EP1070331B1 - Interrupteur electrique - Google Patents

Interrupteur electrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1070331B1
EP1070331B1 EP99944139A EP99944139A EP1070331B1 EP 1070331 B1 EP1070331 B1 EP 1070331B1 EP 99944139 A EP99944139 A EP 99944139A EP 99944139 A EP99944139 A EP 99944139A EP 1070331 B1 EP1070331 B1 EP 1070331B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuating member
switch
blocking means
actuator
plunger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99944139A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1070331A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Broghammer
Uwe Stratmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Marquardt GmbH
Original Assignee
Marquardt GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Marquardt GmbH filed Critical Marquardt GmbH
Publication of EP1070331A1 publication Critical patent/EP1070331A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1070331B1 publication Critical patent/EP1070331B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/20Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch wherein an auxiliary movement thereof, or of an attachment thereto, is necessary before the main movement is possible or effective, e.g. for unlatching, for coupling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/06Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical switch according to the Preamble of claim 1.
  • Such electrical switches are in Electrical devices, such as in electrical hand tools or the like. used.
  • the Hand power tool to be an electric drill.
  • the Switch is used for switching on and off and if necessary continue to the speed setting of an electric motor Electric hand tool.
  • the electrical Switch be provided with a switch-on lock.
  • This Switch has a housing, a movable on the housing arranged actuator and one the movement of the Actuator in the housing-transmitting plunger Action on the switch.
  • the actuator is off a starting position movable in operating positions, in which can each trigger a function of the switch.
  • the A switch is associated with a blocking means between one Locked state to lock the movement of the actuator and a release state to release the movement of the Actuator is switchable.
  • the blocking means in this switch acts as Lockout. After that in the starting position Actuating means from the locked state to the release state is switched, the actuator can in the Operating position are moved. In the operating position is however no further effect of a blocking agent provided so that the locking means on this switch has only a single functionality.
  • the invention has for its object a switch type mentioned above with blocking means of extended Functionality.
  • the first blocking means act on the switch according to the invention the actuator in its initial position and second Locking means in a first operating position of the Actuator.
  • the switch is a three Actuator for switching positions Switching of the two blocking means assigned. In the first Switch position of the actuator is first blocking means in the blocked state. In the second Switch position is the first locking means in Release state and the second locking means in the locked state. Finally, both are in the third switch position Locking agent in the release state.
  • the first blocking means can be in the form of a switch-on block and the second blocking means in the form of a circuit block be trained for the actuator.
  • the actuator is only in the starting position of the actuator switchable.
  • the first is in a special embodiment Locking means from a with the actuator in Active connection approach and one on the actuator arranged corresponding stop.
  • Approach in the initial position in the locked state in the system the stop and is in the release state on the side of the stop moved past.
  • the second locking device is a stroke limitation designed for the actuator such that the Movement path of the actuator in the locked state on the first actuation position is limited and in the release state for further movement in the second actuation position is released.
  • the stroke limitation can in turn consist of a movable one Tappet centrally surrounding cam ring and an am Actuator attached corresponding stop consist.
  • the stop comes in the first Actuating position in the locked state against a cam of the cam ring and is in the release state on the side of the cam moved past.
  • a pin on the actuator which in one engages fork attached to the cam ring, can move of the cam ring between the locked state and the released state serve.
  • the actuator as a slide, Swivel lever, adjusting wheel or the like with three locking positions be trained. Acts to determine the locking positions Approach to the actuator with a detent spring together.
  • the switch is easy to install in the electrical device passed on if the actuating element is a pre-assembled unit forms with the switch.
  • the actuating element is a pre-assembled unit forms with the switch.
  • Therefor can, for example, a carrier part with the housing of the Switch are connected, the actuator is movably supported in the carrier part.
  • the advantages achieved with the invention exist in particular that in the starting position of the Actuator certain functions of the switch can be selected and other functions can be blocked. So that's a accidental activation of unwanted functions effectively prevented by the user, which also Risk of accident for the user is reduced.
  • the electric hand tool in a first Operating position of the actuator with a variable and optionally regulated speed that is less than that maximum speed is to be operable while in a second operating position the electric hand tool with the maximum, but unregulated speed is operable.
  • the User can depend on the material to be machined lock the second actuation position selectable, from which optimal work result results.
  • the switch according to the invention achieves yet another Safety gain for the user of the electrical hand tool.
