EP0931434B1 - Tube electronique rayonnant, generateur et diffuseur de chaleur, a bandes spiralees isolantes et tres conductrices - Google Patents

Tube electronique rayonnant, generateur et diffuseur de chaleur, a bandes spiralees isolantes et tres conductrices Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0931434B1
EP0931434B1 EP96941820A EP96941820A EP0931434B1 EP 0931434 B1 EP0931434 B1 EP 0931434B1 EP 96941820 A EP96941820 A EP 96941820A EP 96941820 A EP96941820 A EP 96941820A EP 0931434 B1 EP0931434 B1 EP 0931434B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric
bands
generating
radiating tube
heat radiating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96941820A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0931434A1 (fr
Inventor
Aldo Stabile
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Cadif SRL
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Cadif SRL
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/46—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
    • F24C7/04—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy with heat radiated directly from the heating element
    • F24C7/043—Stoves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base

Definitions

  • the invention concerns means for transforming electric current into heat and for diffusing it.
  • Diffusers have therefore to be used with these resistances to adapt their temperatures to the requirements of the various appliances, possibly involving high thermal heads .
  • the high temperatures in the resistances require both special supports made of heavy but fragile materials such as ceramic and the like, as well as complex structures for heat insulation.
  • patent FR A 1 448 060 discloses an electrically insulating tube, very thick and consequently heavy, around which a band of closely meshed resistive metal is wound. Over this band, an electrically insulating band can be laid.
  • Apparatus and processes for generating heat by electric current have been subject of previous patents by the same inventor, use as generators high conductors of electricity, extremely thin but of considerable,surface area, such as to permit diffusion of the heat immediately on production, of a low thermal leap compared with the environment, and therefore of high efficiency, inexpensive to run and to manufacture.
  • the above invention discloses tubular heating elements whose composition and structure can offer exceptional advantages from the aspects of production, weight, efficiency and bulk as will be explained below.
  • Subject of the invention is an electric radiating tube, generator and diffuser of heat, and a process for obtaining said tube by means of entirely or partially superimposed spirally-wound bands.
  • One or more of said bands is of highly electrically conductive material with an extremely high ratio between surface area and thickness, of a constant cross section. Between said bands of highly conductive material, bands of electrically insulating material are inserted.
  • At the ends of said tube are means of contact and connection for electric feed.
  • Said means are joined to the electrically conducting bands.
  • the spiralled bands can all be wound in the same direction or else one or some in one direction and one or some in the opposite direction.
  • Width can be the same for all bands or different for some of them.
  • the two sets of two or more electrically conducting bands are electrically connected at one end of the tube, while said two sets are respectivelly connected, at the other end of said tube, to two contacts for electric feed.
  • the tube is formed of an electrically conducting band and of a band of insulating material.
  • the electrically conducting bands are preferably of copper or aluminium.
  • Structure of the tube is advantageously modular or continuous and, as the case may be, have a round or differently shaped cross section; it may be straight and of unlimited length, in sections, circular or annular.
  • Said electric tube may advantageously be inserted in electric apparatus fitted to a ceiling, a wall or it may be portable and used to carry and electrically feed discharge lamps or glow lamps, to replace said lamps or be associated to them.
  • said electric tube presents a diameter of 2-3 cm, a temperature of 100-200°C, a voltage of 12-220V.
  • One or more units of said electric tube can advantageously be inserted in specially prepared electric equipment which may be portable, floor or table based or fixed to a wall or ceiling.
  • the portable equipment has a flat base to stand on the floor or on a table, to which base one of more of said tubes can be applied at right angles.
  • the portable equipment has two opposing flat plates between which the electric tubes are fixed at right angles.
  • a number of such tubes can be joined axially, structurally and electrically separate, or else a tube can be made in any length to form lines of electric heating.
  • Such lines of electric heating can be suspended, on wires or on other means, to roofs or in any case at certain heights from the ground. This may be very advantageous inside a greenhouse for example.
  • the tubes forming lines of electric heating are advantageously placed axially inside parabolic reflectors.
  • Composition of portable, floor or ceiling based heating equipment becomes possible, practically for any use whether in small rooms or in spaces of any size.
  • the forms, sizes and electric feed values of the types of apparatus in which the electric generators of heat, subject of the present invention, can be placed also correspond to the supporting means for the well-known discharge or glow lamps.
  • the contacts at the ends of said electric generators of heat can be formed so as to fit correctly onto the connections already present on existing pieces of equipment, or be replaced by simplified connections specifically for the electric contacts present at the ends of said electric generators of heat.
