EP0971065A2 - Procédé et dispositif de préparation de fibres naturelles, en particulier de fibres de bambou, pour utilisation comme matière de renforcement - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de préparation de fibres naturelles, en particulier de fibres de bambou, pour utilisation comme matière de renforcement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0971065A2
EP0971065A2 EP99112805A EP99112805A EP0971065A2 EP 0971065 A2 EP0971065 A2 EP 0971065A2 EP 99112805 A EP99112805 A EP 99112805A EP 99112805 A EP99112805 A EP 99112805A EP 0971065 A2 EP0971065 A2 EP 0971065A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fiber
stage
water
bamboo
fine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99112805A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0971065A3 (fr
Inventor
Lothar Dr.-Ing. Rauer
Johannes Dr.-Phil.Ph Wilhelm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Foundation For Development Aid Acp-Eec Asbl
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0971065A2 publication Critical patent/EP0971065A2/fr
Publication of EP0971065A3 publication Critical patent/EP0971065A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
    • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
    • D01B1/14—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/50—Obtaining fibres from other specified vegetable matter, e.g. peat, Spanish moss
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
    • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
    • D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
    • D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of extraction and Treatment of natural fibers from fibrous, natural thus renewable raw materials, especially from bamboo materials, which as Reinforcing materials in the most commonly used at the moment Matrix substances should be suitable.
  • Fiber material is well known as both an inorganic and an organic material for reinforcing a wide variety of matrix substances, and thus also many of the products that can be made from these materials, for example DE 36 14 533 and DE 39 27 777 and many more
  • the existence and development of the technical literature in this field shows that the professional world has paid little or no attention to the extraction, processing and further processing of bamboo fibers. Technological development has so far dealt with organic fillers and reinforcing materials using traditional fiber materials that are predominantly European.
  • organic fibers of synthetic origin for reinforcement sometimes it is appropriate to use organic fibers of synthetic origin for reinforcement.
  • Synthetic fibers with fiber diameters d F 5 ⁇ m ⁇ d F ⁇ 50 ⁇ m are being used more and more.
  • different goals are pursued, e.g. short glass fibers with l F / d F ⁇ 10 for the reinforcement of very soft thermoplastics and long glass fibers with l F / d F ⁇ 1000 for the reinforcement of brittle thermosets.
  • synthetic textile or glass fibers in the case of prefabricated thin-walled concrete products instead of previously used asbestos fibers have made it possible to significantly improve important usability properties such as mechanical strength and flexural strength, whereby, for example, acquisition costs of 3.00-4.00 DM / kg for short glass fibers have so far been used in large numbers Limited materials.
  • bamboo thus significantly outperforms all domestic fiber plants if it is assumed that such fibers or fiber bundles of different lengths and thicknesses will normally be larger than the woody bamboo fiber cells that are technologically important for further processing ⁇ m in dimensions with diameters d Z, wall thicknesses and lengths ⁇ 6 ⁇ m s Z l tot ⁇ 1.300-4.300 ⁇ m.
  • the mechanical resilience of many economically interesting bamboo genera or species such as Bambusa, Arundinaria, Phyllostachys and Fargesia is relatively large, especially the absorbable bending stress.
  • bamboo for example, coniferous woods are dominated by the up to 140% higher bending strength and the up to 85% higher tensile strength.
  • tensile stress in which, for example, the average tensile strength values of hemp fibers are exceeded by a factor of 3-4 and of flax fibers by a factor of 2-3 by bamboo fiber bundles.
  • the raw bamboo with the delivery dimensions length 1 ⁇ 1.0 m and diameter d ⁇ 0.15 m is fed to the pre-shredding 1, which can be designed, for example, as a slow-moving cutting unit with upstream rollers that improve the intake.
  • the pre-shredding 1 which can be designed, for example, as a slow-moving cutting unit with upstream rollers that improve the intake.
  • There it is sold in piece sizes of max. 5 cm disassembled and then fed to the feed wash 2.
