Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
  • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
  • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional [3D] extent, e.g. lattice girders
  • E04C5/065—Light-weight girders, e.g. with precast parts
  • E04C5/0653—Light-weight girders, e.g. with precast parts with precast parts
  • E04C5/0656—Light-weight girders, e.g. with precast parts with precast parts with lost formwork
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
  • E04B5/43—Floor structures of extraordinary design; Features relating to the elastic stability; Floor structures specially designed for resting on columns only, e.g. mushroom floors

Definitions

• the subject of this invention belongs to the field of Building Construction, to be more precise, to intermediate floor constructions, and it specifically refers to large span (10 meters and more) intennediate floor constructions, that are recommended in construction of public and residence buildings, and can even be applied in construction of bridges.
• the subject of the invention is signed by a basic classification symbol E 04 B 5/08 that refers to bearing intermediate floor construction, accomplished by adjoining prefabricated hollow tile blocks, and secondary classification symbols E 04 C 1/24 and E 04 C 5/065 that refer to filling elements and light steel lattice trusses for construction of intermediate floors, and floors.
• the technical problem that is to be solved by this invention is: how to construct a simple and light bearing intermediate floor construction of large span * (ten and more meters) by the means of a static system using a single span beam or continual beam with the ability of bearing bigger freight, while using prefabricated building approach, to enable the accomplishment of completely adaptable spaces under the intennediate floor.
• In Yugoslav patent paper (number 31900) a light building construction is described, made from prefabricated elements for construction of floors.
• the innovative solution is an improved floor construction, which includes more parallel I-girders that carry prefabricated light panels filled with light concrete.
• Each of the panels have bottom side corner channels which are connected to the top ends of the nearby I-girders, while on the sides of panels are created semi-circular channels.
• Holders, placed on topside in the middle of I-girders connect the panels to each other, while the neighbor panels are slightly apart. Fixing is carried out by glue that is being filled between panels and the bearer. Glues used for this purpose are either made on the basis of cement mortar or on the basis of organic polymers, such as acrylic or epoxy resin.
• the prefabricated panel combined with a suitable bearing construction for manufacturing double floors, intermediate floors or attics is described in the paper of Yugoslav Patent Bureau under classification code 34215.
• the panel is a sheet metal container of thin walls and large surface.
• the filling material such as concrete is cast or poured into it forming a constructive entirety with the container.
• the container is in fact a reinforcement that is positioned on the outside of the prefabricated panel.
• the container is produced of sheet by procedure of pressing metal sheets to moulds, and in the same time the connection elements for binding the panel to the bearing construction are also being made. Panels manufactured this way can be compared to the standardized building elements made from steel and light metals, which enable the transfer of forces between the bearing construction and prefabricated panels.
• the prefabricated panel can be made of a huge variety of materials such as: concrete made from mineral substances with cement binding, from plaster or mineral substances with plaster binding, from mixtures based on artificial resins combined with common filling materials as for instance concrete, perlite concrete, mixture made of wooden fibers and cement, asbestos cement and similar materials. Paper number 41269 of Yugoslav Patent Bureau, describes the Honeycomb
• Construction Element for intermediate floors and facade construction with the characteristics of multipurpose application, simple in construction, and able to sustain heavy loads.
• the element consists of sheet metal containers, with honeycomb structures in between them while a rectangular frame surrounds both containers.
• the honeycomb cells are built from more perforated steel ribbons bent in zigzag manner which are connected to the lower container by the binding metal sheets.
• the inside of the construction element is filled with self-burned polyurethane foam, which penetrates through the perforations of the honeycomb cells.
