EP0890683A2 - Roof Structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The aid comprises two hanging devices (11,12) which can be anchored to facing edge regions of two neighbouring panel-like bodies (2,3). A wedge element (17) is inserted through one hanging device and into the other, the hanging devices being pipes having rectangular cross sections. The wedge element has a wedge section (18) and a cuboid section (19). The devices are anchored into the panel bodies by means of screws, the panel bodies having threaded sleeves.

Description

The present invention relates to a roof structure with at least one an eaves or foot purlin and / or on a middle purlin and / or on one Ridge purlin supported basic construction according to the roof covering Preamble of claim 1 and a support and insulation element according to the preamble of claim 7. The invention further relates to a dormer structure according to Preamble of claim 9, a roof structure according to the preamble of the claim 13, an eaves piece according to the preamble of claim 16 and an assembly aid according to the preamble of claim 18.

So far, roofs for buildings such as Residential houses by laying so-called roof trusses made of load-bearing beams and applied sections in their Basic construction manufactured. Between the divisions and / or the divisions then insert or apply insulation. According to newer technology, the insulation installed as so-called partition insulation, the lower heat and air passage joints Has. Form the divisions with the installed or applied roof insulation the basic construction of these roofs, which then supports the roof covering.

After completion of this basic construction or this part of the trade, each According to the embodiment, on top with wooden formwork and below with a fence be completed, the roof covering is usually traditionally immediately in Form of a tile covering on a longitudinal, i.e. running in the longitudinal direction of the rafters Counter battens and transverse tile battens applied. If you do the math Site-made operations together, it can be seen that an essential Part of these trades, namely laying the beams or purlins and laying on the rafters, the introduction or application of thermal insulation, the laying of a water-draining Layer, the so-called under-roof or the sub-roof an entire Bring a series of work steps that can be carried out directly at the construction site are.

The successful execution of these operations is always dependent on the weather dependent and the roof to be created is weather sensitive during its creation.

The sub-trades completed first, e.g. the sub-roof in shape a foil covering are ongoing through the following sub-trades exposed to the risk of damage.

The lower layers usually require further local work by cladding with gypsum boards or wooden straps, which are then from the following Craftsmen such as the plasterer or carpenter are to be executed. this leads to naturally to a costly and time-consuming roof construction.

These problems also occurred with a dormer construction. Such Dormer windows are currently used in a large number of individual operations on site Building roof manufactured. For this purpose, some are in the side wall area of the dormer Posts set up and connected by beams The dormer window is in some cases also provided with its own roof truss, which in turn consists of load-bearing beams and is established. Furthermore, such dormers are both in Sidewall area as well as in your roof structure with insulation, one water-draining layer and an inner and outer cladding. All these Operations are carried out on the sloping roof, which makes working difficult and leads to a certain danger for the working people. Furthermore, the progress work in bad weather conditions significantly more difficult. The production Such a dormer window is therefore cumbersome, weather-dependent and time-consuming.

Another disadvantage of the known dormer structures is that the connection points between the dormer elements and the basic structure can only be sealed with great effort. Here is mostly a metal cladding required because the connection points hardly create a seal per se.

Another problem with conventional roof structures is how they are attached the gutter. So far, it has been common to drain gutters directly over brackets to a basic construction of a roof structure and in particular to the rafters to attach a roof truss. For this, a tinsmith must either from the roof or can access the divisions from a scaffold. If already a roof covering is present, it must therefore be removed in places. The mounts will be then usually nailed directly to the rafters. A sufficient gradient To be able to produce the gutter to the downpipe, it is necessary that each one Bracket must be bent individually. With longer gutters it can it may also be necessary to support the brackets on individual rafters, or the Reduce rafter height by post-processing. This is the case if the Functional bending range of a bracket is not sufficient to ensure a sufficient gradient the gutter. This fine adjustment of the incline therefore requires extensive activities of a plumber in an area that despite barriers and scaffolding is not safe for a working person.

Meanwhile, the more frequent use of stripes or rectangular roof insulation panels or roof insulation elements for creation a so-called over-rafter insulation layer. However, these are still with Buggy. A lack of such, for example, essentially made of polystyrene Roof insulation panels with applied on the top and bottom The top layer can be seen in the fact that the roof insulation panels side by side with blunt Butt are laid so that joints are continuous from bottom to top and / or in the ridge direction Continuous joints along the blunt joints across the entire roof width the insulation boards can arise. If at all, these will then only be glued or cemented. However, in the long term this cannot ensure adequate tightness Driving rain or moisture penetrating from outside can be guaranteed. Further Such catches are usually not permanent or only with considerable effort form-elastic seal so that permanent air-permeable cracks in the roof insulation arise that no longer guarantee good thermal insulation.

With another roof insulation system that has recently been launched up to 6 m long, approx. 1.20 m wide strip-shaped roof insulation elements made of polystyrene with chipboard on top and bottom or roof inside Hard fiber decorative panels arranged between I-shaped rafters. This creates Caught on the one hand because of the butt against the side flanks of the rafters Edges of the insulation elements and, on the other hand, due to the natural "threading" between the I-shaped rafters of the roof insulation elements hanging from belts on a crane unavoidable damage to their longitudinal edges, as well as because of butt-jointed upper and lower edges. In addition, the insulation elements still disappear. Finally, the battens and the Tile covering. The manufacture of an inexpensive, well-insulated roof structure is not possible with it. A permanently watertight roof and that permanent prevention of moisture from entering the roof is not guaranteed.

The laying of plate-shaped bodies is also particularly useful large format plates sometimes difficult because they can warp and therefore Bumps and arches occur. This problem is particularly with wood or Fibreboard known. A plywood structure is often used as a countermeasure chosen, but is also not suitable to prevent curvature in any case. Due to the warpage of such panels, it is when laying them on one Underground or a coupling to an existing plate element is required, that the curvature was overcome with a certain amount of force becomes. This is disadvantageous in particular in the case of supporting elements for a roof structure, since here in an unfavorable area to work on the roof slope. Lie bad weather conditions, this may be even especially dangerous and therefore partly hardly feasible.

The document DE-OS 21 45 628 discloses a support and insulation element for one Roof structure, in which the outer peripheral edge of a box-like frame of a first support and insulation element has a hook section, which in one adapted hook section engages in the adjacent support and insulation element. For this purpose, the hook section of the one supporting and insulating element is in the correct position to be placed over the hook section of the other support and insulation element. In a Embodiment, the hook sections can be so flexible and with undercuts be designed that the indentation of thickening of a sidebar in the recesses of the other sidebar is possible, creating a firm connection between two plates. For this, the neighboring supporting and However, insulation elements are first positioned and fixed exactly to each other on the roof and there is an additional assembly step for pressing the hook sections together required. This construction is therefore disadvantageous in that it requires a large amount of installation and precise work is required.

The present invention is therefore based on the object, while avoiding it of the defects discussed above to further develop a roof structure such that a weather-resistant basic construction is made available, for example can be quickly installed in almost any weather using a construction crane.

This object is achieved by the specified in the characterizing part of claim 1 Measures solved.

