13 July 1985 (1985-07-13) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002026456A3 (en) * 2000-09-29 2002-05-16 Steinhoff Mfg Pty Ltd Method of handling synthetic wood mouldings and article

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69724759D1 (de) 2003-10-16
SI0862990T1 (en) 2004-02-29
EP0862990B1 (de) 2003-09-10
DK0862990T3 (da) 2004-01-19
ES2206675T3 (es) 2004-05-16
PT862990E (pt) 2004-02-27
ATE249335T1 (de) 2003-09-15
DE69724759T2 (de) 2004-08-05

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