EP1101585A2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Fliesen mit dem Erscheinungsbild alter, rustikaler, handwerklich hergestellter Fliesen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Fliesen mit dem Erscheinungsbild alter, rustikaler, handwerklich hergestellter Fliesen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1101585A2
EP1101585A2 EP00203851A EP00203851A EP1101585A2 EP 1101585 A2 EP1101585 A2 EP 1101585A2 EP 00203851 A EP00203851 A EP 00203851A EP 00203851 A EP00203851 A EP 00203851A EP 1101585 A2 EP1101585 A2 EP 1101585A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tile
atomized
tiles
mix
coloured
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00203851A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1101585A3 (de
Inventor
Massimo Zini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gruppo Ceramiche Saicis SpA
Original Assignee
Gruppo Ceramiche Saicis SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gruppo Ceramiche Saicis SpA filed Critical Gruppo Ceramiche Saicis SpA
Publication of EP1101585A2 publication Critical patent/EP1101585A2/de
Publication of EP1101585A3 publication Critical patent/EP1101585A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/08—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads
    • B28B11/0872—Non-mechanical reshaping of the surface, e.g. by burning, acids, radiation energy, air flow, etc.
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles

Definitions

  • the ceramic floor and facing tile market is tending towards products having an increasingly sophisticated appearance reproducing natural products or products obtained by craftsman methods.
  • the object of this patent is to provide a method enabling rustic tiles to be obtained which are similar to old tiles produced by craftsman means.
  • Such tiles are required to have a surface of irregular brown colour ranging from very light to dark, and be provided with stains and inclusions.
  • the surface must be substantially smooth and comprise apparently defective regions characterised by depressed irregular surface parts reproducing the appearance of chipping, or more or less extensive craters, or pores.
  • the object of this patent is to provide a method for the industrial manufacture of this type of tile.
  • An atomized ceramic mix is fed into the forming cavity of a mould, and then pressed.
  • the base mix can be a single-colour mix or can be obtained by partially mixing together at least two atomized powder masses coloured differently so that the tile mass obtained is characterised by veining or staining reproducing the coloration defects of craftsman mixes.
  • a layer of atomized clay is applied followed by a second layer of multi-colour glazes variously mixed and distributed.
  • the mix fed to the mould cavity includes particles or flakes of volatile material.
  • the particles or flakes are laid on the surface of the powder previously fed into the mould cavity.
  • volatile material means a material which burns away or sublimes completely at a temperature less than or equal to 600°C, so that it disappears completely at the latest during the initial stage of the kiln firing process, to create more or less extensive craters.
  • Materials can also be used which burn away or sublime at lower temperature, typically the temperature attained by the tile during the drying stage.
  • a particularly suitable flake forming material is an easily combustible fibrous material, such as sawdust.
  • the material resulting from the crushing or grinding of maize grains has proved particularly convenient.
  • Cereal flakes have also proved convenient, as have oven-baked cereals such as popcorn, or even straw fragments.
  • the volatile material is required to disappear as early as the drying stage, it is convenient to use a wax or an equivalent synthetic material.
  • the material before being reduced to flakes is mixed with powdered coloured atomized clay, or with pigments or powdered vitreous glaze.
  • the mix fed to the mould cavity also includes pigment flakes, which can be single or multicoloured.
  • the pigment flakes are also preferably rested on the surface of the material previously fed into the mould forming cavity.
  • the crude tile formed in this manner is subjected to normal drying by known means, and then possibly decorated with pigments.
  • the pigment decoration of the crude tile conveniently comprises spraying with an aqueous suspension of neutral or coloured glazes, by directing the jet in a direction inclined to the tile surface.
  • This method of applying the aqueous glaze suspension favours the appearance of veining on the tile surface and is known as flashing.
  • the tile can be decorated, after possible brushing, by the controlled application of multi-colour pigment powders through a silk screen, or other known means.
  • coloured glaze is followed, according to the invention, by a blowing operation consisting of subjecting the tile surface to an air stream in a substantially tangential direction, the purpose of which is to accumulate the glaze against the edges of depressed regions such as craters.
  • the cycle is completed by kiln firing using usual methods and cycles.
  • a base ceramic mix is prepared by wet grinding a mixture composed of high quality, high plasticity clays of very low iron and titanium content, fluxes and feldspathic sands also of very low iron and titanium content. Subsequent drying of the liquid mixture is achieved by an atomizer which produces a powder of controlled moisture content and particle size.
  • the powder mix obtained in this manner passes through a continuous colouring device in which the powder is pigmented by feeding colouring oxides together with the powder in predetermined proportions, and is fed into the feed hopper of the press.
  • the press is fed using a machine which distributes several atomized layers in different successive loadings.
  • the mould forming cavities are filled with a first layer of coloured base mix to the extent of about 90% of the total tile thickness.
  • a second layer is applied composed of a mixture of four atomized ceramic glazes differing in colour and fusibility.
  • This mixture is obtained by withdrawing from four different containers, one per component, cyclically variable quantities of the components and distributing them with a variable repetitive cycle within the forming cavity.
  • this second layer there is distributed a third layer composed of a mixture of different ceramic glazes agglomerated into flakes of a wide particle size range, together with another mixture formed from various granules of volatile substances.
  • a grit formed from ground maize is used for this application.
  • the three superposed layers are then pressed with a specific pressure of 400 kg/cm 2 using a hydraulic press.
  • the tiles are removed from the mould and then dried in a normal vertical dryer with boat-shaped containers, using a 60 minute cycle at 250°C.
  • the dried but hot tiles (at this stage the tile is still at 70°C) are sprayed tangentially, using a spray gun, with a film of liquid ceramic glaze which, after its rapid drying, is removed from the more projecting parts of the tile structure with a rotary disc brush.
  • the mixture is distributed by known means.
  • the previously applied powdered glaze mixture is partly removed and partly forced into the specific recesses in the tile structure.
  • a fixer is then applied to the tile to fix the remainder of the powdered glaze.
  • the fixer used is a 5-10% polymer solution in polyvinyl alcohol.
  • the tile is then fired in a ceramic roller kiln at a temperature of 1200°C using a residence cycle of 60 minutes.
  • the volatile substances volatilize from the support mass to form small craters and pores in the tile surface.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
EP00203851A 1999-11-15 2000-11-03 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Fliesen mit dem Erscheinungsbild alter, rustikaler, handwerklich hergestellter Fliesen Withdrawn EP1101585A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT1999RE000117A IT1310979B1 (it) 1999-11-15 1999-11-15 Metodo per fabbricare piastrelle aventi l'aspetto delle antichepiastrelle rustiche di fabbricazione artigianale.
ITRE990117 1999-11-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1101585A2 true EP1101585A2 (de) 2001-05-23
EP1101585A3 EP1101585A3 (de) 2003-01-02

