EP1053823A2 - Dispositif pour maintenir une pièce - Google Patents

Dispositif pour maintenir une pièce Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1053823A2
EP1053823A2 EP20000109686 EP00109686A EP1053823A2 EP 1053823 A2 EP1053823 A2 EP 1053823A2 EP 20000109686 EP20000109686 EP 20000109686 EP 00109686 A EP00109686 A EP 00109686A EP 1053823 A2 EP1053823 A2 EP 1053823A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clamping
workpiece
support
vacuum
clamping jaw
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20000109686
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karl Göckel
Martin Göckel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19949863A external-priority patent/DE19949863A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1053823A2 publication Critical patent/EP1053823A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING, OR HOLDING
    • B25B11/00—Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
    • B25B11/005—Vacuum work holders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING, OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/06—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
    • B25B5/061—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws with fluid drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING, OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/06—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
    • B25B5/08—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using cams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING, OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/06—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
    • B25B5/08—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using cams
    • B25B5/087—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using cams actuated by a hydraulic or pneumatic piston
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING, OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/06—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
    • B25B5/12—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using toggle links
    • B25B5/122—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using toggle links with fluid drive

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for holding a Workpiece according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • clamping devices In machine tools, it is known to use workpieces with clamping devices to support, align and to on a work table hold.
  • the clamping devices are in one for the work table Machining the workpiece in a suitable position Fixed screw connections, for which purpose e.g. parallel T-slots in Work table can be provided. For height adjustment can be placed under the workpiece support plates.
  • extension parts e.g. on levers seated cheeks.
  • the actuation of the Clamping devices can be done manually or remotely.
  • Pneumatic or hydraulic clamping devices are common Drive.
  • a disadvantage of known clamping devices is that the Clamping process is material and costly and that the Time spent setting up the clamping device is high.
  • the invention has for its object a device for Holding a workpiece to develop on a work table the flexible and with little time to the geometry of a any workpiece is adaptable, with a collision with a tool should be avoided.
  • a first one Adjustment device causes the pivoting or twisting Clamping lever from a rest position into a working position or just over a workpiece.
  • Another adjustment device moves the jaws in the direction of the workpiece.
  • Clamping position is a clamping jaw on the workpiece.
  • the Workpiece is clamped against a base.
  • a clamping jaw e.g. with a toggle system, be locked that while machining the workpiece the tension cannot be released.
  • this document has a smaller one Base area as the workpiece to be clamped is a support surface having. This creates between the workpiece and the work table a cavity with the height of the base. The respective Side part of the workpiece can be removed due to the spacing the base and the resulting space between Workpiece and work table, completely on the side, e.g. by means of a milling cutter. Because of the created cavity, the machining tool collides, e.g.
  • the necessary counterforce is in another Execution of the invention by means of an adjusting device for a guide element of the jaws adjustable, the Setting can be done manually or automatically. As part of According to the invention, however, it is also possible to adjust the counterforce Build up completion of the tensioning process.
  • the tensioning device can also be used be structurally united in a vacuum chuck, whereby the Advantage of the free positionability of the clamping device results in a vacuum table.
  • the vacuum table is advantageous with Provide suction openings that in any position Vacuum clamping plate or the clamping device on these elements the vacuum table can be fixed.
  • Vacuum clamping plate can be provided rotatably.
  • the clamping device can be dimensioned such that a clamping jaw is sufficient Holding forces. This makes it possible to become dependent one of the clamping jaws from the working position of a tool turn off so that the tool has free work space.
  • Pneumatic clamping devices are particularly advantageous Working cylinder and operated with a toggle mechanism Jaws.
  • clamping device is designed as a single clamping element, then when using a two-part, angled Jaws of each link for improved adaptation to the Workpiece geometry can be provided adjustable in length. At the end of a clamping jaw, pressure pieces can be exchanged be provided, the pressure pieces of the shape of the workpieces can be specially adapted.
  • the first Adjustment device on a vertically adjustable second Adjustment device is attached, being used for vertical guidance the second adjustment device linear guides and Reset of the second adjustment device return springs can be provided.
  • the one Executed work table 1 has a grid of continuous Holes 2, which can be connected to a vacuum system, what be indicated schematically by the vacuum pump 3 shown should.
