EP0926439A2 - Chaudière à gaz - Google Patents

Chaudière à gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0926439A2
EP0926439A2 EP98124458A EP98124458A EP0926439A2 EP 0926439 A2 EP0926439 A2 EP 0926439A2 EP 98124458 A EP98124458 A EP 98124458A EP 98124458 A EP98124458 A EP 98124458A EP 0926439 A2 EP0926439 A2 EP 0926439A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
fired boiler
pipes
pipe
sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98124458A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0926439A3 (fr
Inventor
Renato Montini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE29722677U external-priority patent/DE29722677U1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP98124458A priority Critical patent/EP0926439A3/fr
Publication of EP0926439A2 publication Critical patent/EP0926439A2/fr
Publication of EP0926439A3 publication Critical patent/EP0926439A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/422—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element with outside means integral with the tubular element and inside means integral with the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F24H1/28—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
    • F24H1/287—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes with the fire tubes arranged in line with the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas-fired boiler which allows to meet the demand for sanitary hot water and for hot water for heating.
  • gas-fired boilers have the advantage that they do not require a gasometer which can be compared to a tank for the fuel oil or a boiler room and can instead be installed also in living spaces such as the kitchen.
  • Gas-fired boilers normally used in houses have a power range between approximately 9 and 25 kW.
  • the width of the modulation band is therefore only 1:3.
  • the energy demand for heating is usually much lower than 9 kW/h, while the energy demand for dispensing hot water is much higher and requires a power of approximately 20-25 kW/h.
  • High efficiency of the heat exchange between the hot combustion gases and the water is decisive for the good yield of a gas-fired boiler, in order to cope with the dispensing of hot water at its maximum power level.
  • conventional gas-fired boilers with a 1:3 modulation range turn on and off very often and can reach as many as approximately 3000 burner ignitions per year.
  • Every burner ignition in addition to constituting an energy loss, also produces much higher emissions of noxious substances than during continuous operation. These emissions of noxious substances which form during ignition are not taken into account during the monitoring of the noxious substances of gas-fired boilers. Due to environmental and energy-loss reasons, therefore, the number of burner ignitions should be minimized.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide an improved gas-fired boiler.
  • a gas-fired boiler which has: a firebox; a burner arranged at least partially in the firebox; a mixer located upstream of the burner and meant to supply a controlled gas-air mix; a flue gas-water heat exchanger arranged around the firebox; and a system of pipes for discharging the burnt gases or flue gas, characterized in that said mixer is adapted to ensure that the pressure of the gas-air mix remains constant regardless of the amount of mix supplied to the burner.
  • the gas-fired boiler according to the invention can therefore operate over a power range between 3.1 and 24.8 kW/h and therefore with a complete modulation within a modulation range of 1:8. Accordingly, instead of the 3000 ignitions that a burner must perform on the average in a year according to the state of the art, only approximately 300 burner ignitions per year are required. A modulation range of 1:8 cannot be achieved with conventional gas boilers.
  • the pressure of the gas and the pressure of the air are both kept constant.
  • the amount of gas and the amount of air are then changed synchronously with respect to each other depending on the required heating power.
  • the burner that is present in the gas-fired boiler according to the invention can have a cylindrical sleeve with a plurality of openings.
