Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
  • D06C11/00—Teasing, napping or otherwise roughening or raising pile of textile fabrics
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
  • D06C3/00—Stretching, tentering or spreading textile fabrics; Producing elasticity in textile fabrics
  • D06C3/06—Stretching, tentering or spreading textile fabrics; Producing elasticity in textile fabrics by rotary disc, roller, or like apparatus

Definitions

• This invention concerns a method to widen a fabric winding on a raising and/or grinding drum and the relative widening device as set forth in the respective main claims.
• the invention is applied in raising/grinding machines which use a rotary drum which supports on its circumference a plurality of raising or grinding cylinders which also rotate on their own axis, or a plurality of stationary rods or staves lined with wires with hooks or abrasive material, or yet again with both rotary cylinders and also stationary rods alternately.
• a rotary drum which supports on its circumference a plurality of raising or grinding cylinders which also rotate on their own axis, or a plurality of stationary rods or staves lined with wires with hooks or abrasive material, or yet again with both rotary cylinders and also stationary rods alternately.
• the state of the art includes raising machines configured as a rotary drum around which the fabric which is to be treated is drawn under tension.
• a plurality of cylinders which are also rotating on their axis and are lined with wires with hooks, with the function of raising the pile from the warp and the weft of the fabric as it passes over the drum.
• the rotary cylinders can be replaced by, or alternated with, stationary rods or staves with their ends on the housing of the drum and lined with wires with hooks.
• This action of raising the pile of the fabric serves to make the feel softer and fuller, to hide the weave of the fabric, to make the contours of a pattern less defined and in some cases to partly modify the shades of colour.
• the tension of the fabric subjected to raising or grinding is in fact an extremely important parameter which considerably influences the final result.
• the raising cylinders can have the hooks facing alternately in the opposite direction so as to cause an alternating action of pile and counter-pile on the fabric.
• the cylinders are lined with abrasive material, diamond-shaped paper or other suitable material.
• raising drums can be placed adjacent to or above each other so as to achieve consecutive and sequential treatment cycles in order to increase productivity.
• the speed of the drum can reach as much as 150 rpm, while the speed of the raising cylinders can reach as much as 1500 rpm.
• the counter-pile cylinders rotate at a much faster speed than the pile cylinders.
• this solution has the disadvantage that it reduces, with the diameter of the drum being the same, the overall contact surface of the fabric with the raising cylinders due to the circumferential segments of the drum being unused because of the presence of the return rollers .
• This stretching is caused by the drawing action between the raising cylinders and the longitudinal drawing action to which the fabric is subjected between inlet and outlet; the more elastic the fabric is, the greater the stretching will be.
• the stretching, and consequent transverse contraction entails an irregular and dis-uniform raising, inasmuch as the fabric is treated in a dishomogeneous manner in correspondence with the lateral zones with respect to the central zone.
• the present applicant has designed, tested and embodied this invention to overcome these shortcomings in a relatively easy, economical and extremely functional manner.
• the purpose of the invention is to achieve a method, and the relative devices to achieve the method, by means of which the fabric wound onto a drum to achieve raising or grinding processes is maintained correctly widened in a transverse direction so that the action of the raising or grinding cylinders is homogeneous and uniform along its entire length.
• the invention maintains the fabric at a desired and controlled transverse tension while it is winding onto the drum, prevents it from contracting transversely as it stretches, and therefore guarantees the raising action is regular, without the need to make several passes, without having recourse to special machines such as lifting devices or similar, and without requiring devices such as peripheral return rollers.
• a further purpose of the invention is to obtain a secondary effect of raising the warp yarn lengthwise; this effect is not usually obtained in normal raising machines wherein the raising action is achieved almost exclusively on the weft yarn.
• the raising or grinding cylinders, or part or groups thereof are subjected to axial displacements of a desired entity while they are rotating on their axis and rotating with the drum.
• axial displacements are generated in correspondence or in cooperation with the means which make the raising or grinding cylinders rotate, or with the means which support the ends of the stationary rods or staves; they generate axial deviations between one cylinder and the following cylinder, or between pairs or groups of cylinders, which deviations widen the fabric while it is being subjected to longitudinal tension, between the inlet and outlet of the drum.
• the number of axially movable raising or grinding cylinders, their arrangement around the drum, the entity of axial deviation or divarication imparted to each of the cylinders, the start-of-widening and end-of -widening positions are all parameters which can be set and regulated according to the type of fabric being worked, the type of processing to be done and the type of result to be obtained.
• the axial displacement of the raising cylinders or staves as the fabric is being wound onto the drum also achieves an advantageous effect of raising the warp yarn.
• the widening of the fabric as it is being wound onto the drum is obtained through the inclusion of a desired number of specific widening rollers arranged between and instead of the usual raising or grinding cylinders .
• the widening rollers are configured as a plurality of disks or rings arranged adjacent over the entire width of the relative roller and which can be axially displaced with respect to each other by means of systems which alternately cause them to be compressed or extended.
