Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M149/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
  • C10M149/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M149/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
  • C10M129/86—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
  • C10M129/95—Esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
  • C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M149/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
  • C10M149/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M149/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a nitrogen-containing hetero ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M151/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
  • C10M151/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/086—Imides [having hydrocarbon substituents containing less than thirty carbon atoms]
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
  • C10M2215/26—Amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
  • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2217/024—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2217/028—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a nitrogen-containing hetero ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2217/046—Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2221/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2221/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions of monomers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
  • C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
  • C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
  • C10N2040/253—Small diesel engines

Definitions

• the present invention concerns a lubricant for use in diesel engines, including passenger car and heavy duty commercial diesel engines.
• Diesel engines produce soot as a by-product of the combustion process.
• the soot increases the viscosity of lubricants used in the diesel engines and eventually the lubricants become too thick to be workable.
• the soot therefore reduces the working life of the lubricants, and money and time are wasted in early replacement ofthe unworkable lubricant.
• the soot also causes wear of the diesel engines, which reduces their working life.
• Lubricants currently on the market for diesel engines typically comprise: 65-80% by weight of base oil; 5-15% by weight of viscosity index improver(s) (VII); and 10-22% by weight of a detergent inhibitor (Dl) package.
• the viscosity index improver(s) (VII) may be a non-dispersant viscosity index improver (NDVII) and/ or a dispersant viscosity index improver (DVII).
• NDVII non-dispersant viscosity index improver
• DVII dispersant viscosity index improver
• One function of the detergent inhibitor (Dl) package is to provide a dispersant to disperse the soot and thereby prevent soot related viscosity increase of the lubricant and wear on the engine.
• VI viscosity index improver(s) used in the lubricant, e.g. whether it is a NDVII or a DVII, will affect the choice and amount of dispersant, which is provided by the detergent inhibitor package (Dl), present in the lubricant.
• Dl detergent inhibitor package
• the choice and amount of Dl package is normally chosen to provide approximately at least: a) 6% dispersant(s) in the finished lubricant when using a non-dispersant viscosity index improving agent (NDVII); or b) 4% dispersant(s) in the finished lubricant when using a traditional dispersant viscosity index improving agent (DVII), such as those available prior to approximately
• NDVII non-dispersant viscosity index improving agent
• DVII dispersant viscosity index improving agent
• it is possible to increase the amount of soot that is dispersed by a lubricant by increasing the amount of dispersant, which is provided by the detergent inhibitor (Dl) package, present in the lubricant increasing the amount of dispersant can cause the following negative effects: it can increase the wear on the engine by interfering with the anti-wear additives in the formulation; it can cause damage to seals in contact with the lubricant; it negatively impacts low temperature viscometrics; and it
• the inventors of the present invention are therefore concerned with the problem of increasing the amount of soot that is dispersed by a lubricant without increasing the amount of dispersant, which is normally provided by the detergent inhibitor (Dl) package, present in the finished lubricant.
• the inventors are also concerned with the problem of controlling soot related viscosity increase with lower levels of dispersant, which is normally provided by the Dl package, than conventionally used by those skilled in the art.
• a lubricant in a diesel engine to disperse soot produced by the diesel engine, the soot being dispersed without adversely affecting the viscosity of the lubricant;
• the lubricant comprising a dispersant and a functionalised viscosity index improver;
• the functionalised viscosity index improver comprising a highly functionalised graft copolymer reaction product of an oxygen, a nitrogen, or an oxygen and a nitrogen containing, ethylenically unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic monomer having from 2 to about 50 carbon atoms grafted on to a polyolefin copolymer.
• a method of controlling viscosity changes of a lubricant in a diesel engine that are caused by build-up of soot comprising using the lubricant defined above as the lubricant in the diesel engine.
• the inventors have found a lubricant that allows an increased amount of soot to be dispersed without increasing the amount of dispersant, which is normally provided by the detergent inhibitor (Dl), present in the lubricant.