  • the cylindrical sleeve is preferably fitted in a suspended configuration. By virtue of said suspended mounting, the stresses caused by the heating of the sleeve are better absorbed.
  • the cylindrical sleeve can be fixed from the outside and from below by screwing onto the annular part which tapers downward.
  • the openings provided in the sleeve can be slots with a length of approximately 6 mm and a width of approximately 0.4 mm. Said slots can be formed advantageously in a groove-shaped recess of the skirt. In this case the recesses are directed outward.
  • the entire transverse cross-section of the openings of the slots is advantageous for the entire transverse cross-section of the openings of the slots to be equal to approximately 6-7% of the surface of the sleeve of the burner.
  • the transverse cross-section of the openings of the slots can be as little as approximately 2,500 square mm.
  • the cylindrical sleeve in this embodiment, has a height of approximately 164 mm.
  • a hot flue gas/water heat exchanger with high thermal efficiency which comprises:
  • said upper endplate is convex, while said lower endplate is concave with respect to the inside of the water vessel or boiler.
  • the heat exchanger provided in the gas-fired boiler according to the invention advantageously has burnt-gas pipes which are arranged in a radial pattern.
  • the burnt-gas pipes have mutually opposite recesses which produce narrower regions of the transverse cross-section of said pipes but give the pipes sufficient stability.
  • the burnt-gas pipes in the present embodiment are arranged parallel to each other.
  • the transverse cross-section of the pipes in the region that is not constricted by recesses resembles a very flat ellipse.
  • the burnt-gas pipes of the heat exchanger end with a common lower manifold.
  • Said manifold is to be connected to a system of burnt-gas discharge pipes or ducts by means of which the burnt gases are discharged externally.
  • the condensate formed therein can be made to exit preferably through a siphon which is meant to avoid bad odors.
  • FIG 1 illustrates a gas-fired boiler 10 which is connected to a burnt-gas exhaust system 12 which comprises a pipe 14, made for example of aluminum, which is integrated in a flue (not shown).
  • the burnt gases generated in the gas-fired boiler 10 are discharged through the burnt-gas pipe 14.
  • a burner 16 is kept suspended in a firebox 18 which is provided inside a heat exchanger 20.
  • the condensate that forms during the operation of the boiler 10 also accumulates in the manifold 24 and can be drained by means of a siphon 26 provided at the outlet of the manifold 24 to avoid bad odors.
  • the manifold 24 is connected to the pipe 14.
  • the burnt gases or flue gas formed in the firebox 18 thus flow through the various pipes 22 into the heat exchanger 20, collect in the manifold 24 and are discharged into the pipe 14.
  • a mixer 28 is provided above the firebox 18 and therefore above the burner 16; the gas supplied by means of a feeder pipe 30 and the air supplied by means of a feeder pipe 32 are mixed in said mixer.
  • the gas that is present in the mixer 28 has a constant pressure regardless of the amount of gas-air mix that is present in said device in each instance.
  • the pressure in the pipe 30 is kept constant between an upper limit value and a lower limit value.
  • the amount of incoming gas is instead variable according to the heating power of the device 10 required in each instance.
  • a third valve 40 is inserted downstream of the two valves 34 and 36 with respect to the direction of the gas stream.
  • the valve 40 is correspondingly adjusted by means of a regulator 42 which is connected by means of a pipe 44 to a nipple 46 for measuring the air pressure which measures the air pressure in an air chamber 48.
  • the air that arrives from the feeder pipe 32 is sent to the chamber 48 by means of a blower 49.
  • a high constant pressure is present in the chamber 48 as well, regardless of the position of the valve 50 arranged between the chamber 48 and the mixer 28.
  • the two valves 50 and 38 accordingly adjust the amount of air and gas that enters the mixer 28.
