EP1072013A1 - Chip card with an electronic blocking function - Google Patents
Chip card with an electronic blocking functionInfo
- Publication number
- EP1072013A1 EP1072013A1 EP99920667A EP99920667A EP1072013A1 EP 1072013 A1 EP1072013 A1 EP 1072013A1 EP 99920667 A EP99920667 A EP 99920667A EP 99920667 A EP99920667 A EP 99920667A EP 1072013 A1 EP1072013 A1 EP 1072013A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- function
- chip
- chip card
- energy
- data
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
- G06K19/07766—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card comprising at least a second communication arrangement in addition to a first non-contact communication arrangement
- G06K19/07769—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card comprising at least a second communication arrangement in addition to a first non-contact communication arrangement the further communication means being a galvanic interface, e.g. hybrid or mixed smart cards having a contact and a non-contact interface
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W42/00—Arrangements for protection of devices
- H10W42/40—Arrangements for protection of devices protecting against tampering, e.g. unauthorised inspection or reverse engineering
- H10W42/405—Arrangements for protection of devices protecting against tampering, e.g. unauthorised inspection or reverse engineering using active circuits
Definitions
- Chip card with electronic blocking function Chip card with electronic blocking function.
- the invention relates to a chip card with a semiconductor chip, in which for the energy supply of the chip and for bidirectional data transmission by means of a terminal from and to the chip, first transmission means, such as contacts, and / or second transmission means, such as contactless coils and / or capacitors, and / or others Energy and data transmission means are provided, wherein a controllable functional element is provided on the chip, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- chip cards When using chip cards for bidirectional data transmission, it is in many cases necessary to keep only one transmission path for data and / or energy in an active function and to separate the other transmission paths from their connection to the outside world.
- a chip card that is active via a contact connection is intended to ensure that the contact-free connections to the outside world are interrupted.
- a chip card has become known from DE 39 35 364 and US Pat. No. 5,206,495, which is able to automatically determine its functioning either via contacts or coils.
- the chip card contains a chip (part 2) in which the usual parts of a microcomputer, such as arithmetic unit and memory, are accommodated.
- a contact field with contacts according to ISO standard 7816 is connected to the chip.
- coils are connected to the chip, which serve for the transmission of energy and bidirectional data flow. Electronics are present in the chip, which enables the automatic switchover from coil function to contact function and vice versa, so that the chip card is able to exchange energy and data contactlessly or in contact with read / write terminals.
- the chip part 2 consists of two essential functional elements, namely a part 2.1, which switches over between the contact field and coils in accordance with the read / write terminal, and a part 2.2, in which the other chip functions, such as arithmetic unit and memory response unit, are located.
- the processes that are important for the user of such a chip card such as withdrawing money, storing identifications, - 2 -
- EP 534 559 AI has proposed a chip card in accordance with ISO standard 7816 and provisional ISO standard 10536, which can exchange energy and data in a contact-free or contact-related manner with read / write terminals. In two different modes, the data can either be read out over a long distance using low energy, only a portion of the integrated circuit being activated (energy-saving mode), or an energy and data exchange takes place in accordance with the normal standardized mode using the contacts.
- DE 43 10 334, PCT / IB 96/00518, DE 195 31 372 and DE 195 31 275 have become known as further relevant publications.
- a chip card with a microcomputer unit which is connected to electrically conductive contact surfaces for contact-based data transfer and which has a data memory, which is connected to an antenna for contactless data transfer.
- a control unit as a function of a control level establishes a connection between antenna and memory or antenna and microcomputer unit.
- the invention has for its object the electrical separation of connections of the chip card to the outside world depending on a function or. To operate the card safely.
- the chip card according to the invention of the aforementioned type consists in that
- the functional element controls one of two switching elements (S1 or S2) as a function of a first or second function or a first or second working mode of the semiconductor chip,
- the first function or working mode of the semiconductor chip is characterized by an energy and / or data exchange via the first transmission means
- the first function is active by interrupting part or all of the electrical connection of the data and / or energy exchange in order to maintain the second function of the card via the further transmission means with the exception of the active function and vice versa.
- the invention is a chip card with a chip in which various controllable components, such as microprocessors and memories, are contained.
- a wide variety of means can be used for power supply and bidirectional data transmission from and to the chip. Contacts and means for contactless data transmission in the form of coils or capacitors are possible and known. Other energy and data transmissions and / or means can also be provided, such as are present as electronic, miniaturized elements for recording sound or pressure or for capacitive recording of electrical signals in fingerprint sensors.
- a controllable functional element is provided on the chip, which recognizes the respective functional state or mode, whether the chip card is to operate in contact or in a contactless manner.
- This functional element can be a comparison element, for example a comparator or operational amplifier, according to part 2.1.2 of DE-C-39 35 364. - 4 -
- the functional element controls one of the switching elements S1 or S2 depending on this first or second function or working modes of the chip.
- the elements S1, S2 are electronic parts or circuits which are suitable for separating electrical line connections if they have a voltage applied to their control input.
- the first function / mode of the semiconductor chip is characterized by an energy exchange and / or data exchange with the outside world of the card (with parts that are not contained in the chip, such as terminals) via the first means.
- the first means are those that mark the active state of the card. In the case of a card, this can be the connection via the contacts or via the coils.