  • This laundry is charged with circulating water 3 from complex water purification 5 and with raw water 6 from mechanical water purification 7, for example in a ratio of 1: 1, plus an adequate supply of fresh water 19.
  • the feed wash 2 causes the impurities that may be attached to the surface to be separated off, for example from plant protection and / or preservation measures and prevents possible carryover of chemicals into the fiber extraction process.
  • the wastewater 4 is returned to the complex water purification system 5, which is designed on the plant side in a manner known per se and is to be operated according to known methods for separating pollutants from contaminated waters.
  • the washed feed material then passes into the plasticization 9, which is preceded by the coarse fiberization 11 and is subjected to wet steam / saturated steam 8, which is designed as a continuous reactor and feeds directly into the feed area of the subsequent coarse fiberization unit 11.
  • wet steam / saturated steam 8 which is designed as a continuous reactor and feeds directly into the feed area of the subsequent coarse fiberization unit 11.
  • the condensate 10 from the plasticization 9 is considered to be contaminated with non-fibrous bamboo constituents and, after the solids separation, in which residues 12 to be disposed of are incurred and carried away, is designed in a water purification device 7 known per se, for example as a lamella or inclined pipe clarifier, a heat exchanger for waste heat utilization 13 fed.
  • the cleaned raw water 6 is returned to the feed wash 2.
  • the moist material given up by the plasticizing 9 directly into the application area of the coarse fiberization 11, which preferably works according to a modified extrusion principle with a mechanical construction known per se, is heated to temperatures> 100 ° C. by the pressing action of the screws of the extruder, so that this is up to water that has penetrated the plant cells begins to boil.
  • the coarse fiberization stage 11 leads to an order of magnitude in the achievable fiber length l F of approximately 20 mm.
  • the fibers with l F 20 20 mm are discharged as finished goods 15 from the current dryer 14 known per se.
  • the raw bamboo is also fed to the pre-shredding 1 with the delivery dimensions length 1 1.0 m and diameter 0 0.15 m.
  • further plasticization and thus further loosening of the grown bamboo structure is carried out at a process chamber pressure of 6 bar and a process temperature of approx. 150 ° C.
  • the coarse fiberization according to embodiment 1 with its result of the fiber length l F of approx. 20 mm is followed by a fine fiberization 20. This fine fiberization is provided as a high-speed disk mill.
  • the fine fiberization stage 20 leads to an order of magnitude in the achievable fiber length l F of approximately 1 mm. After the fine fiberization stage 20, the material flow reaches the power dryer 14. The fibers with l F ⁇ 1 mm are discharged as finished goods 15. Fibers with excess length l F > 1mm 16 are separated in the current dryer and fed back to the extruder in the fine fiberization 20 for gentle subsequent comminution.
  • wood chips In the pre-shredding process, easily manageable wood chips are to be produced on machines known per se, such as guillotine shears or drum chippers. It is essential that the pre-shredding by suitable devices ensures the extraction of pre-shredded bamboo pieces, hereinafter referred to as wood chips, with variable wood chip lengths.
  • wood chips In the subsequent preparation process, bamboo fibers / bamboo fiber bundles with a maximum length specified by the fiber application and variable fiber bundle length distribution are to be obtained therefrom.
  • the wood chips which are washed into the coarse fiberization before the task, are metered into a known percussion or chip mill, captured in the mill by a strong air stream and thrown specifically against the knives arranged tangentially in the air stream and rotating at high speed.
  • the undersize for example with a largest diameter d F ⁇ 1 mm
  • the oversize for example with a smallest diameter d F ⁇ 2 mm
  • the finished product for example with 1 mm ⁇ d F ⁇ 2 mm
  • the subsequent dry fine fiberization of the oversize fraction e.g.
