Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
  • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
  • E06B9/26—Lamellar or like blinds, e.g. venetian blinds
  • E06B9/38—Other details
  • E06B9/386—Details of lamellae
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
  • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
  • E06B2009/2417—Light path control; means to control reflection

Definitions

• the invention relates to a sun protection device in the manner of a blind with a plurality of mutually parallel slats with horizontally running longitudinal axes and essentially flat, elongated surface elements, each individual slat being irradiated by the sun at such an angle that the horizontal view is predominant preserved.
• Sun protection devices of the type mentioned above such as are known, for example, as louvre blinds made of vinyl or aluminum, only inadequately fulfill the desire for a sun protection function which, on the one hand, is intended to protect against direct glare from sunlight inside rooms, but on the other hand, a certain light transmission for allows daylight to enter, so that artificial light inside the room can be dispensed with.
• louvre blinds particularly in the state of complete shading, do not allow any visual view to the outside, which would, however, be desirable for the room climate and the living and working quality in rooms shaded in this way.
• the so-called aspect ratio A / B which specifies the ratio between the slat spacing A between two adjacent blind slats and the slat width B, serves as a geometric characteristic number for slat blinds.
• FIG. 2 a diagram can be seen from FIG. 2, from which the percentage of the area between the lamella elements for a clear view is shown as a function of the settings of the lamella elements, based on the elevation angle of the sun that changes during the day.
• View NormP Those with the reference "View NormP.”
• the curve shown indicates the proportion of the area that remains between the prismatic lamellae according to the European publication described above, as a view in a horizontal direction depending on the position of the sun. It can be seen that when the sun is high, the individual lamella elements have to be aligned more flatly, so that the clear view between two adjacent lamella elements is greater than in the case of sun positions with only a slight elevation.
• View NormP is based on an aspect ratio A / B of 1.
• Flat sun protection devices with a lamellar structured surface are known, for example, from the publications GB 2 220 025 A and GB 2 170 256 A.
• the facade surfaces are transparent to sunlight and are preferably suitable for greenhouses and deflect the sunlight into the interior of the greenhouse at a desired angle of incidence.
• total reflections occur with a suitable arrangement of the optically active surfaces of the sun protection devices, the light, for example in the case of FIGS. 2 and 3 of GB 2 170 256 A, is not reflected back in the same direction from which the light falls on the sun protection device. Dazzle effects in the environment are inevitable.
• the invention has for its object a sun protection device in the manner of a blind with a plurality of mutually parallel slats with horizontally extending longitudinal axes and substantially flat, elongated surface elements, each individual slat can be irradiated by the sun at such an angle that the horizontal Visibility is largely retained, to be further developed in such a way that, on the one hand, the viewing properties are largely unaffected or only slightly impaired by the sun protection device and, on the other hand, any glare is prevented by direct sunlight entering the interior of the room.
• the sun protection device should not show any self-heating and should be made of optically transparent material.
• a sun protection device in the manner of a venetian blind with a plurality of parallel slats with horizontally extending longitudinal axes, which can be rotated about their longitudinal axes by means of an adjustment mechanism, is designed in such a way that the slats or a layer applied to the top of the slats consists of sunlight-transparent material , and has a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the lamella, which is composed of the following surface elements:
• First surface elements which are arranged at an angle to the top of the slats and can be irradiated approximately vertically by the sun.
• Second surface elements which are arranged flush and at an acute angle of approximately 45 ° to the first surface elements, and a third surface element, which is arranged approximately perpendicular to the second surface elements.
• adjacent first and second surface element pairs are at a distance from one another which, when the first elements are irradiated approximately vertically with sunlight, enables the sun light to be irradiated and emitted with little shadow via the first elements.
• no distances or optical connections of this type are provided over this distance, one surface of which coincides with the top of the lamella and another lies parallel to the third surface or coincides with this.
• the alignment of the surfaces of the optical connecting pieces parallel to the third surface elements ensures that direct sunlight can only leave the lamella via the first surface elements. This aspect is important so that adjustment errors and other deviations from the ideal beam path do not impair the function of the lamella.
• the invention is based on the idea that the sunlight strikes the top of the slats preferably at an angle of approximately 40 ° -55 ° and is reflected there again by total reflection, preferably in the same direction from which the sunlight falls on the sun protection device. In this way, effective sun protection can be achieved predominantly with relatively small inclinations of the individual slats around their longitudinal axes.
• the lines “view 1”, “view 0.9” and “view 0.8” indicate the freely viewable areas that can be achieved with lamellae, their reflection properties for sunlight, which is below 45 ° the lamella surface hits and is reflected back there and have aspect ratios A / B of 1, 0.9 and 0.8.
• FIG. 6 embodiment according to FIG. 5 with reflecting layer
• Fig. 8 Venetian blind slat with an additional reflective layer.
• the sun protection device shown in FIG. 1 has a drive mechanism M in its horizontal orientations adjustable slats L, each having a width B and a mutual distance A.
• the lamella arrangement is mounted behind a window F in order to prevent the light rays coming directly from the sun from reaching the interior of the room.
• the surfaces of the slats are such that sun rays striking the surfaces are preferably at an angle of 40 ° -55 ° relative to the surface plane in one Angular range ⁇ Refl be reflected back.
• the lamella planes can be moved by means of the drive mechanism M about their respective longitudinal axes LA by an angle ⁇ Lam .