  • the distances between the bores 2 are based on the dimensions of Suction plates 4 designed so that it is possible to a suction plate 4th to fix in any position on the work table 1.
  • a suction plate 4 has a cavity 5 lying at the bottom, which with the vacuum pump 3 can be evacuated.
  • a seal 6 between a support edge of the suction plate 4 and the work table 1 ensures the maintenance of the vacuum and thus the Holding forces of the suction plate 4 on the work table 1.
  • the vacuum is distributed to suction heads 9, 10 which form a support for a double clamp 11.
  • the double clamp 11 consists of a base plate 12 and one on the base plate 12 about an axis 13 rotatable clamping attachment, which in any Rotational position is fixable.
  • the clamping attachment consists of a Frame 14 in which two angled levers 15, 16 with the Ends of seated jaws 17, 18 about horizontal axes 19, 20 are pivotally mounted.
  • the lever 16 is in Clamping position. It generates over a not shown Toggle mechanism and pneumatic drive elements clamping forces F on a workpiece 21 against a base 22. Because the Lever 15 is brought into its rest position Effectiveness for a tool 23 for machining the Workpiece 21 on the side of the lever 15.
  • Die Pneumatic lines 24, 25 for the drive elements of the levers 15, 16 are connected to a machine control 26.
  • the Machine control 26 effects the positioning of the tool 23 and the turning on and off of one of the levers 15 or 16.
  • Das Workpiece 21 remains securely clamped in any case, one Collision of the levers 15, 16 with the tool 23 excluded is.
  • the double tensioner in a frame 29 contains one a bracket 30 attached drive cylinder 31, one with the Toggle lever system 27 coupled angled pressure plate 32 and a clamping cylinder 33 acting from above.
  • the toggle lever system 27 consists of a U-shaped switching claw 36 which is connected to the piston of the Driving cylinder 31 is coupled. Between the legs of the Shifting claw 36 are two pairs of levers 37, 38 and 39.40 pivoted.
  • the outer, longer levers 37.38 each sit on bearing bolts 41, 42 at the end of the angled one Pressure plate 32 and at one end of the inner, shorter Lever 39.40.
  • the other end of the inner levers 39.40 sits on a bearing pin 43 on the clamping lever 28.
  • Der Clamping lever 28 consists of two flat parts, which with Spacers 44 are spaced apart.
  • the tension lever 28 is angled as shown and on that of the jaws 34 opposite side on a bearing pin 45 on the pressure plate 32 stored.
  • the pressure plate 32 is pivotable on the frame 29 in a bearing pin 46 held.
  • Fig. 2 the double clamp is shown in the open state.
  • the piston of the driving cylinder 31 extends and at the same time receives a 3/2-way delay valve compressed air.
  • the piston of the driving cylinder 31 is Toggle lever 27 of the clamping lever 28 in that shown in Fig. 3 Brought clamping position.
  • the clamping cylinder 33 in Extended towards the pressure plate 32.
  • the clamping cylinder 33 presses the pressure plate 32 with all the parts attached to it below.
  • the tensioning device shown in FIG. 5 shows one Single clamp.
  • the tensioning device contains a first one Linear adjustment element 49.
  • the linear adjustment element 49 is on attached to a cover plate 50 of a housing.
  • the housing is there furthermore from side plates 51, 52, 53 and a base plate 54.
  • the base plate 54 is on by means not shown a worktop 55 attached.
  • the linear adjustment element 49 is suitable, a holding plate 56 attached to it in vertical To adjust direction 57.
  • the linear adjustment element 49 can operated hydraulically, pneumatically or mechanically by hand become.
  • the linear adjustment element 58 contains an essentially horizontally acting pneumatic Working cylinder 59, to which a pivot mechanism 60 is coupled is one of two arms 63, 64 about pivot axes 61, 62 existing jaws 65 from a rest position in the can bring represented working position, as it already does 1-4 has been described.
  • the arm 63 is made of two Telescopic pieces 66.67 built, so in its length adjustable and adjustable to the height h of a workpiece 68. On Clamping piece 69 prevents the Telescopic pieces 66, 67.
  • the second arm 64 is interchangeable and in the indicated direction 71 in Coupling piece 70 is provided adjustable.
  • the arm 64 is in Coupling piece 70 clamped.
  • a pressure piece 72 is pivotable about an axis 73 attached.
