EP0960274A1 - Dispositif d'injection de carburant pour moteurs a combustion interne - Google Patents

Dispositif d'injection de carburant pour moteurs a combustion interne

Info

Publication number
EP0960274A1
EP0960274A1 EP98928124A EP98928124A EP0960274A1 EP 0960274 A1 EP0960274 A1 EP 0960274A1 EP 98928124 A EP98928124 A EP 98928124A EP 98928124 A EP98928124 A EP 98928124A EP 0960274 A1 EP0960274 A1 EP 0960274A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
valve
fuel injection
valve member
injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98928124A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0960274B1 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Boecking
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0960274A1 publication Critical patent/EP0960274A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0960274B1 publication Critical patent/EP0960274B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0014Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0028Valves characterised by the valve actuating means hydraulic
    • F02M63/0029Valves characterised by the valve actuating means hydraulic using a pilot valve controlling a hydraulic chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0003Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure
    • F02M63/0005Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure using valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0003Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure
    • F02M63/0007Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure using electrically actuated valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D41/2096Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils for controlling piezoelectric injectors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a fuel injection device for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the high-pressure fuel source consists of a high-pressure fuel pump which conveys fuel from a low-pressure space into a high-pressure collection space, which communicates with the individual in the
  • Combustion chamber of the injection valves projecting to be supplied to the internal combustion engine is connected, the common pressure storage system (common rail) being kept at a certain pressure level by a pressure control device.
  • a pressure control device To control the injection times and injection quantities, an electrically controlled control valve is provided on the injection valves, which controls the high-pressure fuel injection when it is opened and closed.
  • the control valve in the known fuel injection device is designed as a 3/2-way valve, one on the
  • the known fuel injection device Since the 3/2-way control valve in the known fuel injection device is actuated directly by the actuator of an electromagnet, the known fuel injection device has the disadvantage that the stroke of the valve member of the 3/2-way control valve and thus the control effectiveness of the valve is limited .
  • Kaftscherin injection With the well-known Kaftscherin injection adopted it is because of
  • the fuel injection device for internal combustion engines according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that a large passage cross-section can be realized with the help of the control valve, which enables quick opening and closing of the injection valve member and a small-sized electrically controlled pilot valve is used to use the large Control valve providing passage cross sections. Because a piezo drive is also used to actuate the valve member of the pilot valve, an increased switching speed can be achieved. An increase in Switching speed moreover results for the realization of a pilot injection from the measure that the pilot valve has two valve seats which are arranged in the course of the relief duct of the working space and which are opened and closed alternately with a single actuation of the pilot valve member. Thus, with a single excitation of the piezo drive, an intermediate relief of the is without loss of time through a field build-up in an electromagnet or field degradation and without the high energy requirement that would otherwise be required
  • FIG. 1 shows an overall representation of the invention and FIG. 2 shows a partial enlargement of the representation of FIG. 1
  • the fuel injection valve 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a fuel injection valve member 2, which is guided with a guide part 3 in a bore 4 of a fuel injection valve housing 5. At one end of the fuel injection valve member, this has a sealing surface 6, which can be brought to bear on a valve seat 7 on the housing and thereby separates fuel injection openings 8 from a pressure chamber 9, which in the form of an annular space 10 extends around the end of the fuel injection valve member 2 to extends to the valve seat 7.
  • the pressure chamber 9 can be connected to a fuel high pressure source 13 via a pressure channel 12 and a control valve 15. Fuel that is brought to injection pressure is constantly available in the high-pressure fuel source.
  • the injection valve member In the area of the pressure chamber 9, the injection valve member has a pressure shoulder 16, via which it can be lifted from the valve seat 7 for the purpose of injection when pressure is applied in the pressure chamber 9 against a closing spring 17 acting on the rear of the fuel injection valve member 2.
  • the rear space 18 receiving the closing spring 7 is relieved of pressure via a relief channel 19.
  • the space 18 is delimited by an end piston 21 of a control valve member 23 arranged coaxially to the fuel injection valve member.
