Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
  • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
  • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
  • H05B3/46—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
  • F24C7/04—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy with heat radiated directly from the heating element
  • F24C7/043—Stoves
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
  • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
  • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
  • H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base

Definitions

• the invention concerns means for transforming electric current into heat and for diffusing it.
• Equipment and means for generating heat by electric current have been the subject of previous patents by the same inventor, in which high conductors of electricity, extremely thin but of considerable surface area, are used as generators, such as to permit diffusion of the heat immediately on production, of a low thermal leap compared with the envi- ronment, and therefore of high efficiency, low in cost and inexpensive to run.
• the above invention discloses tubular heating elements whose composition and structure can offer exceptional advantages from the aspects of production, weight, efficiency and bulk as will be explained below.
• Subject of the invention is an electric radiating tube, generator and diffuser of heat, and a process for obtaining said tube by means of entirely or partially superimposed spirally-wound bands.
• One or more of said bands is of electrically insulating material and one or more of highly conductive material, thickness being measured in microns with an extremely high ratio between surface area and thickness, of a constant cross section.
• At the ends of said tube are means of contact and connection for electric feed. Said means are joined to one or more of the electrically conducting bands.
• the spiralled bands can all be wound in the same direction or else one or some in one direction and one or some in the opposite direction. Width can be the same for all bands or different for some of them.
• Insulating bands are interposed between electrically conducting bands to avoid electric connection among electrically conducting bands.
• the two sets of two or more electrically conducting bands are electrically connected at one end of the tube, while said two sets are respectivelly connected, at the other end of said tube, to two contacts for electric feed.
• the tube is formed of an electrically conducting band and of a band of insulating material.
• the electrically conducting bands are preferably of copper or aluminium.
• Structure of the tube is advantageously modular or continuous and, as the case may be, have a round or differently shaped cross section; it may be straight and of unlimited length, in sections, circular or annular.
• Said electric tube may advantageously be inserted in electric apparatuses fitted to a ceiling, a wall or it may be portable and used to carry and electrically feed discharge lamps or glow lamps, to replace said lamps or be associated to them.
• the portable equipment has two opposing flat plates between which the electric tubes are fixed at right angles.
• a number of such tubes can be joined axially, structurally and electrically separate, or else a tube can be made in any length to form lines of electric heating.
• Such lines of electric heating can be suspended, on wires or on other means, to roofs or in any case at certain heights from the ground. This may be very advantageous inside a greenhouse for example.
• the tubes forming lines of electric heating are advantageously placed axially inside parabolic reflectors.
• the invention offers evident advantages By means of an extremely light tube produced by a simple rapid and low cost process, using matrials equally simple and inexpensive, electric generators can be obtained that radiate heat, at the same time diffusing it, and that permit a very wide range of applications bearing in mind the low temperature of said generators, their negligible weight and great adapt- ability to the most varied forms.
• Composition of portable, floor or ceiling based heating equipment becomes possible, practically for any use whether in small rooms or in spaces of any size. Being so light in weight it is a simple matter to fit them to a ceiling.
• the exceptionally pleasing appearance of the tubes, made so by the materials used to construct them, facilitates the formation of generators suitable for any and every application.
• the forms, sizes and electric feed values of the types of apparatus in which the electric generators of heat, subject of the present invention, can be placed also correspond to the supporting means for the well-known discharge or glow lamps.
• the contacts at the ends of said electric generators of heat can be formed so as to fit correctly onto the connections already present on existing pieces of equipment, or be replaced by simplified connections specifically for the electric contacts present at the ends of said electric generators of heat.
• the level of efficiency is very high partly because heat is diffused practically speaking at the time when it is produced and also because of the low thermal leap between heat generators and the environment.
• the tubes here invented permit the use of electricity for heating at an extremely low cost both because of the materials used and because of their negligible weight, as well as because of the high level of efficiency obtained.
• FIG.1 Perspective view of the process of making a four-band tube.
• Fig.2 Tubular electric body formed by the tube in Fig.1 , perspective view.
• Fig.3 Tubular electric body, obtained from a tube similar to that in Fig. 1 but of two bands, perspective view.
• Fig.4 Electric stove consisting of three vertical tubular bodies of different heights, perspective view.
• Fig.5 Electric apparatus, available on the market, for a discharge lamp, that uses the electric tubular body described above, in perspective.
