EP0939963B1 - Procede d'impregnation d'elements constitutifs - Google Patents

Procede d'impregnation d'elements constitutifs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0939963B1
EP0939963B1 EP97951185A EP97951185A EP0939963B1 EP 0939963 B1 EP0939963 B1 EP 0939963B1 EP 97951185 A EP97951185 A EP 97951185A EP 97951185 A EP97951185 A EP 97951185A EP 0939963 B1 EP0939963 B1 EP 0939963B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
process according
impregnation
impregnant
components
radiation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97951185A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0939963A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus-Wilhelm Lienert
Rainer Blum
Günter HEGEMANN
Manfred Eichhorst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Altana Electrical Insulation GmbH
Original Assignee
Beck & Co AG Dr
Drbeck & Co AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Application filed by Beck & Co AG Dr, Drbeck & Co AG filed Critical Beck & Co AG Dr
Publication of EP0939963A1 publication Critical patent/EP0939963A1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
    • H01F41/12—Insulating of windings
    • H01F41/127—Encapsulating or impregnating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0209—Multistage baking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0254—After-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
    • B05D3/0493—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases using vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
    • B05D3/061—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using U.V.
    • B05D3/065—After-treatment
    • B05D3/067—Curing or cross-linking the coating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for impregnating Components with polymerizable masses that work at room temperature liquid or liquefiable by heating are and through a combined application of heat and high-energy radiation are curable.
  • DE-A-40 22 235 and DD-A-295 056 propose after impregnation of the component with UV rays harden the surfaces and then by applying heat harden the interior of the components. Reduce such procedures Although the evaporation losses, but by the high proportions of volatile, unpolymerized monomers still relatively high inside the components are. Ways that the uneven distribution of impregnating agents in the To influence component, are in these writings not mentioned.
  • EP-A-0 643 467 suggests that in order to improve the distribution of the impregnating agent in the component, pre-gelling and fixing of the impregnating agent and thermal curing are obtained during the impregnation via coil heating. At the same time as the thermal hardening on the windings or after the thermal hardening on the windings, those parts of the components which were not reached by the winding heating should be hardened with high-energy, preferably UV radiation.
  • a disadvantage of this method is that with the heating, only a partial hardening is carried out thermally via the windings and that the hardening is then carried out with blasting.
  • EP-A-0 643 467 A procedure also proposed by EP-A-0 643 467 to harden with high-energy rays after the thermal hardening does not seem to make much technical sense, since such hardening after a thermal hardening of the parts of the component not reached in the first step of the partial hardening, regardless of this there are no discernible advantages, whether it was caused by a sufficiently long current heating of the winding or other application of heat.
  • EP-A-0 643 4.67 does not contain any teaching on the use of the method in the generally claimed techniques for impregnation.
  • Pre-gelling by winding heating during the impregnation is not sensible because the cavities are filled indefinitely.
  • Preheating the windings to lower the viscosity and thus to accelerate the filling is known prior art, for example in the various immersion and flooding processes in which the components are heated in order to achieve a reduction in viscosity and thus better and faster filling. Heating to gelation during impregnation does the opposite, namely an undefined filling of the cavities due to gelation.
  • the polymeric components of known impregnating, casting and coating compositions for electrical components are preferably unsaturated polyesters which are dissolved in vinylically unsaturated compounds, such as styrene, vinyl toluene, allyl phthalate and monomeric or oligomeric acrylic or vinyl esters, which are free radicals ( co) be polymerized.
  • Impregnating, casting and coating compositions are generally understood to be resin compositions which are used in electrical engineering for impregnating windings, the generally known processes, such as, for example, immersion impregnation, trickling technology, dip rolling and flooding being used, where these processes may be supported by the application of vacuum and / or pressure.
  • Impregnating agent to an undefined part before hardening leak from the components or become very uneven Set impregnation agent distributions in the component. So far, it has not been by any of the known methods possible, high filling levels, for example over 90% realize.
  • a method described in the present application solves the above-mentioned problems by partially gelling or partially hardening the soaked components in the soaking agent, then allowing the non-gelling portions of the soaking agent to run off, possibly returning these expired soaking agents, if necessary after cooling them, into the soaking agent supply, detacking the component surfaces with high-energy radiation and final thermal curing.
  • the method according to claim it is possible for the first time to set a largely uniform impregnating agent filling of any filling level practically at any point of the components. The emission of volatile impregnant components is reduced in such a way that there is almost no loss of impregnant.
  • This method is particularly advantageous in the case of immersion impregnation techniques in which virtually no monomers can escape from the immersion system during the partial hardening, which takes place in the immersed state. Furthermore, a large part of volatile monomers is fixed in the resin mass in the immediate vicinity of the heated inner areas of the components.