  • d F ⁇ 2 mm can be implemented depending on the fiber length spectrum to be manufactured using equipment known per se, such as a disk mill, with the help of a screw extruder or in the air flow of a micro-vortex mill may be combined with a solid separation, a fine fiber classifier and an additional fine fiber bunker.
  • This exemplary embodiment relates to the results of the one-step defibration of dry bamboo chips in a chip mill of a design known per se (see above).
  • Table 1 shows the fiber length distribution for 3 different mill settings (variation of the sieve plate geometry with 10 mm x 10 mm, 30 mm x 3 mm and 80 mm x 8 mm) when extracting bamboo fibers and gives an extract from the possible range of variations qualitative and quantitative properties of the fiber bundle-shaped products.
  • pre-dried bamboo sticks (length ⁇ 2 m, thickness ⁇ 15 cm) in a pre-shredding device designed as a drum chipper dismantled to the size of the feed piece with a length of ⁇ 3 cm. Then you give the pre-shredded dry bamboo pieces, in the further chips called that with different shredding tools and Classification facilities equipped defibrillation unit.
  • the chosen form of result description with sieve analysis is neither represents a real grain size - nor a real fiber length distribution; it only those that appear after a long sieving time (t ⁇ 10 min) Indifference classes described.
  • a slow-running twin-screw extruder (screw speed ⁇ 100 min -1 , free exit cross-section approx. 50%) was used to defibrate moist bamboo chips (l tot ⁇ 30 mm, input moisture ⁇ ⁇ 30%) and the results achieved with a single-stage defibration compared the same feed material in a chip mill with discharge sieve 8 mm x 8 mm.
  • the total fiberization of the bamboo chips in a twin-screw extruder with a mechanical design known per se is carried out in such a way that the damp material which is fed in is heated to temperatures> 100 ° C.
  • the extruder discharge material is fed to a classifying device, preferably a vibrating screen that is coupled with a drying device in terms of process technology, for the separation of coarse material.
  • a classifying device preferably a vibrating screen that is coupled with a drying device in terms of process technology, for the separation of coarse material.
  • fiber lengths l F 20 20 mm were aimed at, so that excess lengths discharged from the extruder with l F 20 20 mm had to be separated and fed back to the extruder for gentle re-comminution.
  • the combination according to the invention can be found in this exemplary embodiment mechanical fiber processing with fiber drying again. It is to distinguish that it can be useful on the one hand, the rod-shaped Raw bamboo already at the producer for storage and transport reasons before its coarse shredding to a residual moisture content of approx. 12 - 15% pre-dry. On the other hand, it is because of the dust development Size reduction and because of the lower wear effect of moist Raw bamboo is advantageous in cutting processing machines, Set input moisture content> 20%. Such moisture values are because the associated agglomeration tendency, especially the finer bamboo fibers in the subsequent classification, especially on Vibrating screens of various designs, very disadvantageous. Also the Storage and transportability of all manufactured bamboo products through such Humidity values adversely affected. This is definitely the narrow one There is a connection between mechanical bamboo processing and drying.
  • the rod-shaped, fibrous, organic raw material preferably the bamboo already described above, is given up in all process examples, which is technologically the same, but adjustable with respect to the length of the products to be obtained. It may be advantageous to arrange the feed wash 2 contained in other examples as a humidification section before the pre-shredding 1 (not included in FIG. 4). After the pre-shredding 1, the feed material to be shredded reaches a known high-speed coarse shredding stage 11 and is discharged after discharge from this downstream classification stage 16.1, primarily as a multi-deck sieve known per se.
  • the fine material 21 which is still discharged (for example d F ⁇ 2 mm) is fed to a downstream classification 16.2 via the drying unit 14 for division into further fiber fractions (21.1; 21.2; 21.3).
  • Both classification levels 16.1 and 16.2 should be equipped with one or more multi-deck screening machines, each equipped with screen cleaning devices such as pounding bottoms.
  • the oversize grain 23 is fed into a fine fiberization 20, preferably designed as a disk mill with a grinding gap that can be adjusted to about 0.2 mm.