The roof construction according to the invention enables for the first time an economical, efficient roof construction. The one with conventional roof constructions during manufacture the basic construction until just before the roof covering and until just before the final completion of the inner surface of various work processes which can be carried out at the construction site with a high risk of errors thus moved to the workshop for the first time and thus brought forward. By the Construction of the basic structure through the use of weather-insensitive, prefabricated support and insulation elements, can be a weather-insensitive for the first time Basic construction can be created. This is advantageously done by a rapid, Labor-saving laying of the prefabricated support and insulation elements by means of a construction crane, this step is then almost independent of the weather.

The support and insulation elements can be simply placed on and in one another be applied to the purlins, with only one man to drive in and if necessary, another man is needed for fastening. This is significantly fewer workers, like laying traditional rafters and purlins Roof structures are needed.

According to the invention is preferably from the eaves or foot purlin to the Continuous ridge purlin supporting and insulating element from a hollow box-like frame provided with insulation. A support and insulation element is with the neighboring support and insulation element by means of a triangular or hook-shaped designed outer edge positively connected, the first support and Hooks the insulation element into the next support and insulation element. When hanging there is a positive or non-positive, tight connection because of the slope the triangular groove is the edge-side tongue of the support and insulation element installed below the pre-assembled support and insulation element slips into the groove on the edge. This slide slope of the present invention, which is present on the groove or on the tongue, Angled folds thus enable reliable, exact and quick installation.

By appropriate preparation of this joint, preferably by painting with a lubricant such as Soft soap can significantly affect this sliding effect be improved. It is then advantageously not necessary to wedge or Tension-producing connection in the manufacture of the hollow box-like Planing frame. It is sufficient, for example, if this joint has a fast-running Circular saw in diagonal cut at low thrust for a smooth Cut surface is produced. The complete support and insulation element fulfills the building physics and static requirements already because of the hollow box-shaped Formulation quasi a hollow beam arises, which advantageously follows the following building physics Consistencies shows:

The one mounted on the lower side of the hollow box-shaped frame, towards the roof interior facing plate is preferably relatively dense and strong vapor retardant. The following between the legs of the frame in the hollow box created Arranged thermal insulation can be made from a wide variety of insulation materials become. Insulation materials made of mineral fibers or insulation panels made of cellulose packages are preferred Application.

A layer of air that may lie above the insulation layer forms another Insulation element. In this area, a narrow wooden plate or wooden strip can be found be applied to the legs of the frame. One is preferably something above that softer, upper cover plate arranged, which has a lower vapor diffusion resistance like the bottom plate. This is treated to be water-repellent, e.g. siliconized, impregnated or provided with a water-repellent layer. The wooden bar can selected from particularly stable wood, quasi like the upper half of a beam, while the lower half of such an imaginary beam through the hard lower shell is pictured. This can be indicated if the softer or more vapor permeable Upper layer or upper plate does not have such a high static load-bearing capacity and still larger spans should be achieved. The installation of a Vapor barrier or barrier e.g. on the inside is also possible, like the Reinforcement of the lower layer by wallpapering etc.

The water-repellent treated surface or the water-repellent coating should at least withstand temporary wet loads. However, it needs do not represent a permanent roof membrane. Over this level it is now possible in the simplest Shape, any quick roofing with a suitable roofing and also to apply the conventional tile roof. Even the manufacture of flat roofs is possible with it.

The side bond can so that over the joints of the abutting and interlocking support and insulation elements do not draw in water, preferably with one seal arranged in the groove base. As a seal a fine, sealing, self-expanding cord is preferably used for this. In order to the air density is also significantly improved.

This way it becomes possible for the first time to build a house within a few Hours to fully stock up after all the preparatory work in the Workshop took place.

The roof construction according to the invention differs in an advantageous manner for example by the following features compared to a conventional rafter construction:

Individual parts are no longer installed, but are pre-assembled Support and insulation elements made of a hollow box-like frame with an inside Insulation laid, the hollow box-like frame known as a static element and is therefore precisely predictable in advance. The frame can be made Bars or divisions. Preferably the side parts or legs However, the frame is made up of two or three glued layers. This creates a warp resistant, particularly stable frame. This is in conflict for traditional solid wood rafters that can twist.

The support and insulation element according to the invention no longer has any knobs (notches), with which the rafters are combed onto the purlins, but it preferably points attached, horizontally running strip-like cams or wart strips on the statically calculated and fixed accordingly and that on a corresponding Place the nipple on the purlin or in corresponding notches intervention. The wart strips attached to the support and insulation element can also be integrally formed on the frame.

This has the advantage that the support and insulation elements according to the invention Attach relatively small screws or sheet metal strips to the purlins or on them Wart bars can be screwed on. The up to 30 cm long rafter nails, those that are driven in with the ax are a thing of the past. The wart strips on the one hand on the support and insulation element and on the other hand on the foot, middle or Ridge purlin fixed with high-quality glue and additionally screwed if necessary. Alternatively, notches are provided in the purlins in which the wart strips snap into place. In this way, the roof structure becomes advantageous in far more precise Fixed as before.

In addition, roofs without breakthroughs immediately become completely water-draining Achieved roofing. Instead of the usual brick covering, you can also a suitable metal cladding to be applied from above without any problems be provided.

The outer dimension for the support and insulation element has a size of about 1.25 mx 6 m with a height of about 140 to 220 mm has proven to be particularly advantageous. This size is also easy in medium-sized craft businesses such as e.g. a joinery and / or carpentry.

Of course, the width dimension and the length dimension are not permanently limited. The latter preferably depends on the depth of the house. It can therefore also very deep roofs are made. Roofs with a depth of 6 to 8 m or roofs with a depth of 8 to 14 m as well as roofs with a depth of 12 to 18 m can be easily realized with the roof construction according to the invention. Usually the support and insulation element according to the invention should be at least a depth of approximately Bridge 6 m, which would then correspond to a house depth of about 11 to 12 m, which in the usual housing are usually required.

Of course, further variants are possible based on this basic idea be. For example, the hollow box-like frame can protrude above the middle purlin, so that no ridge purlin is needed and instead the ridge-side edges of two abutting support and insulation elements connected to each other in a mutually opposing manner become. From below, for example, a triangular element or a Screwed on triangular dam element, which is provided with a rod and hat profile from above can be.

The synergistic connection between a box-shaped body, on the one hand all functions of statics and on the other hand absorbs the insulation and above In addition, a tight seal between the supporting and insulating elements lying next to each other enforced due to its wording, allows for the first time permanent Impact-proof roof construction, which in the long term also prevents unwanted intrusion is prevented from moisture from outside into the roof.

Should be caused by carelessness or damage to the surface penetrate into a support and insulation element, this can be done by retrofitting of reclosable holes from the roof interior above and below be dried in a controlled manner in the affected support and insulation element.

The support and insulation elements can be used for stiffening both in their longitudinal direction as well as in their transverse direction between the hollow box-shaped frame stiffening middle rungs are provided.

Through the mutual engagement of the edges of adjacent support and insulation elements creates a high bond in the total area, which makes the roof area rigid Plate. This is in view of the resulting great resistance to Wind power is a valuable advantage that is not possible with a conventional rafter roof is so easy to do.