• the inventors have also found a highly functionalised graft copolymer, which, when incorporated into a lubricant, allows the lubricant to disperse soot produced as a by-product of a diesel engine without adversely affecting the viscosity of the lubricant.
• the lubricants of the present invention can comprise lower than conventional amounts (e.g. 4% or less) of dispersant, which is normally provided by the detergent inhibitor (Dl), and still meet the current industry soot handling tests for passenger car and heavy duty commercial diesel engines.
• dispersant which is normally provided by the detergent inhibitor (Dl)
• Dl detergent inhibitor
• Highly functionalised graft copolymers suitable for use in the present invention may be prepared using either a solution grafting process or a melt grafting process.
• Preferred solution graft copolymers suitable for use in the present invention are disclosed in WO 96/12746, which was published on 2nd May 1996. The whole contents of WO 96/12746 are expressly incorporated into this patent application by reference thereto.
• Other suitable graft copolymers may be prepared by grafting maleic anhydride on to the polyolefin copolymer and reacting the resulting succinic anhydride with an appropriate nitrogen containing moiety such as polyamine.
• Polyolefins grafted to the appropriate level may be prepared by following the practices disclosed in, for example, US-A-4,144,181 ; US-A-4,507,515; US-A-4,557,847; US-A-4,632,769; US-A-4,693,838; US-A-4,707,285; and US-A-5,350,532.
• Suitable solution graft copolymers may be comprised of Mannich Base condensates.
• WO 96/12746 discloses the reaction materials and reaction conditions that are needed to produce a preferred graft copolymer for use in the present invention.
• this document discloses the reaction materials and the reaction conditions that are needed to produce the graft copolymer reaction product and the viscosity index improving agent which can be used in the preferred lubricant of the present invention.
• WO 96/12746 discloses: examples of preferred polyolefins that are suitable for use as a backbone for grafting; preferred graftable monomers that are suitable for being grafted on to the polyolefin backbone; and preferred initiators, solvents and inhibitors that are suitable for the grafting reaction.
• WO 96/12746 also discloses suitable melt reaction conditions for producing the preferred grafted polyolefin by a melt reaction process.
• WO 96/12746 also discloses test methods for determining: the proportions of nitrogen on the grafted copolymer and the process fluid (assuming the reaction is carried out in a process solvent); the amount of residual unreacted graftable monomer in a graft copolymer; the dispersancy of the graft copolymer; the UV/RI ratio; and the aromatic content of solvent or process fluid used in the solution grafting reactions
• WO 96/12746 the whole contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference thereto, also discloses details of the preferred: base oils; graft copolymers; non-grafted polyolefins; other dispersants; detergents; anti-wear agents; anti-oxidants; pour point depressants; and minor ingredients
• a preferred melt grafted copolymer for use in the present invention is PARATONE 8500, available from Exxon Chemical Company.
• US-A-5,427,702 also discloses suitable melt grafted copolymers for use in the present invention.
• WO 96/12746 also discloses details of melt grafted copolymers for use in the present invention
• graft copolymer reaction product we preferably mean a graft copolymer reaction product that has at least 13 mole percent (based on a polymer having a molecular weight of 100,000) of monomer grafted on to the polyolefin copolymer. More preferably, about 20 to 30 mole percent or greater of monomer is grafted on to the polyolefin copolymer.
• the highly functionalised graft copolymer reaction product preferably has either a) an ADT value of at least 8, more preferably at least 16, when it has been prepared using a solution grafting process; or b) an ADT value of at least 1 when it has been prepared using a melt grafting process
• the ADT test is a method developed by The Rohm & Haas Company for determining the dispersancy of grafted dispersant polyolefins. Details of the test method can be found in the WO 96/12746, which was published on 2nd May 1996.
• the highly functionalised graft copolymer preferably has the property of increasing the viscosity index of a lubricating base oil stock by at least 20 points when present at a level of 1% by weight of solids in the base oil stock.