  • the level of efficiency is very high partly because heat is diffused practically speaking at the time when it is produced and also because of the low thermal leap between heat generators and the environment.
  • the tubes here invented permit the use of electricity for heating at an extremely low cost both because of the materials used and because of their negligible weight, as well as because of the high level of efficiency obtained.
  • Fig. 1 there is a tube 10 being formed on a round core 11 using four bands 20, 21,22,23 that unwind each from its own reel 25.
  • the bands lie superimposed one over another by about half their width, as seen in the figure.
  • Bands 20 and 22 are of electrically insulating plastic material while bands 21 and 23 are of aluminium.
  • All the bands 20-23 are in fact very thin, especially those of aluminium whose thickness is measured in microns.
  • the tube possesses structural continuity along its entire length and also continuous electric conduction if the ends of the aluminium bands are closed in an electric circuit.
  • Closure of the electric circuit between the aluminium bands can produce electric heating, temperature and power of which can be adjusted at will by choosing suitable parameters both dimensional and in relation to the electric current supplied, especially voltage and amperage.
  • the ratio between width and length of the metal bands and their thickness is similarly decisive for generation of heat, and at the same time its radiation and diffusion, in the environment with practically no need for special reflecting devices or means of support for high temperatures.
  • a feature of the tube described is in fact that of diffusing heat throughout the environment practically when produced, needing no special devices.
  • Fig. 2 shows an electric radiating tube 30, formed of a length of the tube 10 in Fig. 1, at whose ends two electrically insulating plastic end pieces or heads 31, 40 have been applied.
  • the head 31 is applied to the tube, into one of whose ends it is fitted, having at its centre a stable connection with a U-shaped copper spring 32 whose arms 33, 34 form terminals 35, 36 and whose external shape substantially matches with the inner wall of the radiating tube 30.
  • Length of the arms 33, 34 is such that, in view of the inclination of the spiral formed by the bands 20, 21, 22 and 23, contact is made between the terminal 35 and the aluminium band 21 and between terminal 36 and the band 23 also of aluminium.
  • the head piece 40 fitted into the other end of the tube 30, has elastic L-shaped contacts 41, 42 respectively fixed to the head 40 by pins 43, 44.
  • These elastic contacts 41, 42 are substantially identical with arms 33, 34 of the U-shaped spring 32 and the external shape of terminals 45, 46 substantially matches with the internal wall of the tubular body 30.
  • inclination of the bands 20-23 and the length of said elastic contacts 41, 42 is such that contact is made between terminal 46 and the band 23 and between terminal 45 and the band 21.
  • a continuous electric circuit is thus formed from pin 43 to pin 44 on the head 30, through aluminium bands 21 and 23 and the U-shaped spring on head 31.
  • the tubular body 30 is turned on producing generation of heat by radiation and its diffusion.
  • Fig. 3 shows an electric radiating tube 50 substantially similar to the tube 30 described above, except that it is made from only two bands.
  • the band 51 is of insulating material and the band 52 of metal, especially aluminium.
  • Said springs have a terminal piece 60 externally shaped to match with the internal cylindrical wall of the tubular body 50.
  • an electric circuit can be closed with said tubular body so that heat is generated and diffused as in the case of radiating tube 30.
  • Radiating tubes 30 and 50 therefore permit formation of electric generators, of any shape and size and for any application, capable of radiating heat.
  • Fig, 4 shows a stove 70 standing on an insulating base 71 fixed to a shaped spacer 72 provided with three electric sockets, not indicated in the figure for simplicity, which sockets can receive pairs of plugs 75 from the radiating tubes 80, 81, 82 of different lengths but of the same diameter, made using four bands 20-23, substantially identical with the tubular body 30 in Figure 2.
  • the stove can be connected up to main electricity by the plug 97 and switch 98.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a ready-made apparatus 100 to be ceiling mounted, built for an ordinary discharge lamp fed through the sockets 101 at each end.
  • the bands, 108 of aluminium and 109 insulating, can be seen forming the tubular body 105.
  • the aluminium band is electrically connected to the end head 107.
  • the apparatus 110 in Figure 6 is practically the same as the one 100 already described, the only difference being that the electric sockets 111 at the ends are simplfied having only the elastic springs 112.
  • Said springs 112 can make contact with the end sockets 122 on the radiating tube 120, substantially identical with the radiating tube 30 already described, except that the heads 121 are connected internally to both the metal bands.
  • Fig.7 shows a heating line 130 comprising a radiating tube 131 with heads 132, said line being formed of four bands, very similar to the tubular body 30 described earlier, but of considerable length supported at the two ends by sockets, like 133, applied to a parabolic channel 140 that is easily hung from the ceiling by the rods 141.
  • the electric cable 145 is one of those supplying electricity.
  • Fig. 8 shows how a set of heating lines 130, as described, can be used in a greenhouse 150, mounted to the ceiling 151 by rods like 152 and 153.
  • this is an application of great interest as the heating lines can be extended without limits with no problems of suspension as the weight is so light, nor of varied degrees of heating, given the great versatility offered not only by electric heating but also by the tubular electric bodies subject of the invention and which are used to form said heating lines.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Claims (24)