• Fig.6 Ready made electric apparatus for discharge lamps, that uses the electric tubular body described above, with simplified contacts, in perspective.
• Fig.7 Electric heating line formed of the tubular bodies already described seen in perspective.
• Fig.8 Greenhouse with the heating lines seen in Fig. 7, perspective view.
• Fig. 1 there is a tube 10 being formed on a round core 1 1 using four bands 20, 21 ,22,23 that unwind each from its own reel.
• the bands lie superimposed one over another by about half their width, as seen in the figure.
• Bands 20 and 22 are of electrically insulating plastic material while bands 21 and 22 are of aluminium.
• the tube possesses structural continuity along its entire length and also continuous electric conduction if the ends of the aluminium bands are closed in an electric circuit. Closure of the electric circuit between the aluminium bands can produce electric heating, temperature and power of which can be adjusted at will by choosing suitable parameters both dimensional and in relation to the electric current supplied, especially voltage and amperage.
• Fig. 2 shows an electric radiating tube 30, formed of a length of the tube 10 in Fig. 1 , at whose ends two electrically insulating plastic end pieces or heads 31 , 40 have been applied.
• the head 31 is applied to the tube, into one of whose ends it is fitted, having at its centre a stable connection with a U-shaped copper spring 32 whose arms 33, 34 form terminals 35, 36 and whose external shape substantially matches with the inner wall of the radiating tube 30. Length of the arms 33, 34 is such that, in view of the inclination of the spiral formed by the bands 20, 21 , 22 and 23, contact is made between the terminal 35 and the aluminium band 21 and between terminal 36 and the band 23 also of aluminium.
• the head piece 40 fitted into the other end of the tube 30, has elastic L- shaped contacts 41 , 42 respectively fixed to the head 40 by pins 43, 44.
• Fig. 3 shows an electric radiating tube 50 substantially similar to the tube 30 described above, except that it is made from only two bands.
• the band 51 is of insulating material and the band 52 of metal, especially aluminium.
• Said springs have a terminal piece 60 externally shaped to match with the internal cylindrical wall of the tubular body 50.
• Inclination of the band 52 and length of said springs 58 and 59 are such that electrical continuity is created between pin 56 and pin 57. Therefore, by inserting the radiating tube 50 in an apparatus which has two opposing sockets, suitable for supporting and housing pins 56, 57 with electric contact, an electric circuit can be closed with said tubular body so that heat is generated and diffused as in the case of radiating tube 30.
• Radiating tubes 30 and 50 therefore permit formation of electric generators, of any shape and size and for any application, capable of radiating heat.
• Fig, 4 shows a stove 70 standing on an insulating base 71 fixed to a shaped spacer 72 provided with three electric sockets, not indicated in the figure for simplicity, which sockets can receive pairs of plugs 75 from the radiating tubes 80, 81 , 82 of different lengths but of the same diameter, made using four bands 20-23, substantially identical with the tubular body 30 in Figure 2.
• the only differences consist in the lengths, in the presence of semi- spherical heads 85 and in the parabolical walls 86 behind each tubular body placed to facilitate radiation of heat.
• Fig. 5 illustrates a ready-made apparatus 100 to be ceiling mounted, built for an ordinary discharge lamp fed through the sockets 101 at each end.
• the bands, 108 of aluminium and 109 insulating, can be seen forming the tubular body 105.
• the aluminium band is electrically connected to the end head 107.
• the apparatus 110 in Figure 6 is practically the same as the one 100 already described, the only difference being that the electric sockets 11 1 at the ends are simplfied having only the elastic springs 112.
• Said springs 112 can make contact with the end sockets 122 on the radiating tube 120, substantially identical with the radiating tube 30 already described, except that the heads 121 are connected internally to both the metal bands.
• Fig.7 shows a heating line 130 comprising a radiating tube 131 with heads 132, said line being formed of four bands, very similar to the tubular body 30 described earlier, but of considerable length supported at the two ends by sockets, like 133, applied to a parabolic channel 140 that is easily hung from the ceiling by the rods 141.
• the electric cable 145 is one of those supplying electricity. As the parts of said line are of negligible weight, both as regards the parabolic channel and the tubular body 131 , this is an extremely rational application, easy to mount and of minimum bulk, suitable where exceptional lengths are required, avoiding all problems of a structural or functional nature.
• Fig. 8 shows how a set of heating lines 130, as described, can be used in a greenhouse 150, mounted to the ceiling 151 by rods like 152 and 153.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Resistance Heating (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=11374998

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

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• 1996
  • 1996-10-08 IT IT96MI002077A patent/IT1285481B1/it active IP Right Grant
  • 1996-12-16 DE DE69612306T patent/DE69612306D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-12-16 AT AT96941820T patent/ATE200173T1/de active
  • 1996-12-16 WO PCT/IT1996/000252 patent/WO1998016087A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1996-12-16 AU AU11094/97A patent/AU1109497A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1996-12-16 EP EP96941820A patent/EP0931434B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-12-20 TW TW085115754A patent/TW381406B/zh active

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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