Family

ID=11399513

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00203851A Withdrawn EP1101585A3 (de) 1999-11-15 2000-11-03 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Fliesen mit dem Erscheinungsbild alter, rustikaler, handwerklich hergestellter Fliesen

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1101585A3 (de)
IT (1) IT1310979B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2228246A1 (es) * 2002-04-10 2005-04-01 Sicer S.R.L. "procedimiento para la realizacion de manufacturados para la construccion".
FR2946277A1 (fr) * 2009-06-09 2010-12-10 Imerys Tc Procede de realisation d'un etat de surface vieilli et destructure
ITMO20090175A1 (it) * 2009-07-03 2011-01-04 Siti B & T Group S P A Procedimento di decoro per decorare manufatti ceramici
EP2053031A4 (de) * 2006-07-20 2011-06-08 Guangdong Dongpeng Ceramic Company Ltd Verfahren zur herstellung einer fliese mit soliden poren als dekoration und produkt davon

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1934383A (en) * 1931-05-21 1933-11-07 Johns Manville Process of making permeable ceramic products
GB747924A (en) * 1952-12-20 1956-04-18 Council Scient Ind Res Improvements in or relating to the utilization of waste mica for the manufacture of insulating bricks, slabs, tiles or the like
US2825420A (en) * 1954-11-10 1958-03-04 Heine Henry William Acoustical tile and method of manufacturing it
IT1150410B (it) * 1981-05-21 1986-12-10 Giuseppe Silingardi Piastrella parzialmente decorata asmalto con decori incassati nella stessa
US4619860A (en) * 1985-07-01 1986-10-28 Armstrong World Industries, Inc. Foamed phosphate tile products
DE3614943C1 (en) * 1986-05-02 1987-04-30 Guenther Dipl-Ing Mallow Use of glazed perlite grains for producing tiles
ES2006499A6 (es) * 1986-09-24 1989-05-01 Azienda Srl Metodo para la realizacion de una baldosa ceramica vitrificada o esmaltada
JPH08217573A (ja) * 1995-02-07 1996-08-27 Zou Design Assoc:Kk 経年熟成タイル

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2228246A1 (es) * 2002-04-10 2005-04-01 Sicer S.R.L. "procedimiento para la realizacion de manufacturados para la construccion".
ES2228246B1 (es) * 2002-04-10 2006-02-01 Sicer S.R.L. "procedimiento para la realizacion de manufacturados para la construccion".
EP2053031A4 (de) * 2006-07-20 2011-06-08 Guangdong Dongpeng Ceramic Company Ltd Verfahren zur herstellung einer fliese mit soliden poren als dekoration und produkt davon
FR2946277A1 (fr) * 2009-06-09 2010-12-10 Imerys Tc Procede de realisation d'un etat de surface vieilli et destructure
ITMO20090175A1 (it) * 2009-07-03 2011-01-04 Siti B & T Group S P A Procedimento di decoro per decorare manufatti ceramici
EP2272645A1 (de) * 2009-07-03 2011-01-12 SITI - B&T Group S.p.A. Verfahren zum Dekorieren keramischer Produkte

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1101585A3 (de) 2003-01-02
ITRE990117A0 (it) 1999-11-15
IT1310979B1 (it) 2002-02-27
ITRE990117A1 (it) 2001-05-15

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