  • the pressure piece 72 can the workpiece surface adapted other shapes, e.g. prismatic or round shapes, accept.
  • the workpiece 68 lies on a support for clamping 74, which rests on the cover plate 50.
  • the workpiece 68 is clamped against the support 74 accomplished by actuating the linear adjustment element 49.
  • the jaw 65 moves when the Linear adjustment element 49 from the working position shown in vertical direction 75 against the workpiece 68 in its Clamping position.
  • the line of action 76 of the clamping force runs perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the workpiece 68, so that by the Clamp no or only minimal tilting moments on workpiece 68 Act.
  • the holding plate runs along with it during its vertical movement all parts connected to it in four vertical guides 77. Im
  • the vertical guides 77 each consist of one the cylindrical guide bolts 78 fastened to the holding plate 56, which slides in a sleeve 79 without play, which on the base plate 54 is attached.
  • Compression spring 81 Between the base plate 54 and the bottom of one Hole 80 in the guide pin 78 is one Compression spring 81, which is a provision of the holding plate 56 and the Clamping jaw 65 causes as soon as the force of the Linear adjustment element 49 is put out of operation. Except a sliding pairing between guide pin 78 and sleeves 79 come precision pairings with rolling elements, such as balls or Roles, in question.
  • FIG. 6 and 7 are applications of those relating to FIG. 5 described clamping device shown.
  • the workpiece 80 in FIG. 6 has a multiple angled shape.
  • Individual clamps 81 are mutually along the contour of the Workpiece 80 arranged in a density that a safe Holding the workpiece 80 guaranteed.
  • FIGs 8 and 9 are in the open and shown closed single clamp, the special Guide elements for a two-part clamping jaw 87 having. 8 and 9 is an x-y-z coordinate system for better understanding introduced.
  • the first link consists of a lever arm 88 with a threaded piece 89.
  • a guide piece 90 is screwed and with a nut 91 secured against rotation.
  • the guide piece 90 has two on the side milled guide slots 92 which are parallel to the axis of the Threaded piece 89 are.
  • the second link of the jaw 87 is screwed onto the threaded piece 89 and also with a Mother 93 secured.
  • the second link is as a lever arm 94 formed, at the end of a pivotable about an axis 95 Pressure piece 96 is arranged.
  • the lever arm 88 is with elements 97, 98, 99 of a toggle lever mechanism, not shown connected.
  • the action of a working cylinder can do that Toggle mechanism cause the jaws 87 from a in Fig. 8 shown rest position in the shown in Fig. 9 Working position is brought. They are in the working position Guide slots 92 essentially vertical in the z direction. If through the action of a second adjustment device the complete Clamping jaws 87 from the working position into a clamping position in System is brought to a workpiece, then the moves Clamping jaws 87 in the direction of arrow 100 downwards.
  • index bolts 101, 102 engaged, each on a bracket 103, 104th are located.
  • the index bolts 101, 102 and the guide slots 92 cause a positive guidance of the clamping jaw 87 in his Downward movement.
  • the downward movement can be next to the vertical a horizontal component lying in the y direction exhibit.
  • the amount of the y component is adjustable, which is why Brackets 103, 104 are formed as rockers.
  • the brackets 103, 104 are with two adjusting screws 105-108 on one vertical side wall 109 of the jig attached.
  • the the Side wall 109 facing surfaces of the brackets 103, 104 consist of two flat surfaces that are angled to each other.
  • the intersection lines of the surfaces each form an edge 110, 111, which are parallel to the x direction and a tilt axis of the Represent bracket 103 or 104.
  • the edges 110, 111 sit in a groove 112 which is in the x direction in the side wall 109 is introduced.
  • the brackets 103, 104 tilted in the direction of arrow 113 become.
  • the respective outside of the tilt axis on the bracket 103, 104 arranged index bolts 101, 102 is also perform a rotation about the tilt axis, taking its position is changed in the y direction.
  • the clamping device consists of a base plate 114, a cover plate 115 and further side walls 116, 117. If a workpiece between the pressure piece 96 and one on the Cover plate 115 located 118 should be stretched, then it is desirable that the pressure piece 96 on the Clamping forces exerted by the workpiece through the center of gravity of the Workpiece run, otherwise would be undesirable Tipping moments act on the workpiece. Because when tensioning the workpiece of the clamping jaws 87, as already stated above, can perform a movement in the y direction, it is possible to Forces causing tilting moments by adjusting the position the index bolt 101, 102 to compensate.