- the second function / mode is characterized by an energy and / or data exchange via other means. If the first function is active, parts or the entire electrical connection of the data and / or energy exchange should be interrupted in order to maintain the further function of the card with the exception of the active function.
- the active function is intended to separate the other possible functions from a data exchange.
- the mode of operation will be described using the example of a chip card that contains both contacts and coils for energy and / or data exchange with the environment, such as with a terminal. If data comes in via the contacts, they are prepared for further use in one part, such as an input port, for transport over lines. The data arriving from the coils is processed by another part, such as the input port, for transport via further lines.
- the functional element now recognizes the activation of the chip card via the contacts or the coils, e.g. by the origin of the tension, e.g. According to DE-C-39 35 364, one of the switching elements, S1 and S2, can be activated and the connection to the outside world of the card can be separated. In this way, e.g. the modulated signals that arrive via the coils are separated from the input port, part 2.1.4, before they are demodulated for the purpose of data acquisition.
- Certain functions may be activated within the same short period of time. In each case, the function should dominantly block the others via the switching elements S1, S2, which occurs first within the time span. - 5 -
- the function should predominantly operate the switching elements S1 or S2 via contacts. This is intended to establish a clear priority between the different, possible, active states.
- the contacts represent the strongest energy supply (power supply).
- the reference potential (VCC of the contacts) is also stable against e.g. contact-free reference potential, since it is connected to the potential in a terminal. If line connections or signal outputs or data lines from and / or to the other functional parts are connected to the basic voltage potential of the contact input, it is ensured that no other signal, namely no other data, signals, logic levels or energies, remain stable, they will become the reference potential - adjust tial. An electrical dominance of the contact function is determined in this way.
- FIG. 1 shows a possible circuit diagram for realizing the invention and FIG. 2 shows another circuit diagram for realizing the invention.
- a chip card according to Figure 1 contains a contact field with contacts 3 one
- the chip (s) present in the chip card can be connected to the contacts 3 as well as to the coils 4, 5 and or to capacitors and / or other transmission elements of a contactless connection.
- a functional element 2.1.6 contacts 3 or coils 4, 5 and / or capacitors and / or other transmission elements of a contactless connection with the read / write terminal exchanged energy and data.
- FIG. 2 An electrical power supply for further chip parts or a further chip or several chips in a part 2.2 (FIG. 2) is available, in which the other chip functions such as arithmetic unit and memory units are located; the chip card thus fulfills its intended function, e.g. in contact or contactless mode of operation.
- part 2.1.5 for transport via lines II ... 16.
- the data and / or energy arriving from the coils 4, 5 are processed by part 2.1.4 for transport via lines K1 ... K5.
- Parts 2.1.4 and 2.1.5 for example, represent input ports or input latches or input gates for suppressing voltage peaks or for signal processing.
- FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram similar to Figure 1.
- an electrical or electronic switching element S1 is located in a contact connection II ... 16 ... of contacts 3 to a circuit 2.1.3, which according to DE-C-39 35 364 can be a changeover switch or a multiplexer .
- a contact connection K1 ... K5 ... of coils 4, 5 and / or capacitors and or other transmission elements to the circuit 2.1.3 there is a switching element. - 7 - ment S2, wherein both switching elements S1, S2, which are symbolically represented as switches, interrupt the corresponding contact connection when they are activated by the circuit 2.1.6. If the functional element 2.1.6 receives notification of the activation of the contact-based contact connection II ... 16 ...
- the functional element 2.1.6 activates the switching element S2 and the contact connection K1 ... K5 ... interrupted by coils 4, 5 and / or capacitors and / or other transmission elements to the circuit 2.1.3. Then no manipulations can be carried out simultaneously via the coils 4, 5 while the contacts are activated.
- the functional element 2.1.6 receives notification of the activation of the contactless contact connection Kl ... K5 ... via El, the functional element 2.1.6 activates the switching element S1 and the contact connection II ... 16 ... interrupted, so that no manipulations can be carried out via the contacts 3 via the contacts 3 simultaneously, that is to say while the coils 4, 5 are activated.
- the invention can be used industrially to increase the security of chip cards against manipulation, which are able to work both with contact and without contact.
- the usefulness of the invention consists in particular in that, in this way, an active function or an active working mode of the chip card deactivates other functions of the chip card by interrupting electrical connections.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Chipkarte mit elektronischer Sperrfunktion. Chip card with electronic blocking function.
Technisches Gebiet:Technical field:
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Chipkarte mit einem Halbleiterchip, bei der zur Energieversorgung des Chips und zur bidirektionalen Datenübertragung mittels eines Terminals von und zum Chip erste Übertragungsmittel, wie Kontakte, und/oder zweite Übertragungsmittel, wie kontaktfreie Spulen und/oder Kondensatoren, und/oder sonstige Energie- und Datenübertragungsmittel, vorgesehen sind, wobei auf dem Chip ein ansteuerbares Funktionselement vorgesehen ist, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a chip card with a semiconductor chip, in which for the energy supply of the chip and for bidirectional data transmission by means of a terminal from and to the chip, first transmission means, such as contacts, and / or second transmission means, such as contactless coils and / or capacitors, and / or others Energy and data transmission means are provided, wherein a controllable functional element is provided on the chip, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Stand der Technik und Problemstellung:State of the art and problem:
Beim Einsatz von Chipkarten zur bidirektionalen Datenübertragung ist es in vielen Fällen erforderlich, jeweils nur einen Übertragungsweg für Daten und/oder Energie in einer aktiven Funktion zu halten und die anderen Übertragungswege von ihrer Verbindung zur Außenwelt zu trennen. Beispielsweise soll eine Chipkarte, die per Kontaktverbindung aktiv ist, gewährleisten, dass die kontaktfreien Verbindungen zur Außenwelt unterbrochen sind.When using chip cards for bidirectional data transmission, it is in many cases necessary to keep only one transmission path for data and / or energy in an active function and to separate the other transmission paths from their connection to the outside world. For example, a chip card that is active via a contact connection is intended to ensure that the contact-free connections to the outside world are interrupted.
