Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
  • C10M129/86—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
  • C10M129/92—Carboxylic acids
  • C10M129/94—Carboxylic acids having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
  • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
  • C10M129/68—Esters
  • C10M129/72—Esters of polycarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
  • C10M129/86—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
  • C10M129/92—Carboxylic acids
  • C10M129/93—Carboxylic acids having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/123—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms polycarboxylic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C10M2207/142—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings polycarboxylic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/22—Acids obtained from polymerised unsaturated acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
  • C10N2040/042—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for automatic transmissions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
  • C10N2040/044—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for manual transmissions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
  • C10N2040/046—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for traction drives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids

Definitions

• This invention relates to a lubricating oil composition, and more specifically to a lubricating oil composition having high torque capacity and excellent judder vibration preventing performance and suited for use in automatic transmissions and continuously variable transmissions (of the belt, traction and like types) for automotive vehicles, each of which transmissions has a torque converter equipped with a lock-up clutch.
• the lock-up clutch is actuated only in a high vehicle speed range and is not used in a low vehicle speed range where engine torque varies considerably.
• the present inventors have found that the addition of a compound, which is composed of at least one cyclic dicarboxylic acid anhydride substituted by one or more specific alkyl or alkenyl groups, in an effective proportion to a lubricating base stock can provide a lubricating oil composition for an automatic or continuously variable transmission, which achieves a sufficient friction coefficient in a high sliding speed range while retaining lubricating oil properties required as a lubricating oil for the automatic or continuously variable transmission.
• a lubricating oil composition which comprises a lubricating base stock and a compound composed of at least one cyclic dicarboxylic acid anhydride substituted by one or more alkyl or alkenyl groups.
• the present invention as described above, relates to the lubricating oil composition comprising the lubricating base oil and the specific compound added thereto.
• the present invention includes the following lubricating oil compositions.
• Illustrative of the mineral oils are solvent-refined raffinates available by treating feed oils for lubricating oils, said feed oils having been derived from atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation of crude oils, with an aromatic extracting solvent such as phenol, furfural or N-methylpyrrolidone; hydrotreated oils available by contact of feed oils for lubricating oils with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrotreating catalyst under hydrotreatment conditions; isomerized oils available by contact of waxes with hydrogen in the presence of an isomerizing catalyst under isomerizing conditions; and lubricating oil fractions available by combining solvent refining steps with hydrotreating steps, isomerizing steps or the like.
• an aromatic extracting solvent such as phenol, furfural or N-methylpyrrolidone
• hydrotreated oils available by contact of feed oils for lubricating oils with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrotreating catalyst under hydrotreatment conditions
• isomerized oils available by contact of waxes with hydrogen in the presence of an isomerizing catalyst under iso
• one or more steps such as a dewaxing step, a hydrofinishing step and/or a clay treatment step can be adopted as desired in a usual manner.
• Specific examples of the mineral oils can include light neutral oil, medium neutral oil, heavy neutral oil, bright stock and the like.
• a base stock can be prepared by suitably blending two or more of them to meet required properties.
• Illustrative of the synthetic oils are poly( ⁇ -olefins), ⁇ -olefin oligomers, polybutene, alkylbenzenes, polyol esters, dibasic acid esters, polyoxyalkylene glycols, polyoxyalkylene glycol ethers, and silicone oils.
• the formula (2) represents alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted cyclohexyl-1,2-dicarboxylic acid anhydrides, in which the alkyl or alkenyl group(s) represented by R has 6 to 300 carbon atoms, with 8 to 120 carbon atoms being preferred.
• a carbon number smaller than 6 leads to a reduction in the solubility in lubricating oil and, on the other hand, a carbon number greater than 300 also results in a reduction in the solubility in lubricating oil.
• its molecular weight ranges from 80 to 4,200, preferably from 110 to 1,700.
• n is preferably an integer of from 1 to 2.
• the preferred position(s) of the substituent group(s) is the 4- or 5-position. wherein R represents an alkyl or alkenyl, m stands for an integer of from 1 to 4, and n stands for an integer of from 1 to 2.
• the formula (3) represents alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted 3,6-methylenecyclohexyl-1,2-dicarboxylic acid anhydrides, in which the alkyl or alkenyl group(s) represented by R has 6 to 300 carbon atoms, with 8 to 120 carbon atoms being preferred.
• a carbon number smaller than 6 leads to a reduction in the solubility in lubricating oil and, on the other hand, a carbon number greater than 300 also results in a reduction in the solubility in lubricating oil.
• its molecular weight ranges from 80 to 4,200, preferably from 110 to 1,700.
• the formula (4) represents alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted cyclic phthalic anhydrides, in which the alkyl or alkenyl group(s) represented by R has 6 to 300 carbon atoms, with 8 to 120 carbon atoms being preferred.
