EP0891485B1 - Carburateur a injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Carburateur a injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0891485B1
EP0891485B1 EP97902962A EP97902962A EP0891485B1 EP 0891485 B1 EP0891485 B1 EP 0891485B1 EP 97902962 A EP97902962 A EP 97902962A EP 97902962 A EP97902962 A EP 97902962A EP 0891485 B1 EP0891485 B1 EP 0891485B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carburetor
orifice
downstream
upstream
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97902962A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0891485A1 (fr
Inventor
Jerome Rasmussen
John D. Santi
Thomas G. Guntly
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Briggs and Stratton Corp
Original Assignee
Briggs and Stratton Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Briggs and Stratton Corp filed Critical Briggs and Stratton Corp
Publication of EP0891485A1 publication Critical patent/EP0891485A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0891485B1 publication Critical patent/EP0891485B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M19/00—Details, component parts, or accessories of carburettors, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M1/00 - F02M17/00
    • F02M19/03—Fuel atomising nozzles; Arrangement of emulsifying air conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M7/00—Carburettors with means for influencing, e.g. enriching or keeping constant, fuel/air ratio of charge under varying conditions
    • F02M7/02—Carburettors having aerated fuel spray nozzles

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to the field of carburetors that mix air and fuel for internal combustion engines and, more particularly, to the field of fuel nozzles that provide fuel to the throat of such carburetors.
  • French reference FR-E-26,901 discloses a fuel nozzle (1) having a pair of upstream orifices (2) and which is interconnected to a fuel conduit (5).
  • French reference FR-A-555,986 discloses a fuel nozzle (1) disposed in a carburetor and in fluid communication with a fuel line (6).
  • Another background art reference is British reference GB-A-649,920, which discloses a fuel nozzle (13) having an upstream orifice (24) and a downstream orifice (23) disposed within a carburetor. The fuel nozzle is angled with respect to the flow of air through the carburetor, and fuel within the fuel nozzle blocks the upstream orifice (24) during high suction and low engine speeds.
  • Another background art reference is British reference GB-A-148,507, which discloses a fuel nozzle or choke tube (g) having an air inlet orifice (k) and a orifice for the outflow of fuel (k1). Fuel is drawn through the choke tube (g) from a chamber (d) containing a constant level (indicated by line 1-1) of fuel.
  • Another background art reference is GB-A-224 719 which discloses a carburetor according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Fuel is typically provided to the air by a fuel nozzle that is operatively interconnected with a fuel supply (e.g., a fuel bowl).
  • the fuel nozzle extends transversely into the carburetor throat, and includes an outlet port in a tip thereof.
  • the outlet port commonly faces transverse to the air flow such that air passing over the port will create a negative pressure, thereby resulting in fuel being drawn from fuel nozzle.
  • air can also flow in the reverse direction (i.e., from the combustion chamber toward the carburetor intake), sometimes called "reverse flow.”
  • Reverse flow is typically caused by intake valve leakage, which can result from valve lash, inconsistent cam profiles or poor valve seals. Due to the presence of an air velocity, reverse flow creates a negative pressure at the outlet port, resulting in fuel being drawn from the fuel nozzle. When forward flow resumes, fuel is again drawn from the fuel nozzle, resulting in a "double charge” of fuel. This double charge creates an air/fuel ratio that is richer than the optimum air/fuel ratio of the carburetor, resulting in excess emissions and lower fuel economy.
  • a carburetor for use in an engine comprises a carburetor body (22) having a throat (24) extending from an intake (26) to a discharge (28), wherein a downstream direction is defined as extending from said intake toward said discharge, and wherein an upstream direction is defined as extending from said discharge toward said intake; and a fuel nozzle (32) having body, said body having a longitudinal axis positioned within said throat such that said longitudinal axis is substantially normal to said upstream and downstream directions, said nozzle including at least one upstream orifice (39) facing substantially upstream and at least one downstream orifice (40, 42, or 44) facing substantially downstream, said at least one upstream orifice being positioned closer to the carburetor body than said at least one downtstream orifice, characterized in
  • Fig. 1 is a side section view of a carburetor embodying the present invention and including a fuel nozzle.
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section view of the fuel nozzle illustrated in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a section view of the fuel nozzle taken along line 3-3 in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 4 is an end view of the fuel nozzle taken along line 4-4 in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 5 is a side section view of a different carburetor embodying the present invention and including a fuel nozzle.
  • Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section view of the fuel nozzle illustrated in Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 7 is an end view of the fuel nozzle taken along line 7-7 in Fig. 6.