Durch die DE 39 35 364 sowie die US 5,206,495 ist eine Chipkarte bekannt geworden, die selbsttätig ihre Funktionsweise entweder über Kontakte oder Spulen zu bestimmen imstande ist. Dazu enthält die Chipkarte einen Chip (Teil 2), in dem die üblichen Teile eines Mikrorechners, wie Rechenwerk und Speicher, untergebracht sind. An den Chip ist einerseits ein Kontaktfeld mit Kontakten gemäß ISO-Norm 7816 angeschlossen. Andererseits sind an den Chip Spulen angeschlossen, welche zur Übertragung von Energie und bidirektionalem Datenfluß dienen. Im Chip ist eine Elektronik vorhanden, die das selbstätige Umschalten von Spulenfunktion auf Kontaktfunktion und umgekehrt ermöglicht, so dass die Chipkarte kontaktfrei oder kontaktbehaftet mit Schreib/Lese- Terminals Energie und Daten auszutauschen imstande ist. Der Chipteil 2 besteht aus zwei wesentlichen Funktionselementen, nämlich einem Teil 2.1, welcher entsprechend dem Schreib/Lese-Terminal die Umschaltung zwischen Kontaktfeld und Spulen vornimmt und einem Teil 2.2, in welchem sich die übrigen Chipfunktionen, wie Rechenwerk und Speicheransprecheinheit befinden. In die- sem Teil laufen jene Vorgänge ab, die für den Benutzer einer solchen Chipkarte von Bedeutung sind, wie Abbuchen von Geldbeträgen, Speichern von Identifi- - 2 -A chip card has become known from DE 39 35 364 and US Pat. No. 5,206,495, which is able to automatically determine its functioning either via contacts or coils. For this purpose, the chip card contains a chip (part 2) in which the usual parts of a microcomputer, such as arithmetic unit and memory, are accommodated. On the one hand, a contact field with contacts according to ISO standard 7816 is connected to the chip. On the other hand, coils are connected to the chip, which serve for the transmission of energy and bidirectional data flow. Electronics are present in the chip, which enables the automatic switchover from coil function to contact function and vice versa, so that the chip card is able to exchange energy and data contactlessly or in contact with read / write terminals. The chip part 2 consists of two essential functional elements, namely a part 2.1, which switches over between the contact field and coils in accordance with the read / write terminal, and a part 2.2, in which the other chip functions, such as arithmetic unit and memory response unit, are located. In this part, the processes that are important for the user of such a chip card, such as withdrawing money, storing identifications, - 2 -
zierungsnummern usw. Diese beiden Teile 2.1 und 2.2 sind mittels Leitungen AI, A2, A3, ... An miteinander verbunden, die im Chip dem Teil 2.2 als Ein- und Ausgangsleitungen zum Verarbeiten der Informationen im Rechenwerk des Teils 2.2 dienen.ornamental numbers, etc. These two parts 2.1 and 2.2 are connected to one another by means of lines AI, A2, A3, ..., which in part 2.2 of the chip serve as input and output lines for processing the information in the arithmetic unit of part 2.2.
Durch die EP 534 559 AI ist eine Chipkarte gemäß ISO-Standard 7816 und vorläufiger ISO-Standard 10536 vorgeschlagen worden, die kontaktfrei oder kontaktbehaftet mit Schreib/Lese-Terminals Energie und Daten austauschen kann. Die Daten können nach zwei unterschiedlichen Modi entweder über eine weite Entfernung mittels geringer Energie ausgelesen werden, wobei nur ein Teil des integrierten Schaltkreises aktiviert wird (Energiesparmodus), oder es findet ein Energie- und Datenaustausch gemäß dem normalen standardisierten Modus mittels der Kontakte statt. Als weitere einschlägige Veröffentlichungen sind die DE 43 10 334, PCT/IB 96/00518, DE 195 31 372 sowie DE 195 31 275 bekannt geworden.EP 534 559 AI has proposed a chip card in accordance with ISO standard 7816 and provisional ISO standard 10536, which can exchange energy and data in a contact-free or contact-related manner with read / write terminals. In two different modes, the data can either be read out over a long distance using low energy, only a portion of the integrated circuit being activated (energy-saving mode), or an energy and data exchange takes place in accordance with the normal standardized mode using the contacts. DE 43 10 334, PCT / IB 96/00518, DE 195 31 372 and DE 195 31 275 have become known as further relevant publications.
Eine Analyse der Möglichkeiten der Trennung von Chipteilen und eine Lösung der Problematik ist der DE 197 52 695 "Elektronisches Schaltelement zur Sperrung von elektronischen Teilen in einer Chipkarte" zu entnehmen.An analysis of the possibilities of separating chip parts and a solution to the problem can be found in DE 197 52 695 "Electronic switching element for blocking electronic parts in a chip card".