  • the blocking agent itself excessive stress on the actuator, if that Locking agent is in the locked state, the occurrence a tilting moment avoided on the actuator. This will an accidental or improper switching on of the Electric hand tool effectively prevented.
  • the Electric hand tool 20 has one in the handle 21 arranged electrical switch 1, the on and Turn off and not to set the speed of the Serves electric motor shown in the electric hand tool 20.
  • the electric hand tool 20 can be, for example a mains powered electric drill, one Actuate cordless drill or the like.
  • the switch 1 shown in more detail in Fig. 1 has a Housing 2, on which an actuator 3 is movably arranged is.
  • the actuator 3 has, for example, the shape of a linearly movable handle that the user manually emotional.
  • the speed of the electric motor by means of a phase control, one Pulse width modulation or the like set and if necessary regulated, i.e. even under stress on the electric hand tool 20 kept largely constant. With fully switched Actuator 3 then runs the electric motor at maximum Rotational speed.
  • the switch 1 also has a plunger 4, which Movement of the actuator 3 in the housing 2 transmits.
  • an actuator 3 designed as a handle the plunger 4 approximately in the middle or slightly outside the middle, for example the bottom of the pusher facing, attached to the pusher.
  • the housing 2 acts Ram 4 on at least one located in the housing 2 electrical component, such as on a contact system 22, 23 a potentiometer 25 o assigned to a printed circuit board 24.
  • a as is apparent from Fig. 7.
  • the Actuator 3 is from a starting position in Fig. 1 is shown by manual user action in direction 26 in a first actuation position and from this can be moved into a further second actuation position.
  • the switch 1 is assigned two locking means 5, 6 which between a locked state to lock the movement of the Actuator 3 and a release state for release the movement of the actuator 3 are switchable.
  • the first locking means 5 is located near the Actuator 3 and acts on the actuator 3 in its starting position.
  • the second blocking means 6 is located near the plunger 4 and acts on it Actuator 3 in the first actuation position.
  • the second blocking means 6 is preferably located centrally Tappet 4 arranged. It is also important that a single, Actuating element 7 having three switch positions for Switching of the two blocking means 5, 6 the switch 1 assigned.
  • In the first switch position of the The actuating element 7 is the first blocking means 5 in the locked state.
  • In the second switch position of the Actuator 7 is the first locking means 5 in Release state and the second locking means 6 in the locked state located.
  • In the third switch position of the Actuator 7 are finally both Locking means 5, 6 in the release state.
  • the switch 2 is preferably located in the housing 2 two contact systems 22, 23, as can be seen in more detail in FIG. 7. If necessary, a potentiometer 25 can be provided in the housing 2 and electronics for speed adjustment or Speed control of the electric motor on the printed circuit board 24 be arranged.
  • a potentiometer 25 can be provided in the housing 2 and electronics for speed adjustment or Speed control of the electric motor on the printed circuit board 24 be arranged.
  • the first blocking means 5 is in the manner of a lockout for the actuator 3 trained so that the actuator 3 in the first Switch position of the actuating element 7 is not movable, which prevents the electric motor from being switched on. First after the actuator 7 in the second or third Switch position is switched, the electric motor be switched on.
  • the actuating element 7 is in the second Switch position, the actuator 3 in the first Operating position are moved.
  • the first Actuating position finds a switching effect of the Ram 4 on the first contact system 22 instead, which the Voltage for the electronics is switched on.
  • the potentiometer 25 according to the movement path of the actuator 3 in the direction 26 (see Fig. 1), so that a setting on the electronics a variable and preferably regulated speed of the Electric motor according to the movement position of the Actuator 3 is made.
  • the second blocking agent 6 is in the form of a circuit lockout for the Actuator 3 is formed, with which switching on Actuator 3 in the second operating position is prevented because the second locking means 6 in Locked state.
  • the actuating element 7 is finally in the third switching position, the actuator 3 can both in the first as well as in the second operating position are moved because both locking means 5, 6 in the release state are located.
  • the second actuation position then a switching action of the plunger 4 on the second Contact system 23, which bridges the electronics. As a result, the full voltage is applied to the electric motor and the Electric motor moves with maximum, unregulated Rotational speed.
  • the actuating element 7 is expediently only in the starting position of the actuator 3 switchable. In the starting position is first in the first Switch position a switch-on lock for the electric motor in place to protect the user from unwanted Operation of the electric hand tool 20 is used. To operate the user consciously switch the actuating element 7.