• the disks or rings which include on their periphery teeth, pins, wires or other similar means to grip the fabric, are elastically constrained together by means of spring means so as to be able to assume an extended position, if put under stress, which will cause the fabric to widen; then they will return again to the compressed position when the stress is ended.
• the external stress causes the widening roller to contract, and to return to its extended position once the external stress has finished.
• the widening rollers can be idle or they too can be commanded like the raising or grinding cylinders.
• the system using widening rollers is particularly efficacious inasmuch as it widens substantially all the points along the width of the fabric and not only the edges, thus ensuring that the widening is regular and uniform.
• the widening roller has segments of a desired length at its ends which consist of springs including needles or pins on the periphery, which serve to grip the fabric .
• the segments consisting of springs perform the same function as the disks or rings which we mentioned before, achieving the lateral widening of the fabric while it is kept under tension between the inlet and outlet of the raising drum.
• Fig. 1 is a diagram of a raising or grinding drum
• Fig. 2 is a diagram of the development on one plane of the raising or grinding drum
• Figs. 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d show four possible embodiments of the invention, partly developed in a plane view;
• Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention, partly developed in a plane view;
• Fig. 5 shows a variant of Fig. 1;
• Fig. 6a shows the widening roller applied to the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 in a first position
• Fig. 6b shows Fig. 6a in another position
• Fig. 7 shows a variant of Fig. 6a
• Fig. 8 shows another variant of Fig. 6a
• Fig. 9 shows a further variant of Fig. 6a;
• Fig. 10a is a front view of the raising machine showing a variant of the means by which the widening rollers widen and compress the fabric;
• Fig. 10b is a front view of the inclined disks shown in Fig.
• Fig. 11 is a front view of the raising machine showing another variant of the means by which the widening rollers widen and contract.
• the raising or grinding machine 10 shown in Fig. 1 comprises a rotary drum 11 on the periphery of which there is a plurality of cylinders 12, also rotating on their axis and lined with wires with hooks, if used as a raising machine, or with abrasive material if used as a grinding machine .
• the fabric 13 is made to rotate around the drum 11 by the action of an inlet cylinder 14 and an outlet cylinder 15; the cylinders 14 and 15 are associated with regulation means to accurately control the winding tension of the fabric 13 onto the drum 11.
• the cylinders 12 exert their raising or grinding action on the surface of the fabric 13 with which they are in contact.
• all the cylinders 12, or at least part thereof, are associated with means which are suitable to move them axially while they are rotating on their axis.
• This axial movement of the cylinders 12 serves to maintain in transverse drawing action the fabric 13 which is held in tension around the drum 11 by the inlet cylinder 14 and the outlet cylinder 15, and therefore to prevent the fabric 13 from contracting, thus also achieving a secondary effect of raising the warp yarn.
• all the cylinders 12 included between the start-of-widening zone 17a and the end-of-widening zone 17b are axially displaced in an alternately differing direction (see Fig. 2) so that, as it advances, the fabric 13 is subjected to forces 18 facing outwards alternately opposite.
• only one pair of cylinders, consisting of the pile cylinder 12a and the counter-pile cylinder 12b, is axially displaced as these cylinders rotate, while the following pile 12a and counter-pile 12b cylinders are not displaced (Fig. 3a) .
• the cylinders 12 are displaced in pairs, according to the greater longitudinal tension and therefore the greater stretching and consequent transverse contraction, which is created in the segment of fabric 13 between one pile cylinder 12a and one counter-pile cylinder 12b with respect to the tension created in the segment of fabric 13 between one counter-pile cylinder 12b and one pile cylinder 12a.
• the counter-pile cylinder 12b is displaced in the same direction as the pile cylinder 12a which follows it but in the opposite direction to that of the pile cylinder 12a which precedes it.
• each pair of cylinders, pile 12a-counter-pile 12b is displaced in the opposite direction to the following pair 12a-12b.
• the pile cylinders 12a remain stationary, while only the counter-pile cylinders 12b are displaced alternately, one in one direction and the subsequent one in the opposite direction.
• the cylinders 12 can be displaced in groups of four or more, or there can be one, two or more movable cylinders 12 between a desired number of stationary cylinders and so on. All these combinations are achieved on each occasion according to the fabric 13 to be worked, the type of processing to be carried out and the final result to be obtained.
• the lateral deviation "1" achieved between a cylinder 12 and the following cylinder 12, or between successive pairs or groups of cylinders 12, can have minimal values, even a few millimetres, which are reproduced along the whole segment of the drum 11 between the start-of-widening zone 17a and the end-of-widening zone 17b, and can therefore produce a deviation of several centimetres.
• Fig. 4 shows an embodiment to achieve the axial movement of the cylinders 12.
• the cylinders 12a and 12b rotate on respective translation systems including bearings, bushes, or bearing-bushes 21 cooperating with the housing 29 of the drum 11.
