EP0967437A1 - Verbesserung an Verbrennungsgeräten mit mehreren Verbrennungsluftzufuhrkanälen - Google Patents

Verbesserung an Verbrennungsgeräten mit mehreren Verbrennungsluftzufuhrkanälen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0967437A1
EP0967437A1 EP99430011A EP99430011A EP0967437A1 EP 0967437 A1 EP0967437 A1 EP 0967437A1 EP 99430011 A EP99430011 A EP 99430011A EP 99430011 A EP99430011 A EP 99430011A EP 0967437 A1 EP0967437 A1 EP 0967437A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
register
registers
combustion
burner according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99430011A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0967437B1 (de
Inventor
Jacques Pizant
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Original Assignee
Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/002—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/008—Flow control devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L13/00—Construction of valves or dampers for controlling air supply or draught

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement made to combustion appliances comprising several transport conduits oxidizer.
  • the technical sector of the invention is the field of manufacture of burner combustion appliances, such as boilers, hot gas generators, ovens or others.
  • the present invention applies to combustion appliances using one or more solid and / or powdery fuels, or well fluids, which comprise at least one burner associated with at least two coaxial ducts for transporting gaseous oxidant.
  • the present invention applies in particular to installations of cogeneration of electrical and thermal energy in which exhaust gases from engines or turbines are heated by one or several burners, being used as oxidizer, then are used to produce steam, hot water or hot gases.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a system improved adjustment of the oxidizer flow rate delivered to the burners; the present invention applies to burners equipped with several circuits or oxidizer conduits; in such installations, a conduit central conveys an oxidizer current generally called primary, which surrounds and extends coaxially with the nose of the burner; one or several other annular section conduits extend around the central duct and carry a flow or stream of oxidant said secondary and where appropriate tertiary.
  • patent N ° FR 2,188,780 (Pillard) describes a sliding damper in which an external ferrule movable relative to a fixed internal ferrule is supported by pivots mounted on Watt parallelograms, ensuring movement (sliding) without no contact or friction; it has also been found in practice that this device does not allow stable and precise regulation of the air flow rate passing through the damper, these registers being used in practice ("all or nothing") to close completely or to open totally an air passage.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a burner and a combustion appliance fitted with an improved flow control system oxidizer.
  • the invention consists in proposing a burner associated with at least two ducts for transporting gaseous oxidant, which comprises at at least two sliding cylindrical registers, to allow adjustment independent of the respective oxidizer flow admitted through openings annular and / or arranged annularly in each of said conduits transport of oxidizer;
  • the burner has a central duct supply of primary oxidant (air), inside which coaxially extend a completed fuel injection pipe by one or more nozzles and a stabilizer comprising a hub forming a screen surrounding the rod, which is set back from the nozzles and is provided with peripheral fins, the burner further comprising a secondary oxidant (air) supply line extending around from the central duct;
  • each register is supported by a structure articulated comprising at least two or three parallelograms of Watt.
  • the burner according to the invention ensures combustion stable and low pollution for very operating conditions variable and allows full use of flame stability resulting from the stabilization device described in the patent N ° FR 2.122.820, which allows the creation of a fiery toric eddy at the birth of the flame and around it, improving the attachment, ignition and quality of the flame.
  • said cylindrical registers are coaxial, sliding mounted along their common longitudinal axis, and are of substantially identical diameter.
  • the flow adjustment oxidant circulating and / or admitted into the conduits can, on the one hand be carried out independently for each conduit in order to maintain oxidizer injection rates into the combustion chamber at predetermined values, and can on the other hand be performed more specifically, over a larger range of flow variation, and with variable oxidizer supply pressures.
  • the idea behind the invention is therefore to use a register with Watt parallelogram for each of the circuits of a fitted burner two separate air circuits, for example to obtain a reduction nitrogen oxide emissions by air staging, or to use turbine gases or ambient air in cogeneration.
