EP0984109A2 - Bloc de construction et procédé et appareil de fabrication - Google Patents

Bloc de construction et procédé et appareil de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0984109A2
EP0984109A2 EP99116998A EP99116998A EP0984109A2 EP 0984109 A2 EP0984109 A2 EP 0984109A2 EP 99116998 A EP99116998 A EP 99116998A EP 99116998 A EP99116998 A EP 99116998A EP 0984109 A2 EP0984109 A2 EP 0984109A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extrusion
block
web
cavities
cores
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99116998A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0984109A3 (fr
Inventor
Eduard Blatter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ziegeleien Freiburg and Lausanne AG
Original Assignee
Ziegeleien Freiburg and Lausanne AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19850692A external-priority patent/DE19850692A1/de
Application filed by Ziegeleien Freiburg and Lausanne AG filed Critical Ziegeleien Freiburg and Lausanne AG
Publication of EP0984109A2 publication Critical patent/EP0984109A2/fr
Publication of EP0984109A3 publication Critical patent/EP0984109A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
    • B28B3/26—Extrusion dies
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0226—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues and grooves next to each other on the end surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to modules according to claim 1 and claim 7 as well as a method and a device for the production thereof according to the independent claims 9 and 13.
  • Blocks with cavities come in a variety of forms known.
  • cuboid blocks in the form of brick can create cavities parallel to the wall surface vertically run, as with so-called perforated bricks, or also horizontal.
  • Heat-insulating building blocks often have the building block vertical penetrating, long slit-shaped, transverse to Cavities lying on the heat flow in cross-section a rectangular, oval, triangular, diamond-shaped or other To have shape.
  • Such building blocks show a relative good heat-insulating effect.
  • soundproofing properties mediocre, often even insufficient to be used in multi-storey housing to be able to. Because the cavities inside the building blocks are separated from each other by large, long, thin webs separated which by sound waves are excited to vibrate and thus the sound transport favor within the building blocks.
  • the invention has for its object with cavities to provide provided blocks that are improved Have thermal insulation and a comparatively increased Have sound insulation and pressure resistance.
  • the invention starts with a building block with a Variety of internal cavities that make up the building block enforce and with webs that separate the cavities.
  • a key idea of the module according to the invention now lies in that at least one web inside the block once or is not trained several times and is therefore interrupted.
  • Various advantages are achieved by this measure.
  • the proportion of material in the interior of the block decreases can contribute to undesirable heat conduction.
  • the procedure according to the invention can be further described for example with unchanged outer hole pattern inside the Building blocks in sections with long slit-shaped Generate cross section transverse to the heat flow direction, however not the drawbacks of long-term cavities slit-shaped cross section in terms of compressive strength and have sound insulation.
  • At least one property Longitudinal bar over most of the length of the bar is interrupted.
  • at least one web in the longitudinal direction of the web is interrupted several times in the manner of a perforation.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of a module has voids, their largest ratio of dimensions (Length, width) of their cross-sectional area is less than 4: 1, where web thicknesses of less than 8 mm and cavities with a Width of less than 20 mm are provided and its webs in the longitudinal direction of the bridge inside the block in the manner of a Perforation are interrupted.
  • Another advantageous embodiment of a module has Voids whose largest ratio of dimension (length, Width) of their cross-sectional area is less than 5: 1, wherein Bridge thicknesses below 6 mm and cavities with a width of less than 15 mm are provided and its webs in Web longitudinal direction inside the block in the manner of a Perforation are interrupted.
  • the invention is based on a building block which for Thermal insulation has a variety of cavities that have a cross-section parallel to the block support surface, its longitudinal extent in relation to its latitude is greater than 2: 1, the longitudinal extent transverse to Heat flow direction is oriented.
  • the essential aspect in this building block is now that in the cavities in Heat flow direction short connecting the cavity walls Web sections are provided. That means these web sections run at most over a section of the block height.
  • the in Longitudinal webs running through the short crossways aligned web sections are stiffened. So that will not only improves the compressive strength, but also that Ability to resonate with unwanted sound transport suppressed without reducing the thermal insulation.
  • the web sections at least on the Support surfaces of the block arranged.
  • the contact surface which is usually on the walling of the Masonry mortar is applied with a higher proportion of material trained so that less mortar falls into the cavities. This saves mortar and the thermal insulation and Compressive strength of the masonry improved.
  • a preferred method for producing inventive Building blocks consists of extruding through a mouthpiece in that for the generation of different hole patterns during the extrusion passage cross sections on the pressure side in the The mouthpiece can be closed temporarily. That means that Mouthpiece is closed in an area in which the extruding building block material is still under pressure, so has not yet relaxed to atmospheric pressure.
  • Another advantageous method is that the Building blocks with a predetermined hole pattern be extruded, the extrusion process for at least a bridge in the interior of the block interrupted once or several times becomes. In this way, the external appearance of the Building block unaffected while inside according to the invention is trained.