• the sunlight striking the lamella surfaces (LO) is preferably reflected back in the same direction as it strikes the surface.
• the front lamella edges facing the solar radiation are provided on their underside with a reflective coating, so that back-reflected light rays, which are reflected back at a steeper reflection angle and thus hit the underside of the lamella above, can be deflected outwards at the reflection layer.
• a suitable surface structure which is either applied as a structured layer of a transparent material as an additive to the surface of each lamella, for example as a transparent film, or the lamella itself consists of the structure, is basically a folded surface which has surface sections which essentially are oriented perpendicular to the incident light rays.
• 3 shows, as an example of a correspondingly reflecting surface structure, a substantially folded surface which has surface sections oriented perpendicular to the incidence of light, on which the incident light is reflected back in the same direction with which it is incident on the surface.
• FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a lamella layer or part of a complete lamella according to the invention.
• the surface facing the sun has parallel ribs R which correspond in cross section to a sawtooth structure.
• the underside of the slat, however, is flat.
• FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional representation through the surface structure of the lamella according to the invention.
• An essential property of the surface structure is that a first surface EF, which is directed obliquely to the upper side (LO) of the lamella, hereinafter also referred to as the receiving surface, is oriented largely normally to the sun, in that the lamella as a whole is oriented accordingly to the sun.
• the totally reflected beam components then reach a second surface VF which is largely perpendicular to the upper side (LO) of the lamella and are totally reflected on this a second time, as a result of which the light beams deflected in this way run essentially in the opposite direction with which they are directed Receiving area EF have hit.
• the deflected or reflected back by the lamella structure shown in FIG. 5 Rays of light exit the free space essentially via the receiving surface EF.
• the angular range within which total reflection strikes depends on the refractive index of the optically transparent material of the layer applied to the lamella or the lamella itself.
• the angular aperture for total reflection is 9.6 °.
• the angle calculated above is measured with respect to the normal to the receiving surface EF.
• the massive layer thickness D according to FIG. 5 ideally corresponds to an integer multiple of the structural height H. If the dimensioning deviates from the ideal case, additional, actually unnecessary ones occur Total reflections within the massive layer.
• the layer thickness D must also be reduced to zero, as a result of which adjacent areas EF and VF are not optically coupled to one another via connecting webs. In this case, the light incident through the respective receiving surface EF is also reflected back over this same surface by way of total reflection. The shading problems indicated above do not occur in this case.
• FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment which provides an additional reflecting surface RF between each individual vertically running surface VF and the corresponding adjacent receiving surface EF.
• These reflecting surfaces RF prevent light with a different angle of incidence from the ideal case from striking two successive receiving surfaces EF and furthermore that excessively flat reflecting light components strike the respective rear side of the sawtooth element in front of it on the vertical surface VF and thus in this way unwanted reflections and glare.
• two design variants are possible for realizing the reflecting surfaces RF: a solid design according to the embodiment according to FIG. 7a and a mirrored design according to the embodiment according to FIG. 7b.
• the recommended minimum thickness for the additional layer S should be 0.16 • ⁇ .
• the construction according to FIG. 7b provides a thin layer covering over the structural elements, in which the layer thickness d A can be chosen to be as small as desired. Only the connection between a successive vertical layer and a receiving layer must be covered with a reflective layer.
• the shading problems described above can be remedied using one of the above two options.
• Precautions can be taken, however, by applying a reflective coating to the underside of the slat, which, however, must not have any optical contact with the underside of the slat in order not to impair the total reflection properties.
• the manufacture of the sun protection device according to the invention in the manner of a blind is basically with the known means of profile manufacture in the Endless processes, for example by means of extrusion processes or in individual production by means of embossing processes made of transparent polymers.
• known extrusion or embossing processes are known.
• a second possibility of producing the sun protection device according to the invention is to emboss a film made of transparent material, for example polycarbonate, and to attach it to a slat.
• FIG. 8 shows a lamella L, which is curved for static reasons, as a support structure, on which the reflective film layer is fastened in an uncurved manner as possible by means of adhesive at the edge regions.
• the blind can also be pulled up and stacked.
• the profile can be adjusted so that an optimal light deflection is achieved over the entire slat width despite the curvature of the reflective layer.
• the vertical surface VF is increasingly tilted from its vertical orientation in its orientation from the front to the rear edge of the lamella.
• the slats can preferably be made of transparent material, but aluminum slats, for example, as supports have the additional advantage that the underside of the slats automatically has reflective properties.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Blinds (AREA)
• Protection Of Pipes Against Damage, Friction, And Corrosion (AREA)
• Operating, Guiding And Securing Of Roll- Type Closing Members (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=7816811

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (17)

Family Cites Families (15)

• 1997
  • 1997-01-03 DE DE19700111A patent/DE19700111C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-12-23 AT AT97954709T patent/ATE235648T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-12-23 US US09/319,442 patent/US6227280B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-12-23 EP EP97954709A patent/EP0956423B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-12-23 WO PCT/DE1997/003017 patent/WO1998029633A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1997-12-23 DE DE59709650T patent/DE59709650D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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