  • Figs. 8-12 illustrate various fuel nozzles embodying the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a carburetor 20 having a carburetor body 22 with a carburetor throat 24 extending therethrough from an intake region 26 to a discharge region 28.
  • the carburetor 20 further includes a throttle 30 that regulates the amount of air and fuel passing through the throat 24.
  • a fuel nozzle 32 is positioned to provide fuel to the throat 24.
  • the fuel nozzle 32 generally includes a base 34 mounted to the carburetor body 22, and a tip 36 extending from the base 34, through a carburetor wall 37, and at least partially positioned within the carburetor throat.
  • the tip 36 is provided with an upstream orifice and at least one downstream orifice having a surface area larger than a surface area of the upstream orifice.
  • surface area is used to describe the orifice's propensity to discharge fuel. That is, the larger the surface area of the orifice, the more fuel it is likely to discharge given a particular pressure.
  • the surface area values used herein refer to the area of the orifice at the outer surface of the fuel nozzle. It should be appreciated, of course, that other techniques could be used to achieve the present invention. For example, by using narrow slot-shaped or pinhole openings, surface tension could also play a role in an orifice's propensity to dispense fuel. Further, orifices that change in area from the surface inward could also affect the orifice's performance.
  • the tip includes one upstream orifice 38 that is circular and has a diameter of about 0,5334 mm (.021 inches), corresponding with a cross-sectional surface area of about 0,226 square mm (.00035 square inches).
  • the illustrated embodiment includes three downstream orifices 40,42,44 that are each circular and have a diameter of about 0,9398 mm (.037 inches), corresponding with a total cross-sectional surface area of about 2,084 square mm (.00323 square inches). It should be appreciated that the orifices do not need to be round in cross-section, and could instead be configured in other appropriate shapes.
  • the middle downstream orifice 42 is approximately centered with respect to the throat 24, and the other two downstream orifices 40,44 are equally spaced on either side of the middle downstream orifice 42. Accordingly, the downstream orifices 40,42,44 are positioned in a pattern that is evenly distributed across the throat 24.
  • the upstream orifice 38 is positioned off-center with respect to the throat 24. More specifically, the upstream orifice 38 is positioned closer to the carburetor wall 37 than any of the downstream orifices 40,42,44, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • double charging is significantly reduced. More specifically, forward flow will create a low pressure at the downstream orifices, resulting in fuel being dispensed through the downstream orifices. During reverse flow, a high pressure is formed at the downstream orifices, resulting in little or no fuel being dispenses through the downstream orifices. Accordingly, double charging is significantly reduced.
  • the positioning of the upstream orifice allows air to enter the fuel nozzle at a right angle to the flow of fuel in the nozzle during forward flow.
  • the right angle motion of the air relative to the fuel causes shearing of the fuel in the fuel nozzle, resulting in better fuel atomization as the fuel and air exit the downstream orifices. Because of the small surface area of the upstream orifice relative to the downstream orifices, reverse flow will not result in significant dispersal of fuel through the upstream orifice.
  • the fuel nozzle 32 includes a tip 36 and a base 34.
  • the tip 36 and the base 34 can be made from a wide variety of materials, including metals and plastics.
  • the tip 36 and the base 34 are machined from metallic material, such as SAE CA 332 Brass, and the base 34 is press fit into the tip 36.
  • the utilization of a two-piece fuel nozzle facilitates production of a fuel nozzle 32 having a tip 36 with a thinner wall than the base 34. The thinner wall allows the tip to occupy less space within the throat, thereby improving engine performance.
  • the base 34 includes a flat surface 46 that corresponds with a flat segment 48 on the tip 36, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the base 34 includes a flat portion 50 that matches the shape of the carburetor body 22, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the carburetor 60 illustrated in Fig. 5 includes an integral fuel bowl 62 and associated float 64 for providing fuel to the carburetor throat 66 via a metering orifice 68 and a fuel nozzle 70.
  • the fuel nozzle 70 is a one-piece design made from plastic, such as acetal resin.
  • the lower portion of the fuel nozzle includes a D-shaped base portion 72, as shown in Fig. 7, to insure proper alignment of the fuel nozzle 70 with the carburetor body 74.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates another fuel nozzle 80 embodying the present invention.
  • the fuel nozzle 80 is a two-piece design, including a tip 82 and a base 84.
  • the tip 82 and the base 84 are both made of plastic material, such as Delrin, a trademark of E.I. Du Pont De Nemours of Wilmington, Delaware.
  • the tip 82 and the base 84 are interconnected by a snap fit, wherein a ridge 86 on the tip 82 fits into a groove 88 on the base 84.
  • the tip 82 has a wall thickness that is about the same as the wall thickness of the base 84.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates another fuel nozzle 90 embodying the present invention.
  • the illustrated fuel nozzle 90 is a one-piece design that is machined from a metallic material, such as brass. A tip portion 92 of the fuel nozzle 90 is blocked by a ball plug 94.