  • the pressure of the mix has a constant value regardless of the setting of the two valves 38 and 50.
  • the two extreme positions of the two valves 38 and 50 can be set by means of two limit switches 52 and 54 as a function of the minimum and maximum power of the boiler 10.
  • the constant gas pressure in the mixer 28 is monitored by a measurement nipple 58.
  • the firebox 18 and the burnt-gas pipes 22 are part of the heat exchanger 20 and are arranged in a seat or container 60 which is filled with water. If required, in the seat 60 a delivery pipe 62 leads to an external water heater by means of a three-way valve 61. In the central region of the seat 60 there is provided a return pipe 64 which is connected to the water heater. A delivery pipe 66 from the three-way valve 61 is directed to the heating bodies of a heating system, which are connected to the boiler 10. A return pipe 68 returns from the heating bodies and leads into the lower region of the seat 60. The amount of water directed to the three-way valve 61 is conveyed by means of a pump 70. A safety valve 72 and an air manifold 74 are connected upstream of the pump 70 with respect to the flow direction. From the air manifold 74, the air that is present in the pipe system can discharge externally through a quick vent 76.
  • the hot water preparation circuit arranged in the upper region of the seat 60, is used to take into account the need to usually give priority to the production of sanitary hot water with respect to the production of the amount of hot water required for the heating system.
  • the burner 16 can have a sleeve 80 which is closed in a downward region and delimits a cylindrical internal space.
  • the sleeve 80 is fixed, at its upper end, to a peripheral flange 82 which rests by means of a sealing ring 84 on the outer edge of a cone 86.
  • the cone 86 with its internal opening 88, which tapers downward in a transverse cross-section, protrudes into the region of the sleeve 80.
  • the outer upper edge 93 of the cone 86 which contains the screw holes 90 by means of which the flange 82 is anchored to the cone 86 with the gasket 84 interposed, is fixed to the upper edge of the seat 60.
  • each slot has, for example, a width 94 of 0.4 mm and a length (slot height) 96 of 6 mm.
  • the slots are parallel to each other and are provided in each instance in a groove 98 which cambers outward.
  • the sleeve 80 has a vertical extension 100 of 164 mm.
  • 1,020 slots with a total transverse open cross-section of 2,448 square mm.
  • the surface of the sleeve 80 measures 36,080 square mm with a height of the sleeve 80 of 164 mm and a circumference of the sleeve 80 of 220 mm.
  • the sleeve 80 is kept suspended from the flange 82. In practice there are no cambering stresses in the sleeve 80 caused by different heating conditions of the sleeve 80. Below the flange 82 there is provided a ceramic gasket 102 which seals the firebox 18 in an upward region.
  • the burnt-gas pipes 22 that are present in the heat exchanger 20, lead out of the firebox 18 and end in the manifold 24, are arranged in a radial pattern, as shown in Figure 5.
  • the burnt-gas pipes 22 can comprise pipes 22.1 and 22.2 which are smaller and larger in a transverse cross-section. Each one of said pipes has a transverse cross-section shaped like a flat ellipse.
  • the recesses 106 are mutually spaced and parallel to each other and are arranged vertically one above the other along the pipe 22.1, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the recesses 106, 110 are arranged in the pipe 22.1 in front of each other and reinforce the pipe.
  • recesses 112 are also provided in the larger burnt-gas pipe 22.2 on a longer side of the transverse cross-section 114 and correspondingly smaller recesses 116 are present in the other longer side wall 118 located in front of the side wall 114.
  • the recesses 112, 116 act, like the recesses 106, 110, as reinforcements for the pipes 22.2 and 22.1.
  • the pipe 22.2 has maximum transverse sectional dimensions of approximately 63 x 11 mm.
  • the smaller burnt-gas pipe 22.1 has maximum dimensions of approximately 50 x 11 mm.
