EP0876224A1 - Balle compactee de dechets et son procede de production - Google Patents

Balle compactee de dechets et son procede de production

Info

Publication number
EP0876224A1
EP0876224A1 EP96934552A EP96934552A EP0876224A1 EP 0876224 A1 EP0876224 A1 EP 0876224A1 EP 96934552 A EP96934552 A EP 96934552A EP 96934552 A EP96934552 A EP 96934552A EP 0876224 A1 EP0876224 A1 EP 0876224A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bale
press
waste
film tube
bales
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96934552A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Werner Doppstadt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19602395A external-priority patent/DE19602395A1/de
Priority claimed from DE1996113578 external-priority patent/DE19613578A1/de
Priority claimed from DE29606272U external-priority patent/DE29606272U1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0876224A1 publication Critical patent/EP0876224A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
    • B09B3/32—Compressing or compacting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B27/00—Bundling particular articles presenting special problems using string, wire, or narrow tape or band; Baling fibrous material, e.g. peat, not otherwise provided for
    • B65B27/12—Baling or bundling compressible fibrous material, e.g. peat
    • B65B27/125—Baling or bundling compressible fibrous material, e.g. peat and wrapping or bagging

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressed bale made of comminuted waste of generally prismatic shape with an all-round seal, which consists of a sealing material which is combustible essentially without residues and without the formation of harmful combustion fuels.
  • the invention also relates to a process for the production of such a press bale, in which waste is crushed, compressed into a generally prismatic press bale and provided on all sides with a seal which is combustible essentially without residues and without the formation of harmful combustion fuels.
  • the invention further relates to a device for sealing a bale of crushed waste with a film.
  • a round baler known from agriculture is used to compress crushed waste of all kinds, in particular domestic waste, into round bales and to wrap them with a net.
  • the round bale wrapped in this way is then completely enclosed in a cover sheet by adhesive bonding.
  • DE-A4 106 687 specifies a landfill process for waste, in particular household waste, commercial waste, hazardous substances or the like, in which the waste after a sorting of valuable material in a round baler, as it is produced agriculture is known, compressed under compression up to a compression factor of 0.7 and wrapped around the circumference with a plastic mesh and kept together. This is intended to prevent rotting for a long time.
  • the round bale wrapped in this way is then encased in a water- and airtight stretch adhesive film. In this way it is achieved that the waste is enclosed completely and in a conservative manner, which is intended to prevent landfilling without the formation of environmentally harmful leachate and gases.
  • DE-A-4 005 331 discloses a waste treatment system which consists of a comminution device for comminuting bulky parts, a downstream sieving device for eliminating disruptive material and a system for manual sorting of the material leaving the sieving device.
  • DE-C-3 644 146 describes a screening device for screening compost from rotted organic material by means of a screening drum. From DE-A-2 117 907 a method for pressing municipal waste into bales is known, in which crushed waste from general consumer waste (cellulose material, glass, rags, rubber, plastic, kitchen waste, food waste, metal, ash) with one Binding agents such as bitumen are added and pressed into prismatic bales. The compressed bale can be held together with strips or tapes and can be coated with bitumen by immersion, infiltration or spraying. The pressed bales thus produced have sufficient strength, which is determined by a peeling test; they are deposited in landfills.
  • DE-A-2 061 775 discloses a method and a device for treating kitchen waste by pressing.
  • the kitchen waste is shredded, mixed and pressed together in several stages.
  • the press block thus obtained is then folded over on four sides with a grid or grate using a drawing iron.
  • the press blocks thus transferred are immersed with the aid of gripper tongs in an asphalt bath and then in a water bath. They are used for construction work, for example as foundations, for filling or for underwater structures.
  • DE-A-1 577 191 and 1 577 270 relate to a method and a device for processing waste, in particular kitchen waste and waste from food processing companies, grocery stores and the like. For this purpose, the waste is highly compressed into press blocks with dewatering.
  • press blocks are then packed, for example in wire-mesh-reinforced plastic or metal sheets, wire meshes, canvas sheets or steel strips. Press blocks packed in this way are easily transportable and are buried or sunk, for example, for fastening sea and river banks, but can also be fed to combustion.
  • the transport and storage capacity of the press bales for their utilization in incineration plants is required because the accumulation of the press bales and the need for press bales for the heat generation in heating power plants generally differ in time.
  • the bales are produced in quantities which are not required for heat generation, while in the cold season, in which the need for fuel is particularly high, they are not obtained in such quantities that continuous operation of the Incinerators is easily possible. If storage is insufficient, fossil fuels must be burned to an undesirable extent in the cold season.
  • the transport and storage capacity of the press bales requires that the press bales have a sufficiently high resistance to damage during treatment during transport and on the bearings, and that the press bales are either free of fermentable components or are manufactured in such a way that their Composition is not adversely affected by fermentation processes.
  • Such fermentation processes are triggered microbiologically and are both aerobic and anaerobic. They can be prevented at least in part by removing all kitchen or food waste from the garbage. This sorting is currently carried out on a large scale, but was not common in the past. Accordingly, in the case of the further known baling bales which contained kitchen and food waste or even consisted only of such waste, landfill and structural use were used rather than incineration.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for producing bales from garbage and a bale made from garbage, which is suitable for combustion in thermal power stations and whose calorific value is not noticeably reduced even if its outer casing is damaged.
  • this object is achieved in that a bale of presorted garbage is held together in the pressed state and the bale held together in the pressed state is sealed.