• the highly functionalised graft copolymer preferably comprises at least one of the following monomers grafted on to the polymer backbone:
• the highly functionalised graft copolymer preferably comprises at least 1.2% by weight of N-vinylimidazole, grafted on to the polymer backbone.
• the highly functionalised graft copolymer preferably comprises at least 1.2% by weight of suitable grafted monomers such as succinic anhydride or acid functionality such as fumaric acid which, after functionalizing the polymer backbone, is derivatised with morpholines, tetra pentamine, triethyl tetramine or other suitable amines or nitrogen containing moieties.
• the highly functionalised graft copolymer reaction product preferably comprises a graft copolymer backbone having a weight average molecular weight of from 20,000 to 500,000 and a poiydispersivity of less than 10.
• the lubricating oil preferably comprises: lubricant base stock(s) (mineral, synthetic and mixtures thereof); a detergent inhibitor (Dl) package; and the highly functionalised graft copolymer defined above.
• lubricant base stock(s) mineral, synthetic and mixtures thereof
• Dl detergent inhibitor
• VI standard commercial viscosity index improver
• the lubricating oil preferably comprises:
• D from 1 % to 20% by weight of a detergent inhibitor (Dl) package.
• the lubricant preferably comprises: from 0.1 % to less than 10%, preferably from 0.2% to less than 7% by weight, more preferably from 0.2% to less than 4%, even more preferably from 0.2% to less than 2% by weight, of dispersant, which is normally provided by the Dl package.
• the lubricant may comprise the usual optional additives such as detergents, extreme pressure antiwear inhibitors, oxidation inhibitors, rust inhibitors, friction modifiers, foam inhibitors and other minor additives. Suitable additives can be found in WO 96/12746.
• WO 96/12746 discloses the details of the highly functionalised graft copolymers that are suitable for use in the present invention to disperse the soot in diesel engines.
• the person skilled in the art should therefore read the present application in conjunction with WO 96/12746 and incorporate the whole contents of the document into the present patent application.
• WO 96/12746 discloses: specific examples of laboratory preparations of preferred grafted polyolefins; specific examples of pilot plant preparations of preferred graft copolymers; a specific example of a pilot plant preparation of a comparative graft copolymer; specific examples of preparations of preferred graft copolymers and a comparative graft copolymer; and specific examples of preparation of a preferred graft copolymer by extrusion.
• US-A-5,427,702 also provides details for the preparation of preferred graft copolymers by extrusion. The person skilled in the art is therefore directed to WO 96/12746 and US-A-5,427,702.
• the BMW TDS test was carried out using a new type M51 engine for each series of tests.
• the engine was a 2.5 litre, 6 cylinder, turbocharged and intercooled indirect injection diesel engine.
• the engine was adapted for engine test bed operation. The modifications were made to the fuel system, the oil cooling system and the engine cooling system.
• the detergent inhibitor (Dl) package was constant, with the exception of the type and amount of dispersant present.
• a 15W50 oil was blended in Exxon base stocks with a NDVII (an unfunctinnalised olefin copolymer, Paratone 8002, available from Exxon Chemical Company).
• the level of dispersant (LZ6420, available from Lubrizol Corp.) present in the lubricant formulation was 6.5%.
• Example A1 As for Example A1 except that the dispersant level was reduced to 1.5% in the finished lubricant and over half of the NDVII was replaced with a highly functionalised graft copolymer (0.88% weight by solids).
• the highly functionalised graft copolymer was the graft copolymer prepared in Example 10 of WO 96/12746.
• Example A2 The results from Examples A1 and A2 were very similar, despite the fact that the level of dispersant in the finished lubricant was 6.5% in Example A1 but only 1.5% in Example A2.
• Test ends at 80 hours plus the power curve time (approx. 25 mins) plus the oil levelling times.