The fastening is no longer as before by the insulation layer and the Rafters created with a long screw or an long nail, but over the wart-shaped Conditions on the lower side of the support and insulation element and on the Purlin top. The quality of the roof structure can thus be after laying the support and insulation elements are checked from below, which is a significant reduction the risk of injury. There is no need for the laying itself Man climbing around more on the roof, making it the first time even when wet Weather-proof installation enables it to be done much faster can be than before.

The roof structure according to the invention also includes due to the in a kind of series production of the support and insulation element considerable cost-saving rationalization advantages. Because there are 1.25 m wide parts Insert roof windows as well as standing dormers into the dimensional structure without any problems there are no obstacles, even for more complex configurations. About that In addition, the supporting and insulating elements according to the invention can be simplified Shape can also be used for large roof overhangs.

In addition to a seal in the groove base, which is preferably designed as a sealing cord for sealing two abutting support and insulation elements can improve another seal in the area of the joint of the edges adjacent upper plates can be provided. In doing so, their side edges be held diagonally from the top outside down to the inside, so that two adjacent Edges of upper plates a triangular or trapezoidal narrow gap form that of the seal, for example of a self-expanding sealing cord is fully filled. For an improvement of the seal in the area of the forehead joint can the downward-facing edge of the top plate of a support and insulation element beveled from below and protrude beyond the lower edge of the frame, so that they are on the upper plate of the support and insulation element arranged below Edge area comes to rest, this upper plate corresponding in the edge area is chamfered so that a constantly downward water drainage is guaranteed becomes. Furthermore, between cost-saving improvement of the seal the purlins and the supporting and insulating elements one between the wart strips arranged seal, preferably again a sealing cord can be provided.

Depending on the depth of the box-shaped construction, modern lighting fixtures can are embedded in the roof surface or little space-consuming cable routing be accommodated. It is also advantageous that such design variants as a result of the production of the supporting and insulating element in the workshop and not can be manufactured on the construction site much more precisely and elegantly, whereby diverse other design variants with regard to the design of the inside of the Support and insulation elements are conceivable.

Because the warts on the underside are everywhere on the box-like frame can be attached or fastened and also between the individual support and insulation elements have individual full girders of the same shape inserted, which in turn are horizontal There are various development options available for picking up pliers.

Further advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a dormer structure is provided provided with the features of claim 9. This solves the invention This is also a task, as it can be done quickly and almost with simple means can be set up in any weather.

The roof slider construction according to the invention thus enables for the first time Cost-effective and efficient design due to the prefabricated side carriers. This can reliably by means of the spring-like projection designed there trained edge elements of the basic structure engage, which in one A stable installation of a side carrier is possible. In contrast to the stand The technology of the roof structure according to the invention is prepared so that a prefabrication the side carrier can be done in a workshop and the side carrier on the Roof only need to be inserted into the basic structure. This onset can be done by crane or manually, depending on the circumstances.

This allows a quick transfer with few workers to achieve which also because of the simplicity of the process, even in unfavorable weather conditions is possible.

Another advantage is that the groove-like recess or the spring-like Projection have an oblique sliding surface are triangular. Thereby the side supports are only engaged with the edge elements of the basic construction bring, then then automatically slipping into the side carrier, so that the connection is automatically in the correct position. So that's one positive and due to the weight of the side straps also a non-positive Connection between the components made.

In addition, due to the special design of the tongue and groove connection a dense connection in this area.

Another advantage of the present invention is that the risk of Assembly errors is significantly reduced. Through the prefabricated elements and the Predefined geometry at the connection points are hardly any errors during assembly possible.

The fact that the side carrier is integrated in a side wall results in a very stable and yet slim construction of the side wall, which makes the available Space in the recess of the basic construction to a large extent as usable space for the Dormer can be used.

It is a further advantage if the side carrier with the spring-like projection is attached to the outside of the side wall. This alternative design allows the side wall of the dormer as a continuous wall e.g. with already integrated insulation prefabricate. This also allows better and more uniform insulation effects can be achieved in this area.

If the edge element of the basic construction in the area of the side girders Has intermediate element that cooperates on one side with the basic structure and on the other side a groove-like depression for the tongue-like projection in the side member of the dormer can advantageously be larger Dormer load a kind of reinforcement beam are pulled in. In addition, this The intermediate element can be used to create a groove-like depression on both sides of the dormer window provide, even if the edge element of the basic structure on a Side would offer a feathery head start. This allows the invention Roof dormer construction easily integrated into a roof construction are arranged in the support and insulation elements next to each other and via appropriate triangular grooves and tongues are positively or non-positively connected are.

It is a further advantage if the edge element of the basic construction in upper area of the dormer window has at least one connecting part, which with a groove-like recess is provided, in which a tongue-like projection from the top Closing elements of the dormer engages. It can also be used in the upper end area the dormer to the building roof a quick assembly with simple means produce. Due to the triangular tongue and groove connection also present there with an inclined sliding surface can be a particularly good one with little effort Connection can be made. This would also allow the dormer to be essentially completely prefabricated and put on the roof as a whole using a crane and bring it into the predetermined position via the sliding surfaces. The effort for Production of the dormer window and, in particular, a possible hazard for working people People can be significantly reduced.

It is also advantageous if the dormer window has at least one post, which is attached to the side member via preferably two oarlocks. Then there is also one traditional construction of the dormer window possible on the basis of the side beams, the post sits securely over the oarlocks on the side beams and in his Location is fixed.

Alternatively, the side walls with the side supports and / or the upper connection elements also be prefabricated as a finished part, which results in a very fast and easy installation of the dormer on site. The prefabricated wall parts can are easily manufactured in a workshop. This allows one more Reduction of assembly times and assembly effort on the construction site.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a roof structure provided with the features of claim 13, which is a basic construction, which has a roof covering and a gutter. This too Design solves the task, as this means that the assembly and time required Functional installation of a gutter can be significantly reduced.

Einhängen" des Traufstücks in die Nut kann die Regenrinne somit sehr schnell und mit einfachen Mitteln an das Dach angefügt werden. Eine evtl. anschließende Fixierung mittels Nägel, Schrauben oder dgl. kann dann ohne großen Aufwand zum Halten der Regenrinne erfolgen.According to the invention, it is therefore advantageously sufficient to insert the gutter with the at least one eaves piece into the groove on the eaves-side end of the basic construction. Because of this

Hooking the eaves piece into the groove allows the rain gutter to be attached to the roof very quickly and with simple means. Any subsequent fixation by means of nails, screws or the like can then be carried out without great effort to hold the rain gutter.

The roof construction according to the invention advantageously offers the first time Possibility to determine a gutter slope in advance using simple means. Since that at least one eaves piece here has a corresponding presetting due to its shape is advantageously not an individual adjustment of each gutter bracket required. The work involved is therefore eliminated. In particular, the adaptation of the at least one eaves piece in a workshop or similar take place, which simplifies the work considerably and is more economical.

Another advantage is that a working person is thus much less long on the scaffolding or on the roof, which means a much smaller one There is a danger to humans. The workload is also reduced for a tinsmith or the like on site at the eaves clearly.

