EP0887606B2 - Dispositif de séchage - Google Patents

Dispositif de séchage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0887606B2
EP0887606B2 EP98110125A EP98110125A EP0887606B2 EP 0887606 B2 EP0887606 B2 EP 0887606B2 EP 98110125 A EP98110125 A EP 98110125A EP 98110125 A EP98110125 A EP 98110125A EP 0887606 B2 EP0887606 B2 EP 0887606B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
wood
drying agent
heat exchanger
compressor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98110125A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0887606A1 (fr
EP0887606B1 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Gerl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EBERL TROCKNUNGSANLAGEN GMBH
Original Assignee
Eberl Trocknungsanlagen GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Eberl Trocknungsanlagen GmbH filed Critical Eberl Trocknungsanlagen GmbH
Publication of EP0887606A1 publication Critical patent/EP0887606A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0887606B1 publication Critical patent/EP0887606B1/fr
Publication of EP0887606B2 publication Critical patent/EP0887606B2/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/30—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/33—Humidity
    • F26B21/333—Humidity by condensing the moisture in the drying medium, which may be recycled, e.g. using a heat pump cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying goods
    • F26B2210/16—Wood, e.g. lumber, timber

Definitions

  • Such a device for drying wood having the features (a) to (g) is made of FR-A-1 391 485 known.
  • This device does not work with a pressure drop in the container.
  • a control device controls the switching on and off of the chillers and the external heat exchanger exclusively from the viewpoint of compliance with a temperature range of 8 to 30 ° C circulating the desiccant air.
  • a device for drying wood which has a vacuum-settable container ( DE-A-35 43 248 ). Also in this device, air is circulated as a desiccant in a closed circuit. Heat is supplied to the air on one part of the recirculation path; on another part of the recirculation path, moisture is condensed out of the air by passing cooling tubes through which water flows. A chiller is not available.
  • a device for drying paint which has a vacuum-settable container and a refrigerator whose condensation heat exchanger is arranged for supplying heat in the Gutitraum ( DE-C-310 352 , Embodiment of FIG. 3 and claim 3).
  • this device no desiccant is circulated in the circuit, but pulls a vacuum pump continuously from the vapors formed in the Gutfactraum via a discharge line from.
  • the exhaust line of the evaporator heat exchanger of the chiller sits, so that there condense the vapors.
  • the condensation liquid is withdrawn together with evacuation air via the vacuum pump.
  • the evacuation air released from the vapors is not reused to dry the paint.
  • Further drying devices are described which operate with a closed desiccant circuit, but not with a vacuum.
  • a vacuum dryer is known whose Gutingraum is not suitable for the introduction of a pile of wood.
  • the heating of the drying material is carried out by contact with the receiving space passing through parts of a heat exchanger, which is the condensation heat exchanger of a refrigerant circuit.
  • a heat exchanger which is the condensation heat exchanger of a refrigerant circuit.
  • the evaporative heat exchanger of the refrigerant circuit where condensed liquid evaporated from the Trocknungsgut.
  • a circulation of a desiccant generated by a fan successively through the stations Gutageraum for heat input by means of the desiccant, evaporative heat exchanger and condensation heat exchanger in front of the Gutageraum does not take place.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for drying the outlined genus, which does not have the disadvantages of the open circuits explained and has a significantly improved energy balance.
  • this object is achieved in the apparatus for drying the indicated type in that a vacuum pump is connected to the container.
  • the invention provides a device for drying in which the circulated desiccant, generally air, flows through the refrigerant circuit which is switched on when the relative humidity is too high.
  • the moist air is first cooled in the evaporator, so that the assumed moisture can be removed as water and then reheated in the condenser of the refrigerant circuit to increase the amount of saturated steam.
  • the desiccant circuit and the closed refrigerant circuit are coupled together, and thereby a significantly improved efficiency of the entire system is achieved.
  • the vacuum pump lowers the boiling point of the water in the container.
  • the heat exchangers of the refrigerator are arranged in the region of a front end of the container.
  • This can be formed in the container a closed space for receiving the material to be dried, the vertical boundary walls have flow openings for the desiccant and form with the opposite walls of the container a wind tunnel in which the fan is arranged.
  • the wet area is thus limited to a space outside of the dry goods.
  • the compressor of the refrigerant circuit is disposed within the container, there is the advantage that the waste heat of the compressor is used in the vacuum region and simplifies the construction of the device.
  • the evaporator is arranged above a collecting trough for condensed water from the desiccant, which may be connected to a collecting container.
  • This collection container is arranged outside the container for receiving the material to be dried.
  • a submersible pump can be arranged in the drip pan with which the condensed water can be sucked out at intervals.