  • the pipes 204 and the pipes 205 are arranged so as to be angularly equidistant at 45° to each other and together they cover substantially all the circular transverse cross-section of the boiler 60.
  • the pipes 203 are supported by, and fixed to, a lower endplate 206 and an upper endplate 207 which have a corresponding plurality of through openings 208, each of which is suitable to receive an end of a respective pipe 203 of which they reproduce the external configuration, which is preferably ellipsoidal.
  • the upper plate 207 is convex, while the lower plate 206 is concave with respect to the inside of the boiler 60.
  • the upper plate 207 constitutes the bottom of a vertical furnace 209 which is formed by a tubular body 210 which has a preferably corrugated side wall and is meant to accommodate the nozzle of a burner of any suitable type not shown in the drawings.
  • Said furnace 209 is entirely contained in the boiler 60 and is closed in an upward region by a cover 212 which has a central opening 213 for the passage of the nozzle.
  • the cover 212 comprises thermally insulating material 214 around the central opening 213 and a flanged upper portion 216 which abuts against a free edge 217 of the wall of the vessel or boiler 60.
  • the flanged portion 216 has through holes 218 which are angularly spaced and are meant to accommodate means, for example screws, for securing the heat exchanger unit 20 to a frame or supporting structure (not shown).
  • the lower plate 206 has a perimetric recess 219 which is concave toward the outside of the boiler 60 in order to form a seat 220 for abutment with the lower edge of the container 60 and on which at least one opening 221 is formed for the intake of cold water to be heated as well as an opening for the discharge of the water heated by the heat released by the hot flue gas.
  • the plate 206 has a flanged peripheral edge 222 which is meant to protrude with respect to the boiler 60 and is provided with slots 223 for fixing, by means of screws, to a lower flue gas manifold (not shown) which can be connected to a flue.
  • each pipe 203 has two opposite larger surfaces 224 and 225 which are affected by a sequence of closely spaced inward indents 226 at the larger surfaces 224 and 225, so as to delimit a convoluted internal path 229 for the hot combustion gases or flue gas.
  • each pipe 203 Proximate to each one of its longitudinal edges 227, each pipe 203 has a sequence of recesses or studs 228 which preferably have a circular perimeter and are arranged with the same spacing as the recesses 226 but are staggered with respect to them.
  • the recesses 228 increase the heat exchange surface with an equal space occupation and delimit an uneven internal opening 229 for the hot gases or flue gas.
  • each recess 228 helps to greatly attenuate resonances due to the passage of the pressurized flue gas inside the pipe 203, considerably reducing their noise.
  • ends 34 of the pipes 203 are oblique in order to adapt to the convexity of the upper plate 207 and to the concavity of the lower plate 206 in which they are meant to be inserted.
  • the convexity of the upper plate 207 is adapted to facilitate a natural circulation of the hot water and in particular of the steam bubbles that may have formed or transferred in the vicinity of the plate which, by being inclined or convex, makes said bubbles flow toward the upper part of the boiler 60 around the furnace 210, thus reducing any cavitation.
  • the concavity of the lower plate 206 is particularly adapted to collect and convey any condensate rich in corrosive compounds in order to drain it adequately by dripping at the external central protrusion 231 provided in the plate, in order to increase the life of said plate 206 and of the pipes 203 inside the boiler 60.
  • the radial arrangement of the pipes 203 allows to use a smaller number of pipes with an equal heat exchange, at the same time simplifying the production of the exchanger unit 20, which is also lighter.
  • the materials and the dimensions may be various according to requirements.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP98124458A 1997-12-23 1998-12-23 Chaudière à gaz Withdrawn EP0926439A3 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98124458A EP0926439A3 (fr) 1997-12-23 1998-12-23 Chaudière à gaz

