EP1003849A1 - Procede pour attenuer la variabilite de l'expression des transgenes dans les cellules vegetales - Google Patents

Procede pour attenuer la variabilite de l'expression des transgenes dans les cellules vegetales

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Publication number
EP1003849A1
EP1003849A1 EP98925120A EP98925120A EP1003849A1 EP 1003849 A1 EP1003849 A1 EP 1003849A1 EP 98925120 A EP98925120 A EP 98925120A EP 98925120 A EP98925120 A EP 98925120A EP 1003849 A1 EP1003849 A1 EP 1003849A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plant
matrix attachment
attachment region
structural gene
expression
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98925120A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1003849A4 (fr
Inventor
William F. Thompson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
North Carolina State University
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North Carolina State University
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by North Carolina State University filed Critical North Carolina State University
Publication of EP1003849A1 publication Critical patent/EP1003849A1/fr
Publication of EP1003849A4 publication Critical patent/EP1003849A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
    • C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
    • C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
    • C12N15/8216—Methods for controlling, regulating or enhancing expression of transgenes in plant cells
    • C12N15/822—Reducing position variability, e.g. by the use of scaffold attachment region/matrix attachment region (SAR/MAR); Use of SAR/MAR to regulate gene expression

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods for reducing the variability of expression, increasing expression, and/or reducing gene silencing in transgenic plants.
  • a method of reducing gene silencing, increasing expression, and/or reducing expression variability of foreign DNA in plants or plant cells comprises providing a plant cell capable of regeneration; and then transforming said plant cell with a DNA construct comprising an expression cassette, which construct comprises, in the 5' to 3' direction, a first matrix attachment region, a transcription initiation region, a structural gene positioned downstream from said transcription initiation region and operatively associated therewith, and a second matrix attachment region, wherein said first and second matrix attachment regions are different.
  • a method of making recombinant plants with reduced silencing of expression, increased expression, and/or reduced expression variability of of foreign genes therein comprises: (a) providing a plant cell, preferably a monocot plant cell, capable of regeneration; (b) transforming the plant cell with a DNA construct comprising an expression cassette, which construct comprises, in the 5' to 3' direction, a transcription initiation region, a structural gene positioned downstream from the transcription initiation region and operatively associated therewith, a first matrix attachment region positioned 5' to the structural gene, and a second matrix attachment region positioned 3' to the structural gene, to produce a transformed plant cell; then (c) propagating a plant from said transformed plant cell to provide a first transgenic plant; and then (d) sexually propagating said first transgenic plant to provide a subsequent transgenic plant having reduced silencing of expression of foreign genes therein.
  • the plant is a monocot
  • the subsequent transgenic plant is a hybrid of one parent that contains
  • a second aspect of the present invention is a DNA construct comprising an expression cassette, which construct comprises, in the 5' to 3' direction, a transcription initiation region, a structural gene positioned downstream from the transcription initiation region and operatively associated therewith, a first AR positioned: 5' to the transcription initiation region and a second MAR positioned 3' to the structural gene, where the first and second MAR are different from one another.
  • a third aspect of the present invention is a DNA construct as given above carried by a plant transformation vector.
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention is a plant cell containing a DNA construct as given above.
  • a fifth aspect of the present invention is a recombinant plant comprising transformed plant cells, the transformed plant cells containing a heterologous DNA construct as given above.
  • the present invention may be carried out with cells from a variety of different plants.
  • plant or “plants” means vascular plants, including both monocots and dicots, and both angiosperms and gymnosperms. Monocots are preferred.
  • a transcription initiation region is operatively associated with a structural gene when it is capable of affecting the expression of that structural gene (i.e., the structural gene is under the transcriptional control of the transcription initiation region).
  • the transcription initiation region is said to be “upstream” from the structural gene, which is in turn said to be “downstream” from the transcription initiation region.
  • DNA constructs, or "expression cassettes ' of the present invention preferably include, 5' to 3' in the direction of transcription, a transcription initiation region, a structural gene positioned downstream from the transcription initiation region and operatively associated therewith, a MAR positioned: (i) 5' to the transcription initiation region, (ii) 3' to the structural gene, or (in) both 5' to the transcription initiation region and 3' to the structural gene, and, optionally, a termination sequence including stop signal for RNA polymerase and a polyadenylation signal for polyadenylase (e.g., the nos terminator).