  • a further improvement is to use these registers to adjust the flow rates in each circuit, regulating the position partial opening taking advantage of the fact that the parallelogram of Watt, without friction and without play, allows a precise and faithful adjustment. This adjustment is facilitated by having a grid at the openings perforated or grooved improving the progressiveness of the opening of the passage section.
  • Optimal performance in terms of stability and precision adjustment of partial opening of the damper, are obtained by providing a deformable seal ensuring contact between the fixed shell and the movable ferrule in any position of the register; this joint preferably takes the form of a metal broom annular which is engaged in an annular groove of the movable shell, which stiffens it.
  • the compactness of the assembly can in particular be optimized by providing for a crossing (or overlapping or overlapping) of registers and / or their support, guiding and translational drive, for certain open positions; this recovery can take place in the open position of two registers whose directions of opening movements are opposite.
  • the compactness of the assembly combining two or three registers is particularly optimized by providing registers whose diameters are such that the ratio of the diameter of the external register to the diameter of the internal register is less than or equal to 2 (and greater than 1 except in certain cases where the diameters are substantially identical), in particular of the order of 1.3 to 1.6.
  • diameter is meant the equivalent diameters of the profile cross section of the register, in case the cross section of oxidizer ducts and their associated registers is not in shape circular, but for example square or rectangular.
  • Another advantage provided by the invention is that it allows, in a combustion appliance equipped with two (at least) powered burners by combustion by a single duct, to regulate easily, precisely and stably, usually at the same value if it is identical burners, the oxidizer flow delivered to each each burner, and therefore makes it possible to resolve the difficulties inherent in such balancing of oxidizer flows regulated by registers arranged in parallel.
  • Each register can be fitted with sealing means prohibiting the passage of oxidizer in the closed position (and / or limiting as much as possible the "leakage" rate in this position); these sealing means may include a linked crown or flange (or fixed or integrated) at one longitudinal end of the damper; this crown is able to come into contact with (or press on) fixed crown (or flange) forming part of the structure of the device, in closing position of the register; a metal joint may have or be constituted by said flat crown fixed to the register and extending in a transverse plane (with reference to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the register); by making this crown in a sheet of thin, in particular of the order of 0.5 to 2 millimeters, this crown may deform slightly when pressed on the fixed crown of the structure, which ensures contact with the other end of the register, along its entire perimeter, with a second wall or crown fixed device, which therefore ensures closure substantially sealed from the register by circumferential contact of its two longitudinal ends with the fixed structure of the device combustion.
  • the structure of the cylindrical damper consists of a thin sheet, in particular of 1 to 3 millimeters, rolled and welded to form a ferrule cylindrical of circular section, which is provided with one or more annular or circumferential reinforcements (or stiffeners), which stiffen the structure of the register, which allows to obtain a light register of simple construction; this reinforcement can be obtained (or constituted) by a fold or circumferential undulation made in the sheet metal of the register.
  • This structure of multiple sliding registers is particularly suitable for outlet gas heating installations of gas engines or turbines, in cogeneration plants.
  • the gases escaping from the heater are heated engine or turbine by causing them to burn; in times of engine or turbine operation, these oxidizing gases are delivered in large quantities to burners at a temperature of the order of 500 ° C; when the engine or turbine stops, the burner is supplied with cold air, in much smaller quantity; the system according the invention allows in this operating mode, by closing of one of the registers, to adapt to these variations in operation.
  • This device is also suitable for air stage burners in which a first part of the combustion air is injected into the center of the burner, and the other part is injected by nozzles or by a annular space coaxial with the burner, on a diameter of the order of 1.2 to 2 times the diameter of the internal circuit; these burners are intended for reduce nitrogen oxide emissions.
  • each of the sliding cylindrical registers are constituted by an articulated structure comprising two or three Watt parallelograms, which is preferably actuated by a jack associated with each register, under the control of a control unit, and extends outside and around the movable cylindrical wall of each register; alternatively, this structure is actuated manually.