  • Fig. 10 illustrates a fuel nozzle 100 embodying the present invention. Similar to the fuel nozzle illustrated in Fig. 8, the fuel nozzle 100 of Fig. 10 is a two-piece Delrin design wherein a tip 102 is snap fit with a base 104. The end of the tip 102 includes a ball plug 106 integrally formed therewith via a flexible interconnecting member 108. The open end of the tip 102 can be selectively closed by inserting the ball plug 106 into the open end.
  • Fig. 11 illustrates another fuel nozzle 110 embodying the present invention.
  • the fuel nozzle 110 is identical to that illustrated in Fig. 8, except the tip 112 has a wall thickness that is significantly thinner than the wall thickness of the base 114.
  • Fig. 12 illustrates a two-piece brass fuel nozzle 120 having a tip 122 and a base 124 press fit into the tip 122.
  • the tip 122 illustrated in Fig. 12 extends only partially (e.g., less than halfway) into the carburetor throat 126.
  • the tip 122 illustrated in Fig. 12 includes only one downstream orifice 128, rather than the three downstream orifices illustrated in the other fuel nozzles.
  • the downstream orifice 128 has a cross-sectional surface area that is significantly larger than the surface area of the upstream orifice 130.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of The Air-Fuel Ratio Of Carburetors (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Carburateur (20) destiné à être utilisé dans un moteur, ledit carburateur comprenant:
    un corps de carburateur (22) comportant un étranglement (24), s'étendant d'une entrée (26) vers une sortie (28), une direction allant vers l'aval étant définie comme s'étendant de ladite entrée vers ladite sortie, une direction allant vers l'amont étant définie comme s'étendant de ladite sortie vers ladite entrée; et
    un injecteur de carburant (32, 70, 80, 100, 120) comportant un corps, ledit corps comportant un axe longitudinal positionné dans ledit étranglement, de sorte que ledit axe longitudinal est pratiquement perpendiculaire auxdites directions allant vers l'amont et vers l'aval, ledit injecteur englobant au moins un orifice d'amont (38, 130) orienté pratiquement vers l'amont, et au moins un orifice d'aval (40, 42, 44 ou 128), orienté pratiquement vers l'aval, ledit au moins un orifice d'amont étant plus proche du corps du carburateur que ledit au moins un orifice d'aval, caractérisé en ce que
    une surface utile dudit au moins un orifice d'amont représente moins d'environ 50 pour cent d'une surface utile dudit au moins un orifice d'aval, ledit orifice d'amont étant ainsi dimensionné et positionné de sorte à permettre l'entrée d'air dans ledit injecteur de carburant à angle droit par rapport à un écoulement de carburant dans ledit injecteur au cours de l'écoulement vers l'aval de l'air dans ledit étranglement du carburateur pour entraíner une pulvérisation améliorée du carburant dans ledit injecteur de carburant avant la sortie dudit carburant et de l'air dudit orifice d'aval au cours du fonctionnement normal du moteur.
  2. Carburateur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite surface utile dudit au moins un orifice d'amont représente moins d'environ 25 pour cent de ladite surface utile dudit au moins un orifice d'aval.
  3. Carburateur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite surface utile dudit au moins un orifice d'amont représente entre environ 5 pour cent et environ 20 pour cent de ladite surface utile dudit au moins un orifice d'aval.
  4. Carburateur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit au moins un orifice d'amont est positionné prés du corps du carburateur formant l'étranglement.
  5. Carburateur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit au moins un orifice d'aval englobe un deuxième orifice d'aval (40, 42 ou 44).
  6. Carburateur selon la revendication 5, dans lequel lesdits premier et deuxième orifices d'aval ont une position moyenne centrée par rapport audit étranglement.
  7. Carburateur selon la revendication 5, dans lequel ledit au moins un orifice d'aval englobe un troisième orifice d'aval (40, 42 ou 44).
  8. Carburateur selon la revendication 7, dans lequel ledit premier orifice d'aval est centré par rapport audit étranglement, lesdits deuxième et troisième orifices d'aval étant espacés de façon égale sur les côtés opposés dudit premier orifice d'aval.
  9. Carburateur selon la revendication 7, dans lequel ledit au moins un orifice d'amont comprend en outre un deuxième orifice d'amont, une surface utile combinée desdits premier et deuxième orifices d'amont représentant moins d'environ 50 pour cent d'une surface utile combinée desdits premier, deuxième et troisième orifices d'aval.
  10. Carburateur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit injecteur de carburant comprend en outre une partie de base (34), clavetée en vue d'un ajustement dans ledit corps du carburateur dans une orientation distincte.
  11. Carburateur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit injecteur de carburant comprend en outre:
       un corps englobant des première (34, 84, 104, 114 ou 124) et deuxièmes (36, 82, 102, 112 ou 122) pièces distinctes, ledit corps comportant une première extrémité ouverte et une deuxième extrémité fermée par ladite première pièce.
EP97902962A 1996-04-02 1997-01-22 Carburateur a injecteur de carburant Expired - Lifetime EP0891485B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US62773796A 1996-04-02 1996-04-02
PCT/US1997/000684 WO1997037120A1 (fr) 1996-04-02 1997-01-22 Carburateur a injecteur de carburant
US627737 2000-07-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0891485A1 EP0891485A1 (fr) 1999-01-20
EP0891485B1 true EP0891485B1 (fr) 2000-08-16