  • the promoter should be capable of operating in the cells to be transformed.
  • the termination region may be derived from the same gene as the promoter region, or may be derived from a different gene.
  • Matrix attachment regions that are used to carry out the present invention may be of any suitable origin.
  • the MAR of any eukaryotic organism (including plants, animals, and yeast) may be employed. See, e.g., G. Allen et al., The Plant Cell 5, 603- 613 (1993); M. Eva Luderus et al., Cell 70, 949-959 (1992); G. Hall et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 9320-9324 (1991).
  • animal MARs are shown to be operational in plants in P. Breyne, The Plant Cell 4, 463-471 (1992), and yeast MARs are operational in plants.
  • Plant MARs may be taken from any suitable plant, including those plants specified above and below; animal MARs may be taken from any suitable animal including mammals (e.g., dog, cat), birds (e.g., chicken, turkey), etc.; and MARs may be taken from other eukaryotes such as fungi (e.g., Saccharomyces cereviceae). Where two matrix attachment regions are employed, they may be the same or different.
  • the length of the MAR is not critical so long as it retains operability as an SAR, with lengths of from 400 to 1000 base pairs being typical.
  • MARs can be identified and isolated in accordance with known techniques. See, e.g., PCT Application WO94/07902, titled Method for Increasing Expression and Reducing Expression Variability of Foreign Genes in Plant Cells, (published 14 April 1994).
  • the first and second matrix attachment regions are preferably different.
  • the second matrix attachment region has the same nucleotide sequence as the first matrix attachment region, and is positioned in the DNA in opposite orientation to said first matrix attachment region.
  • the second matrix attachment region has a different nucleotide sequence from said the matrix attachment region.
  • Matrix attachment regions that differ are those that include some degree of non-homology as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art. Any degree of difference may be employed. Difference in homology can be determined by lack of hybridization of the sequences or segments in accordance with known techniques. See, e.g.. Sambrook et al. , Molecular Cloning, eds., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1989).
  • hybridization of such sequences may be carried out under conditions of reduced stringency, medium stringency or even stringent conditions (e.g., conditions represented by a wash stringency of 35-40% Formamide with 5x Denhardt's solution, 0.5% SDS and lx SSPE at 37° C; conditions represented by a wash stringency of 40-45% Formamide with 5x Denhardt's solution, 0.5% SDS, and lx SSPE at 42°C; and conditions represented by a wash stringency of 50% Formamide with 5x Denhardt's solution, 0.5% SDS and lx SSPE at 42°C, respectively), to DNA encoding resistance to trans-activators disclosed herein in a standard hybridization assay. See J. Sambrook et al.
  • MARs that are different from one another will be not more than about 98% homologous, 95% homologous, 90% homologous, 80% homologous, or even 70% or 60% homologous or less therewith. That is, the sequence similarity of sequences may range, sharing not more than about 60% , 70%, 80%, and even about 90% , 95%, or 98% or less sequence similarity.
  • the transcription initiation region which includes the RNA polymerase binding site (promoter), may be native to the host plant to be transformed or may be derived from an alternative source, where the region is functional in the host plant.
  • T-DNA genes such as the transcriptional initiation regions for the biosynthesis of nopaline, octapine, mannopine, or other opine transcriptional initiation regions; transcriptional initiation regions from plants, such as the ubiquitin promoter; root specific promoters ⁇ see, e.g., US Patent No. 5,459,252 to Conkling et al.; WO 91/13992 to Advanced Technologies); transcriptional initiation regions from viruses (including host specific viruses), or partially or wholly synthetic transcription initiation regions. Transcriptional initiation and termination regions are well known ⁇ see, e.g.,dGreve, J. Mol. Appl. Genet.
  • the transcriptional initiation regions may, in addition to the RNA polymerase binding site, include regions which regulate transcription, where the regulation involves, for example, chemical or physical repression or induction (e.g., regulation based on metabolites, light, or other physicochemical factors; see, e.g., WO 93/06710 disclosing a nematode responsive promoter) or regulation based on cell differentiation (such as associated with leaves, roots, seed, or the like in plants; see, e.g., US Patent No. 5,459,252 disclosing a root-specific promoter).
  • the transcriptional initiation region, or the regulatory portion of such region is obtained from an appropriate gene which is so regulated.
  • the 1,5-ribulose biphosphate carboxylase gene is light-induced and may be used for transcriptional initiation.
  • Other genes are known which are induced by stress, temperature, wounding, pathogen effects, etc.
  • structural gene herein refers to those portions of genes which comprise a DNA segment coding for a protein, polypeptide, or portion thereof, possibly including a ribosome binding site and or a translational start codon, but lacking a transcription initiation region.