  • the single clamp shown in Fig. 10 corresponds to the essential parts of that already described with FIGS. 8 and 9 Single clamp.
  • the peculiarity of the single clamp according to FIG. 10 consists in the execution of the document 119 under one exciting workpiece.
  • the pad 119 is on the side Cover plate 120 around a pin 121 in the direction shown 122 rotatably mounted. When swiveling in said direction 122 the pad 119 slides on the surface of the cover plate 120.
  • the pin 121 is fixed in a slider 123, which with the help of grub screws 124, 125 in a horizontal direction 126 can be shifted parallel to that in Fig. 8 and 9th introduced y direction. Due to the possibility of Displacement and rotation of the pad 119 is an optimal one Distribution of clamping forces for any, in particular curved workpiece shape possible.
  • the Adjustments for a two-armed jaw 129 houses.
  • a first adjustment device causes one Swiveling of the jaws 129 around a horizontal one Axis 130.
  • a second adjustment device causes one Displacement in the vertical direction 131.
  • the top of the Housing 128 forms workpiece support 132 for a workpiece 133.
  • the workpiece 133 lies between a support element 134, which is attached to the housing 128, and one Catheter surface of a wedge-shaped pressure piece 135.
  • Das prismatic pressure piece 135 has the cross section of a right-angled, unequal triangle. With the second The pressure piece 135 slides in the plane of the catheter surface Workpiece support 132.
  • the hypotenuse surface of the pressure piece 135 is paired with the hypotenuse surface of a wedge 136 which also a cross section of a rectangular triangle having.
  • the wedge 136 lies against one surface of the catheter a further support element 137, which is attached to the housing 128 is.
  • the support element 137 and the pressure piece 135 are with a Tension spring 138 connected. If that is at the end of the second arm of the Clamping jaws 129 seated pressure piece 139 by the action of second adjustment device for the jaws 129 in the indicated direction 131 against the second catheter surface of the Wedge 136 is pressed, then the wedge 136 moves downward, so that the push piece 135 in the horizontal direction against the Workpiece 133 is pressed.
  • the workpiece 133 is against Support element 134 cocked.
  • the jaw 129 is moved upward in direction 131.
  • the Tension spring 138 pulls the pressure piece 135 in the direction of Support element 137, whereby the workpiece 133 released and the Wedge 136 is moved up to a stop.
  • the A special feature of this single clamp is that the clamping jaws 129 is not used directly for clamping the workpiece 133, but the vertical clamping forces of the clamping jaw 129 with the help of the wedge 136 can be converted into horizontal clamping forces.
  • FIG. 12 and 13 is a double clamp with two Chuck jaws 140, 141 shown, alternately for clamping be used.
  • the clamping jaws 140, 141 have the 11 described structure. They are each about axes 142, 143 can be swiveled and moved in the vertical direction 144.
  • the Double clamp comprises a housing 145 with a bearing surface 146.
  • the double clamp contains an adjustable and removable Workpiece support 147.
  • the workpiece support 147 is about an axis 148 swiveling and horizontally along a degree guide 149 positionable. Is located under a workpiece 150 to be clamped a solid base 151.
  • the clamping process runs in Individuals as follows: As shown in Fig.
  • the pressure piece 152 of the Clamping jaw 141 exerts a clamping force in the vertical direction 144 on the workpiece 150.
  • the direction of action 153 of Tensioning forces run approximately through the center of the base 151.
  • the workpiece support 147 and the second clamping jaw 142 are shown in FIG pivoted position. With a tool such as one Form milling cutter, it is possible to use the contour shown in dashed lines 154 of the workpiece 150 to be removed. The tool is neither through the jaws 142 still from the base 151 in his Function hindered. After completion of the contour 154 first the workpiece support 147 to that shown in FIG. 13 Position driven.
  • the workpiece support 147 is then on one horizontal surface 155 of the contour 154 previously worked out.
  • the clamping jaw 142 is in the clamping position brought.
  • the pressure piece 156 of the jaw 142 exercises one Clamping force in the vertical direction 144 on the workpiece 150.