Family

ID=24515922

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97902962A Expired - Lifetime EP0891485B1 (fr) 1996-04-02 1997-01-22 Carburateur a injecteur de carburant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0891485B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11506519A (fr)
CA (1) CA2247866C (fr)
DE (1) DE69702840T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997037120A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022250549A1 (fr) * 2021-05-25 2022-12-01 Rommel Bernardo Buse de carburant unidirectionnelle pour améliorer l'atomisation du carburant dans un carburateur ou un appareil similaire

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8333366B2 (en) * 2010-03-08 2012-12-18 Briggs & Stratton Corporation Carburetor including one-piece fuel-metering insert

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB148507A (en) * 1916-10-27 1921-10-10 Jean Ferdinand Michel Bocchi Improvements in carburetters
FR555986A (fr) * 1922-09-13 1923-07-10 éjecteur pulvérisateur à vide pour appareils d'alimentation de moteurs à explosions
FR26901E (fr) * 1922-09-28 1924-03-20 éjecteur pulvérisateur à vide pour appareils d'alimentation des moteurs à explosions
GB224719A (en) * 1923-11-14 1924-11-20 Henry Frederick Rae Improvements in spray carburetters
US1707350A (en) * 1924-01-21 1929-04-02 Clarence V Elliott Carburetor
FR626943A (fr) * 1926-12-31 1927-09-22 Perfectionnements aux carburateurs
FR961987A (fr) * 1938-12-30 1950-05-26
FR1081900A (fr) * 1953-05-11 1954-12-23 Solex Perfectionnements apportés aux dispositifs de carburation pour moteurs à combustion interne
US2986381A (en) * 1959-09-08 1961-05-30 Acf Ind Inc Carburetor for internal combustion engines
FR2299521A1 (fr) * 1975-02-03 1976-08-27 Peugeot & Renault Dispositif de correction de richesse pour carburateurs
DE8812554U1 (de) * 1988-10-05 1988-11-17 Proizvodstvennoe Ob"edinenie Leningradskij Armaturno-Karbjuratornyj Zavod Imeni V.V. Kujbyševa, Leningrad Vergaser für einen kurbelkastengespülten Zweitaktmotor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022250549A1 (fr) * 2021-05-25 2022-12-01 Rommel Bernardo Buse de carburant unidirectionnelle pour améliorer l'atomisation du carburant dans un carburateur ou un appareil similaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69702840D1 (de) 2000-09-21
WO1997037120A1 (fr) 1997-10-09
EP0891485A1 (fr) 1999-01-20
DE69702840T2 (de) 2001-01-25
JPH11506519A (ja) 1999-06-08
CA2247866C (fr) 2005-03-29
CA2247866A1 (fr) 1997-10-09

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