  • the term can also refer to copies of a structural gene naturally found within a cell but artificially introduced.
  • the structural gene may encode a protein not normally found in the plant cell in which the gene is introduced or in combination with the transcription initiation region to which it is operationally associated, in which case it is termed a heterologous structural gene.
  • Genes which may be operationally associated with a transcription initiation region of the present invention for expression in a plant species may be derived from a chromosomal gene, cDNA, a synthetic gene, or combinations thereof. Any structural gene may be employed.
  • the structural gene may encode an enzyme to introduce a desired trait into the plant, such as glyphosphate resistance; the structural gene may encode a protein such as a Bacillus thuringiensis protein (or fragment thereof) to impart insect resistance to the plant; the structural gene may encode a plant virus protein or fragment thereof to impart virus resistance to the plant.
  • the term "structural gene” as used herein is also intended to encompass a DNA encoding an antisense agent that will bind to a particular mRNA in the plant cell and downregulate translation thereof.
  • Expression cassettes useful in methods of the present invention may be provided in a DNA construct which also has at least one replication system.
  • a replication system functional in Escherichia coli, such as ColEl, pSClOl, pACYC184, or the like. In this manner, at each stage after each manipulation, the resulting construct may be cloned, sequenced, and the correctness of the manipulation determined. In addition, or in place of the E.
  • a broad host range replication system may be employed, such as the replication systems of the P-l incompatibility plasmids, e.g., pRK290.
  • there will frequently be at least one marker present which may be useful in one or more hosts, or different markers for individual hosts. That is, one marker may be employed for selection in a prokaryotic host, while another marker may be employed for selection in a eukaryotic host, particularly a plant host.
  • the markers may be protection against a biocide, such as antibiotics, toxins, heavy metals, or the like; provide complementation, for example by imparting prototrophy to an auxotrophic host; or provide a visible phenotype through the production of a novel compound.
  • NPTLI neomycin phosphofransferase
  • HPT hygromycin phosphofransferase
  • CAT chloramphenicol acetylfransferase
  • NPTII kanamycin phosphofransferase
  • CAT chloramphenicol acetylfransferase
  • GG nitrilase
  • suitable markers are ⁇ -glucuronidase, providing indigo production; luciferase, providing visible light production; NPTII, providing kanamycin resistance or G418 resistance; HPT, providing hygromycin resistance; and the mutated aroA gene, providing glyphosate resistance.
  • the various fragments comprising the various constructs, expression cassettes, markers, and the like may be introduced consecutively by restriction enzyme cleavage of an appropriate replication system, and insertion of the particular construct or fragment into the available site. After ligation and cloning the DNA construct may be isolated for further manipulation. All of these techniques are amply exemplified in the literature and find particular exemplification in Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, (2d Ed. 1989)(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY).
  • a transgenic plant refers to a plant in which at least some cells are stably transformed with a heterologous DNA construct.
  • a heterologous DNA construct refers to DNA which is artificially introduced into a cell or into a cell's ancestor. Such DNA may contain genes or DNA which would not normally be found in the cell to be transformed, or may contain genes or DNA which is contained in the cell to be transformed. In the latter case, cells are transformed so that they contain additional or multiple copies of the DNA sequence or gene of interest.
  • Vectors which may be used to transform plant tissue with DNA constructs of the present invention include Agrobacterium vectors, non-Agrobacterium vectors (particularly ballistic vectors), as well as other known vectors suitable for DNA- mediated transformation. Agrobacterium vectors are preferred.
  • Microparticles carrying a DNA construct of the present invention which microparticles are suitable for the ballistic transformation of a cell, are useful for transforming cells according to the present invention.
  • the microparticle is propelled into a cell to produce a transformed cell.
  • the transformed cell is a plant cell
  • a plant may be regenerated from the transformed cell according to techniques known in the art. Any suitable ballistic cell transformation methodology and apparatus can be used in practicing the present invention. Exemplary apparatus and procedures are disclosed in Stomp et al., U.S. Patent No. 5,122,466; and Sanford and Wolf, U.S. Patent No. 4,945,050 (the disclosures of all U.S. Patent references cited herein are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety).
  • the expression cassette When using ballistic transformation procedures, the expression cassette may be incorporated into a plasmid capable of replicating in the cell to be transformed.
  • microparticles suitable for use in such systems include 1 to 5 ⁇ m gold spheres.
  • the DNA construct may be deposited on the microparticle by any suitable technique, such as by precipitation.