  • the arranged outside the container collecting container is omitted here, so that this solution is particularly frost-proof.
  • a spray pipe for humidifying the material to be dried opens.
  • water is sprayed into the desiccant cycle via this spray pipe in order to increase the air humidity and to bring about a gentle drying of the material, above all wood.
  • the invention with reference to a device for drying wet or damp wood 10 is shown, which is stacked according to the circuit diagram of Figure 6 on a carriage 12.
  • the carriage 12 is moved for the drying process on a track 14 in a closed space 16 of a cylindrical container 18, the right in Figure 1 end face is then closed by a cover 20.
  • On the cover 20 opposite end of the substantially cuboidal space 16 is closed by a vertical partition wall 22 of a portion 24 of the container 18.
  • This area 24 is used inter alia. for receiving essential parts of a still to be explained chiller 26th
  • the wind tunnel 32 consists of a pressure channel 32a and downstream of the space 16 from a suction channel 32b, both of which are interconnected by the rear portion 24.
  • a closed wind tunnel 32 is formed, which encloses the space 16.
  • a fan 34 which is driven by a motor 36 with a horizontal axis, is arranged in the rear region 24 of the container 18.
  • a heater 38 is provided in the region 24, which consists in the illustrated embodiment of two electrically operated flat-tube spiral radiators; Of course, other trained heaters 38 may be used, for example, hot water heat exchanger.
  • a spray pipe 40 via which at the beginning of the drying process, water can be sprayed into the pressure region 32a of the wind tunnel 32.
  • the water supply is controlled by a solenoid valve 42.
  • the addition of water to the desiccant cycle is recommended at the beginning of the process to break up the wood 10, i. to open the pores of the wood, so that the moisture can be easily removed from the wood.
  • the marked arrows B see also FIG.
  • the now moist air which has cooled to a temperature t3 of approximately 65 ° C., flows via the suction channel 32b into the rear region 24 of the container 18 a heat exchanger 44 is provided, which is automatically switched on above an adjustable limit value of the humidity in order to cool the moist air to a pre-selectable degree of moisture and bring about a condensation.
  • This heat exchanger 40 is used as evaporator 46 of the closed refrigerant circuit 48 of the refrigerator 26 is formed.
  • the air flowing through is cooled to a temperature t4 of about 50 ° C, so that the dew point is reached and the condensate 50 (see Figure 6) drips into a collecting trough 52, which is arranged below the evaporator 46.
  • the collecting trough 52 is connected via a line 54 leading to the outside to a collecting container 56 (see also FIG. 3), which stands outside the container 18.
  • a vacuum pump 58 is connected, which is connected according to Figure 3 via a water separator 60 to the collecting container 56.
  • a negative pressure can be generated, for example from 0.6 to 0.7 bar to accelerate by lowering the boiling point of the water evaporation.
  • the now cooled to the temperature t4 air flows through a further heat exchanger 62, which is formed in accordance with Figure 6 by the condenser 64 of the refrigerant circuit 48.
  • the air is heated to a temperature t1 of about 65 ° C and is forced by means of the blower 34 through the heater 38, which forms with the condenser 64, the heating device of the system.
  • the evaporator 46 and the condenser 64 form the two heat exchangers of the refrigerant circuit 48, the compressor 66 of which is mounted outside the container 18.
  • Figure 6 shows schematically this refrigerant circuit 48, which operates as a heat pump and in the behind the compressor 66, the compressed refrigerant emits a portion of its heat in the condenser 64 to the air flowing through, whereby it is heated to the temperature t1.
  • the refrigerant is expanded in the throttle 68, so that it cools down again and can absorb heat in the evaporator 46 from the air flowing in the direction of arrow B, whereby it cools to the temperature t4 and condenses.
  • Figure 4 shows that the container 18 for controlling the process by means of a control device shown in Figure 1 74 connections 76 for wood moisture sensor, a thermometer 78, a temperature sensor 80 and a pressure switch 82 with pressure gauge 84 has. Via an air humidity sensor 88, the control device 74 receives control commands for connecting or disconnecting the refrigeration cycle 48 as a function of the respective degree of humidity of the air.
  • Figure 4 also shows that an outlet 86 is attached to the bottom of the condensate collecting tank 56.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show a variant of the device, which consists in particular that the compressor 66 of the refrigerant circuit 48 is not disposed outside of the container 18, but in the area 24 of the container 18. This provides the advantage that the waste heat of the compressor 66 is used within the vacuum range, so that the compressor 66, the heating of the system consisting of the capacitor 64 and the heater 38, supported.
  • Figure 8 also shows that in this variant, two blowers 34 are provided so that per unit time, a larger volume of air can be circulated, which improves the efficiency of the device.
  • FIG. 9 shows a further variant of the device in which the collecting container 56 for the condensed water is dispensed with.
  • a submersible pump 90 is used in the arranged below the evaporator 46 collecting trough 52 for the condensate 50, which leads via a drain line 92 to the outside.
  • the submersible pump 90 can be switched on at intervals to discharge the water through the drain line 92.