  • the user can choose between the second and third Select switching position.
  • the Electric motor with an adjustable and regulated speed, which, however, is less than the maximum speed operate. This mode of operation is suitable for Processing of hard materials, for example for the Drilling in metal.
  • the Electric motor with an adjustable speed up to to operate at maximum speed the operation with maximum speed is unregulated. This mode of operation can be useful when processing soft materials, for example when drilling in wood.
  • FIG. 1 there is the first Locking means 5 from one with the actuating element 7 in Active connection approach 8 and a Actuator 3 arranged, corresponding stop 9.
  • the extension 8 can be made in one piece with the actuating element 7 be trained.
  • the approach 8 comes in the starting position of the actuator 3 in the locked state, so if that Actuating element 7 is in the first switching position, in contact with the stop 9, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 in more detail evident.
  • the release state is corresponding in FIG. 3 the second switching position of the actuating element 7 and in Fig. 5 shows the release state corresponding to the third Switch position of the actuator 7 can be seen. How one 2 in conjunction with FIG.
  • an actuator 3 designed as a pusher offers it itself, the backdrop 10 for guidance for part of the first Locking means 5, namely for the approach 8, on the top to arrange the actuator 3.
  • the second locking means 6 is a stroke limitation for the Actuator 3 designed. This is the path of movement of the actuator 3 in the locked state, so if that Actuating element 7 is in the second switching position, limited to the first actuation position.
  • the stroke limitation consists of a movably arranged on the housing 2 Cam element 11 with at least one cam 12 and at least one attached to the actuator 3 corresponding stop 13, as shown in more detail in FIG. 2 evident.
  • the stop 13 comes in the first Operating position of the actuator 3 in the locked state in contact with the cam 12, as can be seen in Fig. 3, with what the movement path or the stroke of the actuator 3 on the first actuation position is limited.
  • third switching position of the actuating element 7 is the Stop 13 laterally moved past the cam 12, so that the Actuator 3 to the second actuation position is movable.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 is on Actuator 7, a pin 14 arranged in a Cam element 11 attached fork 15 engages.
  • the Pin 14 is when switching the actuator 7th between the second and third switching position Cam element 11 between the locked state and the Release state movable, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 evident.
  • Fig. 3 is the second switching position of the Actuator 7 shown, in which the cam 12 in such a position that the second Locking means 6 is in the locked state.
  • 4 is an intermediate position of the cam 12 shown that the first Switch position of the actuator 7 corresponds.
  • the first switch position is, as already mentioned above executed, the first locking means 5 in the locked state, so that the second locking means 6 is no longer effective here.
  • 5 is finally the third switching position of the Actuator 7 shown, in which the cam 12 in such a position that the second Locking means 6 is in the release state.
  • the configuration of the second locking means 6 as nearby the plunger 4 arranged stroke limitation prevents this Occurrence of a tilting moment on the actuator 3 improper or violent influence on the part of the user the actuator 3.
  • the Actuating element 7 in the second switching position according to FIG. 3 is located, with which the second locking means 6 its Takes lock state, is a tilting of the actuator 3rd excluded because the actuator 3 is firmly attached to the cam 12, which is located at the lower part of the housing 2, is present.
  • An overcoming of the locked state and an unwanted one Advancing the actuator 3 in the second Actuating position is thus effectively prevented.
  • This Effectiveness can be improved even more by that Cam element 11 as a centrally surrounding the tappet 4 Cam ring is formed, which in particular with reference to FIG. 3 to 5 is recognizable.
  • the actuator 7 in a carrier part 16 connected to the housing 2 be movable.
  • Actuator 7 also as a separately to be assembled Part only in the handle 21 of the electric hand tool 20 be stored.
  • the actuating element 7 is a slide 17 with three Rest positions formed. As in particular from Fig. 2 in more detail shows where the second switch position of the Actuator 7 with continuous lines and the further switching positions of the actuating element 7 are shown in dashed lines, are the first Switch position for the actuator 7 from the middle Rest position and the second and third switching position of the two side locking positions.
  • One here Detent spring acts with a in Fig. 2nd visible approach 18 on the actuator 7 for the Definition of the rest positions together.
  • actuating element 7 can also be used as Swivel lever or the like.
  • 8 and 9 is as a further embodiment, a setting wheel 27 as Actuating element for switching the two locking means 5, 6 shown.