  • ballistic transformation techniques are useful for introducing foreign genes into a variety of plant species, and are particularly useful for the transformation of monocots.
  • Vectors that may be used to carry out the present invention include
  • Agrobacterium vectors Numerous Agrobacterium vectors are known. See, e.g., U.S. Patent No. 4,536,475 to Anderson; U.S. Patent No. 4,693,977 to Schliperoort et al.; U.S. Patent No. 4,886,937 to Sederoff et al.; U.S. Patent No. 5,501,967 To Offringa et al.; T. Hall et al., EPO Application No. 0122791; R. Fraley et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:4803 (1983); L. Herrera-Estrella et al., EMBO J. 2:987 (1983); G. Helmer et al.,
  • such vectors comprise an agrobacteria, typically Agrobacterium tumefaciens, that carried at least one tumor-inducing (or "Ti") plasmid.
  • agrobacteria typically Agrobacterium tumefaciens
  • this plasmid is also known as the root-inducing (or "Ri") plasmid.
  • the Ti (or Ri) plasmid contains DNA referred to as "T-DNA" that is transferred to the cells of a host plant when that plant is infected by the agrobacteria.
  • the T-DNA is modified by genetic engineering techniques to contain the "expression cassette", or the gene or genes of interest to be expressed in the transformed plant cells, along with the associated regulatory sequences.
  • the agrobacteria may contain multiple plasmids, as in the case of a "binary" vector system.
  • Such Agrobacterium vectors are useful for introducing foreign genes into a variety of plant species, and are particularly useful for the transformation of dicots.
  • Transgenic plants may be produced using the DNA constructs of the present invention by the DNA-mediated transformation of plant cell protoplasts and subsequent regeneration of the plant from the transformed protoplasts in accordance with procedures well known in the art.
  • organogenesis means a process by which shoots and roots are developed sequentially from meristematic centers;
  • embryogenesis means a process by which shoots and roots develop together in a concerted fashion (not sequentially), whether from somatic cells or gametes.
  • the particular tissue chosen will vary depending on the clonal propagation systems available for, and best suited to, the particular species being transformed.
  • tissue targets include leaf disks, pollen, embryos, cotyledons, hypocotyls, megagametophytes, callus tissue, existing meristematic tissue (e.g., apical meristems, axillary buds, and root meristems), and induced meristem tissue (e.g., cotyledon meristem and hypocotyl meristem).
  • Plants of the present invention may take a variety of forms.
  • the plants may be chimeras of transformed cells and non-transformed cells; the plants may be clonal transformants (e.g., all cells transformed to contain the expression cassette); the plants may comprise grafts of transformed and untransformed tissues (e.g., a transformed root stock grafted to an untransformed scion in citrus species).
  • the transformed plants may be propagated by a variety of means, such as by clonal propagation or classical breeding techniques. For example, first generation (or TI) transformed plants may be selfed to give homozygous second generation (or T2) transformed plants (the term "subsequent generation” as used herein refers to T2 generation or thereafter where), and the T2 plants further propagated through classical breeding techniques.
  • transgenic plant is bred with a plant that does not carry the same expression cassette to produce a hybrid plant
  • either plant may be the male of female parent.
  • a dominant selectable marker (such as npt II) can be associated with the expression cassette to assist in breeding. Seeds may be collected from mature plants of the present invention in accordance with conventional techniques to provide seed that germinates into a plant as described herein.
  • Plants which may be employed in practicing the present invention include (but are not limited to) tobacco ⁇ Nicotiana tabacum), potato (Solanum tuberosum), soybean ⁇ glycine max), peanuts ⁇ Arachis hypogae ⁇ ), cotton ⁇ Gossypium hirsutum), sweet potato ⁇ Ipomoea batatus), cassava ⁇ Manihot esculenta), coffee ⁇ Cofea spp.), coconut ⁇ Cocos nucifera), pineapple ⁇ Ananas comosus), citrus trees ⁇ Citrus spp.), cocoa ⁇ Theobroma cacao), tea ⁇ Camellia sinensis), banana ⁇ Musa spp.), avocado ⁇ Persea americana), fig ⁇ Ficus casica), guava ⁇ Psidium guajava), mango ⁇ Mangifera indica), olive ⁇ Olea europaea), papaya ⁇ Carica papaya), cashew ⁇
  • Vegetables include tomatoes ⁇ Lycopersicon esculentum), lettuce (e.g., Lactuea sativa), green beans ⁇ Phaseolus vulgaris), lima beans ⁇ Phaseolus limensis), peas ⁇ Pisum spp.) and members of the genus Cucumis such as cucumber (C. sativus), cantaloupe (C. cantalupensis), and musk melon (C. melo).
  • Ornamentals include azalea ⁇ Rhododendron spp.), hydrangea ⁇ Macrophylla hydrangea), hibiscus ⁇ Hibiscus rosasanensis), roses ⁇ Rosa spp.), tulips ⁇ Tulipa spp.), daffodils
  • Gymnosperms which may be employed to carrying out the present invention include conifers, including pines such as loblolly pine ⁇ Pinus taeda), slash pine ⁇ Pinus elliotii), ponderosa pine ⁇ Pinus ponderosa), lodgepole pine ⁇ Pinus contorta), and Monterey pine ⁇ Pinus radiata); Douglas-fir ⁇ Pseudotsuga menziesii); Western hemlock ⁇ Tsuga canadensis); Sitka spruce ⁇ Picea glauca); redwood ⁇ Sequoia sempervirens); true firs such as silver fir ⁇ Abies amabilis) and balsam fir ⁇ Abies balsamea); and cedars such as Western red cedar ⁇ Thuja plicata) and Alaska yellow-cedar ⁇ Chamaecyparis nootkatensis).
  • conifers including pines such