Furthermore, due to its design, the at least one eaves piece can be well in insert the analog groove into the basic construction and with simple means such as a nail or screw connection. Since that too Gutter brackets, for example, by a nail or screw connection to the at least one eaves piece can be attached, a tinsmith according to the invention Use of additional tools such as a chisel for machining of rafters and the like when working on the eaves. The invention Roof construction thus allows a very quick and effortless installation of a gutter to.

It is a further advantage if the groove is triangular in shape that a oblique surface is present, and the eaves piece in cross-section is correspondingly triangular trained projection. The inclined surface of the groove can then be used as Sliding surface for the insertion of the eaves serve, whereby the assembly of the at least a eaves piece on the eaves-side end of the basic construction is further facilitated becomes. In addition, the center of gravity of the eaves piece can be placed so that it remains in the groove by itself or with less effort until it is fixed is made. It is also advantageous that the triangular shape the groove allows a better connection to the eaves-side end of the basic construction is because nails or screws penetrate a larger area of the eaves piece, if they are passed through the resulting wedge-shaped projection.

If the at least one eaves piece is pre-assembled on the gutter, it can be arranged together with this on the eaves-side end of the basic structure, which further reduces the assembly steps in this dangerous area. At this embodiment is only an attachment of the at least one Eaves piece required on the basic construction, with the gutter slope automatically sets. This reduces the workload in the area of the eaves further.

By having an eaves piece that extends in the longitudinal direction of the gutter and has a varying height, the base for each holding device Gutter can be fixed without errors in the manufacture of the gutter slope possible are. Due to its shape, the eaves piece does not leave any wrong arrangement to. This further simplifies assembly.

Alternatively, there can also be several eaves pieces with different ones Heights formed and each associated with a bracket of the gutter. This can significantly reduce the cost of materials. Reduced at the same time also the weight of the arrangement, so that it is even easier to assemble.

According to another aspect of the present invention, an eaves piece for connecting a rain gutter to a basic structure of a roof structure provided, which also solves the task and the characteristic features of claim 16.

With this eaves piece according to the invention, those discussed in detail above can be discussed Get benefits. In addition, the corresponding advantageous developments possible.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, an assembly aid provided with the features of claim 18. This also serves as a solution the object of the invention, since hereby plate-like body with simple means can be planned if necessary.

The assembly aid according to the invention is characterized by a very simple construction from, but a very high functionality can still be achieved. The hangers are only to be anchored to the plate-shaped bodies, with the wedge element when inserting a good power transmission is achieved. The driving in the wedge can be done by a conventional tool such as a Hammer done.

Due to the wedge shape, the plate aligns itself by overcoming it Preload gradually out and then on the substructure or attached to the adjacent plate element. That loosen the assembly aid can then also be done with very simple means. For this is only the wedge element out of the hooks again. The hangers can then be removed.

Because of the ease of use of the assembly aid according to the invention these can also be used, for example, in the area of a sloping roof without this creates a significant danger for a working person. Also leave plates align themselves very quickly in the manner according to the invention.

If the hanging devices are tubular and in particular a rectangular one Have cross-section, will also advantageously good guidance for created the wedge element to be trained accordingly. Tilting of the wedge element or twisting, as is the case, for example, with a round design of the Hanging device would be possible can be avoided even more effectively.

Because the wedge element has a wedge section and a cuboid section, can be used to pull the plate into the desired level using the Wedge bevel as well as for holding in this area through the cuboid section be used. The load on the wedge section when fully inserted by pre-stressing the arched plate can reliably from the cuboid section be collected without the wedge portion being further stressed. This increases the service life of the assembly aid according to the invention continues.

It is a further advantage if the hanging devices by means of a screw connection are anchored in the plate-shaped bodies. Then they can be reliable can be coupled to it and is also easy to disassemble after fastening the curved plate on the surface possible. The hooks of the assembly aid can often be used.

Characterized in that the plate-shaped body have threaded sleeves, simplified the mounting of the hangers is essential. Because the anchor position on the plate-shaped body is predetermined and prepared, the planing can run even faster.

Fig. 1

einen Querschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform der Grundkonstruktion einer erfindungsgemäßen Dachkonstruktion;

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf die in Fig. 1 dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Dachkonstruktion;

Fig. 3

vergrößerte schematische Darstellungen einer in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Dachkonstruktion in den Bereichen um eine Firstpfette, um eine Fußpfette und um eine Mittelpfette;

Fig. 4

eine vergrößerte schematische Darstellung des Seitenverbundes zweier erfindungsgemäßer Trag- und Dämmelemente;

Fig. 5

eine aufgebrochene Draufsicht auf eine mögliche Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Trag- und Dämmelement;

Fig. 6

eine vergrößerte schematische Darstellung einer Alternative zu der in Fig. 3 und 4 gezeigten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 7

eine vergrößerte schematische Darstellung einer Alternative zu der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 8

eine vergrößerte schematische Darstellung einer anderen Alternative zu der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 9

eine vergrößerte schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform des Seitenverbundes zweier erfindungsgemäßer Trag- und Dämmelemente;

Fig. 10

eine vergrößerte schematische Darstellung einer anderen Ausführungsform des Seitenverbundes zweier erfindungsgemäßer Trag- und Dämmelemente;

Fig. 11

eine vergrößerte schematische Darstellung noch einer weiteren Ausführungsform des Seitenverbundes zweier erfindungsgemäßer Trag- und Dämmelemente;

Fig. 12

eine Schnittansicht eines seitlichen Teilbereiches einer Dachgauberkonstruktion gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 13

eine Schnittansicht einer Dachgaubenkonstruktion gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 14

eine Detailansicht mit einem Zwischenelement;

Fig. 15

eine Seitenansicht eines Details der Dachgaubenkonstruktion;

Fig. 16

einen Querschnitt durch ein traufseitiges Ende einer Dachkonstruktion;

Fig. 17

ein erfindungsgemäßes Traufstück;

Fig. 18

einen Anwendungsfall einer erfindungsgemäßen Montagehilfe; und

Fig. 19

eine Einhängevorrichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Montagehilfe.

The invention is explained below with reference to the description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

a cross section through a first embodiment of the basic structure of a roof structure according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a plan view of the roof structure according to the invention shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3

1 and 2 enlarged schematic representations of a roof structure in the areas around a ridge purlin, a foot purlin and a middle purlin;

Fig. 4

an enlarged schematic representation of the side composite of two support and insulation elements according to the invention;

Fig. 5

a broken plan view of a possible embodiment of a support and insulation element according to the invention;

Fig. 6

an enlarged schematic representation of an alternative to the embodiment shown in Figs. 3 and 4;

Fig. 7

an enlarged schematic representation of an alternative to the embodiment shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 8

an enlarged schematic representation of another alternative to the embodiment shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 9

an enlarged schematic representation of a further embodiment of the side composite of two supporting and insulating elements according to the invention;

Fig. 10

an enlarged schematic representation of another embodiment of the side composite of two support and insulation elements according to the invention;

Fig. 11

an enlarged schematic representation of yet another embodiment of the side composite of two support and insulation elements according to the invention;

Fig. 12

a sectional view of a side portion of a roof raster construction according to a first embodiment;

Fig. 13

a sectional view of a dormer structure according to a second embodiment;

Fig. 14

a detailed view with an intermediate element;

Fig. 15

a side view of a detail of the dormer structure;

Fig. 16

a cross section through an eaves-side end of a roof structure;

Fig. 17

an eaves piece according to the invention;

Fig. 18

an application of an assembly aid according to the invention; and

Fig. 19

a suspension device of the assembly aid according to the invention.