  • This is part of a control valve 24, which is designed as a 3/2 way valve.
  • the control valve member 23 is guided in a stepped bore, the part 26 of which is smaller in diameter also accommodates the space 18 and tightly guides the end piston 21 and whose larger part 27 has a piston part 28 of the control valve member 23.
  • the piston part 28 delimits a working space 31 in the fuel injection valve housing with its end face 29 and is on its end face 29 away from the side provided with a tapered first sealing surface 32 which tapers to a diameter reduction 34.
  • the narrowing of the diameter 34 then merges conically into the end of the end piston 21 facing away from the pressure chamber 18, forming a control edge 46.
  • the first sealing surface 32 cooperates with a first valve seat 36 formed at the transition from the stepped bore part 27 with the larger diameter to the stepped bore part 26 with the smaller diameter.
  • An adjustment of the control valve member 23 in the other direction is limited by the abutment of its end face 29 on a wall 75 which closes off the working space 31 on the opposite side.
  • the piston part 28 has an annular constriction 38 and delimits an annular space 39 there, which is formed together with an inner recess of the stepped bore part 27, which is larger in diameter, following the first valve seat 36 and which is continuous is connected to the high-pressure fuel source 13 via a pressure line 40.
  • a channel 41 which runs obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the control valve member 23 and which connects the constriction 38 to the working space 31 and which has a diameter limitation 42 on the side of the working space 31, which limits the inflow of pressure medium formed by fuel from the high-pressure fuel source into the Working space 31 throttles or its inflow rate is limited.
  • an annular space 45 is formed between the wall of the stepped bore and the diameter reduction 34 on the control valve member 23, into which the pressure channel 12 opens.
  • An inner recess 44 is also provided in the wall of the stepped bore part 26 with a limiting edge 49 oriented towards the valve seat 36, which together with the control edge 46 of the end piston 21 forms a slide valve.
  • a flattened portion 47 is provided on the end piston, which together with the wall of the stepped bore part 26, which is smaller in diameter, forms a flow cross-section which is constantly open to the space 18.
  • the flattening is delimited by a horizontal edge 48 which lies in such a way that in the position of the control valve member 23 shown in FIG.
  • Control valve member 23 has lifted from the first valve seat, this stroke being limited by the abutment of the end face 29 on the closing wall 75.
  • the control edge 46 passes over the boundary edge 49 and, in the function as a slide valve, closes the connection between the inner recess 44 and the annular space 45.
  • the edge 48 of the flattening always remains below the control edge 46, so that there is no connection between the space 18 and the annular space 45 results and in this position the fuel directed from the high-pressure fuel source to the pressure space 9 is not released to the space 18.
  • the work space 31 can be relieved via a relief line 50 which leads axially away from the work space 31 and has a diameter limitation 51 which limits a discharge rate.
  • the relief channel opens into a valve chamber 53 of a pilot valve 55.
  • a closing body 56 is one in the valve chamber 53 Adjustable valve member 54 of the pilot valve 55, which closing body 56 is located at the end of a plunger 57 which is guided in a guide bore 58 in the fuel injection valve housing 5.
  • the closing body 56 On the side of the closing body 56 opposite the first sealing surface 61, the latter has a second sealing surface 62 which merges into an annular groove 63 on the side of the tappet 57.
  • This annular groove delimits in the guide bore 58, which opens into the valve chamber 53 via a second valve seat 64, an annular chamber 65 which is permanently connected to a further part 66 of the relief channel 50.
  • the second sealing surface 62 In a second position of the closing body 56, the second sealing surface 62, which is in contact with the second valve seat 64, has interrupted the connection of the relief line 50 from the valve chamber 53 to the further part 66 of the relief line.
  • the closing body 56 is acted upon by a positioning force in the form of a compression spring 68 in the closing direction with its second sealing surface 62 bearing on the second valve seat 64.
  • the compression spring 68 is clamped between the housing of the fuel injection valve and a spring plate 69 on the tappet 57.
  • a further piston 70 acts on the plunger 67, which, at its other end, delimits a hydraulic chamber 71, which on the other hand is delimited by an actuating piston 72, which is part of a piezo drive 73, which is not shown here. Care is taken that the hydraulic space 61 is always filled.
  • the piezo drive also makes it possible for the closing body 56 to remain in a middle position in which the flow through both valve seats 60 and 64 remains open and thus a permanent relief of the working space 31 can be set via the relief line 50.