Durch die DE-C-44 03 753 ist eine kombinierte Chipkarte, die sowohl kontaktfrei als auch kontaktbehaftet arbeitet, bekannt geworden, dessen IC in einen Kontaktblock eingebettet ist, der einen zusätzlichen Schutz darstellt und als sensitives Schaltelement für elektronische Zwecke genutzt werden kann. Insbe- sondere kann durch die Funktion als Schaltelement die Elektronik von einem Kartennutzer für Zwecke der Fernübertragung ein- oder ausgeschaltet werden. Außerdem kann der Kontaktblock ausgetauscht werden.From DE-C-44 03 753 a combined chip card, which works both contactlessly and with contact, has become known, the IC of which is embedded in a contact block, which represents additional protection and can be used as a sensitive switching element for electronic purposes. In particular, the function as a switching element means that the electronics can be switched on or off by a card user for the purposes of remote transmission. The contact block can also be replaced.
Durch die DE-A-197 23 272 ist eine Chipkarte mit einer Mikrorechnereinheit bekannt geworden, die mit elektrisch leitenden Kontaktflächen verbunden ist zum kontaktbehafteten Datentransfer und die einen Datenspeicher aufweist, der zum kontaktlosen Datentransfer mit einer Antenne verbunden ist. Eine Steuereinheit in Abhängigkeit von einem Steuerpegel stellt eine Verbindung zwischen Antenne und Speicher oder Antenne und Mikrorechnereinheit her. - 3 -From DE-A-197 23 272 a chip card with a microcomputer unit is known, which is connected to electrically conductive contact surfaces for contact-based data transfer and which has a data memory, which is connected to an antenna for contactless data transfer. A control unit as a function of a control level establishes a connection between antenna and memory or antenna and microcomputer unit. - 3 -
Technische Aufgabe:Technical task:
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die elektrische Trennung von Verbindungen der Chipkarte zur Außenwelt in Abhängigkeit von einer Funktionsbzw. Arbeitsweise der Karte sicher durchzuführen.The invention has for its object the electrical separation of connections of the chip card to the outside world depending on a function or. To operate the card safely.
Offenbarung der Erfindung und deren Vorteile:.Disclosure of the invention and its advantages:
Die erfindungsgemäße Chipkarte der vorgenannten Gattung besteht darin, dassThe chip card according to the invention of the aforementioned type consists in that
1. das Funktionselement in Abhängigkeit von einer ersten oder zweiten Funktion bzw. einem ersten oder zweiten Arbeitsmodus des Halbleiterchips eines von zwei Schaltelementen (Sl oder S2) ansteuert,1. the functional element controls one of two switching elements (S1 or S2) as a function of a first or second function or a first or second working mode of the semiconductor chip,
2. wobei die erste Funktion bzw. Arbeitsmodus des Halbleiterchips durch einen Energie- und/oder Datenaustausch über das/die ersten Übertragungsmittel gekennzeichnet ist,2. wherein the first function or working mode of the semiconductor chip is characterized by an energy and / or data exchange via the first transmission means,
3. wobei die zweite Funktion bzw. Arbeitsmodus durch einen Energie- und/oder Datenaustausch über das/die zweite/n Übertragungsmittel gekennzeichnet ist,3. wherein the second function or working mode is characterized by an energy and / or data exchange via the second transmission means,
4. wobei die erste Funktion aktiv ist, indem sie Teile oder die gesamte elektrische Verbindung des Daten- und/oder Energieaustausches zur Aufrechterhaltung der zweiten Funktion der Karte über die weiteren Übertragungsmittel mit Ausnahme der aktiven Funktion unterbricht und umgekehrt.4. wherein the first function is active by interrupting part or all of the electrical connection of the data and / or energy exchange in order to maintain the second function of the card via the further transmission means with the exception of the active function and vice versa.