A first embodiment of a roof structure according to the invention is in the 1 to 11 are shown.

As can be clearly seen in FIG. 1 in cross section of an embodiment of the basic construction 1 of a roof construction 2 according to the invention, two rows of supporting and insulating elements 4 are arranged one above the other. This is usually the case for roofs with a depth T _D over 12 m. The support and insulation elements 4 are arranged in rows next to one another, which, however, cannot be seen in the section. The supporting and insulating elements 4 are supported in the area of their lower end 6 on the purlin or eaves purlin 8. Depending on the depth T _{D of} the roof and length L _{TDE of} the supporting and insulating elements, these are additionally supported in the area of their upper end 10 either on the ridge purlin 12 or the central purlin 14. However, they can also be freely cantilevered in the area of their upper end 10 against the upper end of a support and insulation element 4 arranged on the opposite roof half, the support and insulation elements 4 then usually in the area of their upper half on the middle purlin Support 14. This is not shown in more detail.

The basic construction 1 created from supporting and insulating elements 4 carries the Roof covering 16, which is conventionally used as a tile covering or otherwise, e.g. can be designed as an aluminum sheet covering, as can be seen from FIG. 2.

The support and insulation element 4 is, for example, as shown in Fig. 3 or 4, formed as a frame 20 from four wooden beams or rafters 22. These wooden beams 22 can be approx. 30 mm to 60 mm thick and have a height of approx. 140 to 220 mm. However, any other dimension is also conceivable, depending on the roof load to be mastered, Wind load and snow load according to the requirements of the static calculations. The Rafters or legs 22 of the frame 20 can also be made of multi-glued layers of wood be constructed. Here, strips can also be used, so that in Principle any strength and height is possible. One sensibly becomes the measure grading in 10 mm steps, for example. Apart from that, anyone else can Frame construction can be provided. From weight and manufacturing technology Aluminum profiles should be a good alternative for reasons. On the bottom is a plate 24 made of wood, for example. Their facing the roof interior Surface can be, for example, with real wood panels, hard fiber wood decor panels or the like other interior linings which can also be papered 25 be coated. The top is, for example, by a chipboard 26, the has been treated water-repellent, for example with a water-repellent Cover layer 27 can be provided, closed. The bottom and top can however, both should also be covered with waterproof chipboard. In between the insulation material 28, this as mineral wool insulation felt or mineral wool insulation board or similar well-formed insulating materials can be. The selection of the insulation material can easily be based on the building physics Judge calculations and the client's wishes. Furthermore, the arrangement a vapor barrier or brake possible.

The plan view shown in FIG. 2 on the roof structure 2 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 reveals the modular structure. At least one further, upper row 32 of supporting and insulating elements 4 is arranged above a first, lower row 30 of supporting and insulating elements 4 in the roof type shown. This is usually necessary if roof depths T _D in the range of 12 to 18 m are to be achieved. Roof depths T _D of 6 to 8 m can still be achieved with a series of support and insulation elements 4. With roof depths T _D of 8 to 14m, this is still possible. However, depending on the application, it should be decided with regard to the structural analysis whether the arrangement of two or more rows of support and insulation elements 4 is not indicated.

As can be seen from Fig. 2, the respective adjacent support and insulation elements close 4 seamlessly to each other so that no water-permeable between them Joints or gaps can arise. Due to the partially broken representation in 5, the insulating material 28 located in the supporting and insulating element 4 can be seen.

3 is an enlarged view of one shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 Roof structure 2 in the areas around a ridge purlin 12, around a foot purlin 8 and schematically illustrated around a middle purlin 14. The support and insulation element 4 points on its underside or on its lower planking or on the lower one Chipboard 24 on a first wart bar 34 with which the support and insulation element 4 against the foot purlin 8 and / or against a corresponding one attached to the foot purlin Wart bar 36 supports or into a corresponding notch 37 in the foot purlin 8 snaps into place. Similarly, the support and insulation element 4 is at least one further wart ridges 38 attached to its underside against the middle purlin 14 and / or a wart strip 40 attached to the middle purlin or a corresponding one Notch stored. The support and insulation element 4 is supported in the upper one Area against the ridge purlin 12 and / or against a wart bar attached to it 42 or a Dreickesdamm in an analogous manner, if necessary directly or through another wart strip 44 attached to the underside. The at the upper end of the carrying and Insulated wart bar 38 or 44 can also be integral to the top Shaped or formed frame section forming beams or rafters be.

In an enlarged schematic representation of the side composite of two according to the invention The supporting and insulating elements 4 in FIG. 4 are the hook-fold-like configuration in the form of triangular depressions or elevations of the outer circumferential Edge 46 of the support and insulation element 4 can be seen. A spring 48 am Edge 46 of a support and insulation element 4 engages in a groove 50 in the edge 46 of the adjacent support and insulation elements 4. Groove 50 and tongue 48 are mutually designed accordingly and have an inclined sliding surface 52. This ensures that when two supporting and insulating elements 4 are joined together for example, to connect them tightly with each other solely by their own weight. To further increase the tightness of the connection, a sealing cord can be placed in the groove base 54 are provided.

5 shows a possible embodiment in a partially broken top view of a support and insulation element 4 according to the invention shown in more detail. How already partially recognizable from FIG. 1, the support and insulation element 4 is for example formed as a frame from four wooden beams or rafters 22, for example can be built up from multiple glued layers. Their strength is determined primarily according to the loads to be managed. Other frame construction, like e.g. a frame made of aluminum profiles are also conceivable. The bottom is through a plate 24, for example made of wood to the roof interior. The Plate 24 is preferably relatively dense and highly vapor retardant. Their to the roof interior facing surface can be coated with interior panels. In addition is the placement of a vapor barrier on the outside or inside on the support and insulation element 4 is possible.

The top forms, for example, a water-repellent chipboard 26, whose vapor diffusion resistance is lower than that of the lower plate 24. Due to the water-repellent treatment of the surface of the plate 26 or yourself, can possibly on the application of a layer of roofing or tar cardboard on the weather side Area to be waived.

The insulation material is located in the interior 56 of the support and insulation element 4 28. For this purpose, a mineral wool insulation felt or mineral wool insulation boards be used. Other insulation materials can be used just as well. For distribution of the support and insulation element can be both in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction arranged middle rungs 58 and 60 are inserted. Their number judges depending on the desired stiffening and the expected loads.