  • This method can preferably be used when diving at room temperature and coil heating with electricity shortly before, during or after immersion. First, only a little warming is carried out in order to quickly fill the inner component areas, then the temperature is increased in the impregnating agent. Gelling of the impregnant is initiated only in the immediate vicinity of the heated coils.
  • the main masses of the component and the impregnating agent heat up only slightly, so that there are only a few evaporation losses when they are removed.
  • a waiting time which depends on the shape and size of the component and the viscosity of the impregnating agent and during which the ungelled impregnating agent can run off and is preferably returned to the impregnating agent supply after cooling, the surfaces of the components with high-energy radiation are preferred UV light, irradiated.
  • Another advantage of the method according to the invention is that it is based on existing or only slightly modified systems can be carried out can, since its implementation is essentially through Change the control parameters and the Sequence of procedures is possible.
  • Polyesters to be selected are expedient known to the person skilled in the art, likewise imide- or amide-modified Polyester, the particularly cheap thermal and have mechanical properties.
  • Appropriate reactive diluents are known where in particular styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, Vinyl toluene, allyl esters, vinyl esters, vinyl ethers and / or (meth) acrylates can be used.
  • These polyester resin preparations can also with the expert known initiators or catalysts or catalyst mixtures thermally and / or with high energy Radiation, preferably UV light, can be cured.
  • Further impregnating agents with which the process according to the invention can be carried out contain free-radically polymerizable monomeric, oligomeric and / or polymeric substances which are also radiation-curable, in particular with UV light.
  • Such substances and combinations of substances are also generally known to the person skilled in the art.
  • they are allylic, vinyl or (meth) acrylic unsaturated substances and / or mixtures of substances.
  • polyepoxy (meth) acrylates, polyurethane (meth) acrylates and / or polyester (meth) acrylates are particularly suitable.
  • Some of the drinking agents are directly thermally polymerizable, but it is preferred to add free radical initiators for optimal thermal curing at the lowest possible temperatures.
  • UV initiators are usually added to ensure rapid UV curing.
  • the impregnating agents used can furthermore contain stabilizers to improve the storage stability.
  • the impregnating agents can also contain ionically polymerizable substances, in particular monomeric and / or oligomeric epoxides in conjunction with initiators which can be activated thermally and under UV light.
  • the method according to the invention avoids the disadvantages the methods of the known prior art the specific combination of its procedural steps, that impregnation agent distribution and degree of filling by controlled Heating of the components after the impregnation, still in the Impregnation device until gelation and impregnation fixation be regulated that the drip losses are minimized by letting the non-gelled run out Impregnant content after removal from the impregnation device, that if necessary these expired Impregnant, if necessary after cooling, in the impregnant stock that the evaporation losses on the component surface and a surface stickiness eliminated by using high-energy radiation and that then a complete thermal Post hardening until optimal functions of the Impregnating agent.
  • This sequence according to the invention is of great technical, ecological and economic Use.
  • the coils are electrically heated until partial gelation occurs.
  • the degree of filling can be regulated very precisely and reproducibly via the speed, amount and duration of this heating.
  • the adhering impregnating agent can flow away, this process being supported by the gradually escaping heat flow from the heated areas.
  • the surfaces of the components are sealed by the action of high-energy radiation, preferably UV radiation. Volatile constituents of the impregnating agent are largely fixed in the component by the pre-gelation and on the surface by the radiation. In the subsequent thermal curing, only minimal emissions occur.
  • Components were stators of large series electric motors of size IEC 96, whose winding heads in an injection molded part made of polyamide thermoplastic.
  • the component and impregnating agent have a room temperature of 26 ° C.
  • the component is immersed at 35 mm / minute, after 1 Minute at the same speed, Drain 20 minutes over the immersion bath, then hardened in an oven at 140 ° C for 1 hour, after weighed the cooling and then at 2 hours Post-cured at 140 ° C.
  • the stator is electrically heated to a winding temperature in 2 minutes heated from 60 ° C, thereby the sheet stack approx. 32 ° C and the plastic parts of the winding heads become warm at approx. 28 ° C. It is carried out in accordance with VB 1 submerged, held submerged for 10 seconds, submerged and drained over the drinking bowl for 5 minutes. Then the winding with electricity in 2 minutes heated to 150 ° C and held for 8 minutes. Nice when heating and within the first 3 minutes At 150 ° C a lot of partially gelled impregnating agent comes out of the stator that can no longer be returned. To heating is allowed to cool 5 minutes and then exposed according to the implementation in VB 2.
  • the component and impregnating agent have a room temperature of 26 ° C.
  • the component is immersed at 35 mm / minute Winding is in the plunge pool to 160 ° C in 30 seconds heated and held for 1 minute, then with the same Speed dived again and above that Let the pool drain for 20 minutes.
  • the backflow Material is evidently ungelled, according to Almost nothing drips for 20 minutes, and in both Apparently, winding heads are a good one Filling available.
  • the stator is carried out according to the exposed in VB 2 with UV light, kick only a few drops of losses. After exposure the winding is heated to 180 ° C using electricity and held for 10 minutes. There are no dripping losses more on.
  • the laminated core becomes approx.
  • Example 1 (B1), but immersed in Condition only held for 30 seconds. Here too is in both winding heads are clearly recognizable a good but less filling than with B1, which further observations coincide with B1.