  • the vacuum pump 58 via the line 54 sucks the air directly out of the region 24 of the container 18. Due to the absence of a collecting container 56 arranged outside the container 18, this solution is particularly frost-proof because the collecting tray 52 is in the warm region.
  • the invention achieves a number of significant advantages. Thus, it is particularly important that heat recovery takes place in the vacuum region, because the refrigerant circuit 48, which acts as a heat pump, the heat recovered during condensation in the evaporator 46 back into the container 18, in which during operation by the vacuum pump 58 is constantly a negative pressure is maintained. Only in the heating phase is carried out without vacuum, as already pointed out. During the subsequent drying phase in which the refrigerant circuit 48 is switched on, however, there is a constant vacuum within the container 18. By the circulation of air through the space 16 through an optimal ventilation of the wood to be dried 10 is ensured.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Adjustment And Processing Of Grains (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Appareil pour le séchage de bois mouillé ou humide, au moyen d'un milieu de séchage en recirculation, en particulier de l'air, comprenant :
    (a) un récipient refermable (18) qui contient une chambre (16) pour recevoir le matériau à faire sécher, à savoir du bois (10), d'une taille telle qu'il est possible d'y introduire une pile de bois ;
    (b) un circuit de milieu de séchage (32) ;
    (c) un dispositif de chauffage (38, 64) agencé, dans le sens de l'écoulement, avant la chambre de réception (16) pour le matériau ;
    (d) un groupe frigorifique (26) comprenant un compresseur (66), un échangeur de chaleur à condensation (64), un échangeur de chaleur à évaporation (46) et un circuit fermé de réfrigérant (48) qui relie le compresseur (66) et des deux échangeurs de chaleur (46, 64),
    (e) dans lequel l'échangeur de chaleur à évaporation (46) est agencé derrière la chambre de réception de matériau (16) dans le sens de l'écoulement, et prévu pour extraire par condensation l'humidité hors du milieu de séchage,
    (f) dans lequel l'échangeur de chaleur à condensation (64) est prévu en tant que partie du dispositif de chauffage (38, 64) ;
    (g) et le dispositif comprenant un ventilateur (34) pour la recirculation du milieu de séchage,
    caractérisé en ce que
    (h) une pompe à vide (58) est raccordée au récipient (18).
  2. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le compresseur (66) est agencé à l'intérieur du récipient (18).
  3. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le compresseur (66) est agencé à l'extérieur du récipient (18).
  4. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les échangeurs de chaleur (46, 64) du groupe frigorifique (26) sont agencés à l'extrémité frontale du récipient (18) dans une région qui forme, conjointement avec canal à pression (32a) et un canal d'aspiration (32b), un canal aéraulique (32) qui enferme le bois à faire sécher (10).
  5. Appareil selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le compresseur (66) est agencé dans cette région (24).
  6. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'échangeur de chaleur à évaporation (46) est agencé au-dessus d'une cuve de réception (52) pour l'eau condensée hors du milieu de séchage.
  7. Appareil selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la cuve de réception (52) est reliée à un récipient de collecte (56).
  8. Appareil selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le récipient de collecte (56) est agencé à l'extérieur du récipient (18) pour la réception du bois à faire sécher (10).
  9. Appareil selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que dans la cuve de réception (42) est agencée une pompe submersible (90) pour aspirer l'eau condensée et qui est reliée à une conduite d'évacuation (92).
  10. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un chauffage (38) est branché en aval de l'échangeur de chaleur à condensation (64) dans la direction d'écoulement du milieu de séchage.
  11. Appareil selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'un tube de pulvérisation (40) destiné à humidifier le matériau à faire sécher (10) débouche dans le récipient (18) derrière le chauffage (38) en direction d'écoulement.
  12. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une chambre de réception de matériau (16) refermée dont les parois de délimitation verticales (28) comportent des ouvertures de traversée (30) pour le milieu de séchage et formant un canal de recirculation (32) avec les parois opposées du récipient (18).
  13. Appareil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le groupe frigorifique (26) est ainsi conçu que l'on peut atteindre une température du milieu de séchage d'environ 65°C après l'échangeur de chaleur à condensation (64).
  14. Appareil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un moyen de régulation (74) du circuit de réfrigérant (48), auquel est raccordé un capteur d'humidité (88) du milieu de séchage pour l'envoi d'ordres de commande pour la mise en route et la coupure du circuit de réfrigérant (48) en fonction du degré d'humidité respectif du milieu de séchage.
  15. Appareil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que la pile de bois (10) est susceptible d'être introduite dans la chambre de réception de matériau (16) lorsqu'un couvercle (20) est ouvert sur une face frontale du récipient (18).
EP98110125A 1997-06-28 1998-06-03 Dispositif de séchage Expired - Lifetime EP0887606B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29711315U DE29711315U1 (de) 1997-06-28 1997-06-28 Vorrichtung zum Trocknen
DE29711315U 1997-06-28

