EP1004821B1 - Dispositif de pulvérisation du combustible liquide pour un appareil de combustion - Google Patents

Dispositif de pulvérisation du combustible liquide pour un appareil de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1004821B1
EP1004821B1 EP99811040A EP99811040A EP1004821B1 EP 1004821 B1 EP1004821 B1 EP 1004821B1 EP 99811040 A EP99811040 A EP 99811040A EP 99811040 A EP99811040 A EP 99811040A EP 1004821 B1 EP1004821 B1 EP 1004821B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
droplets
burner
nozzle
sprays
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99811040A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1004821A1 (fr
Inventor
Jakob Dr. Keller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GE Vernova GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Technology AG filed Critical Alstom Technology AG
Priority to EP05101358A priority Critical patent/EP1564486A3/fr
Publication of EP1004821A1 publication Critical patent/EP1004821A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1004821B1 publication Critical patent/EP1004821B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/24—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/07002—Premix burners with air inlet slots obtained between offset curved wall surfaces, e.g. double cone burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/11002—Liquid fuel burners with more than one nozzle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner with a device for atomization liquid fuel for in a furnace, preferably for a Combustion chamber of a gas turbine plant, with a nozzle arrangement through which the liquid fuel pressurized passes and to a fuel / air mixture is atomized.
  • both the constructive design of all individual components of a gas turbine as well as their operation plays in the fuel combustion the sputtering process in which the liquid fuel to a possible homogeneous fuel / air mixture is to be atomized, a very crucial Role.
  • the liquid fuel to atomize in the finest possible fuel droplets in order to achieve this To achieve the largest possible fuel surface.
  • single-stage atomizers will be used exclusively in so-called Silo combustion chambers used in which a Brennerstufung is provided, whereas multi-stage atomizer units, such as air-assisted and compressed air-assisted Atomizers are commonly used in ring combustors.
  • liquid fuel atomizer units underlying problem are the very different fuel flow rates, with which the atomizer units during the operation of a gas turbine plant, starting with the ignition event until reaching the base load operation, be supplied. So fuel flow rates are under typical Ignition conditions by a factor of 10 to 20 smaller than under base load conditions. It is also associated with the fact that the pressure conditions within the gas turbine plant are subject to major changes that are up to more than that Change factor 100. Thus, typical pressure values for the atomization of Liquid fuel under base load conditions about 60 bar, whereas the atomization pressure under ignition conditions drops to 300 to 600 mbar, ie Pressure conditions achieved, which include the use of atomizing nozzles for operation under base load conditions are impossible.
  • JP 05141622 A shows a burner arrangement with two individual nozzles for atomization liquid fuel, which are aligned such that From the nozzle outlet openings exiting fuel sprays collide with each other.
  • GB 621785 A also relates to a single nozzle arrangement, while in the FR 1026664 A on a spray nozzle arrangement for generating a water droplet mixture is turned off. From both solutions it is known that by means of On each other aligned liquid sprays a finer atomization can be achieved can.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a burner with a device for Atomization of liquid fuel for a firing plant, preferably for a combustion chamber of a gas turbine plant, with a nozzle arrangement through passing the liquid fuel pressurized and to a fuel / air mixture is sprayed so indicate that despite the above-described large differences in pressure a single atomizing unit is sufficient which required for an optimized combustion of liquid fuel Atomization takes place. It is intended to a well-known multiple graduation the atomizer units are dispensed with. In particular, the required for this Atomizer device possess a simple construction and with only minor Costs associated. The atomization rate as well as the achievable Fuel droplet diameter should both for the ignition and the Base load operation be optimally adaptable.
  • a device according to the preamble of claim 1 according to the invention further developed in such a way that the nozzle arrangement at the outlet of one of two Operakegelkörpem existing cone body of a burner is arranged, wherein the at least two Düsenauslassö réelleen on the peripheral edge of the burner outlet so are positioned so that the fuel sprays in the middle of the Brenn Lucasstrittes come into collision that at the collision of fuel sprays a cloud of droplets arises with new fuel droplets whose diameter is smaller than that is the colliding fuel droplets and the one main propagation direction which runs in the direction of the bisector of that angle, which is trapped by the colliding fuel sprays.
  • the fuel sprays whose individual fuel droplets are typically droplet diameter in the order of 1 to 5 mm are preferably of a two-dimensional spray form whose directions of propagation are set relative to each other so that they are pointed under a Cut angles.
  • Collisions occur between the respective fuel droplets, which too smallest droplets of fuel droplets lead, which preferably a propagation direction take along the bisecting line, between the Propagation directions of the collided two-dimensional Fuel sprays, is oriented.
  • the collision geometry is typically based on the individual combustor geometry adapted by ring combustion chambers so that the finest fuel droplets in the direction of the combustion chamber to the subsequent inflammation.
  • a nozzle arrangement according to the invention which after the above Atomization principle works, sees at least two spatially separated nozzle outlet which are oriented relative to each other so that the with different directions spreading fuel sprays in one Penetrate area within which the fuel droplets from the respective Fuel sprays collide with each other.