• the reinforced girder is made from ceramic elements bind by concrete, as shown in the paper of Yugoslav Patent Bureau,(number 22622), used for manufacturing building constructions with reinforcement, more precisely with pre-stressed reinforcement like girders. It is consisted of a lower part with depressions of different shape for reception of the reinforcement, and an upper part, which has a depression of the opposite orientation. The lower depression is filled with the ends of reinforcement, around the concrete, after that both parts are glued together with cement mortar on the adjoining surfaces.
• the Essence of the Invention The semi-prefabricated system for mtenriediate floor construction, as a combination of traditional and prefabricated methods of building, has a number of advantages, and as a matter of fact it utilizes the best characteristics of these methods.
• Large spans are, in Yugoslavia, mostly used in industrial and some public buildings
• the inventors, according to this invention solved the problem of large span intermediate floor construction (10 meters and more) in public, industrial as well as in residential buildings, acquiring completely adaptable spaces that can be easily rearranged Despite the fact that residential buildings do not have public character, there is often a need for adoption of space that brings us to the reasoning that distance between fixed walls should go up to 10 meters
• the essence of the invention is that newly constructed light lattice girders are manufactured and than delivered to building sites and then assembled with specific ceiling filling
• the light lattice girders, made of appropriate steel wire are placed into ceramic hollow tiles with the necessary reinforcement and cast with cement based fine- gra concrete Girders are directly mounted on fixed walls and on supporting scaffolding, situated every 2,5 meters and additionally raised in accordance to the size of the deflection of the joint
• the invention Taking care in assembly phase and during concrete casting with vibrations, due to which fresh concrete is getting the characte ⁇ stics of heavy fluid with tendency of increased side pressure, and with increased effect of uplift forces, the invention has provided simple and efficient way of stiffening Stiffening is based on mounting a wooden grill made of small wooden cross beams over upper non-carrying blocks The small crossbeams are fixed with steel wire tied to the upper profile of the light lattice girder The force used to* tighten the steel wire controls the le ⁇ el of stiffness
• Figure 1 is showing an axonomet ⁇ c projection scheme of the part of the building construction - intermediate floor with one field and two supports
• Figure la is showing an axonomet ⁇ c projection scheme of the part of the building construction - continual inte ⁇ nediate floor realized in two fields with an intermediate column
• Figure 2 is showing the cross section of II-II floor girder (from figures 1 and la) carried out in the field between supports, shown in a profile projection •
• Figure 3 is showing a cross section of III-III floor girder from figure la placed by the mte ⁇ nediate column, shown in profile projection
• Figure 4 is showing a cross section of IV-IV floor girder from figure la placed by the inte ⁇ nediate column, shown in a vertical projection
• Figure (5) is showing a scheme of a part of the prefabricated light lattice girder shown in longitudinal direction, vertical projection
• Figure 6 is showing an enlarged detail A from figure (5)
• Figure (7) is showing the lattice girder from figure (5) in cross section VII-VII, shown in side profile projection, and significantly enlarged
• Figure 8 is showing a cross section of VIII- VIII from figure 6 shown in a profile projection
• Figure 9 is showing an axonomet ⁇ c projection of the prefabricated hollow tile of the lattice girder
• Figure 10 is showing an axonomet ⁇ c projection of the prefab ⁇ cated lower hollow tile of the lattice girder •
• Figure 1 1 is showing an axonomet ⁇ c projection of the diagonal triangular and spirally shaped steel reinforcement hollow tile of the prefab ⁇ cated light steel lattice girder
• Figure 12 is showing an axonomet ⁇ c projection of the prefabricated tile lid of the upper non-carrying block filling •
• Figure 13 is showing an axonomet ⁇ c projection of the prefab ⁇ cated spring steel wire for fixing the tile lid to the side of the hollow tile
• Figure (14) is showing an axonomet ⁇ c projection of the prefabricated lower carrying hollow tile block
• Figure (15) is showing an axonomet ⁇ c projection of the prefabricated upper non- carrying hollow tile block
• Figure 16 is showing an axonomet ⁇ c projection of the prefab ⁇ cated lower plate hollow tile block which is placed on the intermediate column
• Figure 1(7) is showing an axonomet ⁇ c projection of the prefabricated lower carrying hollow tile block(half the width of the block shown in figure 14) which is placed on the intermediate column
• FIG. 1 is showing a continual lnte ⁇ nediate floor on two fields, with an mte ⁇ nediate column 4a, where the length 1 0 of each field is more or less than 10 meters