  • this object is achieved by means of an axially guided, displaceable jacket body, as well as by means of feeding means for inserting a press bale into the jacket body, a tube pulling device for pulling a film tube under slight elastic stretch on the jacket body and adjusting means for retracting the jacket body from the bale and out of the film tube.
  • the press bale is shaped in conventional baling presses and can be held together with wire before sealing, but preferably with a combustible plastic cord.
  • the bale obtained in this way is no longer subject to elastic recovery.
  • a fossil material such as bitumen or a material that is available from renewable raw materials and is selected from gelatin or gelatinous materials is used to seal the pressed bale, which may be held together in the compressed state.
  • the sealing is brought about by elastic recovery of a stretched film tube.
  • the pressed bale which is held together and sealed in the pressed state or under the pressing pressure, is sealed airtight and is therefore not subject to fermentation processes which significantly impair its calorific value even when stored for a long time.
  • the seal is so close to the outer surfaces of the press bale under pressure that there are practically no gaps between the outer surfaces of the press bale and the seal.
  • minor damage to the seal as they can arise in the handling of the baling balls during transport and storage, do not have a disadvantageous effect.
  • the surrounding air comes into contact with the material of the baling in the region of the seal, it can only penetrate into the interior of the baling to a very small and therefore harmless extent due to the high baling pressure under which the baling is.
  • the fermentation processes which would significantly reduce the calorific value of the pressed bales are prevented even in the case of further, longer storage.
  • Garbage particles with a grain size of up to about 30 mm are advantageously removed from the comminuted garbage by sieving, since it has been shown that such garbage particles consist predominantly of non-combustible material and therefore only in an undesirable manner the amount of the incineration residue enlarge.
  • shredded waste wood can expediently be added to the shredded waste.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention for producing the bale according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an apparatus for exercising a second embodiment the method according to the invention for the production of the bale according to the invention
  • FIG 3 is a schematic representation of the device of Figure 2 immediately before sealing the baling
  • Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the device of Figure 3 in plan view during the sealing.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the device according to FIG. 3.
  • the system shown schematically in FIG. 1 is used to carry out a first exemplary embodiment of a method for producing garbage pressed bales which are suitable for combustion in thermal power stations.
  • the pre-sorted garbage which is essentially free of kitchen and food waste as well as glass and metal, is first fed to a garbage crusher 1 of a known type (for example roller crusher DW 3080 from DVG-Doppstadt, Steinbrink 13, 42555 Velbert).
  • the shredded garbage then reaches a baler 3 by means of a conventional conveyor 2, which can be a belt conveyor, for example.
  • the presorted and shredded garbage is compressed under high pressure to form a bale 4 of generally prismatic shape.
  • balers are known per se (for example
  • Konti C from the company PAAL's Packpressenfabrik GmbH + Co. KG, Raiffeisenstrasse 16-17, 49124 Georgsmariendazzling) and pres- They separate the garbage into pressed bales 4 of, for example, a rectangular cross section, which are held together in the pressed state by a wrap made of wire or plastic cord.
  • the press balls 4 wrapped in this way are conveyed in succession through a press channel 5 under the pressure of the press ram of the baling press 3. From there they arrive in a guide 6, which is designed, for example, as a tube cage and in which the pressed bales 4 are kept at a short distance from one another by spacers (not shown).
  • the guide 6 extends through an immersion bath 7, which contains a tub 8 with liquefied sealing material up to a level 9 which exceeds the guide 6.
  • the sealing material can be bitumen, which is liquefied by heating.
  • the immersion bath 7 is assigned heating elements 10, which are designed and arranged accordingly as a heating coil for a circulating heat transfer medium, as electrical or electromagnetic heating elements, as an infrared radiator, as a gas burner or the like.
  • the pressed bale 4 which is held together by the wrapping in the compressed state, is enclosed in bitumen practically on all sides.
  • the press bale enclosed in bitumen on all sides then passes through a cooling and drying system in which excess bitumen drips off the press bale and the bitumen is cooled and hardened.
  • the result is a press ball held together by the wrapping in the compressed state, which is practically sealed on all sides with bitumen. Any minor defects that may still be present can be repaired by applying bitumen.
  • bitumen-like materials are also suitable as sealing material, and liquefaction can also be carried out by dissolving in a solvent. which, however, requires a closed solvent cycle in the case of non-aqueous solvents in order to avoid pollution of the environment.
  • the sealing materials can also be obtained from renewable raw materials, such as those obtained in the processing of agricultural products, for example grain, sugar cane, sugar beet, starch and the like; In particular, gelatin or gelatinous masses are also suitable for this.
  • FIGS. 2-4 schematically show a device for carrying out a second exemplary embodiment of a method for producing waste baling bales which are suitable for combustion in thermal power stations.
  • a baler 11 contains a bale channel 13 therein.
  • a pressed bale 14 is conveyed through the bale channel 13 in the direction of arrow 15.
  • the bale channel 13 forms the exit of the baler 11, not shown in detail, which can be of the type described, for example, in the above-mentioned company publication "Bollegraaf"; however, a baler of the baler 3 type can also be used instead.
  • the baler 11 works with hydraulic presses and produces cuboid press bales 14 which are pressed out via the bale channel 13.
  • the bale channel 13 has a rectangular cross section adapted to the shape of the bale 14.
  • the end of the ball channel 13 is followed by a packaging device with a jacket body 16.
  • the jacket body 16 also has a rectangular cross section.
  • the inner cross section of the casing body 16 is slightly larger than the outer cross section of the bale channel 13, so that the jacket body 16 can be displaced telescopically on the bale channel 13.