  • Example 1 (B1), but immersed in Condition held for 2 minutes.
  • both Winding heads obviously recognizable a very good and significantly higher filling than B1 further observations coincide with B1 and B2, whereby Evaporation and post-curing losses due to the very much higher resin absorption also slightly higher than with B1 and B2 are.
  • the stators were sawn to assess the fill to be able to.
  • the components according to examples B3 and B4 show a perfect filling of slot and winding, i.e. approx. 150-160 g are the maximum possible Resin absorption. Resin uptake of about 100% filling level are no other state-of-the-art method reachable. The draining, evaporating and post-curing losses are in a likewise not yet reached Dimensions small. It is also possible to largely constant low losses the resin absorption for cost reasons, for example, to any desired Fill level.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Procédé d'imprégnation d'éléments de construction avec des agents d'imprégnation polymérisables, lesquels sont liquides à température ambiante ou peuvent être rendus liquides par chauffage et durcis par une utilisation combinée de chaleur et de rayonnement de haute énergie, par lequel les éléments de construction sont imprégnés à température ambiante ou à l'état préchauffé et chauffés après l'imprégnation dans l'agent d'imprégnation jusqu'à la gélification partielle, traités avant le durcissement avec un rayonnement de haute énergie et ensuite complètement durcis par voie thermique.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'imprégnation a lieu par immersion, noyage, imprégnation sous vide, ou versage goutte à goutte.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel l'imprégnation a lieu par immersion, noyage, imprégnation sous vide et des enroulements conducteurs d'électricité de l'élément de construction imprégné sont chauffés dans l'agent d'imprégnation par l'application de courant jusqu'à ce qu'une quantité souhaitée d'agent d'imprégnation soit gélifiée et fixée et l'élément de construction est ensuite retiré de l'agent d'imprégnation après ladite gélification et mis à égoutter de manière à laisser l'agent d'imprégnation non gélifié s'écouler, lequel est le cas échéant refroidi et réutilisé.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel un rayonnement U.V., infrarouge et/ou d'électrons est utilisé en tant que rayonnement de haute énergie.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel un rayonnement infrarouge est également utilisé avant, en même temps que ou après le durcissement par un autre type d'apport en énergie.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel les éléments de construction présentent des enroulements dans un matériau conducteur d'électricité et le chauffage a lieu par application de courant électrique à ces enroulements.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel une pause de 10 jusqu'à 1200 secondes est prévue entre l'imprégnation et l'exposition au rayonnement.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel les agents d'imprégnation polymérisables contiennent des substances monomères ou prépolymérisées ou des mélanges de substances monomères ou prépolymérisées, lesquelles sont polymérisables ioniquement, radicalairement par transfert d'hydrogène, par polyaddition, polycondensation, cyclocondensation et/ou condensation de Diels et Alder.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel des éléments de construction, lesquels renferment des enroulements conducteurs d'électricité au moyen desquels un chauffage par alimentation en courant est possible, immergés dans la masse de résine avant application de la masse de résine par versage goutte à goutte et noyage ou par imprégnation sous vide et immersion, sont d'abord chauffés par alimentation en courant à une température à laquelle une diminution de la viscosité de la masse de résine se produit sur les enroulements et une imprégnation rapide a ainsi lieu, et une gélification ou un durcissement partiel de la masse de résine est ensuite réalisé(e) dans le voisinage des enroulements chauffés, suite à une alimentation en courant ultérieure.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, dans lequel le réglage du temps et de la température de chauffage des enroulements conducteurs d'électricité pendant la gélification ou selon le cas le durcissement partiel de l'agent d'imprégnation permet d'ajuster la viscosité de l'agent d'imprégnation dans le voisinage des enroulements chauffés, de sorte que des taux de remplissage entre 5 % et 100 % sont obtenus.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel les agents d'imprégnation polymérisables contiennent des résines époxydes ainsi que des catalyseurs ou des mélanges de catalyseurs, lesquels déclenchent une polymérisation aussi bien sous l'effet de la chaleur que d'un rayonnement.
  12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, dans lequel les agents d'imprégnation polymérisables contiennent des résines polyesters non saturées, lesquelles sont combinées le cas échéant à des substances copolymérisables, telles que styrène, alpha-méthylstyrène, éthers allyliques, esters allyliques, éthers vinyliques, esters vinyliques, esters acryliques, et des catalyseurs lesquels déclenchent une polymérisation aussi bien sous l'effet de la chaleur que d'un rayonnement.
  13. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, dans lequel les agents d'imprégnation polymérisables contiennent des éléments structuraux dicyclopentadiène ainsi que des catalyseurs ou des mélanges de catalyseurs, lesquels déclenchent une polymérisation aussi bien sous l'effet de la chaleur que d'un rayonnement.
  14. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, dans lequel les agents d'imprégnation contiennent au moins un composant parmi le groupe d'acylphosphineoxydes, substances labiles en C-C, peroxydes, composés azoïques, hydroquinones, quinones, alkylphénols et/ou éthers alkylphénoliques.
EP97951185A 1996-11-21 1997-11-13 Procede d'impregnation d'elements constitutifs Expired - Lifetime EP0939963B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19648134A DE19648134A1 (de) 1996-11-21 1996-11-21 Verfahren zur Tränkung von Bauteilen
DE19648134 1996-11-21
PCT/EP1997/006325 WO1998022962A1 (fr) 1996-11-21 1997-11-13 Procede d'impregnation d'elements constitutifs