  1. Tube électrique radiant (30, 50, 80-82, 105, 120, 131) générateur et diffuseur de chaleur
    caractérisé par le fait qu'il est formé de bandes (20-23, 51, 52, 108, 109) en spirale, superposées totalement ou en partie, une ou plusieurs de ces bandes (21, 23, 52, 108) étant en matériel hautement conducteur d'électricité, avec un rapport très élevé entre l'extension et l'épaisseur, à section transversale constante, une ou plusieurs de ces bandes (20, 22, 51, 109) faites d'un matériel isolant étant interposées entre les bandes (21, 23, 52, 108) en matériel hautement conducteur, ledit tube (30, 50, 80-81, 105, 120, 131) étant équipé, à ses extrémités, de moyens de fixation et de contact (32, 43, 44) pour l'alimentation électrique, reliés à une ou plusieurs des bandes (21, 23, 52, 108) hautement conductrices.
  2. Tube électrique radiant (30, 50, 80-82, 105, 120, 131) générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par le fait que les spirales des bandes (20-33, 51, 52) sont tournées dans le même sens.
  3. Tube électrique radiant générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par le fait que les bandes en spirale sont enroulées une ou plusieurs dans un sens, une ou plusieurs dans le sens opposé.
  4. Tube électrique radiant (30, 50, 80-82, 105, 120, 131) générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par le fait que les bandes (20-23) sont de même largeur ou de largeurs différentes.
  5. Tube électrique radiant (50-105) générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par le fait qu'il est formé d'une bande (52, 108) conductrice d'électricité et d'une bande (51-109) en matériel isolant.
  6. Tube électrique radiant (30, 80-82) générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par le fait que deux groupes de deux ou plusieurs bandes (21, 23) conductrices d'électricité sont reliées électriquement entre elles à une extrémité du tube (30, 88-82) alors qu'à l'autre extrémité dudit tube, ces deux groupes sont reliés respectivement à deux contacts (41, 42, 75) pour l'alimentation électrique.
  7. Tube électrique radiant (30, 50, 80-82, 105, 120, 131) générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par le fait que les bandes (21, 23, 52, 108) conductrices d'électricité sont en cuivre.
  8. Tube électrique radiant (30, 50, 80-82, 105, 120, 131), générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par le fait que les bandes (21, 23, 52, 108) conductrices d'électricité sont en aluminium.
  9. Tube électrique radiant (30, 50, 80-82, 105, 120, 131) générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par le fait qu'il présente une section ronde.
  10. Tube électrique radiant (30, 50, 80-82, 105, 120, 131) générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par le fait qu'il présente un développement droit.
  11. Tube électrique radiant générateur et diffuseur de chaleur, conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par le fait qu'il présente un développement brisé.
  12. Tube électrique radiant générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par le fait qu'il présente un développement circulaire.
  13. Tube électrique radiant générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par le fait qu'il présente un développement annulaire.
  14. Tube électrique radiant (105) générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par le fait qu'il est introduit dans les appareils (100) électriques fixés au plafond, fixés au mur ou portatifs vendus dans le commerce et utilisés pour le support ou l'alimentation électrique des lampes dites à décharge, soit pour les remplacer, soit pour s'y ajouter.
  15. Tube électrique radiant (120) générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 14)
    caractérisé par le fait que les contacts (101) et les connexions électriques et les appareils (110) vendus dans le commerce utilisés pour le support et l'alimentation électrique des lampes dites à décharge sont remplacés par des contacts (112) et des connexions électriques simplifiés pour la fermeture du circuit électrique avec les moyens de contact (121, 122) électrique aux extrémités dudit tube radiant (120).
  16. Tube radiant électrique générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par un type de réalisation de 2-3 cm de diamètre, température 100-200°, puissance 100-150 W, tension 12-220 V.
  17. Tube électrique radiant générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par le fait qu'il est introduit dans une ou plusieurs unités (80-82, 105, 120, 131), dans des appareils électriques portatifs (70) ou à poser sur le sol, sur une table, sur un mur, ou au plafond (100, 110, 130) disposés à cet effet.
  18. Tube électrique radiant (80-82), générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 17),
    caractérisé par le fait que les appareils portatifs (70) présentent une base (71) plane apte à être posée par terre ou sur une table, à laquelle base sont appliqués perpendiculairement un ou plusieurs tubes radiants (81-82).
  19. Tube électrique radiant générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par le fait que les appareils portatifs présentent deux plaques opposées, planes, entre lesquelles sont fixés perpendiculairement les tubes électriques.
  20. Tube électrique radiant (30, 50, 80-82, 105, 120, 131) générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 1),
    caractérisé par le fait qu'il présente une structure modulaire,
  21. Tube électrique radiant (131) générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 20),
    caractérisé par le fait que plusieurs de ces tubes sont reliés axialement avec des solutions de continuité structurelle et électrique donnant lieu à des lignes (130) de chauffage électrique.
  22. Tube électrique radiant (131) générateur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 21),
    caractérisé par le fait que les lignes (130) de chauffage électrique sont suspendues par des cordelettes (141, 152, 153) ou d'autres moyens aux toits (151) ou de toutes façons à une certaine hauteur au-dessus du sol à l'intérieur de serres (150).
  23. Tube électrique radiant (131) générateur et diffuseur de chaleur conformément à la revendication 22),
    caractérisé par le fait qu'il est prédisposé axialement à l'intérieur de réflexteurs paraboliques (140) tournés vers le bas.
  24. Procédé pour la création de générateurs et diffuseurs électriques de chaleur au moyen d'un tube radiant (30, 50, 80-82, 105, 120, 131) obtenu selon les caractéristiques des revendications 1-23 avec des bandes (20-23, 51, 52, 108, 10)) en spirale, superposées totalement ou en partie, une ou plusieurs de ces bandes (21, 23, 52, 108) étant en matériel hautement conducteur d'électricité, avec un rapport très élevé entre l'extension et l'épaisseur, à section transversale constante, une ou plusieurs de ces bandes (20, 22, 51, 109) étant en matériel isolant et interposées entre les bandes (21, 23, 57, 108) en matériel hautement conducteur d'électricité, ce tube (30, 50, 80-82, 105, 120, 131) étant équipé à ses extrémités de moyens de fixation et de contact (32, 43, 44) pour l'alimentation électrique, reliés à une ou plusieurs des bandes (21, 23, 52, 108) hautement conductrices d'électricité.
EP96941820A 1996-10-08 1996-12-16 Tube electronique rayonnant, generateur et diffuseur de chaleur, a bandes spiralees isolantes et tres conductrices Expired - Lifetime EP0931434B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI962077 1996-10-08
IT96MI002077A IT1285481B1 (it) 1996-10-08 1996-10-08 Tubo radiante elettrico generatore e diffusore di calore,a nastri elicoidali,isolanti e altamente conduttori
PCT/IT1996/000252 WO1998016087A1 (fr) 1996-10-08 1996-12-16 Tube electronique rayonnant, generateur et diffuseur de chaleur, a bandes spiralees isolantes et tres conductrices