  • the casing body 16 is guided by guides 18 and 20.
  • the jacket body 16 is by a hydraulic actuating cylinder 22 between the shown in Fig. 2 Most advanced position and a second, retracted position shown in FIG. 3, displaceable in the axial direction.
  • the 24 generally designates a tube pulling device for pulling a film tube 28 under slight expansion onto the jacket body 16.
  • the hose pulling device 24 is seen in the conveying direction of the press bale 14, i.e. from left to right in Figures 2 and 3 behind the jacket body 16.
  • the tube winding device 24 contains a roller 26 with an elastically stretchable film tube 28.
  • the film tube 28 is spread by a spreading device 30.
  • Pulling means 32 pull the expanded film tube 28 over the jacket body 16.
  • the pulling means 32 have a device for holding the end of the tube on a frame and an adjusting device (not shown) by means of which this frame counteracts the conveying direction of the press bale 14 is movable over the jacket body 16. This is indicated in Fig. 2 by an arrow 34.
  • the jacket body 16 has a smooth outer surface. It is therefore not a problem to pull the film tube 28 over it.
  • the jacket body 16 is moved by the actuating cylinder 22 into its retracted, second position, which is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the casing body 16 is pushed onto the bale channel 13, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the jacket body 16 is removed from the press bale 14 and pulled out of the film tube 28.
  • the film tube 28 was open when it was pulled up the jacket body 16 has been slightly radially stretched.
  • the jacket body 16 is pulled out, it rests on the baling balls 14 under elastic recovery.
  • the relative movement between the film tube 28 and the press bale 14 is radial, the film slaughter closely fitting against the surface of the press bale 14 and sealing it.
  • the film tube 28 is not pulled over the uneven surface of the press bale 14.
  • the film tube 28 is cut off by a separating device 35 between the press bale 14 and the spreading device 30.
  • This separating device 35 is indicated in FIG. 4 by an arrow.
  • the pulling means 32 let go of the film tube 28.
  • the pulling means 32 on the jacket body 16 are moved a distance beyond the rear end of the press bale 14, which is the left in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the separation of the film tube 28 by the separating device 35 also takes place at a distance from the front end of the press bale 14, which is the right end in FIG. 2. This results in protruding tube ends 36 and 38 at both ends of the press bale 14.
  • FIG. 4 shows how the film tube 28 has tightened elastically on the surface of the bale 14 and the protruding tube ends 36 and 38 have formed.
  • the bale 14 is then transported in the direction of arrow 40 transversely to the previous conveying direction.
  • the press bale 14 then passes between two folding and welding devices 42 and 44.
  • the protruding ends of the film tube 28 are similar to an envelope on the forehead. faces of the press bale 14 folded and welded so that a tight seal is obtained.
  • the entire process of enclosing the press bale 14 in the film tube 28 takes place in such a short time that the press bale 14 does not experience any noticeable expansion as a result of the relief from the pressure and the press bale 14 is sealed on all sides by the film tube 28.
  • a shredding device is designated by 46.
  • Garbage is fed into this device via an input funnel 48.
  • the garbage is comminuted by the comminution device 46 into a bulk material with a reasonably homogeneous consistency.
  • the waste comminuted in this way is conveyed by means of a first conveyor device 50 in the form of a conveyor belt to the filling funnel 52 of a screening device 54.
  • This screening device can be constructed in accordance with DE-C-3 644 146.
  • the screening device 54 has a mesh size of approximately 30 mm.
  • the screened fine material with a grain size ⁇ 30 mm is deposited in a pile 58 by a conveyor belt 56.
  • the sieve residue is transported by the sieve device 54 to a baler 62, which can be designed in the manner of the baler 3 or 11, by means of a second conveying device 60, which can also form a belt conveyor, and is compressed by the latter into cuboid-shaped press bales 66 .
  • the baler 62 is a channel baler, in which the waste is compressed into the cuboid shape by hydraulically actuated pressing bodies.
  • Waste wood shredded on the second conveying device 60, shredded and screened waste can be added via a conveyor belt 78. This happens by means of a feed device which has a conveyor belt 78 and a feed hopper 82 and can be fed either directly from an old wood shredder or by means of a shovel loader 80. In one variant, the waste wood can be fed into the comminution device 46 together with the waste. The addition of waste wood not only makes it easier to compress the waste, but also considerably increases the calorific value of the bale and at the same time promotes the combustion process of the bales formed.
  • a bale channel 64 of the baler 62 has a tubular, rectangular cross section.
  • the pressed bales 66 are gradually advanced to a packaging device 68.
  • the packaging device 68 is essentially designed in the same way as the packaging device described above in connection with FIGS. 2-4 and has a first station 70, in which a film tube is pulled onto the press bale 66. The film tube is pulled up and separated after pulling it up so that it protrudes from the press bale 66 at both ends.
  • a second station 72 of the packaging device 68 the protruding ends of the film tube are folded in an envelope-like manner over the end faces of the press bale 66 and welded airtight.
  • the pressed bales packed in this way are conveyed transversely by means of a conveyor belt 74 and stored in a stack 76 for removal.
  • the pressed bales obtained in the manner described above and sealed on all sides can be transported and handled otherwise without the risk of changing their composition, for example they can be stored and removed from the store again, without any possible damage to the seal allow significant air access to or in the material of the baling.
  • the sealed baling balls can therefore also be transported over longer distances and stored in incinerators or interim storage facilities for a long time until they are burned, without their heating value noticeably reduced.
  • the handling and long-term storage of the sealed press bales thus made possible without a noticeable reduction in the calorific value allows heating power plants which operate on the basis of waste incineration to operate continuously and without the addition of fossil fuels, regardless of the amount of waste generated over time, regardless of the seasonal requirement can be.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