Erfindungsgemäß handelt es sich um eine Chipkarte mit einem Chip, in dem unterschiedliche ansteuerbare Bauelemente, wie Mikroprozessoren und Speicher, enthaltenden sind. Zur Energieversorgung und bidirektionalen Datenübertragung von und zum Chip können unterschiedlichste Mittel dienen. Es sind Kontakte als auch Mittel zur kontaktlosen Datenübertragung in der Form von Spulen oder Kondensatoren möglich und bekannt. Es können auch sonstige Energie und Datenübertragungen und/oder Mittel vorgesehen sein, wie sie als elektronische, miniaturisierte Elemente zur Aufnahme von Schall oder Druck oder zur kapazitiven Aufnahme elektrischer Signale bei Fingerprintsensoren vorhanden sind. Auf dem Chip ist ein ansteuerbares Funktionselement vorgesehen, das den jeweiligen funktionalen Zustand bzw. Modus erkennt, ob die Chipkarte kontaktbehaftet oder kontaktlos arbeiten soll. Dieses Funktionselement kann ein Vergleichsglied, zum Beispiel Komparator oder Operationsverstärker, gemäß dem Teil 2.1.2 der DE-C-39 35 364 sein. - 4 -According to the invention, it is a chip card with a chip in which various controllable components, such as microprocessors and memories, are contained. A wide variety of means can be used for power supply and bidirectional data transmission from and to the chip. Contacts and means for contactless data transmission in the form of coils or capacitors are possible and known. Other energy and data transmissions and / or means can also be provided, such as are present as electronic, miniaturized elements for recording sound or pressure or for capacitive recording of electrical signals in fingerprint sensors. A controllable functional element is provided on the chip, which recognizes the respective functional state or mode, whether the chip card is to operate in contact or in a contactless manner. This functional element can be a comparison element, for example a comparator or operational amplifier, according to part 2.1.2 of DE-C-39 35 364. - 4 -
Das Funktionselement steuert in Abhängigkeit von dieser ersten oder zweiten Funktion bzw. Arbeitsmodi des Chips eines der Schaltelemente Sl oder S2 an. Bei den Elementen Sl, S2 handelt es sich um elektronische Teile oder Schaltkreise, die geeignet sind, elektrische Leitungsverbindungen zu trennen, sofern sie eine Spannung an ihrem Steuereingang anliegen haben. Die erste Funktion/ Modus des Halbleiterchips ist durch einen Energieaustausch und/oder Datenaustausch mit der Außenwelt der Karte (mit Teilen, die nicht im Chip enthalten sind, wie z.B. Terminals) über das/die ersten Mittel gekennzeichnet. Die ersten Mittel sind diejenigen, die den aktiven Zustand der Karte markieren. Bei einer Karte kann das die Verbindung über die Kontakte oder über die Spulen sein. Die zweite Funktion/Modus ist durch einen Energie- und/oder Datenaustausch über weitere Mittel gekennzeichnet. Ist die erste Funktion aktiv, sollen Teile oder die gesamte elektrische Verbindung des Daten- und/oder Energieaustausches zur Aufrechterhaltung der weiteren Funktion der Karte mit Ausnahme der aktiven Funktion unterbrochen werden. Die jeweils aktive Funktion soll die möglichen anderen Funktionen von einem Datenaustausch trennen.The functional element controls one of the switching elements S1 or S2 depending on this first or second function or working modes of the chip. The elements S1, S2 are electronic parts or circuits which are suitable for separating electrical line connections if they have a voltage applied to their control input. The first function / mode of the semiconductor chip is characterized by an energy exchange and / or data exchange with the outside world of the card (with parts that are not contained in the chip, such as terminals) via the first means. The first means are those that mark the active state of the card. In the case of a card, this can be the connection via the contacts or via the coils. The second function / mode is characterized by an energy and / or data exchange via other means. If the first function is active, parts or the entire electrical connection of the data and / or energy exchange should be interrupted in order to maintain the further function of the card with the exception of the active function. The active function is intended to separate the other possible functions from a data exchange.
Die Funktionsweise soll am Beispiel einer Chipkarte beschrieben werden, die sowohl Kontakte als auch Spulen zum Energie- und/oder Datenaustausch mit der Umwelt, wie mit einem Terminal, enthält. Kommen über die Kontakte Daten ein, werden diese für die weitere Verwendung in einem Teil, wie Eingangsport, zum Transport über Leitungen aufbereitet. Die von den Spulen einkommenden Daten werden von einem weiteren Teil, wie Eingangsport, zum Transport über weitere Leitungen aufbereitet. Erkennt nun das Funktionselement die Aktivierung der Chipkarte über die Kontakte oder die Spulen, indem z.B. die Herkunft der Spannung, z.B. gemäß DE-C-39 35 364, erkannt wird, kann eines der Schaltelemente, Sl und S2, aktiviert werden und die Verbindung zur Außenwelt der Karte kann getrennt werden. Derart können z.B. die aufmodulierten Signale, die über die Spulen eingehen, vor ihrer Demodulation zwecks Da- tengewinnung von dem Eingangsport, Teil 2.1.4, getrennt werden.The mode of operation will be described using the example of a chip card that contains both contacts and coils for energy and / or data exchange with the environment, such as with a terminal. If data comes in via the contacts, they are prepared for further use in one part, such as an input port, for transport over lines. The data arriving from the coils is processed by another part, such as the input port, for transport via further lines. The functional element now recognizes the activation of the chip card via the contacts or the coils, e.g. by the origin of the tension, e.g. According to DE-C-39 35 364, one of the switching elements, S1 and S2, can be activated and the connection to the outside world of the card can be separated. In this way, e.g. the modulated signals that arrive via the coils are separated from the input port, part 2.1.4, before they are demodulated for the purpose of data acquisition.
Es kann sein, dass bestimmte Funktionen innerhalb derselben kurzen Zeitspannen aktiviert werden. Es soll jeweils die Funktion dominant die anderen über die Schaltelemente Sl, S2 sperren, die zeitlich innerhalb der Zeitspanne zuerst auftritt. - 5 -Certain functions may be activated within the same short period of time. In each case, the function should dominantly block the others via the switching elements S1, S2, which occurs first within the time span. - 5 -
In allen Fällen, in denen bereits andere Funktionen aktiv sind, soll die Funktion über Kontakte dominant die Schaltelemente Sl oder S2 bedienen. Damit soll eine eindeutige Priorität zwischen den verschiedenen, möglichen, aktiven Zuständen hergestellt werden.In all cases in which other functions are already active, the function should predominantly operate the switching elements S1 or S2 via contacts. This is intended to establish a clear priority between the different, possible, active states.
