EP0983776B1 - Sicherheitssystem für den Bau - Google Patents
Sicherheitssystem für den Bau Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0983776B1 EP0983776B1 EP99306988A EP99306988A EP0983776B1 EP 0983776 B1 EP0983776 B1 EP 0983776B1 EP 99306988 A EP99306988 A EP 99306988A EP 99306988 A EP99306988 A EP 99306988A EP 0983776 B1 EP0983776 B1 EP 0983776B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bag
- segments
- bags
- building
- safety apparatus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001544487 Macromiidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019592 roughness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/32—Safety or protective measures for persons during the construction of buildings
- E04G21/3204—Safety or protective measures for persons during the construction of buildings against falling down
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
- A62B1/22—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of jumping devices, e.g. jumping-sheets, jumping-mattresses
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/32—Safety or protective measures for persons during the construction of buildings
- E04G21/3261—Safety-nets; Safety mattresses; Arrangements on buildings for connecting safety-lines
- E04G21/3271—Safety mattresses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to building safety systems, and more particularly to safety systems for protecting workers working at elevated heights.
- the main object of the present invention is to provide a safety device which reduces the risk of injury from falls inside a building being constructed.
- All of these devices are intended primarily for use when people are expected to jump from buildings, typically when there is a fire. The device will be brought to the scene by the emergency service and deployed appropriately.
- the bags can be multi-chambered with valves coupling the chambers to allow controlled air flow between the chambers in response to a person landing on the bag.
- the general purpose of the present invention is to provide safety of a different kind, and more specifically passive safety for people working on buildings, typically buildings in the course of being constructed. Although it might be possible to provide an array of bags of the above types, the cost would be large and the effectiveness would be limited.
- the present invention provides safety apparatus for use with buildings, comprising pump means and bag means inflatable thereby to cushion a person failing thereon, characterized in that the bag means comprise a plurality of chambers coupled together by valves controllable to isolate or interconnect the chambers such that the bag means can be adjusted to a desired plan shape
- the bag means preferably comprises a bag having internal dividers dividing it into segments and valve means for controllably coupling the segments together.
- the bag means may also comprise a plurality of separate bags which can be coupled together. Cover means may be provided for covering the coupled bags.
- the bag means may include internal bracing for shape control. Alarm means may be provided for indicating over- and/or under-pressure.
- this apparatus can also be used in other situations, eg the maintenance or repair of the interiors of buildings, or even adjacent to the outside of buildings and similar structures.
- the invention also provides a method of protecting workers on elevated portions of a budding comprising providing inflated bag means as just defined claim in the interior of the building or parts thereof and/or adjacent the outside of the building or parts thereof.
- the apparatus comprises an inflatable bag 10 which is fed by an air pump 11.
- the bag is primarily intended for use in the interior of partially built buildings, where it will placed in a room which is defined by partially or fully built walls.
- a ground sheet of protective material is preferably first laid over the floor of the room, to protect the bag from damage (eg abrasion) from roughnesses on the floor, articles on the floor, small projections through the floor, etc, and the bag is laid out in the room in tile deflated condition.
- the pump 11 is then connected to the bag, which is thereby inflated.
- a cover sheet is preferably placed over the bag, either before or after inflation.
- the bag has a height of around 1.5 m when inflated. If a worker working on the building in the region above the bag should accidentally fall, they will land on the bag, which will cushion their fall and reduce or prevent injury.
- the bag will typically be inflated to a pressure of a few psi (20 kPa), preferably 1-2 psi (20-40 kPa). This is somewhat greater than required to ensure virtually no injury to a worker falling from a height of a few metres and landing flat (prone or supine), and should largely ensure safety for workers falling awkwardly (eg at awkward angles or head first).
- the bag is not intended to be perfectly air-tight. Further, it will be liable to be damaged, eg by heavy pointed tools which may be dropped on it. After the bag has been inflated, therefore, the air pump 11 will normally be kept running permanently, to maintain the inflation of the bag. To control the forces on the walls of the room, it may be desirable to control the pressure in the bag. This may be done by manually reducing the pump speed and power once the bag reaches the intended pressure, by providing a pressure relief valve which limits the pressure, or by providing a pressure sensor which controls the pump.
- junctions 14 and further branches 15 in the outlet pipe from the pump may be driven from the same pump 11, by providing junctions 14 and further branches 15 in the outlet pipe from the pump.
- One-way valves are preferably included in the piping and/or entry points to the bags if this is done.