• a carbon number smaller than 6 leads to a reduction in the solubility in lubricating oil and, on the other hand, a carbon number greater than 300 also results in a reduction in the solubility in lubricating oil.
• its molecular weight ranges from 80 to 4,200, preferably from 110 to 1,700.
• n is preferably an integer from 1 to 2.
• the preferred position(s) of the substituent group(s) is the 4- or 5-position.
• the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention when used as an automatic or continuously variable transmission fluid, can exhibit a marked effect so that a friction coefficient is increased in a high sliding speed range.
• one or more friction-modifying compounds other than the alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted cyclic dicarboxylic acid anhydrides can also be added.
• friction-modifying compounds other than the alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted cyclic dicarboxylic acid anhydrides are molybdenum dithiophosphate, molybdenum dithiocarbamate, phosphates, phosphites, acid phosphate amine salts, fatty acids, higher alcohols, fatty acid esters, oil and fats, polyhydric alcohol esters, sorbitan esters, amine compounds, amide compounds, and imide compounds.
• These friction-modifiers can generally lower a friction of coefficient in the entire sliding speed range.
• these friction modifiers are combined with the alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride as an essential component for the present invention, they can be formed into such a composition as modifying friction to facilitate an increase in the friction coefficient in a high sliding speed range and also the provision of a positive gradient for the ⁇ -V characteristic without substantially lowering the friction coefficient in a low speed range.
• particularly preferred can be amide compounds and imide compounds, which can bring about significant friction characteristics improving effects when combined with the alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride.
• the above-described compound or compounds are added as an essential component to the lubricating base stock. It is also possible to add various additives - i.e., viscosity index improvers, pour-point depressants, metal detergents, oxidation inhibitors, antiwear agents, extreme pressure additives, metal deactivators, corrosion inhibitors, foam inhibitors, coloring matters and the like - as needed to extents not impairing the object of the present invention.
• additives i.e., viscosity index improvers, pour-point depressants, metal detergents, oxidation inhibitors, antiwear agents, extreme pressure additives, metal deactivators, corrosion inhibitors, foam inhibitors, coloring matters and the like - as needed to extents not impairing the object of the present invention.
• Illustrative of the pour-point depressants are generally ethylenevinyl acetate copolymers, condensates between chlorinated paraffins and naphthalene, condensates between chlorinated paraffins and phenol, polymethacrylates, and polyalkylstyrenes.
• polymethacrylates can be used preferably. They can be used generally in a proportion of from 0.01 to 5 wt.%.
• ashless dispersants are polyalkenylsuccinimides, polyalkenylsuccinamides, benzylamines, succinates, succinate-amides, and boron-containing ashless dispersants.
• polyalkenylsuccinimides polybutenylsuccinimide
• They can be used generally in a proportion of from 0.1 to 10 wt.%.
• metal detergents are the sulfonates, phenates, salicylates and phosphonates of Ca, Mg, Ba and the like. They can be used generally in a proportion of from 0.05 to 5 wt.%.
• antiwear agents are generally metal (Zn, Pb, Sb, Mo and the like) dithiophosphates, metal (Zn, Mo and the like) dithiocarbamates, metal (Pb and the like) naphthenoates, fatty acid metal (Pb and the like) salts, vulcanized oils and fats, sulfur compounds, boron compounds, phosphates, phosphites, and acid phosphate amine salts.
• phosphates and metal dithiophosphates can be used preferably. They can be used generally in a proportion of from 0.05 to 5 wt.%.
• metal deactivators are benzo ⁇ triazole, triazole derivatives, benzotriazole derivatives, and thiadiazole derivatives. They can be used generally in a proportion of from 0.001 to 3 wt.%.
• additives such as corrosion inhibitors, foam inhibitors, coloring matters and the like can also be used as needed in the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention.
• Preferred contents of the above-described various additives can be indicated as shown below in terms of proportions based on the whole weight of the composition.
• Preferred Content (wt.%) Content (wt. %) Viscosity index improver 4 - 30 3 - 35 Pour-point depressant 0.5 - 3 0.01 - 5 Ashless dispersant 0.1 - 5 0.1 - 10 Metal detergent 0.1 - 3 0.05 - 5 Oxidation inhibitor 0.1 - 3 0.05 - 5
• Extreme pressure additive 0.1 - 2 0.05 - 5 Metal deactivator 0.01 - 2 0.001 - 3
• the steel plate was fixed, and the friction plate was rotated under a preset load.
• the resulting torque was measured.
• a high friction coefficient is interpreted to provide a high torque capacity.
• the substituent group is an alkenyl group having a molecular weight of 4,500 and the alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride has a problem in the solubility in the lubricating oil (base stock) despite the high and good friction coefficient at the high sliding speed.
• the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention for an automatic or continuously variable transmission with a built-in torque converter equipped with a lock-up clutch has excellent property that it achieves a sufficient friction coefficient in a high sliding speed range in the automatic or continuously variable transmission.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

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Publications (2)

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Cited By (3)

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• 1997
  • 1997-12-25 JP JP9367204A patent/JPH11181460A/ja active Pending
• 1998
  • 1998-12-24 EP EP98124661A patent/EP0926224A3/fr not_active Withdrawn

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