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0939963A1 EP0939963A1 (fr) 1999-09-08
EP0939963B1 true EP0939963B1 (fr) 2003-05-02

Family

ID=7812306

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97951185A Expired - Lifetime EP0939963B1 (fr) 1996-11-21 1997-11-13 Procede d'impregnation d'elements constitutifs

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6146717A (fr)
EP (1) EP0939963B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19648134A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2198603T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998022962A1 (fr)

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DE19939760A1 (de) * 1999-08-21 2001-03-08 Schenectady Int Inc Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Isolierung elektrotechnischer Bauteile
DE10209511A1 (de) * 2002-03-05 2003-10-02 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung zur berührungsfreien Hochfrequenzübertragung
DE20216113U1 (de) * 2002-10-18 2004-03-18 Baumüller Nürnberg GmbH Tauchlack-beschichteter Kühl-Gehäusemantel für eine elektrische Maschine
US7786635B2 (en) * 2007-12-13 2010-08-31 Regal Beloit Corporation Motor for high moisture applications
DE102008025541A1 (de) * 2008-05-27 2009-12-17 Hexion Specialty Chemicals Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines rissfestem Gießharztransformators und rissfester Gießharztransformator
US20130095232A1 (en) * 2011-10-18 2013-04-18 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Method of applying varnish to a stator
JP6149750B2 (ja) * 2014-02-07 2017-06-21 トヨタ自動車株式会社 リアクトルの固定方法
FR3070803A1 (fr) 2017-09-07 2019-03-08 Moteurs Leroy-Somer Procede d'impregnation d'une machine electrique
EP3872962A1 (fr) * 2020-02-25 2021-09-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé d'imprégnation, de renforcement ou d'électroisolation d'un corps portant des enroulements mono- ou multicouche
CN115395750A (zh) * 2022-08-19 2022-11-25 天津云齐新材料技术有限责任公司 电机绕组绝缘浸渍处理方法及装置
DE102022125457A1 (de) 2022-10-04 2024-04-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Versehen einer Statorwicklung mit einem Harz

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AU708172B2 (en) * 1996-02-26 1999-07-29 Rohm And Haas Company Dual-cure latex compositions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59709984D1 (de) 2003-06-05
WO1998022962A1 (fr) 1998-05-28
ES2198603T3 (es) 2004-02-01
US6146717A (en) 2000-11-14
EP0939963A1 (fr) 1999-09-08
DE19648134A1 (de) 1998-05-28

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