As can be seen from FIG. 6, the groove base described is preferably the one described above formed as a sealing cord 54 seal for sealing two together butting support and insulation elements 4 use. For improved sealing of the Side seal can be a further seal 62 in the region of the abutting edges upper plates 26 are provided. In doing so, their side edges 64 beveled diagonally from the top outside down to the inside, so that two adjoining Edges 64 of upper plates 26 a predetermined triangular or trapezoidal or form dovetail-shaped narrow gap 66 which is separated from the seal 62, for example, is filled in completely by a self-expanding sealing cord.

To improve the seal in the area of the forehead joint, as in Fig. 7 shown, the downward edge 68 of the top plate 26 of a support and Insulating elements 4 beveled from below and over the lower edge 70 of the Frame 20 protrude so that they are arranged on the upper plate 26 of the one below Support and insulation elements 4 comes to rest in the edge area 72. This top plate is correspondingly bevelled in the edge area 72, so that a steadily downward pointing water drainage is guaranteed.

Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 8, for cost-saving improvement of the seal between the purlins 8, 12 and 14 and the supporting and insulating elements 4 a seal 74 arranged between the wart strips 34, 38 and 42, preferably again a sealing cord can be provided.

Fig. 9 shows the interior of two abutting support and insulation elements 4 an embodiment in detail. The panels facing the interior 24 are undercut obliquely on their end faces, so that a composite or Press point on an edge results. This press point is preferably on the inside the roof structure 2 in front and serves as an additional seal against moisture in this area. A sealing element can also be formed in the space formed by the bevels to be ordered.

According to the illustration in FIG. 10, a groove on the edge 46 of a support and insulation element 4 may be formed. A sealing cord can be placed in this groove or similar arrange, which provides an even better seal against moisture becomes. In addition, the visual appearance could be on the inside through training a dummy joint can be improved, as shown in Fig. 10. 11 is still an alternative sealing method is shown. Here a sealing lip is embedded in the plate 24, a dummy joint can also be formed.

The dormer structure according to the invention is described below with reference to the figures 12 to 15 explained in more detail.

FIG. 12 shows a first embodiment of a dormer structure 101. The sectional view shown represents a portion of the dormer, in which a side part of the dormer is connected to the roof structure.

The dormer structure 101 has a basic structure 102, which carries a roof covering 103 with battens and roof tiles. Furthermore, the Dormer structure 101 on a dormer 104, which in the figures only in Sub-areas is shown.

The basic structure 102 has a plurality of arranged side by side and form-fitting or non-positively connected support and insulation elements 121 on, which are made up of a box-like frame and inside insulation exhibit. Such a basic construction 102 can correspond to the basic construction 1, as explained above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 11.

The support and insulation element 121 has an edge element 122, in which one groove-like recess 123 is formed. This groove-like depression 123 is in cross section so triangular that it creates an inclined sliding surface.

The dormer 104 generally has a side wall 141 on both sides, which in the connection area to the basic structure 102 each contains a side support 142. The side bracket 142 is formed with a spring-like projection 143.

The groove-like depression 123 and the tongue-like projection 143 are here complementary, so that their inclined sliding surfaces on each other when mounting slide off and thus automatically establish a positive or non-positive connection.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 12, the side bracket 142 is in the Sidewall 141 integrated. The side wall 141 also has posts, one External formwork, a windbreak, an insulating layer and an inner lining. The side wall 141 can be prefabricated in an external workshop as well be built in the traditional manner on the side support 142.

To mount the dormer 104 on the basic structure 102 either the side bracket 142 alone or the prefabricated side wall 141 with the attached thereto Side girder 142 by means of a crane and / or manually on the basic structure 102 put on. As soon as the spring-like projection 143 of the side carrier 142 with the groove-like recess 123 is engaged, the inclined sliding surfaces on each other slide off and there is automatically the correct positioning of the side carrier 142 to the basic construction 102. Here, in the longitudinal direction of the depression 123 also a stop or similar provided what a displacement of the side beams 142 in limited in this direction in the desired manner.

In the corner area between the side bracket 142 and the basic construction 102 can also be a metal panel or the like. for sealing against rain, snow and the like may be provided.

13 shows a further embodiment of a dormer structure according to the invention 101 '. In this embodiment, a side bracket 142 ' attached to a side wall 141 'on the outside. This allows the side wall 141 ' be formed uniformly, as shown in Fig. 13. Then the constructive one Less effort for the production of the side wall.

In both embodiments, the connection between the side carrier 142 or 142 'and the edge element 122 additionally by nails, screws or others Fasteners fixed.

Furthermore, the sliding surfaces can also be provided with a lubricant, so that they slide better off each other. On the bottom of the groove-like depression 123 In addition, a sealing element can be arranged, which for an even better seal worries.

14 shows a further embodiment, according to which between the Basic structure 102 and the side support 142 an intermediate element 124 in shape a reinforcing bar with a width adapted to the application is. The intermediate element 124 is complementary to the on both sides Edge element 122 or to the side support 142 and is used, for example, for Reinforcement due to larger dormer loads.

If the basic construction 102 consists of a plurality of supporting and insulating elements 121 exists side by side with the help of such a groove-like depression and a corresponding spring-like projection can be connected, the case occur that on the dormer side not shown in the figures at the edge area there is a spring-like projection of the support and insulation element. For connection to the side support 142 of the dormer 104 can then be a differently designed intermediate element be arranged between the side support and the edge element, which offers a groove-like depression on both sides.

As shown in FIG. 15, a post 144 of the sidewall 141 about two oarlocks 145 to be fixed on the side member 142, which in particular a formation of the side wall on site, that is, in the case of a non-prefabricated side wall element is an advantage. The cut-outs for the oarlocks 145 can be used here are made in advance so that the post 144 is only placed on the side bracket 142 must be and if necessary is glued.

To connect the upper area of the dormer window to the roof structure, the Basic structure 102 also has an edge element in this area, which is provided with a groove-like depression. Complementarily designed upper connection elements the dormer can engage in this groove-like depression and so Establish a fast and automatic connection in this area too.

In addition, the ceiling of a dormer window can also be attached to the be coupled to the upper edge regions of the side walls 141 or 141 '. At the bottom Connection area of the dormer can be a preferably insulated cross member be arranged, which in a tongue or groove of an underlying support or Insulating elements of the basic structure 102 engages and thus a stable coupling creates.

Furthermore, the dormer window 104 could also be formed essentially completely in advance and are placed on the roof with a crane. The side straps with the side wall and the upper connecting elements of the dormer can then with relatively little effort taking into account the sloping roof in advance in a workshop getting produced. The entire dormer is due to the sliding surfaces Set down on the basic construction automatically slide into the correct position.

The invention thus creates a dormer structure 101 or 101 'with a the roof covering 103 supporting basic structure 102 and a dormer window 104, which overlaps a recess in the basic structure 102. Here, the Dormer 104 prefabricated side beams 142 and 142 'on a spring-like Have projection 143, which in a corresponding groove-like recess in the edge element 122 of the basic structure 102 engages. The groove-like recess 123 or the spring-like projection 143 formed triangular such that an inclined sliding surface is created, which when the side carrier 142 or 142 'is placed on the Basic construction 102 an automatic transfer to the desired position under Production of a positive or non-positive connection enables. So that with little time and Personnel expenditure a reliable and inexpensive production of a dormer 104 possible in any weather.