  • Figure 1 illustrates in partial cross-sectional view a combustion appliance equipped with a burner associated with two transport of oxidizer, each equipped with a sliding damper cylindrical.
  • Figure 2 is a simplified perspective view of the register of figure 1.
  • Figure 3 illustrates in cross-sectional (and longitudinal) view simplified the application of the invention to a burner associated with means of combustion smoke recirculation.
  • Figure 4 illustrates in partial longitudinal section view a burner equipped with two registers of the same diameter
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 4 illustrating the movable shell of a damper fitted with sealing brushes at each end.
  • the apparatus 1 to combustion allows the production of a flame 2 in a combustion 3 delimited by walls 4 of refractory material.
  • This burner is associated with a duct 8, extending along the axis longitudinal 7 of symmetry, transporting a fuel (liquid or pulverulent) up to the burner nose, as well as conduits 9 delivering gas (such as natural gas or LPG by example).
  • a fuel liquid or pulverulent
  • conduits 9 delivering gas (such as natural gas or LPG by example).
  • the wall 4 has a second annular orifice 10 which defines a conduit 11 for transporting oxidant gas through the wall 4.
  • a fixed structure consisting of a cylindrical shell 13 of axis 7 and a flange 14 essentially, delimits a central duct 12 serving also to the delivery of oxidizer to the nose 6a of the burner 6.
  • the apparatus 1 has a chamber 15 separate from the chamber 3 by the wall 4, and in which the conduits 8, 9 and a part extend of the structure 14, 13 of the burner, in which chamber 15 are admitted the gases (or the air serving as oxidizer) which are delivered by a conduit 16, according to a radial flow represented by arrow 17.
  • the device shown in Figures 1 to 3 includes a sliding register internal cylindrical 21, which is shown in the open position maximum in FIG. 1 and in the intermediate position in FIG. 3, and an external cylindrical sliding damper 19 shown in the position of closure in Figures 1 and 3; register 21 allows passage according to the arrow 20 of the oxidizing gases in the central channel 12 for transporting oxidizer to the burner nose, while register 19 prohibits the circulation 18 of oxidizer towards the second conduit or channel 11 of transport of the oxidant to the combustion chamber 3, in the position shown in Figures 1 and 3.
  • the register 21 mounted sliding along the axis 7, like the register 19, is in the form of a cylindrical shell of circular section, of which the end 21a can come by sliding, with a view to closing the passage 33, in contact with a wall 23 delimiting the chamber 15 and at through which lines 8 and 9 extend, as well as connecting rods 24 for moving registers 19 and 21.
  • Register 19 consists of a rolled sheet forming a ferrule cylindrical, provided (figure 1) in the central part with a corrugation 19b to reinforce it, extending from a first end 19a in contact with a flange 22 fitted to the wall 4 (in the closed position shown in Figure 1), to a second end (19d in Figure 2) or it is provided with a flat transverse sheet 19c ( Figures 1 and 3) forming a flange or crown and coming to bear against the flange 14 (making part of the fixed structure supporting the burner and the appliance combustion) to ensure a tight seal in this position.
  • Each of registers 19 and 21 is respectively supported, guided and set in motion via connecting rods 27 and 29 (for what concerns register 19), which connecting rods 27 and 29 (fork-shaped) are linked by a hinge 27a, 29a to a central link 28 to which is fixed the register 19 by a central articulation 28a, for form a Watt parallelogram; two Watt parallelograms arranged symmetrically with respect to a median longitudinal plane, as illustrated in Figure 2 in particular, as well as a third parallelogram of Watt 28, 34 serving as anti-rotation stabilizer, form the register guide system 19.
  • Each of the forks 27, 29 in a semi-circular arc is articulated, thanks to two pivots (arranged symmetrically on either side of a longitudinal plane containing the axis 7 and the axis of the control rod 24) 27b (respectively 29b), with respect to bars or support rods 35, partially shown, which are linked to the fixed structure.