• Girders (5) that serve to carry the lower carrying hollow tile blocks (6), are made of diagonal, triangular and spiral steel reinforcement filling of the prefab ⁇ cated light steel lattice girder (9), upper hollow tile blocks (10) and lower hollow tile blocks ( 11) (see figures 5, 6, 7) Inside of the triangular and spirally shaped steel reinforcement lattice (9) are placed flat steel profiles which are "welded" by fine grain concrete that is cast into the ceramic upper hollow tile blocks (10) and lower hollow tile blocks (11) Girders (5) may be not only strait but also horizontally or vertically curved, ring shaped or twisted
• FIG. 10 shows us that the lower hollow tile blocks are made in a such way that their sides 11' are oblique in an upward direction while its upper horizontal surface 1 1 ' " is flat and wider, so that the hollow tile blocks 6 are " sitting" on a considerably bigger area and that increases safety coefficient and bearing capacity during the assembly process
• the lower carrying hollow tiles blocks (6) are mounted on the top side, between two girders (5) on their lower hollow tiles blocks ( 1 1), next to each other Over the lower carrying hollow tile blocks (6) are mounted the upper non-carrying hollow tiles blocks (on top of each other )(7), which width and depth is equal to the to the width and depth of the blocks (6), as shown in figure 2
• the lower carrying hollow tile blocks 6, in contrast to the known Fert hollow tile blocks "Y" have a horizontal wall 12 which considerably increases
• the upper non-carrying hollow tile blocks (7) are parallelepiped-shaped hollow blocks, adjusted with their lower part to fit to the lower hollow tiles blocks (7)
• Three vertical partition walls (15) divide the interior of hollow tile blocks into two broader and two narrower tunnels (7) Between side walls and broader tunnels, the block (7) has narrow cuts 16 which are divided into two identical parts with a horizontal partition, as shown in figure (15)
• This reinforcement is a wooden grill made of 8 small wooden beams (with cross section of 48 mm x 48 mm)
• the longitudinal beams are placed in the middle of the upper hollow tile blocks (7), while 8 beams are placed in a cross direction They are fixed by a steel wire turnbuckle (18) which lower end is tied to the upper part of the girder (5), more precisely to its upper hollow tile 10
• the stiffness of the structure is controlled by the steel wire turnbuckle (18)
• additional reinforcement of lower and upper parts of the intermediate floor can be built in during the production of the girder, or at the building site
• a reinforcing cage made of the lightest wire-mesh reinforcement, banded into the shape of the Greek letter "El” Reinforcing the upper part of the continual inte ⁇ nediate floor with the lightest wire mash is compulson This reinforcement will insure
• the lower carrying hollow tile blocks (19) are half of the length of blocks 6 and are placed on the lower hollow tiles with gaps in between (e g 12,5 cm ) to enable fresh concrete to fill the spaces within the hollow tile blocks (19) forming that way the pressurized lower area
• the construction of the lower carrying hollow tile blocks (19) is shown in figure (17) and it is identical to lower carrying hollow tile blocks (6) from figure 14, which width is 25 cm
• the gap between lover carrying blocks (19) is filled with thin beanng plate- shaped blocks (20) (see its sides 1 1' and flat areas 1 1 ") and those are the lower bearing surface of the fresh concrete
• Above the lower carrying hollow tile bearing blocks (19) are placed the upper non-carrying hollow tiles blocks (7) in the same manner as shown in figure 1
• These hollow tile blocks (21 ) are shown in figure 1 1, as well as in figure 6 where they are presented together with the girder (5) Its cross section is shown in figure 8, and it has at the end of the inner broader end a prismatic cavity (22), which has the function of supporting the possible reinforcement
• Front sides of hollow tile blocks (7) need to be closed with a plate lid (23) on the ends as well as in places for cross girders This closing is done to prevent concrete from getting into hollow tile blocks (7)
• the deflections are calculated by approximate or accurate formulae taking in consideration only concrete and its reinforcement, although the stiffness is far bigger because it is increased by space girders (5) and hollow tile blocks (6) and (7), that also contribute to increased overall security

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Floor Finish (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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ID=47605196

Family Applications (1)

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Family Cites Families (5)

• 1997
  • 1997-07-25 RS YU32297A patent/RS49530B/sr unknown
• 1998
  • 1998-07-22 WO PCT/YU1998/000017 patent/WO1999005371A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1998-07-22 AU AU84149/98A patent/AU8414998A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1998-07-22 EP EP98934674A patent/EP1012421A2/en not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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