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29722677U DE29722677U1 (de) 1997-12-23 1997-12-23 Gasbrennwertgerät
DE29722677U 1997-12-23
EP98830175 1998-03-24
EP98830175 1998-03-24
EP98124458A EP0926439A3 (fr) 1997-12-23 1998-12-23 Chaudière à gaz

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0926439A2 true EP0926439A2 (fr) 1999-06-30
EP0926439A3 EP0926439A3 (fr) 2000-07-12

Family

ID=27220048

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98124458A Withdrawn EP0926439A3 (fr) 1997-12-23 1998-12-23 Chaudière à gaz

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0926439A3 (fr)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001038814A1 (fr) * 1999-11-20 2001-05-31 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Echangeur thermique pour refroidir des gaz d'echappement et procede pour produire un tuyau pour un echangeur thermique
EP1398579A1 (fr) * 2002-09-05 2004-03-17 Thermital Spa Chaudière à condensation à haut rapport de modulation
US7316206B2 (en) 2005-04-20 2008-01-08 Aos Holding Company Water heater with noise attenuation
EP2175209A1 (fr) 2008-10-08 2010-04-14 Horst Wunsch Appareil de chauffage à valeur combustible
CN101118127B (zh) * 2006-07-31 2010-10-13 海尔集团公司 全预混冷凝式采暖热水两用装置
EP2101135A3 (fr) * 2008-03-10 2010-10-27 FERROLI S.p.A. Échangeur thermique en particulier pour des générateurs thermiques
WO2013048269A2 (fr) 2011-09-29 2013-04-04 Aic Sp. Z O.O. Échangeur de chaleur pour chaudière à condensation
CN105318542A (zh) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-10 银川艾尼工业科技开发有限公司 一种冷凝式燃气采暖热水炉
CN105571131A (zh) * 2014-10-13 2016-05-11 银川艾尼工业科技开发有限公司 一种电子控制燃气混合比的冷凝式燃气采暖热水炉
CN106415148A (zh) * 2014-04-22 2017-02-15 崔荣桓 具备循环导向机构的换热器
WO2017111636A1 (fr) 2015-12-21 2017-06-29 Aic S.A. Échangeur de chaleur à combustion
EP4151923A1 (fr) 2021-09-17 2023-03-22 AIC Spólka Akcyjna Chaudière
EP4143495A4 (fr) * 2020-04-27 2024-04-17 Rheem Manufacturing Company Chambre de combustion tronconique pour un dispositif de chauffage de fluide et ses procédés de fabrication

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2210830A (en) * 1939-03-29 1940-08-06 Phoenix Steel Boiler Works Inc Heating apparatus
JPS59202318A (ja) * 1983-04-28 1984-11-16 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd ガス燃焼制御装置
FR2593270B1 (fr) * 1986-01-22 1990-07-27 Etude Applic Gle Elements Meca Regulateur d'alimentation pour bruleur a gaz et sa combinaison avec un bruleur
US5881681A (en) * 1997-01-23 1999-03-16 Aerco International, Inc. Water heating system
DE4317981A1 (de) * 1993-05-28 1994-12-01 Ranco Inc Gas-Luft-Verhältnisregelvorrichtung für einen Temperaturregelkreis für Gasverbrauchseinrichtungen
IT241309Y1 (it) * 1996-07-26 2001-05-03 Montini Renato Gruppo scambiatore di calore tra fumi o gas caldi ed acqua.

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001038814A1 (fr) * 1999-11-20 2001-05-31 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Echangeur thermique pour refroidir des gaz d'echappement et procede pour produire un tuyau pour un echangeur thermique
EP1398579A1 (fr) * 2002-09-05 2004-03-17 Thermital Spa Chaudière à condensation à haut rapport de modulation
US7316206B2 (en) 2005-04-20 2008-01-08 Aos Holding Company Water heater with noise attenuation
CN101118127B (zh) * 2006-07-31 2010-10-13 海尔集团公司 全预混冷凝式采暖热水两用装置
EP2101135A3 (fr) * 2008-03-10 2010-10-27 FERROLI S.p.A. Échangeur thermique en particulier pour des générateurs thermiques
EP2175209A1 (fr) 2008-10-08 2010-04-14 Horst Wunsch Appareil de chauffage à valeur combustible
WO2013048269A2 (fr) 2011-09-29 2013-04-04 Aic Sp. Z O.O. Échangeur de chaleur pour chaudière à condensation
CN106415148A (zh) * 2014-04-22 2017-02-15 崔荣桓 具备循环导向机构的换热器
CN105318542A (zh) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-10 银川艾尼工业科技开发有限公司 一种冷凝式燃气采暖热水炉
CN105571131A (zh) * 2014-10-13 2016-05-11 银川艾尼工业科技开发有限公司 一种电子控制燃气混合比的冷凝式燃气采暖热水炉
WO2017111636A1 (fr) 2015-12-21 2017-06-29 Aic S.A. Échangeur de chaleur à combustion
EP4143495A4 (fr) * 2020-04-27 2024-04-17 Rheem Manufacturing Company Chambre de combustion tronconique pour un dispositif de chauffage de fluide et ses procédés de fabrication
EP4151923A1 (fr) 2021-09-17 2023-03-22 AIC Spólka Akcyjna Chaudière

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