  • the adjusting wheel 27 is in the handle 21 of the Electric hand tool 20 rotatably mounted.
  • the setting wheel 27 has three rest positions, which by the interaction a catch spring 28 visible in FIG. 9 with a shoulder 18 of the setting wheel 27 are fixed. At these rest positions are again the three switch positions of the Adjusting wheel 27.
  • On the adjusting wheel 27 there are function symbols 29 attached which the respective switching position characterize. There is a window in the handle 21 30, so that the switch position taken assigned function symbol 30 is visible to the user.

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  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Commutateur électrique pour le réglage de la vitesse de rotation d'un moteur électrique dans un appareil électrique, comme dans un outil électrique à main (20) ou analogue, comportant un organe d'actionnement mobile (3), l'organe d'actionnement (3) étant déplaçable d'une position initiale dans des positions d'actionnement, en particulier dans des première et seconde positions d'actionnement, dans lesquelles, à chaque fois, une fonction du commutateur (1) peut être déclenchée, et des moyens d'arrêt étant associés au commutateur (1), qui peuvent passer entre un état d'arrêt pour arrêter le déplacement de l'organe d'actionnement (3) et un état de libération pour libérer le déplacement de l'organe d'actionnement (3),
    caractérisé en ce qu'un premier moyen d'arrêt (5) agit sur l'organe d'actionnement (3) dans la position initiale, en ce qu'un second moyen d'arrêt (6) agit sur l'organe d'actionnement (3) dans la première position d'actionnement, et en ce qu'un élément d'actionnement (7) possédant trois positions de commutation, pour commuter les deux moyens d'arrêt (5, 6), est associé au commutateur (1), le premier moyen d'arrêt (5) se trouvant dans l'état d'arrêt dans la première position de commutation, le premier moyen d'arrêt (5) se trouvant dans l'état de libération dans la seconde position de commutation et le second moyen d'arrêt (6) se trouvant dans l'état d'arrêt dans la seconde position de commutation et, dans la troisième position de commutation, les deux moyens d'arrêt (5, 6) se trouvant dans l'état de libération.
  2. Commutateur électrique selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que, au moyen d'un poussoir (4), le déplacement de l'organe d'actionnement (3) peut être transmis pour agir sur le commutateur (1), en particulier pour déclencher les fonctions du commutateur (1) dans les positions d'actionnement, en ce que le premier moyen d'arrêt (5) se trouve avantageusement à proximité de l'organe d'actionnement (3), et en ce que, encore avantageusement, le second moyen d'arrêt (6) se trouve à proximité du poussoir (4).
  3. Commutateur électrique selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que le premier moyen d'arrêt (5) est réalisé à la manière d'un arrêt de mise en circuit pour l'organe d'actionnement (3) et le second moyen d'arrêt (6) à la manière d'un arrêt de connexion pour l'organe d'actionnement (3), en ce que, avantageusement, sur le dessus de l'organe d'actionnement (3), il se trouve une coulisse (10) pour le guidage d'une partie du premier moyen d'arrêt (5), et en ce que, encore avantageusement, le poussoir (4) est agencé sur l'organe d'actionnement (3) sensiblement au centre ou à I'extérieur du centre, en regard du dessous de l'organe d'actionnement (3), en particulier une partie du second moyen d'arrêt (6) étant agencée de façon centrale sur le poussoir (4).
  4. Commutateur électrique selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3,
    caractérisé en ce que l'organe d'actionnement (3) réalisé par exemple comme détente linéairement mobile est agencé de façon déplaçable sur un boítier (2) du commutateur (1), en ce que le poussoir (4) transmet le déplacement de l'organe d'actionnement (3) dans le boítier (2), et en ce que, avantageusement, le poussoir (4) agit sur au moins une pièce électrique, se trouvant dans le boítier (2), comme un système de contact (22, 23), un potentiomètre (25) ou analogue.