  • the fuel injector described works as follows: In the position of the closing body 56 shown, the relief line 50 is closed. In this case, fuel that is brought to the injection pressure can reach the working space 31 from the high-pressure fuel reservoir 13 via the annular space 39, the channel 41 and the constriction 42 and can likewise build up a pressure there that corresponds to the pressure in the high-pressure fuel reservoir. This causes the control valve member 23 to remain in the position shown, in which the first sealing surface 32 abuts the first valve seat 36 and thus a connection between the annular space 39 and the annular space 45 is prevented. Thus, no high-pressure fuel can get from the pressure line 40 via the pressure channel 12 into the pressure chamber 9 and bring the fuel injection valve member 2 into the open position.
  • the injection valve member 2 is in the closing position under the action of the restoring force in the form of the clamped compression spring 17.
  • the piezo drive 73 is now excited and lifts the closing body 56 from the second valve seat 64, so that the work space 31 is relieved. This causes the control valve member 23 under the action of a restoring force which, for. B.
  • a pressure shoulder loaded by the fuel pressure on the closing member or a spring (not shown further) is displaced such that it lifts off with its first sealing surface 32 from the first valve seat 36 and a connection between the annular space 39 via the narrowing of the diameter 34 to Annulus 45 produces and so the fuel can get from the high-pressure fuel reservoir into the pressure chamber 9 via the pressure channel 12.
  • the fuel injection valve member 2 is lifted from its valve seat 7 and fuel injection takes place. To interrupt this fuel injection or to interrupt it
  • the closing body 56 must get back to one of the seats 60 or 64.
  • the original high pressure builds up again in the working space 31 due to the inflow of high-pressure fuel via the channel 41, so that the control valve member 23 is moved back onto the first valve seat 36 and thus the inflow of high fuel pressure is prevented.
  • the annular space 45 is connected to the space 18 via the flat 47, so that the pressure in the pressure space 9 can quickly relax. This supports a quick closing of the injection valve member.
  • the closing body 56 can be moved in different ways by the piezo drive.
  • the piezo drive 73 can be excited and one is carried out
  • the injection valve member 2 is immediately closed again because the connection between the pressure line 40 and the pressure channel 12 is also prevented by the reclosing of the control valve member 23.
  • Such a short-term injection is particularly advantageous for achieving a pre-injection in diesel internal combustion engines.
  • the closing body 56 is brought into a middle position between the two valve seats 64 and 60, so that the working space 31 remains relieved for a longer period of time and, accordingly, the fuel injection valve member 2 is also lifted from its valve seat for a longer time in accordance with an associated main fuel injection quantity.
  • the piezo drive 73 is thus excited so that it first moves the closing body 56 away from the second valve seat 64 to the first valve seat 60, with the result of a pre-injection. Subsequently, the closing body 56 is brought back into a middle position and is finally moved back to the second valve seat 64 in order to complete the main injection.
  • the closing body only carries out a single back and forth movement with a corresponding one for both a pre-injection and a main injection low excitation energy for its drive at high switching speed.
  • a very short injection can be controlled with the aid of a small control valve without mass movement reversal energy.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'injection de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne, dans lequel le mouvement d'ouverture et de fermeture d'une soupape d'injection de carburant (1) est commandé par la pression régnant dans une chambre sous pression (9), qui agit sur un épaulement de pression (16). L'amenée de fluide sous pression vers la chambre sous pression (9) est commandée par un obturateur de soupape de commande (23) qui est lui-même déplacé par la pression régnant dans une chambre de travail (31). La pression régnant dans ladite chambre de travail (31) est commandée par une soupape pilote (55) qui présente un corps d'obturation (56) qui est déplacé, sous l'effet exercé par un entraînement piézo (73), d'un second siège de soupape (64) à un premier siège de soupape (60) et ouvre alors pendant un cours instant la conduite de détente (50) de la chambre de travail (31). Cela entraîne une ouverture de l'obturateur de soupape de commande (23) et une amenée de carburant sous haute pression vers la chambre sous pression (9) à des fins d'injection. Il en résulte une très petite quantité de pré-injection. Pour qu'une quantité d'injection principale soit obtenue, le corps d'obturation (56) est mis dans une position centrale, entre les deux sièges de soupape (64, 60), et ainsi une liaison plus longue conduisant le flux de carburant sous haute pression vers la chambre sous pression (9) est établie.
EP98928124A 1997-09-24 1998-04-03 Dispositif d'injection de carburant pour moteurs a combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0960274B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19742073 1997-09-24
DE19742073A DE19742073A1 (de) 1997-09-24 1997-09-24 Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen
PCT/DE1998/000945 WO1999015783A1 (fr) 1997-09-24 1998-04-03 Dispositif d'injection de carburant pour moteurs a combustion interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0960274A1 true EP0960274A1 (fr) 1999-12-01
EP0960274B1 EP0960274B1 (fr) 2003-01-29