  • the fine material 21 already obtained in the coarse fiberization stage 11 depending on the crushing and classifying tools installed there and the discharge material 24 of the above-mentioned fine fiberization 20 are combined (supply of material from 16.1 in accordance with the dotted arrow direction before item 14) or separately from the switchable, subsequent drying 14 supplied for fines.
  • the dryer design as a current or layer dryer results from the fine grain mass fraction ⁇ 0.5 mm and should in particular exclude operating conditions at risk of dust explosion.
  • the possibility of switching on a device known per se that is suitable for drying fine material can be very useful if too high a feed moisture content (eg water content> 15%) impairs the sieve classification due to agglomeration effects of the sieved material 21, 24.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
EP99112805A 1998-07-06 1999-07-04 Procédé et dispositif de préparation de fibres naturelles, en particulier de fibres de bambou, pour utilisation comme matière de renforcement Withdrawn EP0971065A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19831433 1998-07-06
DE1998131433 DE19831433A1 (de) 1998-07-06 1998-07-06 Verfahren und Anordnung zur Gewinnung von Naturfasern, insbesondere Bambusfasern, die den Zweck der Verstärkung erfüllen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0971065A2 true EP0971065A2 (fr) 2000-01-12
EP0971065A3 EP0971065A3 (fr) 2001-01-03

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EP99112805A Withdrawn EP0971065A3 (fr) 1998-07-06 1999-07-04 Procédé et dispositif de préparation de fibres naturelles, en particulier de fibres de bambou, pour utilisation comme matière de renforcement

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0971065A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE19831433A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1130139A1 (fr) * 2000-03-02 2001-09-05 Aston AG Arrangement et procédé pour obtenir et traiter des matières premières fibreuses pouvant repousser
EP1213393A1 (fr) * 2000-12-06 2002-06-12 Lothar Dr.-Ing. Rauer Procédé pour renforcer des mixtures minérales, en particulier des mixtures terreuses, en utilisant des matériaux fibreux
WO2003070656A1 (fr) * 2002-02-25 2003-08-28 Foundation For Development Aid Acp-Eec Asbl Non-tisse fibreux, corps non-tisse, corps composite non-tisse, procede pour produire un non-tisse fibreux et son utilisation
WO2003089699A1 (fr) * 2002-04-10 2003-10-30 Ziqun Zhao Fibre de bambou et sa fabrication
EP2322713A1 (fr) * 2009-11-11 2011-05-18 Aarsen Holding B.V. Procédé de fabrication de fibres de bambou et matières synthétiques en étant pourvues
CN102242404A (zh) * 2011-06-17 2011-11-16 浙江农林大学 一种高效可控竹子茎杆制造纤维的方法
RU2446237C1 (ru) * 2010-11-03 2012-03-27 Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт механизации льноводства Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук (ГНУ ВНИИМЛ Россельхозакадемии) Способ и устройство для подготовки льняной тресты к трепанию
EP2457714A1 (fr) 2010-11-29 2012-05-30 Leibniz-Institut für Agrartechnik Potsdam-Bornim e.V. (ATB) Procédé de fabrication des fibres et de matières fibreuses
WO2014086975A1 (fr) * 2012-12-07 2014-06-12 Lothar Rauer Matériau composite et procédé de production dudit matériau
WO2014096355A1 (fr) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Lothar Rauer Procédé de fabrication de fibres de renforcement
US20160311467A1 (en) * 2013-12-10 2016-10-27 Continental Structural Plastics Inc. I-beam with reinforced skin
CN116984898A (zh) * 2023-07-19 2023-11-03 广东合正科技有限公司 一种用于电路板垫板加工的全自动生产系统

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10019824A1 (de) * 2000-04-20 2001-10-25 Lothar Rauer Herstellungsverfahren für Baustoffe und Bauteile unter Verwendung fasriger Materialien
DE10115831A1 (de) * 2001-03-31 2002-10-17 Lothar Rauer Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Naturfasern, insbesondere Bambusfasern, die den Zweck der Verstärkungsfasern erfüllen
DE102023114715A1 (de) * 2023-06-05 2024-12-05 Andritz Küsters Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zum Herstellen von verspinnbaren Bastfasern bzw. eines Bastfadens

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4857145A (en) * 1987-07-13 1989-08-15 Process Evaluation And Development Corporation Process for making a pulp from bamboo
DE3730687C2 (de) * 1987-09-12 1996-07-18 Claas Saulgau Gmbh Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Flachs
BE1003727A3 (fr) * 1988-09-13 1992-06-02 Claas Saulgau Gmbh Procede et dispositif pour la recolte et la preparation de lin.