Ist eine Karte über Kontakte aktiviert oder wird sie während einer anderen Funktion über Kontakte aktiviert, stellen die Kontakte die stärkste Energieversorgung (Leistungsversorgung) dar. Auch ist das Bezugspotential (VCC der Kontakte) stabil gegenüber z.B. kontaktfreiem Bezugspotential, da es mit dem Potential in einem Terminal verbunden ist. Werden Leitungs Verbindungen oder Signalausgänge oder Datenleitungen von und/oder zu den weiteren Funktionsteilen an das Spannungsgrundpotential des Kontakteinganges gelegt, ist gewährleistet, dass kein anderes Signal, nämlich keine anderen Daten, Signale, logischen Pegel oder Energien, stabil bleiben, sie werden sich dem Bezugspoten- tial anpassen. Derart ist eine elektrische Dominanz der Kontaktfunktion bestimmt.If a card is activated via contacts or if it is activated via contacts during another function, the contacts represent the strongest energy supply (power supply). The reference potential (VCC of the contacts) is also stable against e.g. contact-free reference potential, since it is connected to the potential in a terminal. If line connections or signal outputs or data lines from and / or to the other functional parts are connected to the basic voltage potential of the contact input, it is ensured that no other signal, namely no other data, signals, logic levels or energies, remain stable, they will become the reference potential - adjust tial. An electrical dominance of the contact function is determined in this way.
Kurzbeschreibung der Zeichnung, in der zeigen:Brief description of the drawing, in which:
Figur 1 ein mögliches Schaltbild zur Verwirklichung der Erfindung und Figur 2 ein weiteres Schaltbild zur Verwirklichung der Erfindung.1 shows a possible circuit diagram for realizing the invention and FIG. 2 shows another circuit diagram for realizing the invention.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung:Preferred embodiment of the invention:
Eine Chipkarte gemäß Figur 1 enthält ein Kontaktfeld mit Kontakten 3 einerA chip card according to Figure 1 contains a contact field with contacts 3 one
Kontaktverbindung und Spulen 4, 5 oder Kondensatoren oder andere Übertra- gungselemente einer kontaktfreien Verbindung für den kontaktbehafteten oder kontaktfreien Austausch von Daten und/oder Energie einer Chipkarte 1 mit einem (nicht gezeigten) Schreib/Lese-Terminal. Der/die in der Chipkarte vorhandene^) Chip (s) können sowohl an die Kontakte 3, wie auch an die Spulen 4, 5 und oder an Kondensatoren und/oder andere Übertragungselemente einer kon- taktfreien Verbindung angeschlossen werden. Je nach Umfeld der Chipkarte, d. h. je nach dem Schreib/Lese-Terminal, in welchem sich die Chipkarte befindet, werden aufgrund des von einem Funktionselement 2.1.6 festgestellten Arbeits- modus über Kontakte 3 oder Spulen 4, 5 und oder Kondensatoren und/oder andere Übertragungselemente einer kontaktfreien Verbindung mit dem Schreib/Lese-Terminal Energie und Daten ausgetauscht. Das Funktionselement - 6 -Contact connection and coils 4, 5 or capacitors or other transmission elements of a contact-free connection for the contact-based or contact-free exchange of data and / or energy of a chip card 1 with a (not shown) read / write terminal. The chip (s) present in the chip card can be connected to the contacts 3 as well as to the coils 4, 5 and or to capacitors and / or other transmission elements of a contactless connection. Depending on the environment of the chip card, ie depending on the read / write terminal in which the chip card is located, due to the working mode determined by a functional element 2.1.6, contacts 3 or coils 4, 5 and / or capacitors and / or other transmission elements of a contactless connection with the read / write terminal exchanged energy and data. The functional element - 6 -
2.1.6 entspricht dem Teil 2.1.2 in der DE-C-39 35 364 und wirkt mit seinem Ausgang auf eine Schaltung 2.1.3 (Figur 2) ein, die ein Umschalter oder Multi- plexer sein kann. Die Ausgänge AI ... An der Schaltung 2.1.3 stellen eine elektrische Energieversorgung für weitere Chipteile oder einen weiteren Chip oder mehrere Chips in einem Teil 2.2 (Figur 2) zur Verfügung, in welchem sich die übrigen Chipfunktionen wie Rechenwerk und Speichereinheiten befinden; die Chipkarte erfüllt derart ihre vorgesehene Funktion, z.B. in kontaktbehafteter oder kontaktloser Arbeitsweise.2.1.6 corresponds to part 2.1.2 in DE-C-39 35 364 and acts with its output on a circuit 2.1.3 (FIG. 2), which can be a changeover switch or multiplexer. The outputs AI ... At the circuit 2.1.3, an electrical power supply for further chip parts or a further chip or several chips in a part 2.2 (FIG. 2) is available, in which the other chip functions such as arithmetic unit and memory units are located; the chip card thus fulfills its intended function, e.g. in contact or contactless mode of operation.