  • At least one perforation-like interruption To achieve part of the webs, it is also proposed that the extrusion process for these webs according to the Perforation pattern is interrupted periodically.
  • a preferred device for the production of Building blocks according to the invention has an extrusion unit, the a mouthpiece for forming a block mass comprises the a frame and on a holding device within the Has frame arranged extrusion cores.
  • the invention are means of closing the gaps between the Cores in at least part of the length of the cores Extrusion direction provided in the pressure area of the mouthpiece, which can be actuated during the extrusion process. To this Any break pattern can be done at any time the webs inside the block in the direction of extrusion realize.
  • the device comprises the means for closing the Spaces one or more rod elements that are separated from the Pressure side of the extrusion unit fits between the cores can be inserted.
  • the bar element to the end the adjacent cores can be inserted between them.
  • the rod elements are arranged on brackets on the pressure side of the Extrusion unit at a distance from the cores across the mouthpiece run.
  • bracket can be moved in the extrusion direction are.
  • the brackets can preferably be operated by a hydraulic system move.
  • Invention comprise the means for closing the Interstices movable cores that are transverse to the direction of extrusion are displaceable and / or rotatable. That way they have to Means for closing the gaps in the direction of displacement not moved against the block material to be extruded become.
  • the holding device comprises a solid perforated plate or a grating.
  • the cores can be easily and attach mechanically stable.
  • the device 1 shows a device for producing building blocks 1 shown.
  • the device 1 comprises an extruder housing 2 a mouthpiece 3 is arranged at the front end thereof.
  • a Screw conveyor 4 pushes raw material (e.g. clay) with high pressure against the mouthpiece 3, from which a strand of building blocks 5 is squeezed out.
  • the extruded strand is made by means of a cutting device 6 individual modules 7 generated.
  • the Mouthpiece 3a in Fig. 2a comprises a perforated plate 8, on which Extrusion cores 9, are fixed. In addition are on the Printing side in the extrusion direction in the area behind the cores 9 Rod elements 10 present in the direction of extrusion Spaces 11 of the extrusion cores can be moved around them to close.
  • the bar elements 10 lying in one plane are attached to a cross bracket 12. 2 is in solid lines a position of the crossbar 12 with it arranged bar elements 10 shown, in which the Raw material the spaces 11 between the cores 9 can pass freely to one at this point to form a cavity-defining web.
  • FIG. 2b Another mouthpiece 3b is shown in FIG. 2b which similar components with the same reference numerals as in Fig. 2a are designated.
  • the difference to the embodiment 2a is that the crossbar 12 with it attached rod elements 10 in the extrusion direction not before Perforated plate 8 are arranged, but after, but before the cores 9.
  • the crossbar 12 in the cover of the connecting webs of the perforated plate 12 lead so that the crossbar 12 is not the full pressure of itself exposed in the direction of extrusion building block material are.
  • the mouthpiece 3a can thereby be comparatively simpler and thus be built more cost-effectively.
  • Fig. 2c is a mouthpiece 3c in contrast to the pictures 2a and b shown from a viewing direction, which corresponds to the direction of extrusion. 2a and b however, the extrusion direction is in the image plane.
  • the mouthpiece 3c are spaces 11 between cores 9 through movable cores 9c closed, the transverse to Extrusion direction can be moved (see double arrow).
  • This Embodiment has the advantage that the movable cores 9c not of crossbars 12c, on which the movable cores 9c are arranged in the direction of moving Block material must be moved.
  • a cross-sectional pattern of cavities according to that in FIG. 3 to generate the shown block are according to the Cavities 13, 14 cores 9 arranged on the perforated plate 8. In are the same way in one place or in several places distributed over the area of the block cross section e.g. on one or several crossbar rod elements 10 provided in Cross section of a web 15 between two cavities 13 (see FIG. 3) correspond.
  • the webs 15 are transverse webs since they are transverse to are aligned in a plane in which, for. B. one from the Stones created wall. These crosspieces 15 sit in the Embodiment perpendicular to longitudinal webs 16, which then run along the plane indicated above.
  • Fig. 4 A which is a section along the section line A-A 3 in a plane parallel to Shows extrusion direction
  • continuous webs 15 are adjacent double-interrupted web sections 15a, 15b, 15c.
  • stiff the short web sections 15a, 15b and 15c the longitudinal webs 16 and thus reduce the resonance behavior of these long Longitudinal webs. It also decreases the strength of the building block closed, since the longitudinal webs are stiffened.
  • the procedure according to the invention has the advantage that less raw material is necessary for its production, with which Building block becomes lighter and comparatively less Manufacturing costs result.
  • FIGS. 4 B and 4 C To illustrate the inner Structures of the building block are two cuts in FIGS. 4 B and 4 C. by the block section 18 in Fig. 3 according to the Section lines B-B and C-C shown.
  • the cross section along the section line C-C corresponds to the slotted hole structure of the Support surface 17.
  • form at the interface B-B a missing web 15 two cavities 13 one each new cavity 19 times as long.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
EP99116998A 1998-09-04 1999-08-28 Bloc de construction et procédé et appareil de fabrication Withdrawn EP0984109A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19840335 1998-09-04
DE19840335 1998-09-04
DE19850692 1998-11-04
DE19850692A DE19850692A1 (de) 1998-09-04 1998-11-04 Baustein sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zu dessen Herstellung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0984109A2 true EP0984109A2 (fr) 2000-03-08
EP0984109A3 EP0984109A3 (fr) 2001-04-11