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0887606A1 EP0887606A1 (fr) 1998-12-30
EP0887606B1 EP0887606B1 (fr) 2002-03-06
EP0887606B2 true EP0887606B2 (fr) 2008-01-30

Family

ID=8042309

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98110125A Expired - Lifetime EP0887606B2 (fr) 1997-06-28 1998-06-03 Dispositif de séchage

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0887606B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE214149T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE29711315U1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009014853A1 (de) 2009-03-30 2010-10-07 Brunner, Reinhard, Dipl.-Ing. Trocknungsvorrichtung
DE102009014855A1 (de) 2009-03-30 2010-10-07 Brunner, Reinhard, Dipl.-Ing. Vakuum-Trocknungsvorrichtung
CN109405446A (zh) * 2018-11-06 2019-03-01 马鞍山沐及信息科技有限公司 一种热泵干燥系统

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SK2272001A3 (en) * 2001-02-14 2002-12-03 Kvetoslav Nikl A device for dielectric-vacuum drying and colour tingeing of hard wood
WO2002090852A1 (fr) * 2001-05-03 2002-11-14 Dragutin Radovanovic Installation de sechage sous vide de fruits et legumes
EP1748268A3 (fr) * 2005-07-29 2011-11-02 Josef Walderdorff Procédé de séchage de produits
CN101487662B (zh) * 2008-01-16 2012-01-04 凌建军 废热循环利用型高效节能烘干机
CN102019361B (zh) * 2009-09-15 2012-12-05 蔡欲期 陶壳快速干燥方法,以及陶壳
CN104713313A (zh) * 2015-03-18 2015-06-17 马玉光 一种常温干燥方法
CN110455068B (zh) * 2019-08-28 2020-07-24 浙江大学 一种太阳能热泵除湿干燥系统
CN112325600B (zh) * 2020-10-19 2021-07-23 华中科技大学 一种漆渣烘干系统及控制方法
IT202200010103A1 (it) * 2022-05-16 2023-11-16 Nest Srl Macchina per il trattamento di una massa organica e/o biodegradabile e metodo associato

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009014853A1 (de) 2009-03-30 2010-10-07 Brunner, Reinhard, Dipl.-Ing. Trocknungsvorrichtung
DE102009014855A1 (de) 2009-03-30 2010-10-07 Brunner, Reinhard, Dipl.-Ing. Vakuum-Trocknungsvorrichtung
CN109405446A (zh) * 2018-11-06 2019-03-01 马鞍山沐及信息科技有限公司 一种热泵干燥系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE214149T1 (de) 2002-03-15
EP0887606A1 (fr) 1998-12-30
DE29711315U1 (de) 1997-08-28
EP0887606B1 (fr) 2002-03-06
DE59803248D1 (de) 2002-04-11

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