Des balles compactées (4), de forme généralement prismatique, sont formées à partir de déchets pré-triés et broyés qui sont pratiquement dépourvus d'ordures ménagères ainsi que de verre et de métal. Un presse-balles (3) fait passer de force les balles par un bain de trempage (7) contenant un matériau de scellement qui est liquéfié par la chaleur ou un solvant et qui est combustible sans former de résidus ou de produits nocifs de combustion. Les balles compactées (4) peuvent également être enserrées dans un film tubulaire élastique rétractable. Les balles compactées ainsi obtenues sont solidement scellées sur tous les côtés contre les dommages et peuvent être transportées sur de longues distances et stockées pendant de longues durées; elles peuvent être brûlées dans des centrales thermiques.
EP96934552A 1996-01-24 1996-10-05 Balle compactee de dechets et son procede de production Withdrawn EP0876224A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19602395 1996-01-24
DE19602395A DE19602395A1 (de) 1996-01-24 1996-01-24 Preßballen aus Müll und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE1996113578 DE19613578A1 (de) 1996-04-04 1996-04-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Umhüllen von Preßballen mit einer Folie
DE29606272U 1996-04-04
DE19613578 1996-04-04
DE29606272U DE29606272U1 (de) 1996-04-04 1996-04-04 Anlage zur Müllverdichtung
PCT/EP1996/004338 WO1997027008A1 (fr) 1996-01-24 1996-10-05 Balle compactee de dechets et son procede de production