  • the nozzle outlet openings are so oriented relative to each other, that the propagation directions of the from the Düsenauslrawö Maschinenen leaking fuel sprays include an angle a, for the 0 ° ⁇ ⁇ 180 ° applies.
  • This type of burner is considered a successful output type of burners used for lighting are designed with liquid fuels.
  • This is the liquid fuel by means of a centrally arranged to the cone cavity nozzle assembly and in Form of a conically forming fuel spray into the interior of the Combustion chamber introduced.
  • the cone-shaped fuel spray gets tangential from one flowing into a conical cavity, rotating combustion air flow enclosed and thereby stabilized. Only in the area of the vortex burst, So in the so-called sudströmzone, the optimal, homogeneous Fuel concentration reached over the cross section, so that in this area the ignition of the fuel spray takes place.
  • Fig. 1a is schematically a consisting of two Operakegelkörpem 1 cone body of a burner, which results, for example, from EP 0 321 809 B1.
  • At the burner outlet 2 are in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1a two separate Düsenauslrawö réelleen 3 and 4 provided by the liquid fuel in each case fan-shaped spreading fuel sprays 5, 6 atomized becomes.
  • the fuel sprays 5, 6 have macroscopic fuel droplets 16 with typical fuel droplet diameters between 1 and 5 mm up.
  • the propagation directions of both fuel sprays 5, 6 are such oriented that they penetrate in a narrow volume range 7.
  • the at the collision forming microscopic fuel droplets 17 preferably spread along the bisector 8 relative to both Hauptausbreitungsschen the Fuel sprays 5, 6 off. It forms one of the smallest liquid droplets existing droplet cloud 9, which within the combustion chamber for inflammation to bring is.
  • Fig. 1b is a cross-sectional view through the droplet cloud 9 in the viewing direction the burner outlet 2 shown. From the Düsenauslndö Stamm 3, 4 Fan-shaped fuel sprays 5, 6 exit in the direction of propagation the droplet cloud 9 collided.
  • nozzle outlet openings 3, 4 can be distributed several times on the peripheral edge of the burner exit 2 are attached to the collision-causing droplet density within the volume range 7 further increase.
  • Such a nozzle arrangement in addition to that not shown in Fig. 1a provide central nozzle assembly within the conical burner.
  • the colliding fuel sprays 5, 6 should be the width of a fan-shaped, two-dimensional Fuel sprays 5, which collide with a second fuel spray 6, approximately on the order of the cross-sectional area of all droplets per unit length that is, the colliding fuel sprays 5, 6 should bundled together as possible with low beam divergence, as in the Embodiment according to FIG. 1c is shown.
  • the two from the Düsenauslrawö Maschinenen 3, 4 leaking fuel sprays 5, 6 have a very much low beam divergence, so that they are tightly bundled in the middle of the burner outlet 2 in collision. In this way it is ensured that as possible many collision events between the macroscopic fuel droplets 16 of a fuel spray 5 with the macroscopic fuel droplets 16 the other fuel spray 6 take place.
  • nozzle arrangements shown in Figs. 1a to c must be with a large geometric Care be arranged spatially to each other, so that from the Nozzle outlet openings 3, 4 exiting fuel sprays 5, 6 in a suitable manner are directed towards each other and can get into collision.
  • the idea underlying the invention is the generation of very small liquid droplets, whose droplet diameters are smaller by up to 3 orders of magnitude, as the liquid droplets generated by conventional spraying. This happens by - deviating from the conventional approach of atomization of liquid by means of air - two liquid droplets targeted in collision which in turn are brought into a variety of smallest liquid droplets bursting.
  • burners for gas turbine plants both for the ignition phase as well as for the base load operation with only one, simply designed in the structure To provide nozzle arrangement.
  • By the measure according to the invention it is possible to increase the efficiency of gas turbines without sacrificing the constructive and increase associated financial expense.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Brûleur comprenant un dispositif de pulvérisation de combustible fluide pour une installation de combustion, de préférence pour une chambre de combustion d'une installation de turbine à gaz, comprenant un agencement de buses, à travers lequel passe le combustible fluide sollicité en pression et est pulvérisé pour former un spray de combustible, l'agencement de buses présentant au moins deux ouvertures de sortie de buses (3, 4) séparées spatialement, qui sont orientées l'une par rapport à l'autre de telle sorte que les sprays de combustible (5, 6) sortant des ouvertures de sortie de buses (3, 4) entrent en collision l'un avec l'autre, caractérisé en ce que l'agencement de buses est disposé à la sortie d'un corps conique du brûleur se composant d'au moins deux corps coniques partiels, les au moins deux ouvertures de sortie de buses (3, 4) étant positionnées dans les corps coniques partiels ou sur le bord périphérique de la sortie du brûleur (2) de telle sorte que les sprays de combustible (5, 6) entrent en collision au milieu de la sortie du brûleur (2) de telle sorte que lors de la collision des sprays de combustible (5, 6), il se produise un nuage de gouttelettes (9) avec de nouvelles gouttelettes de combustible (17), dont le diamètre est inférieur à celui des gouttelettes de combustible entrant en collision (16) et qui présente une direction de propagation principale qui s'étend dans la direction de la bissectrice (8) de chaque angle inclus par les sprays de combustible (5, 6) étant entrés en collision.
  2. Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures de sortie de buses (3, 4) confèrent à chaque fois aux sprays de combustible se formant (5, 6) des directions de propagation qui incluent un angle α, avec 0° ≤ α ≤ 180°.
EP99811040A 1998-11-25 1999-11-11 Dispositif de pulvérisation du combustible liquide pour un appareil de combustion Expired - Lifetime EP1004821B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05101358A EP1564486A3 (fr) 1998-11-25 1999-11-11 Procédé et dispositif de pulvérisation du combustible liquide pour un appareil de combustion