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé qui permet de réduire le silence génique, d'intensifier l'expression et/ou d'atténuer la variabilité d'expression d'un ADN étranger dans les végétaux ou les cellules végétales. Selon le procédé, on produit une cellule végétale capable de régénération; puis on la transforme en utilisant une construction d'ADN qui renferme une cassette d'expression et qui comprend, dans le sens 5' vers 3', une première région de fixation de matrice, une région de mise en route de transcription, un gène de structure positionné en aval de ladite région de mise en route de transcription et fonctionnellement associée avec elle, et une seconde région de fixation de matrice, lesdites première et seconde région de fixation de matrice étant différentes.
EP98925120A 1997-06-03 1998-06-02 Procede pour attenuer la variabilite de l'expression des transgenes dans les cellules vegetales Withdrawn EP1003849A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US4841897P 1997-06-03 1997-06-03
US48418P 1997-06-03
PCT/US1998/011169 WO1998055608A1 (fr) 1997-06-03 1998-06-02 Procede pour attenuer la variabilite de l'expression des transgenes dans les cellules vegetales

Publications (2)

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EP1003849A1 true EP1003849A1 (fr) 2000-05-31
EP1003849A4 EP1003849A4 (fr) 2004-06-16

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EP98925120A Withdrawn EP1003849A4 (fr) 1997-06-03 1998-06-02 Procede pour attenuer la variabilite de l'expression des transgenes dans les cellules vegetales

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EP (1) EP1003849A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002502261A (fr)
AU (1) AU742932B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9810075A (fr)
CA (1) CA2292842A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998055608A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000006757A1 (fr) * 1998-07-31 2000-02-10 Mycogen Plant Science, Inc. Procede ameliore de transformation de plantes a l'aide de regions d'attache d'echafaudage
AU5484500A (en) * 1999-06-14 2001-01-02 North Carolina State University Method for obtaining low copy transgenes by direct dna transformation
EP2761003A4 (fr) * 2011-09-15 2015-11-11 Basf Plant Science Co Gmbh Molécules d'acide nucléique régulateur permettant une expression génique fiable dans des végétaux

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU673859B2 (en) * 1992-10-05 1996-11-28 North Carolina State University Method for increasing expression and reducing expression variability of foreign genes in plant cells
WO1994024293A1 (fr) * 1993-04-19 1994-10-27 Sandoz Ltd. Elements stabilisateurs genetiques
US5773695A (en) * 1996-01-26 1998-06-30 North Carolina State University Plant nuclear scaffold attachment region and method for increasing gene expression in transgenic cells
KR20000049209A (ko) * 1996-10-17 2000-07-25 메리 이. 보울러 스캐폴드 부착 부위를 이용한 단자엽 세포 군집에서 증진된 트랜스진의 발현
CA2283463A1 (fr) * 1997-03-28 1998-10-08 Mycogen Plant Science, Inc. Procede ameliore de transformation des vegetaux sar

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AU742932B2 (en) 2002-01-17
AU7714098A (en) 1998-12-21
WO1998055608A1 (fr) 1998-12-10
CA2292842A1 (fr) 1998-12-10
EP1003849A4 (fr) 2004-06-16
JP2002502261A (ja) 2002-01-22
BR9810075A (pt) 2000-09-19

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