• the XUD11 ATE engine test (CEC L-56-T-95) is a recently established European test for determining the ability of a lubricant to control viscosity changes caused by soot that is produced as a by-product from the combustion process of modern passenger car diesel engines.
• the XUD11 ATE engine test is an integral part of the Association des Constructeurs Europeens D'Automobiles European Oil Sequences For Light Duty Diesel Engines.
• the test also evaluates sludge and piston cleanliness.
• a critical parameter is the viscosity increase in the lubricant at 3.0% soot in oil. The required level of soot must be achieved before the end of the test.
• a formulation similar to A2 was assessed in the XUD11 ATE test as a 15W50 in BP stocks.
• the highly functionalised graft copolymer was PARATONE 8500 (available from Exxon Chemical Company) at 0.88% solids, with an additional 5% of NDVII (PARATONE 8002, an unfunctionalised olefin copolymerj to adjust the viscometrics.
• the Dl package treat rate was 7.07%, which gave a dispersant level in the finished lubricant of 1.75%.
• the dispersant used in this Example was TLA1605X, available from The Texaco Additive Company.
• the test results meet the European ACEA B2-96 requirements for this engine test.
• the viscosity increase at 3% soot was 182.8%, the piston merit 43.2 and the sludge rating was 9.50.
• the test results meet the European ACEA B2-96 requirements for this engine test.
• the viscosity increase at 3% soot was 195.1%, the piston merit 51.8 and the sludge rating was 9.57.
• lubricant comprising the highly functionalised graft copolymer controls the soot related viscosity increase and allows the lubricant to meet the industry specification at unexpectedly low dispersant treat rates (1.75%).
• the Mack T8 engine test is an established test for determining the ability of a lubricant to control viscosity changes caused by soot that is produced as a by-product from the combustion process of modern heavy duty truck diesel engines.
• the Mack T8 engine test is an integral part of the American Petroleum Institute's CG4 lubricant specification for on-highway trucks.
• the test also evaluates sludge and oil consumption.
• the critical parameter is the viscosity increase in the lubricant at 3.8% soot in oil, measured by Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The required level of soot may be achieved before the end of the test (250 hours). At the end of the test, the soot and viscosity increase are measured. These measurements are used as a measure of oil performance.
• Test Conditions Duration, hrs 250 at full load
• Viscosity increases from used oil in analysis are measured. Test method also stipulates max. oil consumption of 0.0005 Ibs/BHP/hr.
• a 15w40 was blended in Sun HPO Group 2 base stocks with a NDVII (an unfunctionalised olefin copolymer, Paratone 8011 , available from Exxon Chemical Company)
• the level of dispersant used in the lubricant formulation was 4%.
• Example C2 shows good viscosity control throughout the test.
• the average soot particle size is maintained at a relatively low value, which accounts for the lower viscosity increase.
• Example C2 also shows better sludge control

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)

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• 1996
  • 1996-06-12 GB GBGB9612278.3A patent/GB9612278D0/en active Pending
• 1997
  • 1997-06-10 DE DE69724615T patent/DE69724615T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-06-10 AU AU30414/97A patent/AU729492B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1997-06-10 JP JP10501347A patent/JP2000512668A/ja active Pending
  • 1997-06-10 BR BR9709571A patent/BR9709571A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-06-10 WO PCT/GB1997/001556 patent/WO1997047709A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1997-06-10 AT AT97925182T patent/ATE248903T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-06-10 TR TR1998/02568T patent/TR199802568T2/xx unknown
  • 1997-06-10 MY MYPI97002581A patent/MY120935A/en unknown
  • 1997-06-10 EP EP97925182A patent/EP0907698B1/de not_active Revoked
  • 1997-06-11 ZA ZA9705163A patent/ZA975163B/xx unknown
  • 1997-06-12 AR ARP970102555A patent/AR007562A1/es active IP Right Grant
  • 1997-07-11 TW TW086109764A patent/TW476787B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation

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