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0931434A1 EP0931434A1 (fr) 1999-07-28
EP0931434B1 true EP0931434B1 (fr) 2001-03-28

Family

ID=11374998

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96941820A Expired - Lifetime EP0931434B1 (fr) 1996-10-08 1996-12-16 Tube electronique rayonnant, generateur et diffuseur de chaleur, a bandes spiralees isolantes et tres conductrices

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0931434B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE200173T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1109497A (fr)
DE (1) DE69612306D1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1285481B1 (fr)
TW (1) TW381406B (fr)
WO (1) WO1998016087A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110191530B (zh) * 2019-05-28 2021-10-29 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 一种微波辐射加热装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE921220C (de) * 1941-07-05 1954-12-13 Ernst Winkelmann Heizkoerper fuer elektrische Heizgeraete
US2368771A (en) * 1942-12-21 1945-02-06 Mcgraw Electric Co Encased electric heating unit and method of making same
FR1448060A (fr) * 1965-04-26 1966-08-05 Metal Deploye Le Résistance électrique enroulée pour applications diverses
JPH0536471A (ja) * 1991-07-31 1993-02-12 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 電気ヒーター

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1109497A (en) 1998-05-05
WO1998016087A1 (fr) 1998-04-16
IT1285481B1 (it) 1998-06-08
EP0931434A1 (fr) 1999-07-28
ATE200173T1 (de) 2001-04-15
ITMI962077A1 (it) 1998-04-08
TW381406B (en) 2000-02-01
DE69612306D1 (de) 2001-05-03

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