  • the shell of the register 19 is thus suspended from the three pivots or joints 28a of the three links 28; according to an alternative, the third link 28 of the third parallelogram 34, 28 can be replaced by a guide preventing rotation of the ferrule 19.
  • An identical or smaller system comprising connecting rods or forks 30 and 32 and a central link 31, allows the same way support, guidance and drive in motion register 21; the registers are respectively activated by two cylinders 25 and 26, by means of a rod or connecting rod 24 extending at through bulkhead 23, and provided with an articulated connection with the fork 27 (respectively 30) ordered.
  • a similar device with double register sliding is used in a combustion appliance equipped with means smoke recycling, and a mixed burner.
  • Such a burner comprises a central supply duct 12 in primary air, means 8 for injecting liquid fuel into the hearth 3 arranged inside the central duct 12 (in the axis of this last), a flame stabilizer 55 disposed coaxially with the interior of this central duct 12, and several orifices 63 secondary air supply located outside the means injection 8 of liquid fuel and of line 12; means 9 injection of gaseous fuel are arranged in a ring between the injection means 8 of liquid fuel and the orifices 13 secondary air supply; these can be replaced with a single annular passage 11 arranged in a ring outside said injection means 9 and 8; stabilizer 55 includes means 55a forming a screen surrounding the rod 8, which is arranged set back from the nozzles and is fitted with peripheral fins 55b.
  • the device comprises a ring 53 1 of refractory material comprising all of the air supply, fuel injection and smoke recirculation orifices, which is mounted through the refractory wall 4 of the hearth 3 so that its front face 53, through which said orifices open, or projecting relative to the latter.
  • the means 9 for injecting gaseous fuel and the means for reinjection of the fumes which are preferably coaxial and have their orifices 9 combined, are located in the peripheral ring around the flame stabilizer 55.
  • the fuel injection ports as well than those of gaseous fuel and primary air supply, lead to the bottom of a bowl 56; it is hollowed out by relation to the refractory wall 53 which surrounds it and through which open out said orifices 63 and the fumes from the focus 2; the bowl may be in the form of a truncated cone.
  • the means 9 for injecting the gaseous fuel can be separate feeding rods, arranged in a ring around the means 8 for injecting liquid fuel and located in the conduit 12 primary air supply, or be replaced by nozzles mounted on a single ring arranged peripherally in a ring around the injection means 8 of the liquid fuel, and supplied by a single feeding rod.
  • the means 8 for injecting the liquid fuel can have multiple orifices, creating multiple flames independent in foyer 3 which can be either directed parallel to axis 7 of the burner, either divergent and oriented towards secondary air supply ports 63 to improve the combustion of said liquid fuel after a first phase of combustion with primary air.
  • the sliding register system according to the invention applies also advantageously to the burners described in application EP 774 620, which do not include smoke recirculation circuits.
  • the admission of oxidizer into the conduit 12 along arrow 20, is effected by passing through orifices circulars 13a regularly drilled in the rear part of the shell fixed 13; this ferrule is pierced in the front part with elongated orifices 13b allowing the passage, according to arrow 18, of the oxidizer from the chamber 15 to the duct 11 of annular section which surrounds the central duct 12.
