EP1104005A1 - Lampe à décharge à gaz à électrode pourvue d'une couche émettrice à oxyde - Google Patents

Lampe à décharge à gaz à électrode pourvue d'une couche émettrice à oxyde Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1104005A1
EP1104005A1 EP00204015A EP00204015A EP1104005A1 EP 1104005 A1 EP1104005 A1 EP 1104005A1 EP 00204015 A EP00204015 A EP 00204015A EP 00204015 A EP00204015 A EP 00204015A EP 1104005 A1 EP1104005 A1 EP 1104005A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal
gas discharge
electrode
oxide
discharge lamp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00204015A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1104005B1 (fr
Inventor
Georg Dr. Philips Corp. Int. Prop. GmbH Gärtner
Willem Dr. Van Den Hoek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1104005A1 publication Critical patent/EP1104005A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1104005B1 publication Critical patent/EP1104005B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/067—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0675—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
    • H01J61/0677—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode characterised by the electron emissive material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/067—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0675—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0735—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0735—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
    • H01J61/0737—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode characterised by the electron emissive material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas discharge lamp, in particular a low-pressure gas discharge lamp, equipped with an electrode that has a support made of an electrode metal and an electrode coating made of an electron-emissive material Metal powder and at least one alkaline earth oxide, selected from the group calcium oxide, Strontium oxide and barium oxide.
  • the generation of light in a gas discharge lamp is based on the ionization and the resulting one electrical discharge of the atoms of the filling gas of the lamp when an electrical Electricity flows through the lamp. Electrons become from the electrodes of the lamp emitted, which is accelerated so strongly by the electric field between the electrodes, that when they collide with the gas atoms, they can excite and ionize them. When the gas atoms return to their basic state and when recombining Electrons and ions become a more or less large part of the potential energy in Radiation converted.
  • the amount of electrons that can be emitted by the electrodes depends on the work function of the electrodes for electrons. Tungsten in the Usually used as an electrode metal itself has a relatively high work function. Therefore, the electrode metal is usually coated with a material the main task of which is the electron-emitting properties of the electrode metal to improve. Characteristic of the electron-emitting coating materials of electrodes in gas discharge lamps is that they contain an alkaline earth metal, either in the form of alkaline earth metal oxide or one containing alkaline earth metal Starting compound (precursor) for the alkaline earth metal oxide.
  • Low-pressure gas discharge lamps of a conventional type are therefore usually with electrodes equipped with tungsten wires with an electron-emitting coating, contains the oxides of the alkaline earth metals calcium, strontium and barium.
  • a tungsten wire is used, for example, with the Carbonates of the alkaline earth metals coated in a binder preparation. While pumping and baking the lamp, the carbonates at temperatures of about 1000 ° C converted into the oxides. After this burning of the electrode, it delivers already a noticeable emission current, which is not yet stable, however. It still follows an activation process. This activation process turns the originally non-conductive Ion lattice of alkaline earth oxides is transformed into an electronic semiconductor by Donor-type impurities are incorporated into the crystal lattice of the oxides. These imperfections consist essentially of elemental alkaline earth metal, e.g. B. calcium, strontium or barium.
  • elemental alkaline earth metal e.g. B. calcium, strontium or barium.
  • the electron emission of such electrodes is based on this impurity mechanism.
  • the purpose of the activation process is to provide a sufficient amount of to create excess, elementary alkaline earth metal, through which the oxides in the electron-emitting coating with a prescribed heating output the maximum Can deliver emission current.
  • the electrode coating namely, continually loses alkaline earth metal during the life of the lamp, partly because the electrode coating evaporates slowly, partly due to the ion current is sputtered in the lamp.