The roof construction according to the invention with eaves piece is described below of Figures 16 and 17 explained in more detail.

As shown in FIG. 16, a roof structure 201 has a basic structure 202 on, which carries a roof covering 203 and on the eaves side A rain gutter 204 is arranged at the end. The gutter 204 is over an eaves section 205 connected to an edge element 221 of the basic structure 202.

For this purpose, the edge element 221 has a triangular groove 222. In this groove 222 engages an analog projection 251 of eaves piece 205.

The eaves piece 205 is such in the present embodiment according to FIG. 17 trapezoidal that it also has a contact surface for holding devices 241 Has gutter 204. In the present embodiment there is one eaves piece 205 is provided for each holding device 241. A height h of each eaves piece 205 is chosen so that the gutter 204 does not slope towards this downpipe shown has. Each eaves piece 205 therefore has a different one Height h up.

In the present embodiment, the individual eaves pieces 205 are each screwed or nailed in advance to the holding device 241. Then they will Holding devices 241 with eaves pieces 205 each in their place on the eaves side Bring the end of the basic structure 202. The wedge-shaped projection 251 of the Eaves piece 205 is finally placed on the inclined sliding surface of the groove 222 and inserted into this. The eaves piece 205 is then fixed in the groove 222 by Nailing or screwing through the wedge-shaped projection 251. To the Sealing and closing the space between the top edge of the eaves section 205 or the holding device 241 and the upper edge of the basic structure 202 a plastic or elastic cementing 206 can be introduced.

The rain gutter 204 is then inserted into the holding devices 241. Since each eaves piece 205 has a different height h, the result is one correct arrangement of eaves 205 automatically a desired slope towards the downpipe.

In addition to the embodiment shown here, the invention allows further design approaches to.

Instead of the majority of eaves pieces 205, a single elongated piece can also be used Eaves piece, which is designed with varying heights. With longer gutters 204, in which a downpipe is arranged in a central region, can also two or more longer eaves pieces can be provided, each with several holding devices Overlap 241.

Furthermore, the groove in the basic construction can also be designed so that it that receives at least one eaves piece in a form-fitting manner. This is then in the side Insert groove. Additional means for fixation can then essentially be dispensed with become.

The at least one eaves piece 205 can alternatively also first on the edge element 221 are fixed before a holding device 241 is fixed on the eaves piece 205 becomes.

According to the illustration in FIG. 16, the at least one eaves piece 205 can have on the side facing away from the gutter 204 have a step into which a hook section of the holding devices 241 engages positively. This increases the Stability of the arrangement continues.

Furthermore, the at least one eaves piece 205 can also be provided with one rectangular cross section. This would reduce the effort to produce the eaves piece 205. Then when assembling to ensure that each eaves piece 205 really completely in the analog trained Groove on the edge element 221 is inserted.

The roof structure 201 according to the invention can also be particularly advantageous Use in conjunction with a support and insulation element as it does has been described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 11. This support and insulation element exists from a box-like frame, the peripheral edge of which has a spring-like projection or has a corresponding groove-like depression. The groove or the spring is so triangular that they have an inclined sliding surface. If the basic structure 202 of the roof structure 201 from such supporting and insulating elements a triangular groove 222 can be formed on the eaves side End of the basic construction 202. A special step in design this groove 222 is then no longer required. The effort for the production and assembly of the roof structure according to the invention is reduced further.

The invention thus creates a roof structure 201 in which a rain gutter 204 quickly and easily to an eaves-side end of a basic structure 202 can be added, a desired gutter slope advantageously automatically due to the special design of the eaves piece according to the invention 205 results. If the at least one eaves piece 205 also in advance with the holding devices 241 of the gutter 204 is connected, the decrease from one Scaffolding or work required from the roof. A working person must therefore do not stay in this dangerous area for as long as it does in State of the art is the case and do not carry out such extensive work there.

The assembly aid according to the invention is described below with reference to FIGS. 18 and 19 explained in more detail.

18, an assembly aid 301 according to the invention is used for leveling a loose, self-arching plate 302 against a substrate, plate 302 engages a plate 303 already attached to the ground brought.

For this purpose, the assembly aid 301 has two suspension devices 311 and 312, which each have a pipe section 313 and 314 and a rigidly connected threaded section 315 and 316 included. The pipe sections 313 and 314 are in cross section rectangular.

In the present embodiment, threaded sleeves are provided in the plates 302 and 303 in advance 321 and 331 have been introduced, into which the threaded sections 315 and 316 are screwed in.

The hooks 311 and 312 are used to align the loose plate anchored in alignment with one another at the edge region of the plates 302 and 303. A wedge element 317 of the assembly aid 301 is then by means of a hammer 304 through a suspension device 311 hammered into the other suspension device 312. For this purpose, the wedge element 317 has a wedge section 318 and a cuboid section 319 on. As shown in FIG. 18, the wedge section 318 also allows larger ones Bulges of the loose plate 302 thread the wedge element 317 into the second Hooking device 312. By driving the wedge element 317 into the two Hangers 311 and 312 will cause the loose plate 302 to be sloping due to the bevel Wedge section 318 increasingly biased such that the loose plate 302 finally is aligned with the fixed plate 303. The inclined plane on the wedge section 318 allows it, therefore, with relatively low forces, a reliable flat alignment of the loose To achieve plate 302.

After the loose plate 302 is aligned, it can face the fixed plate 303 and / or attached to the surface. The wedge element 317 can then Example by means of a nose, as shown in Fig. 18, again from the hanging devices 311 and 312 are knocked out. The hangers 311 and 312 can then be unscrewed and then again at another point use.

In addition to the embodiment shown here, the invention allows further design approaches to.

In this way, the hanging devices 311 and 312 can also have a different shape a rectangular cross-sectional shape. Here comes one, for example polygonal or round design as well as a U-shaped shape, which on the two legs additional flanges for attachment to the Have plate 302 or 303.

The anchoring of the hangers 311 and 312 on the plates 302 and 303 can also be done in other ways. For example, here is a nailing or a Screwing on with wood screws without using threaded sleeves 321 or 331 possible.

The assembly aid 301 according to the invention can also be used on metallic plates 302 and 303 are used, provided that the anchoring devices are anchored 311 and 312 are present. In addition, the assembly aid 301 can also be used to lay panels in any area. It is therefore not limited to use in the roof area.

In particular, the assembly aid 301 is, however, suitable for supporting elements Roof construction, which are placed directly on purlins of the roof structure. Such support elements have been explained above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 11. The assembly aid 301 allows a particularly quick and reliable assembly this support elements even under the difficult conditions on a sloping roof.

The invention thus creates an assembly aid 301 for leveling plate-shaped Body 302 and 303, in particular of supporting elements of a roof structure, wherein the mounting aid 301 has two hooking devices 311 and 312, which on edge regions of two adjacent plate-shaped bodies directed towards one another 302 and 303 can be anchored in alignment with one another, and a wedge element 317 through one hanging device 311 into the other hanging device 312 is insertable. This allows flatness even with curved or warped panels are produced without this requiring a great deal of effort or cumbersome measures would be required. This plan straightening can thus be done even with unfavorable ones Weather conditions and in difficult environments such as on a sloping roof run quickly.