Kommen über die Kontakte 3 Daten ein, werden diese für die weitere Verwendung in einem Teil 2.1.5 zum Transport über Leitungen II... 16 aufbereitet. Die von den Spulen 4, 5 einkommenden Daten und/oder Energie werden von einem Teil 2.1.4 zum Transport über Leitungen Kl... K5 aufbereitet. Die Teile 2.1.4 sowie 2.1.5 stellen beispielsweise Eingangsports bzw. Eingangslatches oder Eingangsgatter dar zum Unterdrücken von Spannungsspitzen bzw. zur Signalaufbereitung.If data comes in via the contacts 3, these are prepared for further use in part 2.1.5 for transport via lines II ... 16. The data and / or energy arriving from the coils 4, 5 are processed by part 2.1.4 for transport via lines K1 ... K5. Parts 2.1.4 and 2.1.5, for example, represent input ports or input latches or input gates for suppressing voltage peaks or for signal processing.
In der Kontaktverbindung der Leitungen II... 16 der Kontakte 3 liegt ein Schaltelement Sl zu Unterbrechung der Kontaktverbindung bzw. der Leitungen II... 16; ebenso wie in der kontaktfreien Verbindung der Leitungen Kl... K5 der Spulen 4, 5 und/oder der Kondensatoren und/oder anderer Übertragungselemente ein Schaltelement S2 zur Unterbrechung der kontaktfreien Verbindung bzw. der Leitungen Kl... K5 liegt. Erkennt das Funktionselement Teil 2.1.6 die Aktivierung der Chipkarte entweder über die Kontakte 3 oder über die Spulen 4, 5, indem z.B. die Herkunft der Spannung, z.B. gemäß DE-C-39 35 364, erkannt wird, kann entweder das Schaltelement Sl oder das Schaltelement S2 aktiviert und die diesem Schaltelement nachfolgende Verbindung zur Außenwelt der Chipkarte kann getrennt werden.In the contact connection of lines II ... 16 of contacts 3 there is a switching element S1 to interrupt the contact connection or lines II ... 16; just as in the non-contact connection of the lines Kl ... K5 of the coils 4, 5 and / or the capacitors and / or other transmission elements there is a switching element S2 for interrupting the non-contact connection or the lines Kl ... K5. If the functional element Part 2.1.6 recognizes the activation of the chip card either via the contacts 3 or via the coils 4, 5, e.g. the origin of the tension, e.g. According to DE-C-39 35 364, either the switching element S1 or the switching element S2 can be activated and the connection following this switching element to the outside world of the chip card can be separated.
Figur 2 zeigt ein der Figur 1 ähnliches Schaltbild. In allgemeiner Weise liegt in einer Kontaktverbindung II ...16 ... von Kontakten 3 zu einem Schaltkreis 2.1.3, welcher gemäß der DE-C-39 35 364 ein Umschalter oder ein Multiplexer sein kann, ein elektrisches bzw. elektronisches Schaltelement Sl. Ebenso liegt in einer Kontaktverbindung K1...K5 ... von Spulen 4, 5 und/oder Kondensatoren und oder anderen Übertragungselementen zum Schaltkreis 2.1.3 ein Schaltele- - 7 - ment S2, wobei beide Schaltelemente Sl, S2, die symbolisch als Schalter dargestellt sind, bei ihrer jeweiligen Ansteuerung durch den Schaltkreis 2.1.6 die entsprechende Kontaktverbindung unterbrechen. Wenn das Funktionselement 2.1.6 über eine Verbindung bzw. Kopplung E2 die Aktivierung der kontaktbe- hafteten Kontaktverbindung II ...16 ... mitgeteilt erhält, so wird durch das Funktionselement 2.1.6 das Schaltelement S2 aktiviert und die Kontaktverbindung K1...K5 ... von Spulen 4, 5 und/oder Kondensatoren und/ oder anderen Übertragungselementen zum Schaltkreis 2.1.3 unterbrochen. Dann können gleichzeitig über die Spulen 4, 5 keine Manipulationen ausgeübt werden, wäh- rend die Kontakte aktiviert sind.Figure 2 shows a circuit diagram similar to Figure 1. In a general manner, an electrical or electronic switching element S1 is located in a contact connection II ... 16 ... of contacts 3 to a circuit 2.1.3, which according to DE-C-39 35 364 can be a changeover switch or a multiplexer . Likewise, in a contact connection K1 ... K5 ... of coils 4, 5 and / or capacitors and or other transmission elements to the circuit 2.1.3 there is a switching element. - 7 - ment S2, wherein both switching elements S1, S2, which are symbolically represented as switches, interrupt the corresponding contact connection when they are activated by the circuit 2.1.6. If the functional element 2.1.6 receives notification of the activation of the contact-based contact connection II ... 16 ... via a connection or coupling E2, the functional element 2.1.6 activates the switching element S2 and the contact connection K1 ... K5 ... interrupted by coils 4, 5 and / or capacitors and / or other transmission elements to the circuit 2.1.3. Then no manipulations can be carried out simultaneously via the coils 4, 5 while the contacts are activated.
Wenn umgekehrt das Funktionselement 2.1.6 über El die Aktivierung der kontaktlosen Kontaktverbindung Kl ...K5 ... mitgeteilt erhält, so wird durch das Funktionselement 2.1.6 das Schaltelement Sl aktiviert und die Kontaktverbin- düng II...16 ... unterbrochen, so dass über die Kontakte 3 gleichzeitig, also während die Spulen 4, 5 aktiviert sind, keine Manipulationen über die Kontakte 3 ausgeführt werden können.Conversely, if the functional element 2.1.6 receives notification of the activation of the contactless contact connection Kl ... K5 ... via El, the functional element 2.1.6 activates the switching element S1 and the contact connection II ... 16 ... interrupted, so that no manipulations can be carried out via the contacts 3 via the contacts 3 simultaneously, that is to say while the coils 4, 5 are activated.