FR2680375B1 (fr) * 1991-08-12 1994-05-13 Inst Textile De France Procede de fabrication d'un fil de lin au mouille et fil de lin obtenu.
DE19501618A1 (de) * 1995-01-20 1995-09-21 Thueringisches Inst Textil Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Flachs
DE19518188C2 (de) * 1995-05-21 1998-06-10 Rolf Dr Hesch Verfahren zur Entfaserung bzw. Entholzung von Bastfasergewächsen
JP3595609B2 (ja) * 1995-07-10 2004-12-02 株式会社エーアンドエーマテリアル 補強用竹繊維及びその製造方法並びに該補強用竹繊維を使用した無機質成形体及びその製造方法

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1130139A1 (fr) * 2000-03-02 2001-09-05 Aston AG Arrangement et procédé pour obtenir et traiter des matières premières fibreuses pouvant repousser
EP1213393A1 (fr) * 2000-12-06 2002-06-12 Lothar Dr.-Ing. Rauer Procédé pour renforcer des mixtures minérales, en particulier des mixtures terreuses, en utilisant des matériaux fibreux
WO2003070656A1 (fr) * 2002-02-25 2003-08-28 Foundation For Development Aid Acp-Eec Asbl Non-tisse fibreux, corps non-tisse, corps composite non-tisse, procede pour produire un non-tisse fibreux et son utilisation
WO2003089699A1 (fr) * 2002-04-10 2003-10-30 Ziqun Zhao Fibre de bambou et sa fabrication
EP2322713A1 (fr) * 2009-11-11 2011-05-18 Aarsen Holding B.V. Procédé de fabrication de fibres de bambou et matières synthétiques en étant pourvues
RU2446237C1 (ru) * 2010-11-03 2012-03-27 Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт механизации льноводства Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук (ГНУ ВНИИМЛ Россельхозакадемии) Способ и устройство для подготовки льняной тресты к трепанию
EP2457714A1 (fr) 2010-11-29 2012-05-30 Leibniz-Institut für Agrartechnik Potsdam-Bornim e.V. (ATB) Procédé de fabrication des fibres et de matières fibreuses
DE102010062153A1 (de) * 2010-11-29 2012-05-31 Leibniz-Institut für Agrartechnik Bornim e.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faserstoffen
CN102242404A (zh) * 2011-06-17 2011-11-16 浙江农林大学 一种高效可控竹子茎杆制造纤维的方法
CN102242404B (zh) * 2011-06-17 2013-11-20 浙江农林大学 一种可控竹子茎杆制造纤维的方法
WO2014086975A1 (fr) * 2012-12-07 2014-06-12 Lothar Rauer Matériau composite et procédé de production dudit matériau
WO2014096355A1 (fr) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Lothar Rauer Procédé de fabrication de fibres de renforcement
US20160311467A1 (en) * 2013-12-10 2016-10-27 Continental Structural Plastics Inc. I-beam with reinforced skin
CN116984898A (zh) * 2023-07-19 2023-11-03 广东合正科技有限公司 一种用于电路板垫板加工的全自动生产系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19831433A1 (de) 2000-01-13
EP0971065A3 (fr) 2001-01-03

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