- the size of the bag 10 can conveniently be around 5 x 7.5 m, and it can therefore be used in a room of up to that size. For smaller rooms, the bag can be used without change. However, using the bag in that way in a smaller room will result in the top (and bottom) surfaces of the bag bulging greatly. This effect can be reduced by providing the bag with internal bracing elements connected between the top and bottom surfaces, but folding into substantial hills and valleys will still occur. To reduce this effect, the bag is therefore divided internally into 3 x 5 segments, as indicated. These segments are connected to each other by means of valves which can be manually opened or closed. The effective size of the bag can therefore be adjusted to match the size of the room it is to be used in.
- the bag is shown as divided into 3 rows of 5 segments per row.
- the segments are shown as all of the same size, which will therefore be around 1 x 2.5 m. It may however be desirable for the segments to be of different sizes. There may for example be a large central segment, with say 3 narrow segments of say around 0.25 m width on one side and 2 or 3 medium segments of say aronnd 1 m width on its other side. By closing off suitable combinations of narrow and medium segments, the width of the bag may thus be adjusted in 0.25 m steps -over a total range of 3 or 4 m.
- the bag may similarly have narrow and medium segments along its other sides to adjust its length. (This may involve further small square and rectangular segments at the corners.)
- the bag has internal vertical bracing elements in at least the larger segments, to keep its upper surface reasonably flat. This will also keep the lower surface reasonably flat.
- the flatness of the lower surface is not so important as the flatness of the upper surface, but both surfaces should be reasonably flat, to reduce bounce -when a worker falls on the bag.
- These bracing elements may be in the form of sheet material (with holes cut out so that air can move freely in each segment), or straps or rope-like ties.
- Horizontal bracing elements can similarly be provided in one or both directions to hold the sides of the segments reasonably flat in the vertical plane. It is the outside walls of the outermost inflated segments of the bag whose bulging may need to be controlled or limited; the shape of the divisions between inflated segments inside the bag are not of particular interest (and will tend to be flat anyway).
- the outer parts of the top of the bag may be slightly higher than the main body of its upper surface. This can be achieved by making the outer segment along each side of the bag slightly higher than the other segments, and by segment coupling means which allow the innermost and outermost segments to be inflated but allow desired intermediate segments to be closed off and left uninflated.
- the outer segments may also be designed to be slightly wider, ie wedge-shaped, so that they are slightly wider at the top than at the bottom.
- the bag as so far described is adapted for use in rectangular moms.
- the bag may be adjusted to match the maximum dimensions. It is however desirable to be able to couple bags together, so that additional and separate small bags may be attached to the main bag, as indicated at 12 in Fig. 1.
- additional and separate small bags may be attached to the main bag, as indicated at 12 in Fig. 1.
- the small bags may be rectangular, as shown, or other shapes.
- the mechanical coupling means may have any convenient form, typically consisting of male and female elements such as such as hooks and eyes, or may comprise short straps and buckles.
- Fixing means may be provided for fixing the cover in place; such fixing means may be similar to the coupling hooks for coupling bags together, or the coupling hooks may also be used as cover fixing means.
- cover strips may be used which can be fixed along the joins between bags or across uninflated segments.
- the fixing means may be of the hook and eye material type.
- the main bag assembly is chosen or adjusted to be slightly smaller than the room, it may be convenient to use a border bag, placed around the border or periphery of the main bag assembly (the main bag 10, together with any auxiliary bags 11) to fill in any gap between the main bag assembly and the walls of the room.
- the border bag will be placed at the top edge of the main bag assembly, preferably being attached to fixing points part way down the sides of the main bag assembly or along the bottom edges of that assembly, eg by suitable straps.
- the border bag will preferably be profiled to protrude above the general surface level. of the main bag assembly and to have its upper surface sloping downwards towards the main bag assembly.
- the cover or cover strips may also be used to cover the join between the main bag assembly and the border bag.
- Alarm means may be provided for indicating loss of pressure in the bag.
- a whistle may be used, in conjunction with a pressure valve which closes if the pressure exceeds the lower safe limit. This may be connected in series with a control valve which can only be opened slowly. When the bag is being inflated, the control valve will be closed. The control valve will be manually opened when the bag is fully inflated; as the control valve opens, so the pressure at its outlet will rise slowly, and the whistle will sound briefly before the pressure rises to the point at which the pressure valve closes. This will prevent the whistle from sounding continuously while the bag is being inflated, but will provide a check on the operation of the alarm. (The alarm may be checked at any time by closing and re-opening the control valve.) Similar alarm means may be provided for indicating excessive pressure.
- Fig. 2 is a simplified sectional view of one end of the bag 10 .
- the bag is divided into 3 segments 20-22 by internal walls 23 and 24, which may be made of the same material as the outer walls of the bag.
- These internal walls include valves 25, which can conveniently be around 100 to 150 mm in diameter.
- One or more valves may be provided between each pair of adjacent segments.
- Each valve may consist of a screw-threaded neck and a cap which can be screwed onto the neck to close the valve or unscrewed and removed from the neck to open the valve.