  • Each of the mobile ferrules of the register before 19 and of the register rear 21 is provided at each longitudinal end with a corrugation annular delimiting a groove receiving a brush 99 ( Figure 5) seal which rests on the fixed shell 13.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
EP19990430011 1998-06-24 1999-06-23 Verbesserung an Verbrennungsgeräten mit mehreren Verbrennungsluftzufuhrkanälen Expired - Lifetime EP0967437B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9808255A FR2780488B1 (fr) 1998-06-24 1998-06-24 Amelioration aux appareils a combustion comportant plusieurs conduits de transport de comburant
FR9808255 1998-06-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0967437A1 true EP0967437A1 (de) 1999-12-29
EP0967437B1 EP0967437B1 (de) 2003-05-21

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19990430011 Expired - Lifetime EP0967437B1 (de) 1998-06-24 1999-06-23 Verbesserung an Verbrennungsgeräten mit mehreren Verbrennungsluftzufuhrkanälen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0967437B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69908023T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2198869T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2780488B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1191281A1 (de) * 2000-09-11 2002-03-27 John Zink Company,L.L.C. Brenner mit geringen NOx Emissionen und Verfahren zum Verbrennen von flüssigen und gasförmigen Brennstoffen
EP2378196A1 (de) * 2010-04-16 2011-10-19 Ammann Italy S.p.A. Brenner für Trockenzylinder und Verfahren zur Verwendung eines Brenners für Trockenzylinder

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1561182A (de) * 1967-12-14 1969-03-28
FR2188780A5 (de) * 1972-06-02 1974-01-18 Pillard Entrep Le Chauf
US3927520A (en) * 1974-02-04 1975-12-23 Gen Motors Corp Combustion apparatus with combustion and dilution air modulating means
EP0100135A1 (de) * 1982-07-22 1984-02-08 The Garrett Corporation Brennkammer
GB2136554A (en) * 1983-03-15 1984-09-19 Volcano Company Limited Oil burner and a method of effecting combustion therein
EP0128085A2 (de) * 1983-06-03 1984-12-12 Forney Engineering Company Brenneranlage und Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Kohle-Wasser-Gemischen
EP0774620A1 (de) * 1995-11-14 1997-05-21 ENTREPRISE GENERALE DE CHAUFFAGE INDUSTRIEL PILLARD. Société anonyme dite: Brenner für flüssigen oder gasförmigen Brennstoff mit sehr niedriger Stickoxidemission

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1561182A (de) * 1967-12-14 1969-03-28
FR2188780A5 (de) * 1972-06-02 1974-01-18 Pillard Entrep Le Chauf
US3927520A (en) * 1974-02-04 1975-12-23 Gen Motors Corp Combustion apparatus with combustion and dilution air modulating means
EP0100135A1 (de) * 1982-07-22 1984-02-08 The Garrett Corporation Brennkammer
GB2136554A (en) * 1983-03-15 1984-09-19 Volcano Company Limited Oil burner and a method of effecting combustion therein
EP0128085A2 (de) * 1983-06-03 1984-12-12 Forney Engineering Company Brenneranlage und Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Kohle-Wasser-Gemischen
EP0774620A1 (de) * 1995-11-14 1997-05-21 ENTREPRISE GENERALE DE CHAUFFAGE INDUSTRIEL PILLARD. Société anonyme dite: Brenner für flüssigen oder gasförmigen Brennstoff mit sehr niedriger Stickoxidemission

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1191281A1 (de) * 2000-09-11 2002-03-27 John Zink Company,L.L.C. Brenner mit geringen NOx Emissionen und Verfahren zum Verbrennen von flüssigen und gasförmigen Brennstoffen
US6422858B1 (en) 2000-09-11 2002-07-23 John Zink Company, Llc Low NOx apparatus and methods for burning liquid and gaseous fuels
EP2378196A1 (de) * 2010-04-16 2011-10-19 Ammann Italy S.p.A. Brenner für Trockenzylinder und Verfahren zur Verwendung eines Brenners für Trockenzylinder
WO2011128865A3 (en) * 2010-04-16 2011-12-15 Ammann Italy S.P.A. Burner for drying cylinders and method for using a burner for drying cylinders

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0967437B1 (de) 2003-05-21
FR2780488A1 (fr) 1999-12-31
DE69908023D1 (de) 2003-06-26
DE69908023T2 (de) 2004-01-08
ES2198869T3 (es) 2004-02-01
FR2780488B1 (fr) 2000-10-13

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