  5. Commutateur électrique selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que, dans le boítier (2), il se trouve deux systèmes de contact (22, 23), le cas échéant un potentiomètre (25), ainsi que, le cas échéant, une électronique pour le réglage de la vitesse de rotation, en particulier pour le réglage de la vitesse de rotation du moteur électrique, en ce que, dans la position initiale de l'organe d'actionnement (3), il ne se produit aucune action du poussoir (4) sur les deux systèmes de contact (22, 23), en ce que, dans la première position d'actionnement, une action de commutation du poussoir (4) sur le premier système de contact (22), en particulier pour la mise en circuit de la tension pour l'électronique, ainsi que, le cas échéant, une action sur le potentiomètre (25) pour régler une vitesse de rotation du moteur électrique variable, réglée de façon préférée, de façon correspondant à la position de déplacement de l'organe d'actionnement (3), ont lieu, et en ce que, dans la seconde position d'actionnement, une action de commutation du poussoir (4) sur le second système de contact (23), en particulier pour ponter l'électronique pour la vitesse de rotation maximale, ainsi que le cas échéant non réglée, du moteur électrique est effectuée.
  6. Commutateur électrique selon une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'actionnement (7) est uniquement commutable dans la position initiale de l'organe d'actionnement (3), en ce que, avantageusement, le premier moyen d'arrêt (5) est constitué d'une pièce (8) réalisée en particulier en une pièce avec l'élément d'actionnement (7), étant en liaison active avec l'élément d'actionnement (7), et d'une butée (9) correspondante, agencée sur l'organe d'actionnement (3), de sorte que la pièce (8), dans la position initiale, dans l'état d'arrêt, vient en appui contre la butée (9) et, dans l'état de libération, peut être déplacée latéralement contre la butée (9), en particulier dans la coulisse (10) dans l'organe d'actionnement (3), et en ce que, encore avantageusement, le second moyen d'arrêt (6) est réalisé comme limitation de course pour l'organe d'actionnement (3), de sorte que la course de l'organe d'actionnement (3), dans l'état d'arrêt, est limitée à la première position d'actionnement et, dans l'état de libération, est libérée pour le déplacement ultérieur dans la seconde position d'actionnement.
  7. Commutateur électrique selon une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que la limitation de course est constituée d'un élément de came (11) agencé de façon déplaçable sur le boítier (2) ayant au moins une came (12), en particulier d'une bague à cames entourant de façon centrée le poussoir (4), et d'au moins une butée (13) correspondante agencée sur l'organe d'actionnement (3), de sorte que la butée (13), dans la première position d'actionnement, dans l'état d'arrêt, vient en appui contre la came (12) et, dans l'état de libération, est déplaçable latéralement contre la came (12), l'élément de came (11) étant avantageusement déplaçable entre l'état d'arrêt et l'état de libération au moyen d'une broche (14) agencée sur l'élément d'actionnement (7), qui s'engage en particulier dans une fourche (15) agencée sur l'élément de came (11).
  8. Commutateur électrique selon une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'actionnement (7) est réalisé comme coulisseau (17), levier pivotant, roue de réglage (27) ou analogue à trois positions d'encliquetage, un ressort d'encliquetage (28) coopérant avantageusement avec une pièce (18) sur l'élément d'actionnement (7) pour la détermination des positions d'encliquetage, en ce que, encore avantageusement, la première position de commutation pour l'élément d'actionnement (7) est formée par la position d'encliquetage médiane et les deuxième et troisième positions de commutation, à chaque fois, par une des deux positions d'encliquetage latérales, et en ce que, encore plus avantageusement, sur l'élément d'actionnement (7), il est agencé un symbole fonctionnel (29) visible dans la position de commutation respective, caractérisant cette position de commutation.
  9. Commutateur électrique selon une des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'actionnement (7) est monté de façon mobile dans une partie de support (16) reliée au boítier (2).
EP99944139A 1998-04-04 1999-03-31 Interrupteur electrique Expired - Lifetime EP1070331B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19815176 1998-04-04
DE19815176 1998-04-04
PCT/DE1999/000978 WO1999052118A1 (fr) 1998-04-04 1999-03-31 Interrupteur electrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1070331A1 EP1070331A1 (fr) 2001-01-24
EP1070331B1 true EP1070331B1 (fr) 2002-05-22

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EP99944139A Expired - Lifetime EP1070331B1 (fr) 1998-04-04 1999-03-31 Interrupteur electrique

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Country Link
US (1) US6555773B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1070331B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19913712A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999052118A1 (fr)

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EP2946886B1 (fr) * 2014-03-28 2017-02-22 Black & Decker Inc. Module de commutation et de commande électronique pour un outil électrique
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WO1999052118A1 (fr) 1999-10-14
EP1070331A1 (fr) 2001-01-24
US6555773B1 (en) 2003-04-29
DE19913712A1 (de) 1999-10-07
DE59901506D1 (de) 2002-06-27

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