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0876224A1 true EP0876224A1 (fr) 1998-11-11

Family

ID=27215838

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96934552A Withdrawn EP0876224A1 (fr) 1996-01-24 1996-10-05 Balle compactee de dechets et son procede de production

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0876224A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO983412L (fr)
WO (1) WO1997027008A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6558079B1 (en) 2000-02-22 2003-05-06 Epi Environmental Technologies Inc. Method and apparatus for covering landfill
US20020034422A1 (en) 2000-05-09 2002-03-21 Epi Environmental Technologies Inc. Compact Apparatus for Covering Landfill
US20020018873A1 (en) * 2000-07-13 2002-02-14 Kozak Randall Jeff Method of using an alternative daily cover to contain compacted, baled waste and to dispose of the contained waste in a landfill
DE10201996A1 (de) * 2002-01-21 2003-08-07 Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh Verfahren zur Konditionierung von gefährlichen Abfällen sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE202008003760U1 (de) 2008-03-18 2009-07-23 Autefa Automation Gmbh Verpackungseinrichtung
DE102017116164A1 (de) 2017-07-18 2019-01-24 Autefa Solutions Germany Gmbh Verpackungseinrichtung und Verpackungsverfahren

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SE320634B (fr) * 1966-02-23 1970-02-09 Tezuka Kosan Kk
GB1159731A (en) * 1966-06-02 1969-07-30 Tezuka Kosan Kk Method of Refuse Disposal.
CH507804A (fr) * 1969-12-18 1971-05-31 Setir S A Soc D Etudes Pour Le Procédé de traitement par compression des ordures ménagères et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
US3654048A (en) * 1970-04-13 1972-04-04 Sun Oil Co Compact bale comprising 1-15 parts by weight bitumen and 85-99 parts by weight of shredded municipal refuge
US4095956A (en) * 1976-07-07 1978-06-20 Holmes Bros., Inc. Waste processing system
DE3271465D1 (en) * 1981-12-17 1986-07-03 Buehler Ag Geb Method of separating at least a fraction from municipal waste, and device for carrying out the method
DE3503546A1 (de) * 1985-02-02 1986-08-07 Paal's Packpressen-Fabrik GmbH & Co KG, 4504 Georgsmarienhütte Maschine zum pressen und umschnueren von ballen
DE4106687A1 (de) * 1990-04-28 1991-10-31 Altvater J Deponieverfahren zur entsorgung von muell
DE4207025A1 (de) * 1992-03-06 1993-09-09 Udo Adam Gmbh Maschinenfabrik Muellpressanlage mit automatischer verpackung

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Title
See references of WO9727008A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1997027008A1 (fr) 1997-07-31
NO983412D0 (no) 1998-07-23
NO983412L (no) 1998-09-09

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