- a cord preferably attaches the cap to the neck, so that the cap cannot become lost in the bag segment when the valve is opened.
- the segment adjacent to the valve has a slot.26 in its sarface as shown. This slot has a zip or the dike to keep it normally closed, but can be opened to allow an operator access to the valve to open or close it.
- Each segment also has an internal brace 27 which helps to keep its top and bottom surfaces from bulging excessively when inflated.
- the braces 27 may conveniently be made of the same material as the outer walls of the bag, with a suitable number of holes 28 in them to ensure that there is no significant restriction on the distribution of air throughout the segment. These braces also control the bulging at the ends of the segments.
- Horizontal braces may also be provided if desired, running across the segments. Such braces will have to be of the cord or strap type, passing through the holes 28 in the vertical braces 27.
- Valves 30, similar to the valves 25, are provided at suitable points around the periphery of the bag 10.
- One of these valves may be used as the air inlet from the pump 11.
- Others may be used to couple auxiliary bags 12 to the main bag 10 (or to couple auxiliary bags together), using short lengths of connecting hose similar to the hose from the pump 11.
- These outer valves may also be used to deflate the bag when it is being removed from the room.
- the slots 26 may also be used for this pnrpose, and further similar slots (not shown) may be provided if desired.
- the valves 30 may be of any convenient form, such as male and female press fit connectors, bayonet type connectors, all male press fit connectors with separate short double female coupling elements (or vice versa), etc.
- External valves which are not used to couple two bags together or as feed valves must of course be closed off. This can be done by providing stop elements which can be attached to the valves, or by providing internal flaps in the bags which can be used to close off the valves similarly to the internal valves 25.
- a row of fixing means 31 is provided around the top edge of the bag, for coupling bags together and/or fixing a cover sheet over the bag or bags.
- the fixing means may be of the spring hook type, so that they can be safely linked together but can easily be unlinked manually when desired.
- Similar fixing means may be provided along the top and bottom of the bag opposite the internal walls 23 and 24, so that uninflated segments can be mechanically held collapsed and empty.
- Fig. 3 shows a slightly modified form of bag 35, consisting of a single segment of generally rectangular shape.
- Male connectors 36 are provided along one long top edge and an adjacent short top edge and the corresponding bottom edges; and female connectors 37 along the remaining top and bottom edges, for attaching the bags together.
- the bag also has diagonal internal braces 38 to hold it in approximately rectangular shape when inflated.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Claims (8)
- Sicherheitsvorrichtung für den Bau mit einer Pumpeneinrichtung (11) und einer Kissenanordnung (10, 12), die durch die Pumpeneinrichtung aufblasbar ist, um eine darauffallende Person abzufedern,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kissenanordnung eine Mehrzahl von Kammern (Fig. 1) aufweist, die miteinander über Ventile (25, 30) verbunden sind, welche steuerbar sind, um die Kammern gegeneinander abzusperren oder miteinander zu verbinden, so daß die Kissenanordnung auf eine gewünschte Grundrißform eingestellt werden kann (Fig. 1). - Sicherheitsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kissenanordnung ein Kissen (10) mit inneren Teilungswänden (24) aufweist, durch die das Kissen in Segmente unterteilt wird, und daß Ventile (25) vorgesehen sind, um die Segmente steuerbar miteinander zu kuppeln. - Sicherheitsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kissenanordnung mehrere getrennte Kissen (10, 12) aufweist, die miteinander gekuppelt werden können. - Sicherheitsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2,
gekennzeichnet durch Mittel, welche eine pneumatische Kupplungseinrichtung (30) und mechanische Verbindungsmittel (31, 36) aufweisen, um mehrere Kissen miteinander zu kuppeln. - Sicherheitsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 und 4,
gekennzeichnet durch Abdeckmittel zum Abdecken der miteinander gekuppelten Kissen. - Sicherheitsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
gekennzeichnet durch eine innere Ausstelfung (27, 34) in der Kissenanordnung, um eine Einstellung der Form zu bewirken. - Sicherheitsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
gekennzeichnet durch eine Alarmeinrichtung zur Anzeige eines Überdruckes und/oder eines Unterdruckes. - Verfahren zum Schutz von Arbeitern, die in erhöhten Abschnitten eines Gebäudes tätig sind, bei welchem eine aufblasbare Kissenanordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche im inneren des Gebäudes oder in Teilen des Gebäudes und/oder benachbart zur Außenseite des Gebäudes oder von Teilen hiervon vorgesehen wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9819070 | 1998-09-02 | ||