Claims (19)

Roof structure (2) with a basic structure (1) bearing the roof covering and supported at least on an eaves or foot purlin (8) and / or on a middle purlin (14) and / or ridge purlin (12)
the basic construction (1) is made at least from a row (30, 32) of supporting and insulating elements (4) which are arranged next to one another and are positively or non-positively connected and which are constructed from box-like frames (20), the outer circumferential side Edge of the box-like frame (20) of a first support and insulation element (4) has a tongue-like projection or a spring (48) which engages in a corresponding groove-like recess or groove (50) in the adjacent support and insulation element (4) ,
characterized,
that the groove (50) or the tongue (48) are triangular in such a way that they have an oblique sliding surface (52), as a result of which the groove (50) and tongue (48) run into one another and thus a positive or non-positive connection neighboring support and insulation elements (4) is guaranteed. Roof construction according to claim 1, characterized in that for additional Sealing the joint between two adjacent support and insulation elements (4) in the groove base a seal (54) is provided and / or that between abutting Edges (64) of upper plates (26) is provided with a seal (62) Edges (64) are preferably designed so that they have a predetermined triangular or trapezoidal or dovetail-shaped gap (66) for receiving the Form seal (62) and / or that the lower edge (68) of a first upper Plate (26) protrudes over the edge (70) of the frame (26) and preferably is weakened from the bottom outwards so that it is with the upper Plate (26) of the support and insulation element (4) arranged below in the upper Edge area (72), which is preferably chamfered correspondingly, overlaps. Roof construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the supporting and Insulating element (4) attached to the underside of the box-like frame (20), the roof interior facing plate (24) that between the Legs of the frame (20) an insulation layer (28) is applied or introduced, the insulation layer (28) preferably made of mineral wool or other effective Insulation material is made, and that the box-like frame (20) one at the Has the top of the frame (20) attached, facing outward plate (26), which is preferably treated to be water-repellent and in particular with a water-repellent coating (27) is provided. Roof structure according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the support and insulation element (4) in the longitudinal direction at least through a central rung (58) and / or at least in the transverse direction according to structural requirements is stiffened by a central rung (60). Roof construction according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at the bottom of each support and insulation element (4) at least one wart bar (34) or strip-shaped cam attached or integral to the frame (20) is molded to support the support and insulation element (4) against a corresponding on the eaves or foot purlin (8) attached wart strip (36) or strip-shaped Cam or for engagement in a notch (37) of the corresponding purlin and / or that at least on the underside of each supporting and insulating element (4) another wart strip (38, 44) or strip-shaped cam attached or is integrally formed on the frame (20) to support the support and insulation element (4) against a corresponding one on the ridge purlin (12) and / or middle purlin (14) attached wart bar (40, 42) or strip-shaped cam or for engagement into a notch of the corresponding purlin. Roof structure according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that from the underside of the box-like frame (20) ago lighting fixtures in the Support and insulation element (4) can be embedded, which is preferably flush designed and already in before the assembly of the basic structure (1) the support and insulation element (4) are used and / or that in the box-like Frame (20) of the support and insulation element (4) provided power guides can be what the flush installation of sockets and the like enables. Support and insulation element (4), with a box-like structure with a frame (20) and an insulation layer (28) inserted or applied between the legs of the frame (20), with it on its outer peripheral edge of the frame (20) has a groove (50) or tongue (52),
characterized,
that the groove (50) or the spring (48) are triangular in such a way that they have an oblique sliding surface (52), whereby a first support and insulation element (4) via its spring (48) with an adjacent support and Insulating element (4) can be positively or non-positively connected via its corresponding groove (50). Support and insulation element (4) according to claim 7, characterized by the characterizing Features of at least one of claims 2 to 6. Dormer structure (101) with a basic structure (102) carrying a roof covering (103) and a dormer window (104) which overlaps a recess in the basic structure (102),
characterized,
that the dormer window (104) has prefabricated side supports (142; 142 ') which have a spring-like projection (143) which engages in a corresponding groove-like recess (123) in an edge element (122) of the basic structure (102),
the groove-like recess (123) or the tongue-like projection (143) being triangular in such a way that they have an oblique sliding surface. Dormer structure according to claim 9, characterized in that the side girder (142; 142 ') integrated in a side wall (141; 141') or on the outside a side wall (141; 141 ') is attached. Dormer structure according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the edge element (122) of the basic construction (102) in the area of the side girders (142; 142 ') has an intermediate element (124) on one side with the basic construction (102) cooperates and on the other side a groove-like depression for the spring-like projection (143) in the side support (142; 142 ') of the dormer window (104). Dormer structure according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that that the side walls (141; 141 ') with the side supports (142; 142') and / or the upper connection elements are prefabricated as a finished part. Roof structure (201) with a basic structure (202), which carries a roof covering (203), and a rain gutter (204),
characterized,
that the eaves-side end of the base structure (202) has a groove (222), and that the roof structure (201) further comprises at least one eaves piece (205) by means of which the gutter (204) is connected to the base structure (202), the at least one eaves piece (205) is adapted in cross section to the shape of the groove (222) and the groove (222) is preferably triangular in such a way that an inclined surface is present, and
wherein a height (h) of the at least one eaves piece (205) in the transverse direction to the course of the gutter (204) can be variably configured such that a gutter slope can be set. Roof construction according to claim 13, characterized in that the at least a eaves piece (205) is pre-assembled on holding devices (241) of the rain gutter (204) is. Roof construction according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that a Eaves piece (205) is present, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the gutter (204) and has a varying height (h) or that several eaves pieces (205) with different heights (h), each with a holding device (241) are assigned to the gutter (204). Eaves piece (205) for connecting a rain gutter (204) to a basic structure (202) of a roof structure (201),
characterized,
that it has in cross section a projection (251) which is adapted to the shape of a groove (222) which is formed on the eaves-side end of the basic structure (202), the projection (251) preferably being triangular in such a way that an oblique Surface is present, and
wherein a height (h) of the eaves piece (205) in the transverse direction to the course of the gutter (204) can be designed such that a gutter slope can be adjusted. Eaves piece according to claim 16, characterized in that it extends in the longitudinal direction the gutter (204) extends and has a varying height (h), or that it is designed as a single block, each of which a predetermined bracket (241) is assigned to the gutter (204) and a predetermined height (h) having. Assembly aid (301) for leveling plate-shaped bodies (302, 303), in particular of supporting and insulating elements of a roof structure according to claim 7 or 8,
marked by:
two hooking devices (311, 312) which can be anchored in alignment with one another on edge regions of two adjacent plate-shaped bodies (302, 303) which are directed towards one another, and
a wedge element (317) which can be inserted into the other hanging device (312) through one hanging device (311). Assembly aid according to claim 18, characterized in that the suspension devices (311, 312) are tubular and in particular have a rectangular cross section have and preferably by means of a screw connection (315, 316, 321, 331) are anchored in the plate-shaped bodies (302, 303), the plate-shaped Bodies (302, 303) can have threaded sleeves (321, 331).

Images