  • the elemental alkaline earth metal is produced by reducing the alkaline earth oxide on the tungsten wire always supplied again during operation of the lamp. This subsequent delivery comes to a standstill, however, when the tungsten wire passes through a high-resistance interface (interface) made of tungsten oxide, alkaline earth silicate or alkaline earth tungstate is passivated.
  • the electron-emitting substance in addition to alkaline earth carbonate and zirconium oxide 3 to 15% by weight of a reducing agent Contains metal powder with a high melting point, the reducing Metal powder from at least one metal from tantalum, niobium, tungsten and molybdenum existing group is selected, and the electron-emitting substance so is distributed that they cover the entire winding core of the coil down to the two end turns the multiple filament fills out of filament.
  • the metal powders made of tantalum, niobium, tungsten or molybdenum are also surrounded - just like the electrode carrier wire - over time with a passivating interface from tungsten oxide, alkaline earth silicate or alkaline earth tungstate, or from the corresponding Niobium, tantalum or molybdenum compounds.
  • the object is achieved by a gas discharge lamp equipped with an electrode, a carrier made of an electrode metal and a first electrode coating Made of an electron-emitting material that is a metal powder preparation from a powder of a reducing metal, selected from the group aluminum, Silicon, titanium, zircon, hafnium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten and their alloys, with a powder coating with a precious metal selected from the group rhenium, Cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, palladium, rhodium, iridium and platinum and their alloys, and at least one alkaline earth metal oxide selected from the group calcium oxide, Strontium oxide and barium oxide.
  • a metal powder preparation from a powder of a reducing metal selected from the group aluminum, Silicon, titanium, zircon, hafnium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten and their alloys
  • a powder coating with a precious metal selected from the group rhenium, Cobalt, nickel, ruthenium,
  • Gas discharge lamps with such electrodes last for a long period of time uniform electron emission because of the powder coating of the metal powder with a noble metal, a reaction of the alkaline earth oxide with the reducing Metal during the activation phase in the process of manufacturing the gas discharge lamp avoided.
  • the reducing diffuses only during operation of the gas discharge lamp Metal through the powder coating from a precious metal and reduces the alkaline earth oxide to elemental alkaline earth metal.
  • Exhaustion of the electron emission is avoided and ensures that during sufficient alkaline earth metal is released throughout the operation of the lamp.
  • the Emission current is uniform and uniform and the life of the gas discharge lamp extended.
  • the electrodes in these gas discharge lamps are also resistant to poisoning.
  • the reject rate in production is low because these electrodes are easily reproducible have it made.
  • the gas discharge lamp is between the carrier and the first electrode coating a second electrode coating from a Precious metal selected from the group rhenium, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, palladium, Rhodium, iridium, platinum.
  • a gas discharge lamp has a shortened one Ignition phase, the electrode contained a low work function and a improved electrical conductivity.
  • the metal powder preparation consists of a powder made of a tungsten-iridium alloy with a powder coating made of iridium.
  • the electron-emitting material additionally contains zirconium oxide contains.
  • the metal powder preparation has one average grain size d of 2.0 ⁇ m ⁇ d ⁇ 3.0 ⁇ m.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically the generation of light in a fluorescent lamp.
  • Gas discharge lamps can be divided into low-pressure lamps and high-pressure lamps become. They differ in the type of discharge stabilization.
  • Fig. 1 shows a low-pressure discharge lamp with mercury filling, e.g. a fluorescent lamp.
  • a gas discharge lamp consists of a glass tube 1 in rod, ring or U shape.
  • the electrodes 2 are located at the ends of the tube Two-pin base 3.
  • the inside of the glass tube is provided with a fluorescent layer 4, whose chemical composition is the spectrum of light or its color certainly.
  • the glass tube contains a small amount Mercury or mercury vapor, which stimulates to glow under operating conditions, the Hg resonance line at a wavelength of 253.7 nm in the ultraviolet range emitted.
  • the UV radiation emitted excites the phosphors in the phosphor layer to emit light in the visible area 5.
  • the lamp further comprises means for igniting and for operating such.
  • a gas discharge lamp contains an electron-emitting electrode, which is a carrier made of an electrode metal and a first electrode coating made of an electron-emitting Material includes.