  • the direction of action 157 of the clamping forces runs approximately between the vertical projection of the support line of the Workpiece support 147 on the surface 155 and the vertical Center axis 158 of the pad 151.
  • FIG. the jaws 141 to release machining a second Contour 159 swung away.
  • the location of the pad 151 under the Workpiece 150 and the position of the workpiece support 147 is so chosen that even with the effect of machining forces always one safe tension is guaranteed.
  • Fig. 14 is a jaw with a fork-shaped Arm end shown.
  • the tension arm end is with two Cantilever parts 160, 161 formed around a Attachment point 162 are pivotable.
  • lever arms 163, 164 At the end of the boom parts 160, 161 sit lever arms 163, 164, each around axle bolts 165, 166 are pivotable.
  • the lever arms 163, 164 have Elongated holes 167, 168 through which the axle bolts 165, 166 protrude.
  • the effective lever length is by moving the lever arms 163, 164 adjustable in the elongated holes 167, 168.
  • At the ends of the Lever arms 163, 164 are pressure pieces 169, 170, which at Clamps are in contact with a workpiece. After setting up of the clamping jaw on the dimensions of the workpiece Positions of the lever arms 163, 164 on the boom parts 160, 161 and the boom parts 160, 161 at the attachment point 162 fixed.
  • the clamping device shown in Fig. 15 with a Jaw 171 includes a workpiece pad 172 and a Pressure piece 173, which conforms to the shape of a workpiece 174 are.
  • the tensioning device is constructed as it is 11 has been described.
  • the workpiece 174 has one square cross section.
  • To die with a tool To be able to mill the contour 175 shown is the workpiece 174 stretched across its diagonal. For this are in the Workpiece pad 172 a rectangular groove 176 and in the Push piece 173 incorporated a right-angled notch 177.
  • the Workpiece pad 172 is on the housing 178 of the clamping device attached.
  • a tensioning device shown in FIG. 16 with a clamping jaw 179 is a plurality of workpiece supports 180, 181, 182 for clamping a workpiece 183 on a Workpiece support 184 used.
  • the like Workpiece supports 180, 181, 182 are offset horizontally in this way arranged to each other that they each have a side surface an existing contour 185 of the workpiece 183 and give it lateral support when working with a tool.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
EP20000109686 1999-05-08 2000-05-08 Dispositif pour maintenir une pièce Withdrawn EP1053823A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19921070 1999-05-08
DE19921070 1999-05-08
DE19936738 1999-08-07
DE19936738 1999-08-07
DE19949863A DE19949863A1 (de) 1999-05-08 1999-10-16 Vorrichtung zum Halten eines Werkstückes
DE19949863 1999-10-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1053823A2 true EP1053823A2 (fr) 2000-11-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20000109686 Withdrawn EP1053823A2 (fr) 1999-05-08 2000-05-08 Dispositif pour maintenir une pièce

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EP (1) EP1053823A2 (fr)

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WO2005014229A1 (fr) * 2003-07-11 2005-02-17 Martin John Lenzini Systeme de retenue a vide
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WO2016071351A1 (fr) * 2014-11-03 2016-05-12 Homag Holzbearbeitungssysteme Gmbh Dispositif de serrage
CN105922161A (zh) * 2016-06-21 2016-09-07 苏州赛腾精密电子股份有限公司 一种吸盘夹爪夹紧机构
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CN113776778A (zh) * 2021-09-18 2021-12-10 四川华丰科技股份有限公司 一种压接光模块通用测试夹具
CN113858230A (zh) * 2021-10-23 2021-12-31 东莞市朗明精密机械科技有限公司 一种夹持机械手
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CN115716178A (zh) * 2022-11-25 2023-02-28 宁德晟硕科技有限公司 一种动力电池盖板专业制造夹具及其使用方法
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CN116372842A (zh) * 2023-05-23 2023-07-04 北京半导体专用设备研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第四十五研究所） 一种用于大型精密零件翻转的夹持机构及半导体设备
CN116393335A (zh) * 2023-05-30 2023-07-07 常州铭赛机器人科技股份有限公司 工件装夹治具、工件装夹方法
CN116393335B (zh) * 2023-05-30 2023-09-15 常州铭赛机器人科技股份有限公司 工件装夹治具、工件装夹方法
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