| GBGB9819070.5A GB9819070D0 (en) | 1998-09-02 | 1998-09-02 | Building safety system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0983776A1 EP0983776A1 (de) | 2000-03-08 |
| EP0983776B1 true EP0983776B1 (de) | 2002-12-11 |
Family
ID=10838185
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99306988A Expired - Lifetime EP0983776B1 (de) | 1998-09-02 | 1999-09-02 | Sicherheitssystem für den Bau |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0983776B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE229358T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE69904410T2 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2190816T3 (de) |
| GB (1) | GB9819070D0 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110758214A (zh) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-07 | 江苏智动装备技术研究院有限公司 | 一种气囊追踪承接式应急救援车 |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0024170D0 (en) * | 2000-10-03 | 2000-11-15 | Price Christopher G | Impact-absorbing unit |
| GB0301974D0 (en) * | 2003-01-29 | 2003-02-26 | Safety Arrest Solutions Ltd | Safety cushion apparatus |
| GB0317594D0 (en) * | 2003-07-28 | 2003-08-27 | Nattrass Mark A | User support |
| GB0411368D0 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2004-06-23 | Soft Landing System Ltd | An impact-absorbing unit |
| GB0411364D0 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2004-06-23 | Soft Landing System Ltd | A fall arrest unit |
| GB0418311D0 (en) * | 2004-08-17 | 2004-09-15 | Robson William | Fall arrest system |
| GB0506672D0 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2005-05-11 | Hutchinson Colin W | Vehicle safety system |
| US7900747B2 (en) | 2005-12-23 | 2011-03-08 | Mordechai Issac Guralnik | Balloon landing pad |
| CN102872549A (zh) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-01-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 可移动快速充气的救生气垫 |
| CN103357126A (zh) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-10-23 | 西安交通大学 | 一种折叠型抗震庇护装置 |
| GB2540366B (en) * | 2015-07-11 | 2017-11-29 | Metcalf David | Fall arrest system |
| CN105169578A (zh) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-23 | 无锡市悦丰化工有限公司 | 一种化工厂用消防救生车 |
| CN105963874A (zh) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-09-28 | 高群 | 一种输电塔杆上的防坠落装置 |
| CN105963875A (zh) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-09-28 | 杨燕 | 用于电厂的高空作业安全带悬挂装置 |
| CN112587815A (zh) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-02 | 湖北文理学院 | 一种坠楼检测及救援系统 |
| CN115645774B (zh) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-06-16 | 湛江港(集团)股份有限公司 | 一种防脱落的装卸船用高安全性防坠网 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE450584C (de) * | 1927-10-10 | Otto Loertscher | Sprungmatratze fuer Rettungszwecke | |
| US2390955A (en) * | 1945-02-15 | 1945-12-11 | Arthur E Mcdonnell | Fire escape |
| US2906366A (en) * | 1957-12-20 | 1959-09-29 | Specialties Dev Corp | Body catcher |
| DE2302248A1 (de) * | 1973-01-18 | 1974-07-25 | Wolfgang Kutschera | Rettungsgeraet zum auffangen abspringender oder abstuerzender personen |
| US3851730A (en) * | 1973-08-30 | 1974-12-03 | John T Scurlock | Inflatable safety cushion system for controlled deceleration from falls of great height |
| FR2277600A1 (fr) * | 1974-07-11 | 1976-02-06 | Dupeyroux Roger | Tremplin pneumatique gonflable destine au sauvetage des personnes en cas d'incendie ou de naufrage, servant aussi aux jeux aquatiques en etant une securite |
| DD155805A1 (de) * | 1980-12-24 | 1982-07-07 | Frank Hans Albrecht | Sprungkissen fuer rettungszwecke |
| US5150767A (en) * | 1991-02-19 | 1992-09-29 | Air Cruisers, Inc. | Portable self-contained impact system |
| FR2691634A1 (fr) * | 1992-05-26 | 1993-12-03 | Henry Jerome | Matelas à coussins d'air muni d'un cloisonnement intérieur. |
| DE9315692U1 (de) * | 1993-10-14 | 1993-12-23 | Frank, Hans-Albrecht, 01445 Radebeul | Universalrettungsvorrichtung |
-
1998
- 1998-09-02 GB GBGB9819070.5A patent/GB9819070D0/en not_active Ceased
-
1999
- 1999-09-02 ES ES99306988T patent/ES2190816T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-02 EP EP99306988A patent/EP0983776B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-02 AT AT99306988T patent/ATE229358T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-02 DE DE69904410T patent/DE69904410T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110758214A (zh) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-07 | 江苏智动装备技术研究院有限公司 | 一种气囊追踪承接式应急救援车 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69904410D1 (de) | 2003-01-23 |
| ES2190816T3 (es) | 2003-08-16 |
| GB9819070D0 (en) | 1998-10-28 |
| DE69904410T2 (de) | 2003-10-30 |
| EP0983776A1 (de) | 2000-03-08 |
| ATE229358T1 (de) | 2002-12-15 |
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