Family

ID=7843428

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98928124A Expired - Lifetime EP0960274B1 (fr) 1997-09-24 1998-04-03 Dispositif d'injection de carburant pour moteurs a combustion interne

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6067955A (fr)
EP (1) EP0960274B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001505976A (fr)
KR (1) KR20000069080A (fr)
CN (1) CN1104556C (fr)
DE (2) DE19742073A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999015783A1 (fr)

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GB9812889D0 (en) 1998-06-15 1998-08-12 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injector
DE19860678A1 (de) * 1998-12-29 2000-07-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen
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DE60043181D1 (de) 2000-04-01 2009-12-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung von Spannungen und Spannungsgradienten zum Antrieb eines piezoelektrischen Elements
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EP1139449A1 (fr) 2000-04-01 2001-10-04 ROBERT BOSCH GmbH Système d'injection de carburant
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DE60011038T2 (de) 2000-04-01 2005-07-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Zeit und Fall-kontrolliertes Aktivierungssystem für die Aufladung und die Entladung von piezoelektrischen Elementen
EP1139447A1 (fr) 2000-04-01 2001-10-04 Robert Bosch GmbH Méthode et appareil pour déterminer une capacité compensée en fréquence pour des organes piézoélectriques
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EP1138905B1 (fr) 2000-04-01 2004-07-07 Robert Bosch GmbH Appareil et méthode pour détecter une diminution de capacité lors du pilotage d'éléments piézoélectriques
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EP1139445A1 (fr) 2000-04-01 2001-10-04 Robert Bosch GmbH Methode et dispositif pour le diagnostique de faute dans un système utilisant un élément piezoelectrique
EP1138908B1 (fr) 2000-04-01 2005-10-19 Robert Bosch GmbH Commande d'un système d'injection avec des éléments piézoélectriques
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EP1138907B1 (fr) 2000-04-01 2006-10-04 Robert Bosch GmbH Système d'injection de combustible
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EP1138912A1 (fr) 2000-04-01 2001-10-04 Robert Bosch GmbH Optimalisation en ligne d'un système d'injection à éléments piezoélectriques
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US6067955A (en) 2000-05-30
CN1241244A (zh) 2000-01-12
DE59807067D1 (de) 2003-03-06
JP2001505976A (ja) 2001-05-08
KR20000069080A (ko) 2000-11-25
WO1999015783A1 (fr) 1999-04-01
EP0960274B1 (fr) 2003-01-29
DE19742073A1 (de) 1999-03-25
CN1104556C (zh) 2003-04-02

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