Family

ID=26048618

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99116998A Withdrawn EP0984109A3 (fr) 1998-09-04 1999-08-28 Bloc de construction et procédé et appareil de fabrication

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0984109A3 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1120506A1 (fr) * 2000-01-25 2001-08-01 Eichhorn Epl Ag Bloc de construction creux et méthode de fabrication
WO2003035345A1 (fr) * 2001-10-26 2003-05-01 Torres Dang, S.L. Systeme de fabrication par extrusion
ES2190367A1 (es) * 2001-10-26 2003-07-16 Torres Dang S L Sistema en un solo paso para la extrusion, corte y preparacion para el secado de ladrillos.
ES2199065A1 (es) * 2002-07-09 2004-02-01 Torres Dang S L Sistema de construccion de muro de grandes dimensiones en pieza unica.
WO2015019033A1 (fr) * 2013-08-09 2015-02-12 Occitanie Pierres Procédé de fabrication d'un bloc de construction isolant alvéolé en pierre naturelle ou reconstituée, bloc realise et mur realise avec un tel bloc

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE257001C (fr) *
DE29703995U1 (de) * 1997-03-05 1998-07-02 Häßler, Andreas, Dipl.-Ing. (FH), 89155 Erbach Querlochziegel
FR2766509B1 (fr) * 1997-07-25 1999-09-03 Ind Regionale Batiment Element de construction creux presentant des parois interieures, du genre utilise pour realiser des murs

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1120506A1 (fr) * 2000-01-25 2001-08-01 Eichhorn Epl Ag Bloc de construction creux et méthode de fabrication
WO2003035345A1 (fr) * 2001-10-26 2003-05-01 Torres Dang, S.L. Systeme de fabrication par extrusion
ES2190367A1 (es) * 2001-10-26 2003-07-16 Torres Dang S L Sistema en un solo paso para la extrusion, corte y preparacion para el secado de ladrillos.
ES2199065A1 (es) * 2002-07-09 2004-02-01 Torres Dang S L Sistema de construccion de muro de grandes dimensiones en pieza unica.
WO2015019033A1 (fr) * 2013-08-09 2015-02-12 Occitanie Pierres Procédé de fabrication d'un bloc de construction isolant alvéolé en pierre naturelle ou reconstituée, bloc realise et mur realise avec un tel bloc
FR3009571A1 (fr) * 2013-08-09 2015-02-13 Occitanie Pierres Procede de fabrication d'un bloc de construction isolant alveole en pierre naturelle ou reconstituee, bloc realise et mur realise avec un tel bloc

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0984109A3 (fr) 2001-04-11

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