• the pile cylinders 12a are moved in a direction alternately opposite to the counter- pile cylinders 12b.
• the system with circular cams or rails 22 is achieved as a function of the desired opening or divarication induced on the cylinders 12, the desired movement in pairs, groups or individually of the cylinders 12 and the desired start-of- widening 17a and end-of-widening position 17b.
• the circular cam or rail system 22 is configured so as to return the raising cylinders 12 to a position of perfect alignment with each other for the whole segment up to the start-of-widening position 17a.
• the means to generate the axial displacement of the cylinders 12 are pneumatic means associated with the shaft 23 of the cylinders 12.
• the means to generate the axial displacement of the cylinders 12 are electric means.
• the widening of the fabric 13 as it is being wound onto the drum 11 is obtained by including between the raising or grinding cylinders 12, and to replace some of them, specific widening rollers 24, arranged in a desired number between the start-of-widening zone 17a and the end-of-widening zone 17b.
• Fig. 5 shows an application where there are three widening rollers 24, respectively 24a, 24b and 24c.
• the number and position of the widening rollers 24 on the periphery of the drum 11 can be modified according to the application, but the number of rollers 24 cannot in any case be too high, so as not to compromise the efficiency of the raising or grinding action.
• Each widening roller 24 comprises a plurality of disks or rings 25 keyed onto the shaft 23 and including on the periphery means 26 to grip the fabric 13 such as needles, pins, teeth, wires or similar.
• the disks or rings 25 are connected axially to each other by elastic means, in this case springs 27, which can be made to extend, if stressed by an external action, widening the length of the roller 24 and therefore widening the fabric 13 gripped by these means 26.
• the elastic means and the disks or rings 25 are returned to their initial position by the circular cam or rail system 22 which retracts and compresses the widening roller 24.
• the widening roller 24 in this way exerts a transverse drawing action on the fabric 13, preventing it from retracting even if it is subjected to an intense longitudinal drawing action.
• the external action which tends to widen the disks or rings 25, extending the springs 27, is obtained by means of the circular cam or rail system 22 cooperating with the shaft 23 of the roller 24 in a substantially identical manner as seen before.
• the external action exerted on the widening rollers 24 which compresses and dilates them while they are rotating with the drum 11, is achieved by two disk elements 34, which can be inclined and are arranged at one side and the other of the heads of the raising drum 11.
• each widening roller 24 rest on the inclined disks 34 and slide over them as the drum 11 rotates.
• the springs 27 which join the disks or rings 25 are compressed or dilated, widening or narrowing the fabric 13 gripped by the means 26 included on the disks or rings 25.
• the inclination of the disks 34 can be regulated so as to obtain a greater or lesser effect of widening the fabric 13.
• the widening roller 24 When the ends 124 meet the semi-disks 134, the widening roller 24 is compressed by the compression of the springs 27; when the ends 124 pass over the semi-disks 134 as the drum 11 rotates, the roller 24 dilates and allows the fabric 13 gripped by the means 26 to widen freely.
• the semi-disks 134 may also be inclined in a desired manner so as to achieve a greater or lesser widening effect.
• the widening roller 24 can be of the open type (Figs. 6a, 6b) with the disks or rings 25 separated and connected to each other only by means of the springs 27, or of the closed type with the disks or rings 25 contained inside an elastic shell 28 (Fig. 7) .
• the disks or rings 25 do not include gripping means 26 on their periphery, but are lined by an elastic sleeve which can be dilated and has the wire with hooks, or the abrasive wire, on the outside, suitable to perform the raising or grinding action and the widening action.
• the widening roller 24 consists of a central body 31, which can be lined, but is not necessarily so, by an abrasive wire or a wire with hooks, or by a disk or ring 25 arranged on each side of the central body 31; the disks or rings 25 are associated with the central body 31 by means of springs 27 or other suitable systems of lateral displacement.
• the disks or rings 25 are not constrained to the central body 31 and are solid with the guide means 30 which slide on the rail 22; their function is to widen the fabric 13 gripped by the means 26. In this way, the lateral displacement of the fabric is achieved only in proximity of its lateral edges.
• the widening roller 24 consists of a cylindrical central body 31, lined, or possibly not lined, with an abrasive wire or a wire with hooks, and by two lateral elements which can be extended axially and consisting of two springs 32 arranged one on each side of the central body 31.
• the springs 32a and 32b are clamped laterally by means of flanges 33 and include on their periphery the gripping means 26 to draw the fabric 13, at the same time widening it according to the axial movement imparted by the cam or rail elements 22.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
• Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
• Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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Citations (1)

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• 1997
  • 1997-07-31 IT IT97UD000139 patent/IT1295729B1/it active IP Right Grant
• 1998
  • 1998-07-22 EP EP98930992A patent/EP1000190A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1998-07-22 WO PCT/IB1998/001119 patent/WO1999006624A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1998-07-22 AU AU81257/98A patent/AU8125798A/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (1)

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