  • the carrier made of an electrode metal usually consists of tungsten or one Tungsten alloy, optionally with a molybdenum core, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum and their alloys. It can also be made of nickel, platinum, silicon, magnesium, aluminum or their alloys exist.
  • the carrier can be used as a wire, spiral, spiral, as corrugated wire, Pipe, ring, plate or ribbon can be shaped. He is usually directly through the Current flow heated.
  • a coating of a noble metal can be on the carrier made of an electrode metal selected from the group rhenium, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, palladium, rhodium, Iridium, platinum. It preferably consists of an iridium 0.1 to 2 ⁇ m thick or rhenium layer.
  • the raw mass for the electron-emitting material is applied to this carrier.
  • the carbonates of the alkaline earth metals calcium, Strontium and barium ground and if necessary with each other and with zirconium metal powder mixed.
  • the weight ratio of calcium carbonate is typically: Strontium carbonate: barium carbonate: zirconium equals 25.2: 31.5: 40.3: 3 a metal powder of the metals from the group aluminum, silicon, titanium, zircon, hafnium, Tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten and their alloys with a metal from the Group of rhenium, rhodium, palladium, iridium and platinum with a powder coating from a precious metal such as rhenium, nickel, cobalt, ruthenium, palladium, rhodium, Iridium or platinum.
  • a metal powder with an average grain size is preferred from 2-3 pm with a 0.1 to 0.2 ⁇ m thick powder coating.
  • CVD processes such as fluid bed CVD can be used as powder coating processes become. This coated metal powder is added to the raw mass.
  • the raw mass can also be mixed with a binder. It is then through Brushing, dipping, cataphoretic deposition or spraying are applied to the carrier.
  • the coated electrodes are melted into the lamp ends.
  • the electrodes are formed while the lamp is being evacuated and filled.
  • the electrode wire is heated to a temperature of 1000 ° C to 1200 ° C by direct current passage.
  • the alkaline earth carbonates are converted to the alkaline earth oxides with the release of CO and CO 2 and then form a porous sintered body.
  • the activation takes place, the purpose of which is to supply excess elemental alkaline earth metal embedded in the oxides.
  • the excess alkaline earth metal is created by the reduction of alkaline earth metal oxide.
  • the alkaline earth oxide is reduced by the released CO or the carrier metal.
  • there is a current activation that achieves the required free alkaline earth metal through electrolytic processes at high temperatures.
  • the fully formed electron-emissive material can preferably be 2 to 20 percent by weight contain a metal powder preparation.
  • the zirconium oxide content can be between Zero and 10 wt .-% lie.
  • a triple-wound tungsten wire is coated with rhenium with a layer thickness of 1 ⁇ m coated.
  • Tungsten powder is used for the electron-emitting coating an average grain size of 3 ⁇ m in the fluid bed CVD process with a rhenium layer coated with a layer thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m.
  • Triple carbonate consisting of Calcium carbonate, strontium carbonate and barium carbonate in a weight ratio of 1: 1.25 : 1.6 is coated with 3% by weight of zirconium metal powder and 10% by weight of the rhenium Tungsten powder and a binder preparation made of nitrocellulose and butyl acetate mixed.
  • the rhenium-coated tungsten wire is made with this emission mass coated, then inserted into a lamp bulb and heated to 1000 ° C. At the When the electrode is heated, the carbonates of the alkaline earth metals change into their oxides and the zirconium metal powder into zirconium oxide. This burn-in process can still connect an activation by means of reduction activation or current activation.
  • a lamp has a short ignition phase and the emitter electrode has a low work function of 1.42 eV and a conductivity improved by a factor of 2.
  • a triple coiled tungsten wire is coated with rhenium with a layer thickness of 1 ⁇ m.
  • tungsten powder with an average grain size of 3 ⁇ m is coated with a rhenium layer with a layer thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m in the fluid bed CVD process.
  • Triple carbonate consisting of calcium carbonate, strontium carbonate and barium carbonate in a weight ratio of 1: 1.25: 1.6 is mixed with 3% by weight of zirconium metal powder and 10% by weight of the rhenium-coated tungsten powder and a binder preparation made of nitrocellulose and butyl acetate.
  • the rhenium-coated tungsten wire is coated with this emission mass, then inserted into a lamp bulb and heated to 1000 ° C.
  • the electrode is heated, the carbonates of the alkaline earth metals convert into their oxides and the zirconium metal powder into zirconium oxide.
  • the emitter electrode has a low work function of 1.42 eV and a conductivity improved by a factor of 2.