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19854382A DE19854382B4 (de) 1998-11-25 1998-11-25 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zerstäubung flüssigen Brennstoffs für eine Feuerungsanlage
DE19854382 1998-11-25

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05101358A Division EP1564486A3 (fr) 1998-11-25 1999-11-11 Procédé et dispositif de pulvérisation du combustible liquide pour un appareil de combustion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1004821A1 EP1004821A1 (fr) 2000-05-31
EP1004821B1 true EP1004821B1 (fr) 2005-04-06

Family

ID=7888979

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05101358A Withdrawn EP1564486A3 (fr) 1998-11-25 1999-11-11 Procédé et dispositif de pulvérisation du combustible liquide pour un appareil de combustion
EP99811040A Expired - Lifetime EP1004821B1 (fr) 1998-11-25 1999-11-11 Dispositif de pulvérisation du combustible liquide pour un appareil de combustion

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05101358A Withdrawn EP1564486A3 (fr) 1998-11-25 1999-11-11 Procédé et dispositif de pulvérisation du combustible liquide pour un appareil de combustion

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US6360971B1 (fr)
EP (2) EP1564486A3 (fr)
DE (2) DE19854382B4 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060147853A1 (en) * 2005-01-06 2006-07-06 Lipp Charles W Feed nozzle assembly and burner apparatus for gas/liquid reactions
DE102006005386B4 (de) * 2006-02-03 2009-04-09 Uhde Gmbh Gasbrenner mit optimierter Düsenanordnung
DE102008027681A1 (de) * 2008-06-10 2009-12-17 Häußer, Achim Einspritzung des Brennstoffs mit mehreren Düsen zur Verbrauchsreduzierung bei Heizungen
US8667800B2 (en) * 2009-05-13 2014-03-11 Delavan Inc. Flameless combustion systems for gas turbine engines
EP2923770A1 (fr) * 2014-03-26 2015-09-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Composant d'une turbomachine thermique et procédé d'atomisation d'un liquide dans une veine d'une turbomachine thermique

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59911869D1 (de) 2005-05-12
EP1564486A3 (fr) 2006-05-17
EP1004821A1 (fr) 2000-05-31
DE19854382A1 (de) 2000-05-31
DE19854382B4 (de) 2009-01-02
US6360971B1 (en) 2002-03-26
EP1564486A2 (fr) 2005-08-17

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