Gewerbliche Anwendbarkeit: Die Erfindung ist gewerblich zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit von Chipkarten gegen Manipulationen anwendbar, welche sowohl kontaktbehaftet als auch kontaktfrei zu arbeiten imstande sind. Die Nützlichkeit der Erfindung besteht insbesondere darin, dass auf diese Weise durch eine aktive Funktion bzw. durch einen aktiven Arbeitsmodus der Chipkarte weitere Funktionen der Chipkarte hingegen deaktiviert werden, indem elektrische Verbindungen unterbrochen werden. Industrial applicability: The invention can be used industrially to increase the security of chip cards against manipulation, which are able to work both with contact and without contact. The usefulness of the invention consists in particular in that, in this way, an active function or an active working mode of the chip card deactivates other functions of the chip card by interrupting electrical connections.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19816417 | 1998-04-14 | ||
| DE19816417A DE19816417A1 (en) | 1998-04-14 | 1998-04-14 | Chip card with electronic blocking function |
| PCT/EP1999/002516 WO1999053426A1 (en) | 1998-04-14 | 1999-04-14 | Chip card with an electronic blocking function |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1072013A1 true EP1072013A1 (en) | 2001-01-31 |
Family
ID=7864433
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99920667A Withdrawn EP1072013A1 (en) | 1998-04-14 | 1999-04-14 | Chip card with an electronic blocking function |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6565007B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1072013A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19816417A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999053426A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6899277B2 (en) | 2001-05-17 | 2005-05-31 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | IC card and electronic devices |
| JP2003132313A (en) * | 2001-10-24 | 2003-05-09 | Toshiba Corp | LSI for combination card, combination card and method of using combination card |
| DE10223176B3 (en) * | 2002-05-24 | 2004-01-22 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Integrated circuit with safety-critical circuit components |
| US7472834B2 (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2009-01-06 | Stmicroelectronics S.A. | Dual-mode smart card |
| US7612494B2 (en) * | 2004-08-18 | 2009-11-03 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image display apparatus having accelerating electrode with uneven thickness |
| DE102004053475B4 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2009-03-19 | Hilberg, Wolfgang, Prof. Dr.-Ing. | Digital universal chip card |
| DE102006021086A1 (en) * | 2006-05-05 | 2007-11-08 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Portable data carrier and system of terminal and portable data carrier |
| US20080265017A1 (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2008-10-30 | West Sammie J | Credit card and security system |
| JP5347813B2 (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2013-11-20 | ソニー株式会社 | Communication apparatus and communication method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19723272A1 (en) * | 1996-06-04 | 1997-12-11 | Orga Kartensysteme Gmbh | Electronic chip card with microcomputer |
| WO1999016016A1 (en) * | 1997-09-23 | 1999-04-01 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Dual-mode data carrier and circuit for such a data carrier with potential cut-off for at least one contact terminal |
| EP0945828A2 (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 1999-09-29 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Portable electronic device with contacting and noncontacting interfaces |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2567219B2 (en) * | 1985-07-03 | 1996-12-25 | 日本エルエスアイカード 株式会社 | Non-contact method for writing / reading between memory substrate and read / write device |
| JPH01157896A (en) * | 1987-09-28 | 1989-06-21 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Noncontact type ic card and noncontact type card reader writer |
| US4894522A (en) * | 1987-11-19 | 1990-01-16 | Spectra-Physics, Inc. | Interface apparatus |
| DE3935364C1 (en) | 1989-10-24 | 1990-08-23 | Angewandte Digital Elektronik Gmbh, 2051 Brunstorf, De | |
| DE4403753C1 (en) * | 1994-02-08 | 1995-07-20 | Angewandte Digital Elektronik | Combined chip card |
| FR2730576B1 (en) * | 1995-02-15 | 1997-04-04 | Gemplus Card Int | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ELECTRONIC CARDS AND CARDS OBTAINED BY SUCH A PROCESS |
| DE19604045A1 (en) | 1996-02-05 | 1997-08-07 | Siemens Ag | Device for processing and storing data |
| DE19654902C2 (en) * | 1996-03-15 | 2000-02-03 | David Finn | Smart card |
| DE19611072C2 (en) * | 1996-03-21 | 1998-01-08 | Orga Kartensysteme Gmbh | Chip card that can be operated both contact and contactless |
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1998
- 1998-04-14 DE DE19816417A patent/DE19816417A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-04-14 EP EP99920667A patent/EP1072013A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-04-14 US US09/673,553 patent/US6565007B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-14 WO PCT/EP1999/002516 patent/WO1999053426A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19723272A1 (en) * | 1996-06-04 | 1997-12-11 | Orga Kartensysteme Gmbh | Electronic chip card with microcomputer |
| WO1999016016A1 (en) * | 1997-09-23 | 1999-04-01 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Dual-mode data carrier and circuit for such a data carrier with potential cut-off for at least one contact terminal |
| EP0945828A2 (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 1999-09-29 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Portable electronic device with contacting and noncontacting interfaces |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19816417A1 (en) | 1999-10-28 |
| WO1999053426A1 (en) | 1999-10-21 |
| US6565007B1 (en) | 2003-05-20 |
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