Landscapes

  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
EP00204015A 1999-11-23 2000-11-14 Lampe à décharge à gaz à électrode pourvue d'une couche émettrice à oxyde Expired - Lifetime EP1104005B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19956322A DE19956322A1 (de) 1999-11-23 1999-11-23 Gasentladungslampe mit Oxidemitter-Elektrode
DE19956322 1999-11-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1104005A1 true EP1104005A1 (fr) 2001-05-30
EP1104005B1 EP1104005B1 (fr) 2006-12-20

Family

ID=7930034

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00204015A Expired - Lifetime EP1104005B1 (fr) 1999-11-23 2000-11-14 Lampe à décharge à gaz à électrode pourvue d'une couche émettrice à oxyde

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6674240B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1104005B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001155679A (fr)
DE (2) DE19956322A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10242241A1 (de) * 2002-09-12 2004-03-25 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Niederdruckgasentladungslampe mit Ba TiO3-ähnlichen Elektronen-Ermittersubstanzen
DE112006002464T5 (de) * 2005-09-14 2008-07-24 Littelfuse, Inc., Des Plaines Gasgefüllter Überspannungsableiter, aktivierende Verbindung, Zündstreifen und Herstellungsverfahren dafür
US7633226B2 (en) * 2005-11-30 2009-12-15 General Electric Company Electrode materials for electric lamps and methods of manufacture thereof
JP2008060056A (ja) * 2006-08-04 2008-03-13 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 冷陰極蛍光ランプ用電極
EP2147455A1 (fr) * 2007-05-10 2010-01-27 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards GmbH Lampe à décharge de gaz à remplissage de gaz comprenant du chalcogène
DE102013215056A1 (de) * 2013-07-31 2015-02-19 Osram Gmbh Niederdruckentladungslampe mit Entladungsgefäß und Elektrode

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5574052A (en) * 1978-11-29 1980-06-04 Toshiba Corp Gas discharge lamp
DE4415748A1 (de) * 1994-05-04 1995-11-09 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Elektrode für Leuchtstoffröhre und Verfahren zum Herstellen derselben
EP0845797A2 (fr) * 1996-11-29 1998-06-03 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Cathode pour un tube à électrons
WO1999049495A1 (fr) * 1998-03-20 1999-09-30 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Tube a decharge pour source lumineuse

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0738423B1 (fr) * 1994-11-08 1999-01-13 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lampe a decharge basse pression
US5847498A (en) * 1994-12-23 1998-12-08 Philips Electronics North America Corporation Multiple layer composite electrodes for discharge lamps

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5574052A (en) * 1978-11-29 1980-06-04 Toshiba Corp Gas discharge lamp
DE4415748A1 (de) * 1994-05-04 1995-11-09 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Elektrode für Leuchtstoffröhre und Verfahren zum Herstellen derselben
EP0845797A2 (fr) * 1996-11-29 1998-06-03 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Cathode pour un tube à électrons
WO1999049495A1 (fr) * 1998-03-20 1999-09-30 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Tube a decharge pour source lumineuse
AU2956899A (en) * 1998-03-20 1999-10-18 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Discharge tube for light source
EP1067580A1 (fr) * 1998-03-20 2001-01-10 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Tube a decharge pour source lumineuse

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 004, no. 117 (E - 022) 20 August 1980 (1980-08-20) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19956322A1 (de) 2001-05-31
EP1104005B1 (fr) 2006-12-20
US6674240B1 (en) 2004-01-06
JP2001155679A (ja) 2001-06-08
DE50013884D1 (de) 2007-02-01

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